Cleaner Production is a preventative environmental management approach that focuses on continuously reducing or eliminating waste at the source during production processes. It involves applying strategies like good housekeeping practices, input substitution, process optimization, equipment modifications, and technology changes to increase efficiency and minimize environmental risks. The goal of Cleaner Production is to design and retrofit industrial systems to prevent pollution, maximize conservation of raw materials, energy and water, and reduce health and environmental risks while being cost-effective.

1. Introduction toIntroduction to
Cleaner Production and ItsCleaner Production and Its
Application MethodologyApplication Methodology
Principles & ConceptPrinciples & Concept

2. Products and Services
Production
process
Raw Materials
Product/
Service
Product/
Service
WasteWaste

3. What is Wastes?
It is
throwing away a
part of your
resources
UP in Smoke
DOWN the Drain
IN the garbage

4. Philosophy
behind
Cleaner Production
WASTE
is a Valuable Resource
at a
wrong place, in a wrong form
Or in a wrong media

5. Why the waste is generated
• Bad housekeeping
• Bad quality raw materials
• Improper process conditions
• Old/Substandard Equipment
• Old, inefficient Technologies
• Product Specifications

6. Solutions? (CP Techniques)
• Good housekeeping
• Input substitution
• Better process control/Process optimization
• Equipment modification
• Technology change
• On-site recovery/reuse
• Production of a useful by-product
• Product modification

7. Principles Underlying CP
• Precautionary Principle
• Preventive Principle
• Integrated/Holistic Principle
• Democratic Principle

8. Cleaner Production
CP is an approach to optimize the usage of
resources by
– Minimizing waste of resources at the point of
generation
– Converting unavoidable wastes to products with
economic value
– Innovation and creativity

9. OFFICIAL DEFINITION OF
CLEANER PRODUCTION
“ The continuous application of
an integrated, preventive
environmental strategy applied
to processes, products and
services to increase overall
efficiency and reduce risks to
humans and the environment.”
(UNEP)

10. Cleaner Production for -
Processes :
Conserving Raw Materials & Energy
Eliminating Toxic Materials
Reducing Quantity and Toxicity of all
Emissions and Wastes

11. Cleaner Production for -
Products :
Reducing environmental impact of a
product in its entire Life Cycle from Raw
Material extraction to
End-of-Life disposal
Lowers costs and improves environmental
performance

12. Services :
Incorporating environmental concerns into
designing and delivering a service
Focus on product use
Cleaner Production for -

13. Cleaner Production
Continuous,Preventive,Integrated
Strategy applied
to
Products Processes Services
To Increase Efficiency and
Improve
Environmental
Performance &
Reduce Costs
Reduction of Risks
Competitive
Advantage

14. First definition of Cleaner Production
• The conceptual and procedural approach to
production that demands that all phases of
the life-cycle of a product or of a process
should be addressed with the objective of
prevention or the minimization of short and
long-term risks to humans and the
environment

15. Definition by Business Directory. com
• Manufacturing in which waste minimization
and prevention practices are continuously
applied. These practices include (1)
conservation of raw materials and energy, (2)
elimination of toxic inputs, and (3) reduction
in toxic outputs.

16. Definition by Dr Rene Van Berkel
• Continuous improvement of industrial
processes, products and services to reduce the
use of natural resources, to prevent-at the
source-the pollution of air, water and land, and
to reduce waste generation in order to
minimize risks to the human population and
the environment

17. Definition by Indian NCPC
• Cleaner Production is the new and creative
way of thinking about products and processes
that make them. It is achieved by the
continuous application of strategies to
minimize the generation of wastes and
emissions.

18. Definition by
Global Development Research Centre
• Cleaner production (CP) is a preventative approach
to managing the environmental impacts of business
processes and products. CP uses changes in
technology, processes, resouces or practices to
reduce waste, environmental and health risks;
minimize environmental damage; use energy and
resources more efficiently; increase business
profitability and competitiveness; and increase the
efficiency of production processes. Cleaner
production is applicable to all businesses, regardless
of size or type.

19. Cleaner Production is achieved by:Cleaner Production is achieved by:
 Applying know howApplying know how
 Improving technologyImproving technology
 Changing attitudesChanging attitudes

20. Question,
"Is Cleaner Production a Method or a philosophy?"
It is both philosophically significant and methodologically
grounded.

