A counter is a sequential logic circuit capable of counting the number of clock pulse arriving at its clock input.
In this ppt you will be able to know about the Counters, and its types.
The document explains about the concepts of sequential circuits in Digital electronics.
This will be helpful for the beginners in VLSI and electronics students.
The document explains about the concepts of sequential circuits in Digital electronics.
This will be helpful for the beginners in VLSI and electronics students.
Counters:
Introduction, Asynchronous counter, Terms related to counters, IC-7493 (4-bit binary counter), Synchronous counter, Bushing, Type T-Design, Type JK Design, Presettable counter, IC-7490, IC 7492, Synchronous counter ICs, Analysis of counter circuits
Latches
– Flip-Flops - SR, JK, D and T
– Master Slave Flip Flops
• Shift Registers
– SISO, SIPO, PISO, PIPO and Universal
• Binary Counters
– Synchronous and asynchronous up/down counters
– mod - N counter
– Counters for random sequence
– Johnson counter and Ring counter
in these slides you will find basic concept of combinational and sequenstional logic. these ppts are designed for students of electrical engineering, and covers all the necessary topic of their interest.
Summer training report on Android OS
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Operating System Lab Manual B.tech (CSE) Vth semester.
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Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
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Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
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Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
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Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
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Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
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3. 2. Synchronous counter – all state bits change under control
of a single clock
Types of Counters
1. Asynchronous (ripple) counter – changing state bits are
used as clocks to subsequent state flip-flops
3. Decade counter – counts through ten states per stage
4. Up/down counter – counts both up and down, under
command of a control input
5. Ring counter – formed by a shift register with feedback
connection in a ring
6. Johnson counter – a twisted ring counter
7. Cascaded counter
4.
5. In computing and electronic systems, binary-coded
decimal (BCD) (sometimes called natural binary-
coded decimal, NBCD) or, in its most common
modern implementation, packed decimal, is an
encoding for decimal numbers in which each digit is
represented by its own binary sequence. Its main
virtue is that it allows easy conversion to decimal digits
for printing or display, and allows faster decimal
calculations.
In BCD, a digit is usually represented by four bits
which, in general, represent the decimal digits 0
through 9. Other bit combinations are sometimes used
for a sign or for other indications (e.g., error or
overflow).
BCD CounterBCD Counter
6. • To encode a decimal number using the common BCD
encoding, each decimal digit is stored in a 4-bit nibble:
• Decimal: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
• BCD : 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001
• Thus, the BCD encoding for the number 127 would be:
0001 0010 0111
Basics for BCDBasics for BCD
8. Its drawbacks are a small increase in the
complexity of circuits needed to implement
mathematical operations.
Uncompressed BCD is also a relatively
inefficient encoding—it occupies more
space than a purely binary representation.
Drawbacks
9. Ring counters are implemented using shift
registers. It is essentially a circulating shift register
connected so that the last flip-flop shifts its value
into the first flip-flop. There is usually only a single 1
circulating in the register, as long as clock pulses
are applied.
10. Start control signal, which presets the
left-most flip-flop to 1 and clears the
others to 0.
An n-bit Ring Counter
11.
12. The Johnson counter, also known as the
twisted-ring counter, is exactly the same as
the ring counter except that the inverted
output of the last flip-flop is connected to the
input of the first flip-flop.
Let’s say, starts from 000, 100, 110, 111, 011
and 001, and the sequence is repeated so
long as there is input pulse.
15. To initialize the operation of the Johnson counter, it
is necessary to reset all flip-flops, as shown in the
figure. Observe that neither the Johnson nor the ring
counter will generate the desired counting sequence
if not initialized properly.
16. • Digital Electronics BookDigital Electronics Book
• Net Surfing :-Net Surfing :-
• http://www.electronics-tutorials.ws
• http://www.doc.ic.ac.uk/~nd/surprise_96/journal/v
ol4/cwl3/report.html#bcd
Editor's Notes
All Editing, Designing and Animations done by M.BILAL
All Editing, Designing and Animations done by M.BILAL
All Editing, Designing and Animations done by M.BILAL