This document discusses various topics related to changes in education including social, economic, political and technological changes. It defines education and discusses how education affects social change. It outlines different types of social change and factors influencing social change. It also examines the relationship between social change and education and discusses educational and social changes that have occurred in India. Finally, it analyzes the economic, political and technological impacts on education.

1. EDUCATION, SOCIAL, ECONOMICAL,
POLITICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL
CHANGES IN EDUCATION
Mr. Santhosh. S.U
Associate Professor
SCPM College of Nursing & Paramedical Sciences,
Gonda. U.P.

2. Definition
 “Education is the natural, harmonious and progressive development of man’s
innate powers”. JOHANN HEINRICH PESTALOZZI,
 “Education is the development of all those capacities in the individual which
will enable him to control his environment and fulfill his possibilities.”
JOHN DEWEY,
 “Education is the all round drawing out of the best in child and man – Body,
Mind and Spirit”. MAHATMA GANDHI,
 “Education develops in the body and soul of the pupil all the beauty and all
the perfection he is capable of. Plato

3. What is social change?
 A change in the social structure/ behaviour, beliefs and
attitudes in society which may occur through a majority or
minority of individuals.
Eg; • industrial revolution,
• abolition of untouchability by law in India.
• the abolition of slavery,

4. HOW EDUCATION AFFECT SOCIAL CHANGE
 • The role of education as an agent or instrument of social change
 • It means that educated people are more likely to know and
understand the rationale for social change.
 • Social change take place when human need change
 • Education helps a person to form a more open opinion to any
change that is proposed or has already occurred and values to
student, these help them later to integrate within the culture of
society.

5. How education affect on culture ?
 • Culture refers to a set of beliefs, skills, art, literature, philosophy, religion, music
etc, which must be learned.
 • One of the fundamental goals of education that imparting of culture from one
generation to next generation.
 • The cultural elements are passed through the agents like family, school, and
other associations.
 • The curricular, extracurricular activities and informal education provides
cooperation, team spirit, obedience, discipline, social skills

6. TYPES OF SOCIAL CHANGE
 1.Civilization change
Eg ; change in food habits, dress, production technologies,
communication system
 2. Cultural change
Eg; its associated with new knowledge, religion, rituals, literature etc.
 3. Change in social relationship
Eg; It is the relationship between the father and son, teacher and
student, husband and wife etc..

7. FACTORS INFLUENCING FOR SOCIAL CHANGE
 • Geographical factors
 • Natural disaster – migration of people, climatic changes
 • Psychological factors
 • Motivation, individualization
 • Sociological factors
 • Every individuals culture, social beliefs, value system, lead social changes. like
fashions, women’s liberation movement and satyagrahas definitely cause lot immense
of social change in diverse directions.

8.  Environmental factors Industrialized and urbanized environment
 Scientific and technological factors Today in the world of technology none
of us live without using mobiles, phones, computers, electricity, radio, t.v,
etc…
 Legislative factors Legislation on temple entry, banning of child marriages
 Contact of people with other countries
 The level of education and literacy attained by the society.

9. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIAL CHANGE AND EDUCATION
 According to V.R.Taneja "Education and social change is a two -
way traffic. While education preserves, transmits and
disseminates the whole culture, social change is the instrument
and precondition of educational thought.

10.  EDUCATION AS A CONDTION FOR SOCIAL CHANGES social change is
impossible without education, it makes the people aware of
inadequacies of existing system. many of the superstitions, believes
outdated customs prevented by education
 EDUCATION AS A INSTRUMENT OF SOCIAL CHANGE education
prepare the people for social change. it will makes to think abilities and
disabilities of existing social system and identifies whether needs
change

11.  EDUCATION AS AN EFFECT OF SOCIAL CHANGE
• The changes caused by various ways naturally demands more education
order to maintain social equilibrium, We can summarize that
• Education initiates the social change and gives them direction and
• Education creates the social reformers and leaders who consciously make
the efforts to bring about social changes.·
 Education prepares the individual for social changes.
• Education determines the nature of social changes, which ought to be
brought about

12. EDUCATIONAL AND SOCIAL CHANGES IN INDIA
 The modern concept of education is of recent origin
 The tradition of education was present from ancient civilization itself but that was
limited to upper casts only.
 Foundation of modern education was laid by the British in our country’
 The educational organization that emerged was divided into primary, high
school and college/ University
 In that period primary education was neglected and higher education was
encouraged

