Clipper circuits
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
4 likes•456 views
What are circuit clipper? Types of circuit clippers. Unbiased positive clippers. Unbiased negative clippers. Biased series positive clippers. Biased series negative clippers.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Clipper circuit
This document discusses different types of clipper circuits. It defines clipper circuits as circuits used to remove parts of a signal that are above or below a defined reference level. There are two main types of clipper circuits: unbiased and biased. Unbiased clippers include positive and negative clippers, which clip either the positive or negative portions of a signal respectively. Biased clippers add an external bias voltage to adjust the clipping level, and also include positive and negative varieties.
Clippers or limiter .
Clippers are circuits that remove or cut unwanted portions of a waveform. They are used for amplitude limiting and noise elimination. The basic components of a clipping circuit are an ideal diode and resistor. Different types of clippers include series and parallel clippers, which are further classified as unbiased or biased depending on whether an external voltage is applied. Series clippers have the diode in series with the load while parallel clippers place the diode in parallel to the load.
Clipping Circuits
Clipping and clamping circuits use diodes to modify input waveforms. Clipping circuits cut off portions of the waveform that exceed a threshold voltage, while clamping circuits shift the DC level of a waveform up or down. Basic clipping circuits use diodes, resistors, and batteries, with the diode orientation and battery voltage determining if it is a positive or negative clipper. Positive clippers cut off positive portions of the input, while negative clippers cut off negative portions. Clipping can be done in either a series or parallel configuration.
Unbiased Clipper
This document discusses different types of unbiased clippers. It explains that a clipper is a circuit that limits the amplitude of an output wave. There are two main categories of clippers: parallel and series. For unbiased parallel clippers, the input is a sine wave and the diode acts as a half-wave rectifier, either clipping out the positive or negative portion of the wave. Unbiased series clippers also act as half-wave rectifiers, clipping either the positive or negative half of the input sine wave. Graphical representations are provided to illustrate the clipping action.
Clipper circuit
This document presents on different types of clipper circuits. It discusses unbiased positive and negative clipper circuits, as well as biased positive and negative clipper circuits. It provides circuit diagrams to illustrate each type and describes how they work to clip portions of input signals. The document also outlines using Pspice to observe input and output signals of clipper circuits and references sources for more information.
Clipper and clamper
The document discusses different types of clipper and clamper circuits. It describes diode clippers that clip voltages above or below the diode threshold. Biased clippers add a DC source to change the clipping level. Parallel clippers clip voltages that forward bias the diode. Clampers use a diode and capacitor to clamp an AC signal to a specific DC level, either positive or negative. Biased clampers allow adjusting the clamping level with a DC source. The document concludes with references on electronic devices.
Negative shunt clipper
1- NEGATIVE SHUNT CLIPPER
2- Negative Shunt Clipper
-> The negative clipper has allowed to pass the positive half cycle of the input voltage and clipped the negative half cycle completely.
In such a circuit the diode acts as a closed switch for a negative input voltage (i.e. v < o) and as an open switch for a positive input voltage (i.e. v o) the output waveform of the circuit is the same as that of series negative clipper.
3- Negative shunt clipper with bias
-> In negative shunt biased circuit clipping take place during the negative half cycle only when the input voltage (v < v ).
The clipping level can be shifted up or down by varying the bias voltage (—v ). it will be interesting to know that if the polarity of the bias voltage is reversed.
Then the resulting circuits will be as shown in the entire signal below the voltage level vii has been clipped off in the diagram shown in next slide.
EXPERIMENT:- Aim :- to implement negative shunt clipper circuit using diode.
Apparatus required:- Function generator.
Cathode ray oscilloscope.
Bread board.
Hookup wires.
Diodes.
Resistors.
Circuit diagram(In ppt)
Simulated circuit(In ppt)
simulated graph(In ppt)
Observation table(In ppt)
conclusion:- In the negative half cycle of the signal voltage is applied at that time diode is in reverse biased condition.
So we can observe that diode acts as open switch and there is zero voltage appear across rl.
All images are in ppt related to all topics.
THANK YOU
Clipper & Clamper notes by mha physics
Bs Physics 4th Semester
{Phy-203}
Basics of electronics
By: MhaPhyscs
(Govt. Post Graduate College,Skp.)
Recommended
Clipper circuit
This document discusses different types of clipper circuits. It defines clipper circuits as circuits used to remove parts of a signal that are above or below a defined reference level. There are two main types of clipper circuits: unbiased and biased. Unbiased clippers include positive and negative clippers, which clip either the positive or negative portions of a signal respectively. Biased clippers add an external bias voltage to adjust the clipping level, and also include positive and negative varieties.
Clippers or limiter .
Clippers are circuits that remove or cut unwanted portions of a waveform. They are used for amplitude limiting and noise elimination. The basic components of a clipping circuit are an ideal diode and resistor. Different types of clippers include series and parallel clippers, which are further classified as unbiased or biased depending on whether an external voltage is applied. Series clippers have the diode in series with the load while parallel clippers place the diode in parallel to the load.
Clipping Circuits
Clipping and clamping circuits use diodes to modify input waveforms. Clipping circuits cut off portions of the waveform that exceed a threshold voltage, while clamping circuits shift the DC level of a waveform up or down. Basic clipping circuits use diodes, resistors, and batteries, with the diode orientation and battery voltage determining if it is a positive or negative clipper. Positive clippers cut off positive portions of the input, while negative clippers cut off negative portions. Clipping can be done in either a series or parallel configuration.
Unbiased Clipper
This document discusses different types of unbiased clippers. It explains that a clipper is a circuit that limits the amplitude of an output wave. There are two main categories of clippers: parallel and series. For unbiased parallel clippers, the input is a sine wave and the diode acts as a half-wave rectifier, either clipping out the positive or negative portion of the wave. Unbiased series clippers also act as half-wave rectifiers, clipping either the positive or negative half of the input sine wave. Graphical representations are provided to illustrate the clipping action.
Clipper circuit
This document presents on different types of clipper circuits. It discusses unbiased positive and negative clipper circuits, as well as biased positive and negative clipper circuits. It provides circuit diagrams to illustrate each type and describes how they work to clip portions of input signals. The document also outlines using Pspice to observe input and output signals of clipper circuits and references sources for more information.