21. Philosophy of Cleaner Production
Change the organizational culture
from a
Wasteful culture
to a
Wasteless culture

22. Is Cleaner Production Similar to Environmental
Management Systems
• No
• CP Focus on Zero Waste and EMS on Managing
Environmental Issues
• CP focuses on resource consumption where EMS
looks at environmental concerns
• CP looks at prevention of waste at the point of
generation while EMS looks at managing
environmental issues as they emerge
• CP is an Approach but EMS is a Management
System
• CP is through self motivation but EMS is to please
others

23. Prerequisites to CP
Top Management Commitment
Total Involvement of Employees
Organized Approach
Be open Minded and Flexible to Change
Be Creative and Innovative

24. Cleaner Production methodologies
• UNEP standard Methodology
• Dutch PRISMA Methodology
• Indian DESIRE Methodology
• Van Berkel Methodology
• UNEP/UNIDO standard Methodology

25. UNEP Standard methodology
• Phase1- Planning & organization
• Phase 2-Preassessment (qualitative )
• Phase 3- Assessment (quantitative)
• Phase 4- Evaluation and Feasibility Study
• Phase 5- Implementation & Continuation
(20 tasks)

26. Dutch PRISMA Methodology
• Phase 1- Planning & Organization
• Phase 2- Assessment
• Phase 3- Feasibility Analysis
• Phase 4- Implementation
(15 tasks)
PRISMA - Dutch acronym for Project Industrial Successes with Pollution
Prevention.

27. DESIRE Methodology
• Getting started
• Analysing the process
• Cause Evaluation and Generation of Options
• Feasibility analysis and Selection of CP solutions
• Implementation
• Sustaining
• (18 tasks)
DESIRE- Demonstration in Small Industries for Reducing Wastes

28. Van Berkel Methodology
• Phase 1- Planning & organization
• Phase 2- Selecting First Focus
• Phase 3- Investigation
• Phase 4- Feasibility Studies
• Phase 5- Implementation and Continuation
(20 tasks)

29. Cleaner Production Assessment
(UNEP/UNIDO) Adopted from DESIRE
• Six step organised approach:
– start 1. getting started
– analyse2. analysing process steps
3. generating CP options
– improve 4. selecting CP solutions
5. implementing CP solutions
– integrate 6. sustaining CP
(18 tasks)

30. Phases in Generic Cleaner Production
Assessment Methodology
Recognized need to minimize waste
Planning and Organization
Assessment
Feasibility Analysis
Successfully Implemented CP Projects
Implementation
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Identify Waste
Streams
Quantify Waste
Streams
Generate OptionsMonitor
Re-evaluate
Sustain

31. Getting StartedGetting Started
PlanningPlanningPlanning
Generation and
Evaluation
of GP Options
Generation and
Evaluation of
GP Options
Generation and
Evaluation of
GP Options
Sustaining GPSustaining GP
Monitoring and
Review
Monitoring and
Review
Implementation
of GP Options
Implementation of
GP Options
Implementation of
GP Options
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
Overview of GP Methodology

32. Cleaner
Production
Source
Reduction
Resource
Recovery
Product
Redesign

33. Common Misconceptions
• CP is difficult and expensive to
implement
• CP is technologically complicated
and is applicable in large companies
only
• CP requires specialized skills and
expertise

34. Cleaner Production Vs. Pollution Control
Pollution
Control - EOP
Cleaner
Production
Cost Cost
Environmental
Performance
Environmental
Performance

35. Cost Vs time
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
year
Cost
CP PC

36. Some Interesting Points to Remember
• CP - Preventative approach to environmental
management
• CP - Broad term encompassing what some
countries/institutions call eco-efficiency, waste
minimization, pollution prevention, or green
productivity
• CP - Mentality of how to produce goods and
services with minimum environmental impact under
present technological and economic limits
• CP - DOES NOT DENY GROWTH, it merely
insists that growth be ecologically sustainable
• CP - Not only an environmental strategy, but a
sound business strategy as relates to economic
considerations. (WIN-WIN Strategy)

37. Cleaner Production
is a
Journey
NOT
a Destination !!!