This document discusses the concept of cleaner production. It begins by defining cleaner production as a preventative approach to environmental management that aims to increase efficiency and reduce waste and pollution in production processes, products, and services. It then outlines some of the key principles of cleaner production, including conserving resources, reducing impacts across product lifecycles, and incorporating environmental concerns into services. The document also discusses strategies for cleaner production like waste prevention and input substitution. It notes that cleaner production provides ecological, economic, and social benefits for industry.

1. Saltillo Technological Institute
Sustainable Development
Cleaner Production
Professor: Carlos Loyola
Student: Jesus Francisco Diaz Guajardo

2. Why cleaner production?
 During the last decades, there was a clear evolution in the general attitude of
governments and industry regarding protection of the environment in a positive
sense
 This is also due to the development of win-win strategies, such as Cleaner
Production
 Cleaner Production describes a preventative approach to environmental
management
 It is a broad term that encompasses what some countries/institutions call eco-
efficiency, waste minimisation, pollution prevention, or green productivity, but it
also includes something extra:
 Cleaner Production refers to a mentality of how goods and services are produced
with the minimum environmental impact under present technological and
economic limits

3. Introduction
 Cleaner production is the application of an integrated strategy for processes,
products and services to increase efficiency and reduce problems for humans and
enviroment.
 Production processes: Conserving raw materials and energy, use only the less
toxic raw materials and try to reduce the quantity and toxicity of all the waste
 Products: Reducing negative impacts along the life cycle of a product from raw
materials extraction to ultimate diposal
 Services: incorporating environmental concerns into designing and delivering
services

4. The continuous application of an integrated preventive environmental strategy to
processes, products, and services to increase overall efficiency, and reduce risks to
humans and the environment. Cleaner Production can be applied to the
processes used in any industry, to products themselves and to various services
provided in society.”
Cleaner production is one of the key ways to ensure sustainable development,
aims to increase production and productivity through the more eficient use of
raw materials to reduce waste and emissions of any kind, cleaner production is
the key for a better world

5. What is waste?
There are literally hundreds words for
different types of waste:
• greenhouse loss
• hidden losses
• leakage
• non-conforming material
• overfill
• packaging
• process loss
• rework
• second quality
• stock loss
• washings
and etc.
• allowance
• BOD
• broke
• contaminated
solids
• core loss
• customer returns
• damage
• draining
• dust
• effluent
• evaporation
• furnace loss

6. Waste is waste what
ever you call it : take
the opportunity to cut
waste and increase
profits!
!!!

7. Waste prevention strategy
 Influencing practical decisions taken at various stages of the life cycle:
design, manufacture, use phase
 This strategy does not prescribe EU waste prevention targets as this
would not be the most effective way to foster waste prevention
 Such targets fail to address the complexity of environmental
impact
 The weight of waste could be reduced yet the environmental
impact could increase, whereas small weight reductions can bring
large reductions in environmental impact
 Prevention measures will have to be taken at national, regional or
local level

8. Waste costs
 Treatment and disposal are only the tip of the waste iceberg…
(Source: UNEP-DTIE)

9. Passive environmental strategy
 Strategy of dilute and spread or concentrate and store
 Dilution of waste streams, large smokestacks dispersing emission to larger areas
 Heavy burden on the environment
 Damage to human health for present and future generations
 Damage to aquatic environment
 Potential long-term consequences
 Environmental non-compliance
 Surpassing emission limits
 Ultimately the problems are not solved only postponed

10. Reactive environmental strategy
 End-of-pipe solutions in essence
 Water purification systems
 Thermal destruction of hazardous waste
 Air-pollution control – scrubbers
 Wastes segregation and treated later
 Heavy on investment and costly to maintain
 Provides only temporary solution

11. 11Proactive environmental strategies:
Cleaner Production
Prevention of Waste
generation:
- Good housekeeping
- Input substitution
- Better process control
- Equipment modification
- Technology change
- On-site recovery/reuse
- Production of a useful by-
product
- Product modification