Clipper and clamper
The document discusses different types of clipper and clamper circuits. It describes diode clippers that clip voltages above or below the diode threshold. Biased clippers add a DC source to change the clipping level. Parallel clippers clip voltages that forward bias the diode. Clampers use a diode and capacitor to clamp an AC signal to a specific DC level, either positive or negative. Biased clampers allow adjusting the clamping level with a DC source. The document concludes with references on electronic devices.
Negative shunt clipper
1- NEGATIVE SHUNT CLIPPER
2- Negative Shunt Clipper
-> The negative clipper has allowed to pass the positive half cycle of the input voltage and clipped the negative half cycle completely.
In such a circuit the diode acts as a closed switch for a negative input voltage (i.e. v < o) and as an open switch for a positive input voltage (i.e. v o) the output waveform of the circuit is the same as that of series negative clipper.
3- Negative shunt clipper with bias
-> In negative shunt biased circuit clipping take place during the negative half cycle only when the input voltage (v < v ).
The clipping level can be shifted up or down by varying the bias voltage (—v ). it will be interesting to know that if the polarity of the bias voltage is reversed.
Then the resulting circuits will be as shown in the entire signal below the voltage level vii has been clipped off in the diagram shown in next slide.
EXPERIMENT:- Aim :- to implement negative shunt clipper circuit using diode.
Apparatus required:- Function generator.
Cathode ray oscilloscope.
Bread board.
Hookup wires.
Diodes.
Resistors.
Circuit diagram(In ppt)
Simulated circuit(In ppt)
simulated graph(In ppt)
Observation table(In ppt)
conclusion:- In the negative half cycle of the signal voltage is applied at that time diode is in reverse biased condition.
So we can observe that diode acts as open switch and there is zero voltage appear across rl.
All images are in ppt related to all topics.
THANK YOU
Clipper & Clamper notes by mha physics
Bs Physics 4th Semester
{Phy-203}
Basics of electronics
By: MhaPhyscs
(Govt. Post Graduate College,Skp.)
Diode Clippers
This document describes different types of clipping circuits, including series, parallel, biased series, and biased parallel clippers. It explains that clippers are used to eliminate amplitude noise or produce new waveforms by removing portions of an input signal above or below a reference level. The document provides details on series and parallel clippers, and includes instructions for simulating a positive shunt clipper circuit using a function generator, diode, resistor, and oscilloscope.
Clipper and clamper circuits
Differentiates between a cliiper circuit and a clamper circuit in both parallel and series connections.
Clipper & Clamper
Clippers and clampers are electronic circuits that shape waveforms. Clippers limit output voltage by clipping portions of the input signal without distortion. Clampers shift the DC level of the output voltage by adding a fixed DC potential. Some key differences are that clippers limit output while clampers shift the DC level. Both have various applications including waveform generation and shaping, signal separation, protection from transients, and as components in television receivers. Clippers clip unwanted portions while clampers add a DC level to maintain black and white reference levels lost during signal processing.
Clpper clamper circuit rev 00
This document provides instructions for experiments on diode clipping and clamping circuits. It describes the basic operation of clipper circuits which remove portions of a waveform above or below certain levels. Positive and negative peak clipper circuits with different reference voltages are presented. The procedure involves applying a sine wave input, observing the output waveform, noting the clipping amplitude, and obtaining transfer characteristics. Clamper circuits add a DC level to AC signals and examples of positive and negative clampers are shown. The procedure specifies connecting the circuits, applying a sine wave input, observing the output waveform and clamping amplitude, and performing the experiments for all circuits.
Vivek vishwakarama ppt
This document discusses different types of clipping and clamping circuits. There are three types of clipping circuits: positive clipper, negative clipper, and biased clipper. A positive clipper removes the positive half of an AC input signal, while a negative clipper removes the negative half. A biased clipper removes a small portion of either the positive or negative half. There are also two types of clamping circuits: positive clamper and negative clamper. A positive clamper pushes a signal upward, while a negative clamper pushes it downward. The document provides details on the circuitry and operation of each type.
Presentation basic
This presentation summarizes different types of clipper circuits. It defines clippers as circuits that can clip off or remove unwanted portions of an input waveform without distorting the rest. The presentation describes series and parallel/shunt clipper circuits, and provides examples of unbiased and biased series and parallel clipper circuits. It explains how different clipper circuits work and lists some applications of clippers such as changing waveform shapes and circuit transient protection.
Clipper and Clamper
A clipper circuit uses diodes to remove parts of the waveform above or below a certain threshold. There are positive and negative clipper circuits that remove the positive or negative half of the input waveform. Biased clippers add a battery to change where the signal is clipped. A combination clipper removes parts of both halves of the input waveform. A clamper circuit adds a DC offset to an AC signal without changing its shape using a diode, capacitor, and resistor. Clampers are used to increase the wavelength of an input wave, such as in audio amplifiers.
Clipper circuits
Clipper circuits are used to remove parts of a signal that are above or below a defined reference level. There are several types of clipper circuits: unbiased positive and negative clippers which clip either the positive or negative portions of a signal, and biased positive and negative clippers which use an external bias voltage to adjust the clipping level. Unbiased clippers cut off either the positive or negative half of the input waveform based on the diode configuration. Biased clippers allow changing the clipping level by adjusting the bias voltage applied in series with the input signal and diode.
Clampers
Clampers are electronic circuits that shift a waveform to a different voltage level without changing its appearance. There are two main types: positive clampers shift the input signal in a positive direction above a reference level, while negative clampers shift it in a negative direction below the reference. Clampers work by using diodes and capacitors to either pass or block portions of the input signal depending on its polarity, resulting in the output being shifted to a different DC level from the input but retaining the same AC waveform. They are commonly used in applications like test equipment, radar, sonar, and television receivers.
Clippers and clampers
Clippers and clampers are diode-based circuits used to modify signal waveforms. Clippers eliminate portions of an input signal to "clip" the waveform, and are used to remove noise or create new waveforms. They come in series and parallel types. Series clippers place the diode in series with the load, and clip voltages that don't forward bias the diode. Parallel clippers take the output across the diode, producing the voltage when it is not conducting. Clampers "clamp" a signal to a different DC level using a capacitor, diode, and resistor. The capacitor stores a reference voltage to set the output level when the diode is non-conducting.
