The document provides an overview of composite materials, detailing their definitions, types (natural and synthetic), and critical structural components. It discusses manufacturing processes such as filament winding, pultrusion, and prepreging, along with applications in aerospace, automotive, and various industries. Additionally, it addresses issues such as delamination, its causes, and impact on composite integrity.

1. COMPOSITES AND IT’S MANUFACTURING
Prepared by : Harsh B Joshi
(M.Tech Production Engineering, 2nd Semester)
Parul Institute of Engineering, Limda

2. PRESENTATION MAP
 WHAT IS COMPOSITE ?
 TYPES OF COMPOSITES
 MANUFACTURING
 DELAMINATION

3. WHAT IS COMPOSITE ?
 Composite material is combination of two or more materials in a
controlled way to get desired geometry and properties.
 Materials may be polymers, metals, ceramics, glass or fibers
depending upon the application and properties required.

4. Natural composites:
These composites are biodegradable,
generally made by using natural fibers like
banana, sugar cane, cotton, silk etc. (wood
and bones are natural composites)
Synthetic composites:
Not biodegradable, but now a days are
mostly used in aerospace and automobile
applications.
MMCs, FRPs, PMCs, CFRCs and many
more

5. WHY COMPOSITES ?
 Engineering applications often require unusual combinations of
properties like aerospace, underwater, and transportation that can’t be
achieved with a single material.
 Lets think about aerospace, which requires strong, stiff and light
material
• most strong, stiff materials are dense and heavy
So ,the solution is in composite materials.

6. Critical parameters of composites
Distribution Concentration Orientation
Shape Size

7. TYPES OF COMPOSITES

8. Fiber Reinforced Composites
Consists of two phases:
1.Fiber phase: Reinforced medium which is covered by matrix.
- whiskers
- fibers
- wires forms of fibers are used.
2.Matrix phase: Outer most medium to protect the fiber from
wear, abrasion and corrosion. Generally, only polymers and metals
are used as matrix material.
Examples of FRC are PMCs, MMCs, CCCs, CMCs etc.

9. Structural composites
Two types of structural composites:
1. Laminar composites (Laminates):
- Wood (Natural)
- Plywood ( Artificial)

10. 2. Sandwich composites :
Structured foams like polyvinylchloride, polyurethane, polyethylene or
polystyrene foams, syntactic foams, metal foams and honeycombs are
commonly used core materials.

11. Manufacturing of composites
 The manufacturing of the composites includes following:
PROCESSING and SHAPING
 There are some manufacturing processes for Composites are listed below:
1. FILAMENT WINDING
2. PULTRUSION
3. PREPREGING

12. Filament Winding
 Fiber tension
 Pattern
 Mandrel material
 speed

13. APPLICATIOS
 Storage tanks, pipelines, vessels,
 Gas cylinders, fishing rods,
 Missile cases,
 aircraft fuselages etc.

14. Pultrusion
 Pull + Extrusion
 Same cross section
 Cutting ( wet and dry)

15. APPLICATIOS
 Solid rods
 Tubing, and long flat sheets
 Simple and constant cross sectional structural sections
 Tool handles for high voltage work

16. . Prepreging

17. APPLICATION AREAS
 Automotive, electrical, electronics,
 Furniture and other structural components,
 Aerospace and ships industries

18. BOING 787

19. DELAMINATION
 Separation of adjacent layers due to weakening of interface layer
between them.
Delamination in laminates

20. Causes of Delamination
(a) Manufacturing Defects
1 .Improper laying of laminate
2 .insufficient curing temperature; pressure and duration of curing
3 . Air pockets and inclusions
(b) Loading Generating Transverse Stresses
(c) Laminate Geometry

21. THANK YOU
For your carefully listening and attention..!