13. ECONOMIC IMPACT ON EDUCATION
 Economic conditions, policies, systems are important external factors that
constitute educational environment in a country
 Income of people and their purchasing power influences that demands for
education
 Education the up of collaboration with foreign universities, exchange of students
and faculty members from one country to another country also influence of
education environment.
 Educational Loan facilities available for students from public sector banks for
higher studies, its also available for educational institutions also’

14.  It find that the dropout of children was increased
 Reason for dropout of children's from school includes
1.high cost of schooling
2.lack of interest in study.
3.they were needed to work and contribute to the family income
 Factors like high level of income, the size of land holdings, non agricultural
occupations and the interest in the education of the son in the family, all
contribute towards the high enrolment and attendance rate and continuation of
study of children
In Indian education system

15. POLITICAL IMPACT ON EDUCATION
 Political environment consist local, regional, national parties.
 Elections are held at different levels in India. The two major election levels are
at national level, after which the national government is established and at
state level after which the state government is established.
 Support of the opposition and supporting political parties become essential
for introducing any new policies or enacting any new laws relating to any
matter.

16.  The problem that we come across on a daily basis and in large
scale is political corruption in the education system.
 The picture of education was changed after independence the
constitution’s directive principles in article45, directed the states to
endeavor to ensure free and compulsory education for all, national
education policy in 1986

17. NATIONAL POLICY ON EDUCATION:
 It was made in 1986 national policy on education is a basic document
for taking steps and planning programs for uplifting of education sector
in India
 Stream lining higher secondary education, common entrance test for
profession education.
 Centralized admission for professional education.
 Reservation policy to follow in educational institutions is decided by the
government.

18.  Medium of instruction in educational institutions is also based on the
education and language policies of the government.
 Some schemes helped to improve education in India includes
 operation Blackboard It was Introduced in 1986, Aim- providing
primary setting with necessary institutional equipment and
instructional material to facilitates education

19.  The Shiksha Karmi Project Introduced in 1987, implemented in
Rajasthan Aim- universalization and qualitative improvement of
primary education in remote and socioeconomically backward
villages in Rajasthan, primary attention to girls

20. RECENTLY INTRODUCED EDUCATION
PROGRAMS
 DISTRICT PRIMARY EDUCATION PROGRAMME (DPEP) The
Centrally-Sponsored Scheme of District Primary Education
Programme (DPEP) was launched in 1994 as a major initiative to
revitalize the primary education system and to achieve the
objective of universalization of primary education.

21.  DPEP • ACHIEVEMENTS
1. DPEP has so far opened more than 1,60,000 new schools, including
84,000 alternative schooling (AS) centers
2. The school infrastructure created under DPEP has been remarkable.
either complete or in progress include 52758 school buildings, 58,604
additional classrooms, 16,619 resource centers, 29,307 repair works,
toilets, and 24,909 drinking water facilities,

22. 3. The enrolment of girls has shown significant improvement
4. Village Education Committees/School Management Committees have been
setup in almost all project villages/habitations/schools,
5. About 1,77,000 teachers, including para-teachers/Shiksha Karmis have been
appointed
6. About 3,380 resource centers at block level and 29,725 centers at cluster level
have been set-up for providing academic support and teacher training facilities.

23. The Mid day Meal Scheme
• It was started in 1995 in an attempt to enhance enrolment,
retention and attendance while simultaneously improving
nutritional levels among children in school.
• It was The largest School feeding Scheme
in the World. It currently covers nearly 12 crore children.

24. Mahila samakhya(1989)
 Education for women's quality
 Creating an environment for women to seek knowledge and
information with a view to bringing about a change in their
perception about themselves and society.

25. SARV SHIKSHA ABHIYAN(SSA).
 The primary objective of this program is to provide required
infrastructures in school for providing basic education to the
children are objective of this program. It was introduced in 2000-
2001 This scheme is framed to provide useful and relevant
elementary education for all children in the age group of six to
fourteen by 2010.