Clamper using semiconductor
This document outlines an experiment to construct and test positive and negative clamper circuits using a PN junction diode. The objectives are to build each clamper circuit, observe the input and output waveforms using an oscilloscope, and study the application of diodes as clampers. Components needed include a diode, power supply, function generator, oscilloscope, probes, and capacitor. Input and output waveforms are plotted for each clamper circuit type.
Clippers AND Clampers
This document describes the theory, circuit diagrams, and experimental procedures for studying clipping and clamping circuits using diodes. Clipping circuits are used to clip off portions of an input waveform above or below certain voltage levels. Clamping circuits add or subtract a DC voltage to a waveform without changing its shape. The document provides details on setting up series and shunt clipping circuits, as well as positive, negative, and double clipping circuits. It also covers positive, negative, and double clamping circuits and how they operate to clamp the input signal at different voltage levels. Procedures for observing input and output waveforms on an oscilloscope are included.
Clipper and clampers
Do Diodes and electronic stuff freaks you out?And what about those clippers and clampers?The details are as follows.
You can learn every concept related to it here.Enjoy clipping :)
Clamper Circuits
This document outlines a lecture on clamper circuits. It begins by defining a clamper circuit as one that fixes either the positive or negative peaks of a signal to a defined value by shifting its DC value. It then discusses the basic components of a clamper circuit including a capacitor, diode and resistor. The document goes on to explain the working of a positive clamper circuit and lists the different types of clamper circuits. It concludes by covering the applications of clamper circuits such as in television receivers and test equipment and signaling that the following lecture will focus on positive and negative clamper circuits specifically.
Chapter2
This document discusses various applications of diodes including load-line analysis, series and parallel configurations, rectifiers, AND/OR gates, clippers, and clampers. It provides details on how diodes are used in each application and circuit diagrams to illustrate their functionality. Key applications covered include half-wave and full-wave rectification, two-diode and bridge rectifier circuits, diode logic gates, series and parallel clipping circuits, and clamping networks.
Clampers and clippers
This document discusses different types of non-linear circuits including clamping circuits, clippers, and peak detectors. Clamping circuits adjust the DC level of a waveform without changing its shape or amplitude. Clippers clip off portions of the input waveform above or below a reference voltage. Peak detectors track the input signal until detecting a peak value, then hold that value to provide voltage memory of the peak. Circuit diagrams and example waveforms are provided to illustrate the operation of these different non-linear circuits.
Diode Clampers
The document discusses clamper circuits, which shift an input signal by an amount defined by an independent voltage source. It describes positive and negative clamper circuits, how they work during positive and negative half cycles, and their aim to add a DC level to an AC voltage. The related experiment is to construct a positive clamper circuit using an AC source, diode, capacitor and load and observe the output waveforms on an oscilloscope.
Clipper and clamper circuits
Clipper and clamper circuits are used to modify signal waveforms. Clipper circuits remove portions of a signal that exceed a reference level, cutting off either positive or negative portions. Clamper circuits shift the entire signal up or down without changing its shape, setting either the positive or negative peak at a desired level. Common circuit types include positive and negative clippers and clampers, which use diodes and capacitors to clip or shift the signal in a particular direction relative to the reference level.
Presentation on clippers and clampers
This document discusses op-amp clipper circuits. It begins by introducing op-amps and their applications. It then defines a clipper as a circuit that prevents an output from exceeding a voltage level without distorting the waveform. The document discusses positive and negative clipper circuits using op-amps and diodes. It provides examples of clipped waveforms and describes applications of clipper circuits such as protecting radio transmitters and integrated circuits.
Diode clipper-and-clampers-lecture
This document describes four different diode clipper circuits and three diode clamper circuits. The clipper circuits use diodes to clip portions of an input waveform, resulting in outputs that swing within narrowed positive and negative voltage ranges. The clamper circuits use diodes to set a reference voltage level, causing the output to oscillate symmetrically around this clamped level. Key aspects covered include how the diodes bias in different circuit configurations and the voltage ranges of the output waveforms for each circuit.
Clipper Circuit.pptx
Clipper circuits use diodes to clip portions of input signal waveforms without distorting the remaining parts. There are both unbiased and biased clipper circuits that can either positively or negatively clip signal levels. Common clipper circuit configurations include unbiased series positive and negative, unbiased shunt positive and negative, and biased series and shunt positive and negative clippers.
Design a clipper and clamping circuit & study the output wave shapes.
This document discusses different types of clipping and clamping circuits. It describes clipper circuits which remove parts of the input waveform, either the positive or negative portions. Positive clippers remove the positive half cycles, while negative clippers remove the negative half cycles. Biased clippers add a battery to make the diode conduct during only one polarity of the input signal. Clamper circuits add a DC offset to the input waveform without changing its shape. Positive clampers double the wavelength on the positive side, while negative clampers double the negative side. The purpose of these circuits is to protect downstream components from voltages that are too high or low.
More Related Content
What's hot
Diode Clippers
This document describes different types of clipping circuits, including series, parallel, biased series, and biased parallel clippers. It explains that clippers are used to eliminate amplitude noise or produce new waveforms by removing portions of an input signal above or below a reference level. The document provides details on series and parallel clippers, and includes instructions for simulating a positive shunt clipper circuit using a function generator, diode, resistor, and oscilloscope.
Clipper and clamper circuits
Differentiates between a cliiper circuit and a clamper circuit in both parallel and series connections.
Clipper & Clamper
Clippers and clampers are electronic circuits that shape waveforms. Clippers limit output voltage by clipping portions of the input signal without distortion. Clampers shift the DC level of the output voltage by adding a fixed DC potential. Some key differences are that clippers limit output while clampers shift the DC level. Both have various applications including waveform generation and shaping, signal separation, protection from transients, and as components in television receivers. Clippers clip unwanted portions while clampers add a DC level to maintain black and white reference levels lost during signal processing.
