Plasmid vectors are circular, self-replicating DNA molecules found in bacteria cytoplasm that can transfer genes between cells. They are useful for cloning small DNA fragments under 10kb due to their small size and selection strategies. However, plasmids are less useful for cloning large fragments over 10kb. Plasmid vectors for cloning contain an origin of replication for independent replication, selective markers for identifying cells containing the plasmid, and a multiple cloning site to insert DNA fragments.

1. Cloningcloning by bacterial plasmids
PRESENTED BY
BUMBIM NO.20
FAH NO.32

2. Plasmid vectors are double-stranded, circular, self-replicating,
extra-chromosomal DNA molecules.
 Advantages:
• Small, easy to handle
• Straightforward selection strategies
• Useful for cloning small DNA fragments
(< 10kbp)
 Disadvantages:
• Less useful for cloning large DNA
fragments
(> 10kbp)
Plasmid vectors

3. Plasmids are circular DNA
molecules present in the
cytoplasm of the bacteria
Capable of autonomous
replication
Can transfer genes from one
cell to other
Act as vectors in genetic
engineering
Can also present in Yeasts
Plasmid vectors

4. may encode genetic information for properties
1 Resitance to Antibiotics
2 Bacteriocins production
3 Enterotoxin production
4 Enhanced pathogen city
5 Reduced Sensitivity to mutagens
6 Degrade complex organic molecules
Plasmid vectors

5. Plasmid vector for cloning
1.Contains an origin of replication,
allowing for replication independent of
host’s genome.
2.Contains Selective markers: Selection of
cells containing a plasmid
twin antibiotic resistance
blue-white screening
3.Contains a multiple cloning site (MCS)
4.Easy to be isolated from the host cell.

6. Plasmid vectors