12. Evolution of attitudes toward
environmental issues
Passive environmental protection
Negative environmental impacts

Regulatory non-compliance

Active environmental protection
Costly end-of-pipe solutions

Inefficient

Cleaner production
Cost-effective

Regulatory compliance

More efficient use of
raw materials and energy


13. Cleaner Production practices
1. Good housekeeping
take appropriate managerial and
operational actions to prevent:
- leaks
- spills
- to enforce existing
operational
instructions

14. Cleaner Production practices
2. Input substitution
substitute input materials
- by less toxic
- or by renewable materials
- or by adjunct materials which
have a longer service life-time
in production

15. Cleaner Production practices
3. Better process control
modify:
- operational procedures
- equipment instructions
and process record keeping in
order to run the processes more
efficiently and at lower waste and
emission generation rates

16. Cleaner Production practices
4. Equipment modification
modify the existing production
equipment and utilities in order:
- run the processes at higher
efficiency
- lower waste and emission
generation rates

17. Cleaner Production practices
5. Technology change
replacement of:
- the technology
- processing sequence
- synthesis pathway
in order to minimise waste
and emission generation
during production

18. CP versus End-of-Pipe
approach
Cleaner Production
Continuous improvement
Progress towards use of closed loop or
continuous cycle processes
Everyone in the community has a role to play;
partnerships are essential
Active anticipation and avoidance of pollution
and waste
Elimination of environmental problems at
their source
Involves new practices, attitudes and
management techniques and stimulates
technical advances
Pollution Control and Waste Management
One-off solutions to individual problems
Processes result in waste materials for
disposal a pipeline with resources in and
wastes out
Solutions are developed by experts often in
isolation
Reactive responses to pollution and waste
after they are created
Pollutants are controlled by waste treatment
equipment and methods
Relies mainly on technical improvements to
existing technologies

19. What is not CP?
 Off-site recycling
 Transferring hazardous
wastes
 Waste treatment
 Concentrating hazardous or
toxic constituents to reduce
volume
 Diluting constituents to
reduce hazard or toxicity

20. What are the benefits of
Cleaner Production?
Improving
environmental situation
Increasing
economical benefits
Increasing
productivity
Gaining
competitive
advantage
Continuous
environmental
improvement

21. CP barriers
Internal to the companies:
- Lack of information and
expertise
- Low environmental
awareness
- Competing business
priorities, in particular, the
pressure for a short term
profits
- Financial obstacles
- Lack of communication in
firms
- Middle management inertia
- Labour force obstacles

22. Cleaner Production is more than technology
 The most common types of changes that are demonstrated by
environmental improvements in industry are:
 changes to the type, quality or quantity of resources used;
 improved maintenance or “housekeeping”;
 equipment modification or substitution;
 changes to processes; and, more recently, changes to
products and services.
 While these technical types of changes are indispensable, it is
not enough by itself to bring cleaner production in organisations.
 This is because of the human dimensions of organisational
change

23. The human dimension
 Cleaner production is not only about changing raw materials,
processes and products.
 It is also about changing corporate culture and the attitudes of
people.
 An understanding of the dynamics of change within organisations
undertaking cleaner production can help educators, consultants
and other actors to improve the potential for success.
 Great role of teachers and researchers!

24. Conclusions:
 What does cleaner production mean for industry?
 Cost reduction
 Compliance with environmental regulatio
 Better working conditions for employees
 A new corporate attitude
 In sum: ecological, economical and social benefits
 Cleaner production should be the No.1. option in solving
pollution related problems!
 Remember is only one world

25. bibliography
URL: http://www.uneptie.org/cp
URL: http://www.financingcp.org/
URL: http://www.financingcp.org/training/Booklet.pdf
URL: http://www.emse.fr/site/entreprises/prodests/menu.html