Clpper clamper circuit rev 00
This document provides instructions for experiments on diode clipping and clamping circuits. It describes the basic operation of clipper circuits which remove portions of a waveform above or below certain levels. Positive and negative peak clipper circuits with different reference voltages are presented. The procedure involves applying a sine wave input, observing the output waveform, noting the clipping amplitude, and obtaining transfer characteristics. Clamper circuits add a DC level to AC signals and examples of positive and negative clampers are shown. The procedure specifies connecting the circuits, applying a sine wave input, observing the output waveform and clamping amplitude, and performing the experiments for all circuits.
Vivek vishwakarama ppt
This document discusses different types of clipping and clamping circuits. There are three types of clipping circuits: positive clipper, negative clipper, and biased clipper. A positive clipper removes the positive half of an AC input signal, while a negative clipper removes the negative half. A biased clipper removes a small portion of either the positive or negative half. There are also two types of clamping circuits: positive clamper and negative clamper. A positive clamper pushes a signal upward, while a negative clamper pushes it downward. The document provides details on the circuitry and operation of each type.
Presentation basic
This presentation summarizes different types of clipper circuits. It defines clippers as circuits that can clip off or remove unwanted portions of an input waveform without distorting the rest. The presentation describes series and parallel/shunt clipper circuits, and provides examples of unbiased and biased series and parallel clipper circuits. It explains how different clipper circuits work and lists some applications of clippers such as changing waveform shapes and circuit transient protection.
Clipper and Clamper
A clipper circuit uses diodes to remove parts of the waveform above or below a certain threshold. There are positive and negative clipper circuits that remove the positive or negative half of the input waveform. Biased clippers add a battery to change where the signal is clipped. A combination clipper removes parts of both halves of the input waveform. A clamper circuit adds a DC offset to an AC signal without changing its shape using a diode, capacitor, and resistor. Clampers are used to increase the wavelength of an input wave, such as in audio amplifiers.
Clipper circuits
Clipper circuits are used to remove parts of a signal that are above or below a defined reference level. There are several types of clipper circuits: unbiased positive and negative clippers which clip either the positive or negative portions of a signal, and biased positive and negative clippers which use an external bias voltage to adjust the clipping level. Unbiased clippers cut off either the positive or negative half of the input waveform based on the diode configuration. Biased clippers allow changing the clipping level by adjusting the bias voltage applied in series with the input signal and diode.
Clampers
Clampers are electronic circuits that shift a waveform to a different voltage level without changing its appearance. There are two main types: positive clampers shift the input signal in a positive direction above a reference level, while negative clampers shift it in a negative direction below the reference. Clampers work by using diodes and capacitors to either pass or block portions of the input signal depending on its polarity, resulting in the output being shifted to a different DC level from the input but retaining the same AC waveform. They are commonly used in applications like test equipment, radar, sonar, and television receivers.
Clippers and clampers
Clippers and clampers are diode-based circuits used to modify signal waveforms. Clippers eliminate portions of an input signal to "clip" the waveform, and are used to remove noise or create new waveforms. They come in series and parallel types. Series clippers place the diode in series with the load, and clip voltages that don't forward bias the diode. Parallel clippers take the output across the diode, producing the voltage when it is not conducting. Clampers "clamp" a signal to a different DC level using a capacitor, diode, and resistor. The capacitor stores a reference voltage to set the output level when the diode is non-conducting.
Clamper using semiconductor
This document outlines an experiment to construct and test positive and negative clamper circuits using a PN junction diode. The objectives are to build each clamper circuit, observe the input and output waveforms using an oscilloscope, and study the application of diodes as clampers. Components needed include a diode, power supply, function generator, oscilloscope, probes, and capacitor. Input and output waveforms are plotted for each clamper circuit type.
Clippers AND Clampers
This document describes the theory, circuit diagrams, and experimental procedures for studying clipping and clamping circuits using diodes. Clipping circuits are used to clip off portions of an input waveform above or below certain voltage levels. Clamping circuits add or subtract a DC voltage to a waveform without changing its shape. The document provides details on setting up series and shunt clipping circuits, as well as positive, negative, and double clipping circuits. It also covers positive, negative, and double clamping circuits and how they operate to clamp the input signal at different voltage levels. Procedures for observing input and output waveforms on an oscilloscope are included.
Clipper and clampers
Do Diodes and electronic stuff freaks you out?And what about those clippers and clampers?The details are as follows.
You can learn every concept related to it here.Enjoy clipping :)
Clamper Circuits
This document outlines a lecture on clamper circuits. It begins by defining a clamper circuit as one that fixes either the positive or negative peaks of a signal to a defined value by shifting its DC value. It then discusses the basic components of a clamper circuit including a capacitor, diode and resistor. The document goes on to explain the working of a positive clamper circuit and lists the different types of clamper circuits. It concludes by covering the applications of clamper circuits such as in television receivers and test equipment and signaling that the following lecture will focus on positive and negative clamper circuits specifically.
Chapter2
This document discusses various applications of diodes including load-line analysis, series and parallel configurations, rectifiers, AND/OR gates, clippers, and clampers. It provides details on how diodes are used in each application and circuit diagrams to illustrate their functionality. Key applications covered include half-wave and full-wave rectification, two-diode and bridge rectifier circuits, diode logic gates, series and parallel clipping circuits, and clamping networks.
Clampers and clippers
This document discusses different types of non-linear circuits including clamping circuits, clippers, and peak detectors. Clamping circuits adjust the DC level of a waveform without changing its shape or amplitude. Clippers clip off portions of the input waveform above or below a reference voltage. Peak detectors track the input signal until detecting a peak value, then hold that value to provide voltage memory of the peak. Circuit diagrams and example waveforms are provided to illustrate the operation of these different non-linear circuits.
Diode Clampers
The document discusses clamper circuits, which shift an input signal by an amount defined by an independent voltage source. It describes positive and negative clamper circuits, how they work during positive and negative half cycles, and their aim to add a DC level to an AC voltage. The related experiment is to construct a positive clamper circuit using an AC source, diode, capacitor and load and observe the output waveforms on an oscilloscope.
Clipper and clamper circuits
Clipper and clamper circuits are used to modify signal waveforms. Clipper circuits remove portions of a signal that exceed a reference level, cutting off either positive or negative portions. Clamper circuits shift the entire signal up or down without changing its shape, setting either the positive or negative peak at a desired level. Common circuit types include positive and negative clippers and clampers, which use diodes and capacitors to clip or shift the signal in a particular direction relative to the reference level.
