Counselling is a talk therapy process where individuals seek assistance from trained professionals to address emotional issues and make informed decisions. It involves direct communication and aims to enhance self-understanding, independence, and personal growth through a range of techniques and approaches. The document outlines the purposes, principles, techniques, and benefits of counselling, emphasizing the importance of tailoring methods to individual needs.

1. COUNSELLING
PRESENTED BY : PALAK
MSC NURSING

2. INTRODUCTION
Counselling denotes ‘giving of advice’. It is a wider procedure
concerned with emotions as well as giving information.
Counselling is A form of “talk therapy”
It is a process where an individual, couple or family meet with a trained
professional counsellor to talk about issues and problems that they are
facing in their lives.

3. DEFINITION
• According to Williamson- “It is a means of helping people to learn
how to solve their own problems”.
• Counselling is face to face communication by which you help the
person to make decision or solve a problem and act on them.
• Counselling is a series of direct contact with the individual which aims
to offer him assistance in changing his attitude and behaviour.

4. PURPOSES OF COUNSELLING
• Providing the needed information and assistance to person.
• Helping an individual to make wise choices.
• Improving the understanding of self.
• Facilitate the adjustment.
• Making self sufficient and independent.
• Efficient use of capabilities and talent.
• Balanced physical, psychological, emotional, social and spiritual
growth.

5. PRINCIPLES OF COUNSELLING
• Tailor made to the requirement of an individual’s problem.
• Emphasizes thinking with individual.
• Maintain relationship of trust and confidence with client.
• Everyone participating in the counselling process must feel
comfortable.
• Counsellor has to listen attentively. Answer questions objectively, and
reinforce important information.
• Let the client make voluntary informed decision.
• Maintain dignity of individual as individual is primary concern in
counselling.

6. PRINCIPLES TO BE FOLLOWED IN
COUNSELLING TECHNIQUE
ACCEPTANCE: encouraged to express his feeling the client should
not be hindered in any manner.
RESTATEMENT: the counsellor should enable the counselee to
realize that he is being fully understood and accepted.
CLARIFICATION: the counsellor tries to give correct information,
clarify and doubts of the counselee.
REASSURANCE: confidence in counselling being given to him,
reassure the client about the effectiveness of counselling.
CONT…

7. • INTERPRETATION: to develop insight by the counselee, he
understands the unconscious motives that he resolves his inner
conflicts.
• ADVICE: advice should be given only in those cases where it is
sought for.
• REJECTION: it reverses the direction of thoughts of counselee.
• LEAD: the client is asked a question in a manner that is helpful to
him in determining the answer.

8. TECHNIQUES OF COUNSELLING
1. Directive or prescriptive or counsellor centred counselling: e.g.
Williamson is the chief exponent in this view point.
• This is an approach in which the counsellor uses a variety of
techniques to suggest the appropriate solutions to the problem of
counselee.
• It is based on the assumption that the client cannot solve his own
problems for lack of information.
CONT…

9. 2. Non directive or permissive or client centred counselling: Carl R.
Roger is the chief exponent in this viewpoint.
•In this, the counselee is the pivot of the whole counselling process.
•The main function of the counsellor is to create an atmosphere in which the
client can work out his problem.
3. Short term counselling.
4. Long term counselling.
5. Clinical counselling.
6. Psychological counselling.
7. Student counselling.
8. Placement counselling.
9. Marriage counselling.
10. Individual counselling.

10. 11. Dietary counselling.
12. Group counselling.
13. Motivational counselling.
14. Problem solving counselling.
15. Case study.
16. Educational counselling.
17. Peer group counselling.
18. Counselling services.

11. MEDIA OF COUNSELLING
• Regional centres.
• Study centres.
• Face to face contact.
• Interview.
• Letters.
• Radio.
• Television.
• Teleconferences.

12. BENEFITS OF COUNSELLING
• Help the person being counselled to understand himself.
• Allow the individual to help himself.
• Develop positive outlook.
• Motivates to search for alternate solutions to problems.
• Feel more connected to others, especially those who are close to you,
such as your family, spouse or best friends.