26. PRADHAN MANTHRI ADARSH GRAM YOJANA
 Pradhan Mantri Adarsh Gram Yojana (PMAGY) is a rural development
programme launched by the Central government in India in the financial year
2009–10 for the development of villages having a higher ratio (over 50%) of
people belonging to the scheduled castes through convergence of central and
state schemes and allocating financial funding on a per village basis.
 All these effort showed some positive results, • Statistics shows that now 83% of
villages have a school within the distance of one kilometre and 94% of
population has a school within the distance of one kilometre.

27. TECHNOLOGICAL IMPACT ON EDUCATION
 Technology is a gift of God. After the gift of life it is perhaps the greatest of God's gifts. It is
the mother of civilizations, of arts and of sciences. - Freeman Dyson Technology's Impact on
Education
 Easy access to information
 Greater interest in learning
 Increased retention of information
 Robust information storage
 Better presentation of information
 Teaching made interactive
 Knowledge sharing made easy

28.  Technology is a teaching aid Addressing systems using microphones and
speakers make it possible for teachers to reach a larger number of students
simultaneously
 PowerPoint presentations and animation software can be used to present
information in an interactive way
 Its make increased attention and interest in students

29.  Technology has made student life easy
 Students can use much more than just pen and paper to express
themselves or present what they have learned.
 They can use software to make presentations and projects
 It is easier to carry a ipad or e-book reader than carrying a big fat
book
 It's easier to store information

30.  Computers enable better and more robust storage of information
 Digital libraries require no physical space and students and
teachers sitting in different parts of the world can access the same
library at the same time.
 Compact memory devices have replaced notebooks and a
keyboard and computer mouse are the new writing devices

31.  Information is easily accessible
 The Internet is a huge information base. It can be used as an effective tool
for acquiring knowledge
 All a web user needs to do is to key in queries to search engines
 There are several websites and web directories that offer information on
literally everything in the world all this is just a few click away

32.  Technology has eliminated space and time constraints
 Online education and distance learning have given a new
dimension to education and higher learning. Even if students are
geographically far away from each other, they can be a part of one
classroom
 Many educational institutes offers online programs wherein they
can interact through internet and earn degrees online

33. Current trends in education
 Paedocentric
 Teachers Role
 Activity centered
 Creative education
 Community participation
 More reliance on technology
 Increase acceptance of non-
formal type of education
 Restructuring traditional program
 Increase opportunity for higher
studies
 Methods of appraisal
 Innovation in teaching and
learning
 Educational quality assurance
 Emergence of individual as a
teaching unit
 Commercialization of education
and presence of foreign
universities

34. Paedocentric
 The teaching and learning process is largely directed by the nature and needs of
learner.
 The basic shift is emphasis from the subject of instruction to nature & needs of
learner is based on math etic principle.
 Math tics is the science of behavior of pupil undergoing the process of learning.
 Educationist like Rousseay, Petalozzi, John dewey and others have contributed to
the development of child centered education. Participatory approach of teaching.

35. Teachers role
 Instructional activities with the realization of specific and clear cut the learning
outcomes has inevitably to a reassessment.
 The model of teacher as the pivotal and dominate figure in education, presenting
a variety of information to pupils has practically disappeared.
 Dictator to friend.
 To prepare student for learning by enabling them to actively participate in
teaching learning process rather than simply spoon feeding.
 Creation of environment.

36. Current issues in education
 Discipline and security
 Bilingual education
 Mainstreaming
 Unemployment
 Poverty

37. Trends and Issues in Indian Education
 Elementary education
 Non-formal education
 Universalization of primary education
 Mahila-Samakhya
 Vocational education
 Integrated education for disabled
children’s
 Navodaya Vidyalaya
 Kendriya Vidhyalaya
 University grand commission
 Indira Gandhi National Open University

38. Elementary Education
 Free and compulsory education of satisfactory quality should be provided to all children up to age of 14 yrs.
Target ; 1) Universal Access
2) Universal Retention
3) Universal Achievement
Strategies:
1. Creating parental awareness and community mobilization
2. Involvement of communities
3. Economic incentives
4. Improvement in the content and process of schooling
5. District primary education program me.
6. National program me of nutritional support.

39. Non formal education
 The government of India , Department of education running
since 1979-1980, a programme of NFE for children of age group
who remain out side the formal system due to various reasons.
 Focus of scheme is only educationally backwards status .
 It also covers urban slums, tribal, desert areas.