Presentation on clippers and clampers
This document discusses op-amp clipper circuits. It begins by introducing op-amps and their applications. It then defines a clipper as a circuit that prevents an output from exceeding a voltage level without distorting the waveform. The document discusses positive and negative clipper circuits using op-amps and diodes. It provides examples of clipped waveforms and describes applications of clipper circuits such as protecting radio transmitters and integrated circuits.
Diode clipper-and-clampers-lecture
This document describes four different diode clipper circuits and three diode clamper circuits. The clipper circuits use diodes to clip portions of an input waveform, resulting in outputs that swing within narrowed positive and negative voltage ranges. The clamper circuits use diodes to set a reference voltage level, causing the output to oscillate symmetrically around this clamped level. Key aspects covered include how the diodes bias in different circuit configurations and the voltage ranges of the output waveforms for each circuit.
What's hot (20)
Similar to Clipper circuits
Clipper Circuit.pptx
Clipper circuits use diodes to clip portions of input signal waveforms without distorting the remaining parts. There are both unbiased and biased clipper circuits that can either positively or negatively clip signal levels. Common clipper circuit configurations include unbiased series positive and negative, unbiased shunt positive and negative, and biased series and shunt positive and negative clippers.
Design a clipper and clamping circuit & study the output wave shapes.
This document discusses different types of clipping and clamping circuits. It describes clipper circuits which remove parts of the input waveform, either the positive or negative portions. Positive clippers remove the positive half cycles, while negative clippers remove the negative half cycles. Biased clippers add a battery to make the diode conduct during only one polarity of the input signal. Clamper circuits add a DC offset to the input waveform without changing its shape. Positive clampers double the wavelength on the positive side, while negative clampers double the negative side. The purpose of these circuits is to protect downstream components from voltages that are too high or low.
clipping and clamping.pdf
Wave shaping circuits modify the shape of a waveform by passing it through either linear or non-linear elements. There are two main types: linear circuits which change amplitude and phase but not shape, and non-linear circuits which use elements like diodes to modify shape. Common non-linear wave shaping circuits are clippers and clampers. Clippers cut off portions of the waveform above or below certain thresholds, while clampers shift the entire waveform up or down without changing its shape. Both have applications in signal processing and protection of electronic components.
Commutation Circuits[Autosaved].ppt
Commutation is the process of turning off a conducting thyristor. There are two types of commutation: voltage commutation, which involves making the anode negative with respect to the cathode, and current commutation, which reduces the anode current below the holding current value. For successful commutation, the reverse voltage or low anode current condition must be maintained for at least the thyristor turn-off time to prevent it from conducting again without a gate signal. Commutation techniques can be classified as natural commutation, which occurs during the negative half cycle of an AC supply, or forced commutation, which requires an external commutation circuit when using DC.
Silicon controlled rectifier
The document discusses the silicon controlled rectifier (SCR), which is a thyristor used to control high voltages compared to transistors. It has a four-layer PNPN semiconductor structure with anode, cathode, and gate terminals. The SCR was developed in 1956 and can handle large power levels. It is used for applications like AC voltage stabilization, switching, inverters, power control, battery charging, and motor speed control due to advantages like high voltage/current handling and simple triggering. However, it can only control power during half cycles of AC and not at high frequencies.
Thyristors.pptx
This document provides an overview of thyristors, including:
1) Thyristors are four-layer semiconductor devices that can handle high currents and voltages with low control power. Common types include SCRs, triacs, and GTOs.
2) Compared to transistors, thyristors have lower conduction losses and higher power handling but worse switching performance.
3) Thyristors operate in forward blocking, forward conducting, or reverse blocking modes depending on voltage polarity. They can be turned on through various methods including gate triggering.
Rc circuits and its transient response
An RC circuit consists of a resistor and capacitor connected in series. When charged, a capacitor will discharge through the resistor over time. A resistor controls the rate of charging and discharging, with higher resistance leading to slower charging. RC circuits can be used as filters, with high-pass filters passing higher frequencies and low-pass filters passing lower frequencies. The transient response of an RC circuit depends on the relative time constant and input signal period, resulting in either a triangular output for an integrator or spiked output for a differentiator.
SCR COMMUTATION PART 2
This document discusses different types of commutation for turning off SCRs (thyristors). It describes Class A commutation which uses a resonant load to achieve zero voltage turn-off, Class B which uses self-commutation via the intrinsic timing of the SCR, and Class C which uses one SCR to turn off another. Class D uses an auxiliary SCR to apply reverse voltage commutation across the main SCR. Class E applies a reverse voltage pulse and Class F utilizes the negative half of an AC cycle for natural commutation without extra circuitry. In summary, the document outlines six common classes of commutation techniques for turning off SCRs either through reducing current or applying a reverse voltage.
Types of snubber circuits | Design of snubber for flyback converter | Simulat...
Types of snubber circuits | Design of snubber for flyback converter | Simulation of flyback converter in Matlab simulink
Clipper.pptx
This document discusses different types of clipping circuits. There are two main types of clippers: series clippers and shunt clippers. Series clippers have the diode and resistor connected in series with the input signal, while shunt clippers have them connected in parallel. Both can clip either the positive or negative half of the input waveform. Clippers prevent signals from exceeding a reference voltage level and are used to shape waveforms, in power supplies, and to remove ripples in FM transmitters. They provide overvoltage protection but can also clip transmitted data values outside the circuit's range.
Clipper.pptx
This document discusses different types of clipping circuits. There are two main types of clippers: series clippers and shunt clippers. Series clippers have the diode and resistor connected in series with the input signal, while shunt clippers have them connected in parallel. Both can clip either the positive or negative half of the input waveform. Clippers prevent signals from exceeding a reference voltage level and are used to shape waveforms, in power supplies, and to remove ripples in FM transmitters. They provide overvoltage protection but can also clip transmitted data values outside the circuit's range.
Clippers circuits
This document describes different types of clipping circuits that AbdulWahab Raza experimented with for his class assignment. It discusses positive, negative, positive-biased, and negative-biased clipper circuits. For each circuit, it explains the circuit components used and describes the resulting waveform observed on an oscilloscope. The circuits are designed to reduce or remove portions of an alternating current waveform in either the positive or negative cycle.
Oscillators
Oscillators produce a continuous output waveform using only a DC input voltage. There are several types of oscillators that produce either sinusoidal or non-sinusoidal outputs depending on the circuit design. Oscillators require positive feedback and conditions where the feedback gain is at least unity and the total phase shift around the feedback loop is zero degrees in order to sustain oscillations. Common oscillator circuits discussed in the document include RC oscillators, crystal oscillators, and LC oscillators such as the Colpitts and Hartley oscillators.
Silicon control rectifier
The document discusses silicon controlled rectifiers (SCRs), which are four-layer semiconductor devices containing three PN junctions. SCRs can be switched on and off rapidly to control the delivery of power to a load. Unlike a diode, an SCR can be made to operate as either an open circuit or conducting rectifier depending on gate triggering. The SCR consists of alternating P-type and N-type layers with three junctions (J1, J2, J3). Applying a positive voltage to the gate terminal forward biases J3, allowing current to flow and triggering the SCR into its conducting on state. Common applications of SCRs include rectification, power supplies, static switches, motor speed controls
Dual and cyclo converter
A brief knowledge for the two converter topology. both are the converters, but one changes AC TO DC and Back to AC , another only changes frequency.
1-ф to 1-ф Cycloconverter ppt
Cycloconverters are used to convert AC power directly to AC power of variable magnitude and frequency. They have four main advantages over conventional AC to DC to AC conversion: they do not require an intermediate DC link, allow bidirectional power flow, can produce high quality sine waves at low frequencies without filters, and are line commutated without a separate commutation circuit. Cycloconverters are commonly used to drive large induction and synchronous motors at frequencies from 0-20Hz, such as in cement mill, ship propulsion, rolling mill, and mine applications. However, they have disadvantages of not allowing smooth stepless frequency control, producing more distortion at low frequencies, and having a more complex control circuit design.
guidewire.pptx APPLICATION
Guiding catheters are essential tools for PCI that provide support and allow delivery of devices to the coronary arteries. Selection involves considering factors like coronary anatomy, access site, and the procedure. The document discusses various catheter types including Judkins, Amplatz and extra support catheters. It also reviews tips for radial access PCI and techniques like using guide extensions or anchor balloons to support radial catheters. Proper catheter selection is important for achieving coaxial engagement and performing complex PCI procedures successfully.
Linear measurement
Linear measurement systems in instrumentation and control, vernier calipers, linear displacement transducers,
lecture_5_thyristorshjjjjjkjkkkmmmmmmmmmmm
Thyristors are four-layer pnpn power semiconductor devices that switch between conducting and nonconducting states in response to a control signal. They are used in timing circuits, AC motor speed control and switching circuits. Thyristors have lower on-state conduction losses and higher power handling capability compared to transistors, but worse switching performances. Common thyristor devices include SCRs, SCSs, triacs, diacs, PUTs, and GTOs. Thyristors can be turned on through forward voltage triggering, gate triggering, dv/dt triggering, temperature triggering, or light triggering, with gate triggering being the most common method.
Similar to Clipper circuits (20)
Design a clipper and clamping circuit & study the output wave shapes.
Design a clipper and clamping circuit & study the output wave shapes.
PN junction diode brief explanation and pictures and slide shows type
PN junction diode brief explanation and pictures and slide shows type
Types of snubber circuits | Design of snubber for flyback converter | Simulat...
Types of snubber circuits | Design of snubber for flyback converter | Simulat...
More from university of Gujrat, pakistan
Change management
change management
What is change management in Professional Practice
3 Types of Organizational Change
Models of change management
Steps in the Change Management Process
The Seven R’s of Change Management
Some Roles for change management
Change Control in project management
Essential Steps for an Effective Change Management Process
Latest Trends in Digital Marketing
The document discusses latest trends in digital marketing that businesses cannot ignore in 2020. Some key trends discussed include increased use of artificial intelligence for personalization, automation, and content creation; growth of programmatic advertising using AI; use of chatbots for customer service; rise of video marketing given its impact on engagement and conversions; popularity of social media apps and stories for constant engagement; and opportunity of all these digital channels for increased brand awareness, traffic, and reaching new audiences.
Dark web (2)
What is Dark Web ?
How big is the Dark Web?
Why Search Engine can’t find them ?
How do you access the Dark Web ?
Tor Browser
What can be seen in the Dark Web ?
Good side of Dark Web
Users
Safety Precautions
Code of ethics and professional conduct (1)
This document outlines a code of ethics and professional conduct for project managers. It includes 4 core values: responsibility, respect, fairness, and honesty. For each value, it lists mandatory standards that are firm requirements and aspirational standards that project managers should strive to uphold. The mandatory standards establish rules around issues like reporting unethical conduct, avoiding conflicts of interest and discrimination. The aspirational standards encourage behaviors like keeping promises, treating people with respect, and making decisions transparently and impartially.
Certification accreditation and licensure (1)
This document discusses certification, accreditation, and licensure. It defines certification as a process by which a non-governmental organization recognizes an individual who has met predetermined qualifications. It provides examples of professional certifications in IT. Accreditation is defined as official recognition by a recognized body that standards are met. Licensure involves permission from a governmental agency to practice a profession. Examples of accreditation bodies and licenses are also given.
biggest technology trends
biggest technology trends
Artificial Intelligence
Data Science
Internet of Things
Nanotechnology
Robotic Process Automation (RPA)
Virtual Reality
Edge Computing
Intelligent apps
More Technology Trends
Freedom of information (1)
FREEDOM OF INFORMATION
WHAT ARE RIGHTS?
HISTORY OF FOI IN THE WORLD
CHRONOLOGY OF FOI IN PAKISTAN
FOI LEGISLATIONS IN PAKISTAN
FOI LAWS
BENEFITS OF FOI
LIMITATIONS OF FOI
APPEAL PROCESS
REFERENCES
Individual cognition ppt (1)
Individual cognition
Stages of cognitive process
Piaget's theory of cognitive development
What Causes a Cognitive Disorder
Top 10 highest (1)
Top 10 Highest paying IT Certifications
cyber security
cloud computing
project management
devops
database
digital marketing
networking
programming
big data
machine learning and AI
creativity and imagination
Creativity involves imagining or inventing something new through flexible and original thinking. It brings new products, processes, or ideas into existence. The creative process evolves ideas through preparation, incubation, illumination, and verification stages. Preparation involves investigating problems, incubation allows unconscious thought, illumination sparks insights, and verification implements and tests ideas. Creativity relies on imagination, which can envision nonexistent objects and fill knowledge gaps, while creativity produces tangible outcomes. Imagination types include effectuative, intellectual, fantasy, empathy, strategic, emotional, dreams, and memory reconstruction.
Brainstorming 078 (1)
The presentation discusses brainstorming, which involves generating new ideas and solving problems in groups or individually. It describes types of brainstorming like group, individual, and structured brainstorming. Methods covered include rapid ideation, mind mapping, and star bursting. The steps to brainstorming are defined as defining the problem, facilitating, generating ideas, refining ideas, prioritizing, analyzing, agreeing on action, and following up. The rules of brainstorming encourage participation, open discussion, deferring criticism, focusing on quantity over quality, and recording all ideas. Benefits include new perspectives while pitfalls include time consumption and utopian ideas. Free brainstorming apps and tools are presented.
speeh-artificial intelligemce
speed artificial intelligence
Speech (definition & types)
Artificial intelligence (definition & its types)
Speech-Artificial Intelligence (Definition)
Types of Recognition
Working of Speech recognition
Techniques Involved In speech Recognition
Speech recognition software's
Guideline to start future.
Future of Artificial Intelligence
References
Pp dealing with problem complexity (1)
The document discusses various aspects of problem solving including:
1) The problem solving process involves discovering the problem, understanding it, brainstorming solutions, choosing a strategy, and implementing a solution.
2) When defining the problem, one should consider its importance, urgency, assumptions and extract the key parts of the challenge.
3) Brainstorming involves generating ideas without criticism in groups or individually, with the goal of producing many solutions.
4) After considering options, the best solution is chosen that offers a "win-win" and is then implemented, considering how it can be successfully deployed over time.
5) It is important to anticipate potential issues with solutions and take a comprehensive view to increase success
Motivation
Motivation
. Definition
2. Motivation and Motives
3. Types of Motivation
3.1 . Internal Motivation
3.2. External Motivation
How Stay Motivated
Conclusion
Vision of artificial intelligence (1)
vision of artificial intelligence
Introduction
Application
Computer Vision
Recognition
Motion Analysis
Scene Reconstruction
Image Restoration
Computer Vision method
Entrepreneurship (1)
The document defines entrepreneurship and discusses different types of entrepreneurs. It outlines 10 qualities of a good entrepreneur, including being a dreamer, decisive, dedicated, and able to handle details. The types of entrepreneurship discussed are small business, scalable startups, large companies, and social entrepreneurship. Characteristics of entrepreneurs include taking risks, having vision and leadership, and being innovative and flexible. The importance of entrepreneurship is also summarized, such as creating jobs, driving innovation, and supporting economic and community development. Finally, some common barriers to entrepreneurship are mentioned, like lack of capital, market knowledge, or business skills.
Role of professional societies
Professional societies are non-profit organizations dedicated to advancing their respective professions. They support interdisciplinary research and initiatives in several ways: by publishing interdisciplinary journals, hosting workshops on emerging topics, and organizing interdisciplinary society panels. They also provide awards and recognition for interdisciplinary work. At their meetings, professional societies can devise strategies to promote interdisciplinary collaboration, such as forming alliances between disciplines. While their primary role is not direct institutional support, professional societies still influence practices and norms around interdisciplinary research.
Dealing with culticultural environment (1)
The document discusses how to effectively deal with a multicultural work environment. It defines a multicultural environment as one with members from various countries and cultures who speak different languages. Some key tips provided for managing a multicultural team include overcoming language and cultural barriers, considering different communication styles, planning projects around different time zones, allowing preparation time as needed, being open to diverse cultures, organizing cross-cultural training, and providing honest feedback.
Dealing with problem complexity (1)
The document outlines six steps to deal with complex problems: 1) Know your motives and acknowledge the complexity, 2) Define the problem, 3) Go deeper into the underlying issues, 4) Decompose the problem into smaller components and involve others, 5) Generate and evaluate potential solutions, and 6) Implement plans, check results, and be ready to address new complexities. It emphasizes moving from control to influence, plan to learn, and predict to understand complex issues. The process involves questioning assumptions, analyzing root causes, simplifying problems, considering multiple perspectives, and being willing to try new approaches.
cyber security and cyber crime
This document discusses cyber crime, cyber laws, and cyber security professionals. It defines cyber crime as illegal activities conducted online and lists 10 common types. It outlines some key cyber laws in Pakistan like the Electronic Crime Bill 2007 and Prevention of Electronic Crime Act 2016. The document defines cyber security professionals as those who secure information systems by monitoring for risks, attacks, and vulnerabilities and closing security gaps. Their roles include maintaining security tools, auditing policies, and implementing new technology. Some key skills needed are knowledge of operating systems, networking, security tools like Metasploit and Nmap, and programming languages.
More from university of Gujrat, pakistan (20)
Recently uploaded
BREEDING METHODS FOR DISEASE RESISTANCE.pptx
Plant breeding for disease resistance is a strategy to reduce crop losses caused by disease. Plants have an innate immune system that allows them to recognize pathogens and provide resistance. However, breeding for long-lasting resistance often involves combining multiple resistance genes
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions
among stars.
Aims. In this paper we present the Extended Westerlund 1 and 2 Open Clusters Survey (EWOCS) project, which aims to investigate
the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars.
The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun.
Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
the Chandra survey of Westerlund 1 consists of 36 new ACIS-I observations, nearly co-pointed, for a total exposure time of 1 Msec.
Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within
and around Westerlund 1. Sources were detected by combining various existing methods, and photon extraction and source validation
were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software.
Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a
photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2
s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known
massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
Shallowest Oil Discovery of Turkiye.pptx
The Petroleum System of the Çukurova Field - the Shallowest Oil Discovery of Türkiye, Adana
Phenomics assisted breeding in crop improvement
As the population is increasing and will reach about 9 billion upto 2050. Also due to climate change, it is difficult to meet the food requirement of such a large population. Facing the challenges presented by resource shortages, climate
change, and increasing global population, crop yield and quality need to be improved in a sustainable way over the coming decades. Genetic improvement by breeding is the best way to increase crop productivity. With the rapid progression of functional
genomics, an increasing number of crop genomes have been sequenced and dozens of genes influencing key agronomic traits have been identified. However, current genome sequence information has not been adequately exploited for understanding
the complex characteristics of multiple gene, owing to a lack of crop phenotypic data. Efficient, automatic, and accurate technologies and platforms that can capture phenotypic data that can
be linked to genomics information for crop improvement at all growth stages have become as important as genotyping. Thus,
high-throughput phenotyping has become the major bottleneck restricting crop breeding. Plant phenomics has been defined as the high-throughput, accurate acquisition and analysis of multi-dimensional phenotypes
during crop growing stages at the organism level, including the cell, tissue, organ, individual plant, plot, and field levels. With the rapid development of novel sensors, imaging technology,
and analysis methods, numerous infrastructure platforms have been developed for phenotyping.
Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intellige...
Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intellige...University of Maribor
Slides from talk:
Aleš Zamuda: Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intelligent Systems.
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/Nucleic Acid-its structural and functional complexity.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
ANAMOLOUS SECONDARY GROWTH IN DICOT ROOTS.pptx
Abnormal or anomalous secondary growth in plants. It defines secondary growth as an increase in plant girth due to vascular cambium or cork cambium. Anomalous secondary growth does not follow the normal pattern of a single vascular cambium producing xylem internally and phloem externally.
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
原版制作(carleton毕业证书)卡尔顿大学毕业证硕士文凭原版一模一样
原版纸张【微信：741003700 】【(carleton毕业证书)卡尔顿大学毕业证】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.
What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
8.Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures.pdf
Isolation of pure culture, its various method.
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptx
Although Artemia has been known to man for centuries, its use as a food for the culture of larval organisms apparently began only in the 1930s, when several investigators found that it made an excellent food for newly hatched fish larvae (Litvinenko et al., 2023). As aquaculture developed in the 1960s and ‘70s, the use of Artemia also became more widespread, due both to its convenience and to its nutritional value for larval organisms (Arenas-Pardo et al., 2024). The fact that Artemia dormant cysts can be stored for long periods in cans, and then used as an off-the-shelf food requiring only 24 h of incubation makes them the most convenient, least labor-intensive, live food available for aquaculture (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021). The nutritional value of Artemia, especially for marine organisms, is not constant, but varies both geographically and temporally. During the last decade, however, both the causes of Artemia nutritional variability and methods to improve poorquality Artemia have been identified (Loufi et al., 2024).
Brine shrimp (Artemia spp.) are used in marine aquaculture worldwide. Annually, more than 2,000 metric tons of dry cysts are used for cultivation of fish, crustacean, and shellfish larva. Brine shrimp are important to aquaculture because newly hatched brine shrimp nauplii (larvae) provide a food source for many fish fry (Mozanzadeh et al., 2021). Culture and harvesting of brine shrimp eggs represents another aspect of the aquaculture industry. Nauplii and metanauplii of Artemia, commonly known as brine shrimp, play a crucial role in aquaculture due to their nutritional value and suitability as live feed for many aquatic species, particularly in larval stages (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021).
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...University of Maribor
Slides from:
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Track: Artificial Intelligence
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/SAR of Medicinal Chemistry 1st by dk.pdf
In this presentation include the prototype drug SAR on thus or with their examples .
Syllabus of Second Year B. Pharmacy
2019 PATTERN.
DERIVATION OF MODIFIED BERNOULLI EQUATION WITH VISCOUS EFFECTS AND TERMINAL V...
In this book, we use conservation of energy techniques on a fluid element to derive the Modified Bernoulli equation of flow with viscous or friction effects. We derive the general equation of flow/ velocity and then from this we derive the Pouiselle flow equation, the transition flow equation and the turbulent flow equation. In the situations where there are no viscous effects , the equation reduces to the Bernoulli equation. From experimental results, we are able to include other terms in the Bernoulli equation. We also look at cases where pressure gradients exist. We use the Modified Bernoulli equation to derive equations of flow rate for pipes of different cross sectional areas connected together. We also extend our techniques of energy conservation to a sphere falling in a viscous medium under the effect of gravity. We demonstrate Stokes equation of terminal velocity and turbulent flow equation. We look at a way of calculating the time taken for a body to fall in a viscous medium. We also look at the general equation of terminal velocity.
Recently uploaded (20)
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...
aziz sancar nobel prize winner: from mardin to nobel
aziz sancar nobel prize winner: from mardin to nobel
Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intellige...
Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intellige...
Nucleic Acid-its structural and functional complexity.
Nucleic Acid-its structural and functional complexity.
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.
8.Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures.pdf
8.Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures.pdf
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptx
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptx
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...
DERIVATION OF MODIFIED BERNOULLI EQUATION WITH VISCOUS EFFECTS AND TERMINAL V...
DERIVATION OF MODIFIED BERNOULLI EQUATION WITH VISCOUS EFFECTS AND TERMINAL V...
Clipper circuits
- 2. Index • What are circuit clipper? • Types of circuit clippers. • Unbiased positive clippers. • Unbiased negative clippers. • Biased series positive clippers. • Biased series negative clippers.
- 3. Clipper Circuits • A circuit which cutoff voltage above or below are both at specified level is called clipper. • One of the simples example of clipper circuit is Half-wave-rectifier • Clipper circuits also known as limiters, Amplitude selectors or Slicers
- 4. Types of Clipper Circuits
- 5. Note In all explanation diode will be consider as ideal.
- 6. Unbiased positive clipper • In positive unbiased Clipper , Positive portion of sine wave clipped out and we got only negative portion of sine wave.
- 7. Unbiased negative clipper • In unbiased negative clipper, negative portion of sine wave is clipped out
- 8. Biased negative clipper • When a small portion of the negative half cycle is to be removed, it is called a biased negative clipper.