The document discusses the classification of plants and animals, explaining that scientists group similar organisms based on shared features in a hierarchical system including kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species. It provides details on the five kingdoms - animals, plants, bacteria, fungi and protists - and describes the key characteristics used to classify animals such as vertebrates and invertebrates, and plants such as vascular and nonvascular.

1. C las s ification of P lants and
Anim als
S cie nce S tu d y G u id e

2. Wh at is clas s ification?
• Th e p roce s s of grou p ing s im ilar th ings
toge th e r.

3. H ow is it u s e fu l to s cie ntis ts ?
• H e lp s clas s ify p lants
and anim als in
m anage ab le way.
• G rou p ing living th ings
b y s im ilaritie s and
d iffe re nce s .

4. H ow d o you clas s ify organis m s ?
• Kingd om
• P h yla
• C las s
• O rd e r
• F am ily
• G e nu s
• S p e cie s
Remember: Kids Prefer Candy Over Fancy Green Salads

5. H ow d o s cie ntis ts grou p
organis m s ?
• G rou p ing organis m s
b y fe atu re s th e y
s h are .
• S h ap e
• S ize
• Bod y p arts
• C olor

6. Wh at are th e five kingd om s of living
th ings ?
• Anim als
• P lants
• Bacte ria
• F u ngi
• P rotis ts

7. Wh at is th e m ain d iffe re nce
b e twe e n m e m b e rs of th e p lant
kingd om and m e m b e rs of anim al
kingd om ?
• P lants m ake th e ir own food
• Anim als e at oth e r living th ings

8. Wh at are th e ch aracte ris tics of
living th ings ?
• Bre ath (oxyge n or carb on d ioxid e )
• E at (m ake s own food or e ats oth e r living th ings )
• R e p rod u ce
• G row
• C h ange
• Live (h ab itat)

9. H ow are anim als clas s ifie d into
grou p s ?
• Th e large s t way
anim als are b roke n
into grou p s is
b as e d on wh e th e r
th e y h ave
b ackb one s or h ave
no b ackb one .

10. Wh at are anim als with b ackb one s
calle d ?
• Ve rte b rate s (with a b ackb one )
• Th is grou p inclu d e s :
• F is h
• Am p h ib ians
• R e p tile s
• Bird s
• M am m als

11. Wh at are th e ch aracte ris tics of fis h ?
• Ve rte b rate s
• C old -b lood e d
• H ave gills and s cale s
• Live in wate r

12. Wh at are th e ch aracte ris tics of
re p tile s ?
• Ve rte b rate s
• C old -b lood e d
• H ave s cale s
• Live on land
• U s u ally lay e ggs

13. Wh at are th e ch aracte ris tics of
am p h ib ians ?
• Ve rte b rate s
• Live in or arou nd
wate r
• C old -b lood e d
• H ave s m ooth s kin
(m u s t b e ke p t
m ois t)
• Lay e ggs

14. Wh at are th e ch aracte ris tics of
b ird s ?
• Ve rte b rate s
• H ave h ollow b one s
• H ave fe ath e rs
• Warm -b lood e d
• M os t can fly
• Lay e ggs
• H ave b e aks

15. Wh at are th e ch aracte ris tics of
m am m als ?
• Ve rte b rate s
• H ave fu r or h air
• Warm -b lood e d
• F e e d m ilk to th e ir
you ng
• Be ar live you ng
(e xce p t p latyp u s ’-
lay e ggs )

16. Wh at are anim als with ou t
b ackb one s calle d ?
• Inve rte b rate s (with ou t a
b ackb one
• Th is grou p inclu d e s :
• S p onge s • U rch ins
• Ane m one s • Ins e cts
• Je llyfis h • S p id e rs
• Worm s • Ticks
• S nails • Lob s te rs
• S e a s tars • C rab s
• M ollu s ks • C rayfis h

17. Wh at are inve rte b rate s ?
Without a backbone!

18. C las s ification of P lants

19. H ow are p lants clas s ifie d into
grou p s ?
• P lants h ave
ch aracte ris tics th at
are s im ilar and
d iffe re nt too.
• Two m aj typ e s of
or
p lants :
• Vas cu lar
• N onvas cu lar

20. Wh at are vas cu lar p lants ?
• P lants th at h ave
tiny ‘tu b e s ’ th at ru n
b e twe e n th e roots
and le ave s .
• E xam p le s :
• Tre e s
• F e rns
• G ras s

21. P ictu re s of m agnifie d vas cu lar
p lants ?
Enlarged picture of ash Major vascular vein in
wood tree. Notice long Zinnia leaf. Coiled
vascular tubing. tubing.

22. M ore p ictu re s of vas cu lar p lants .
Magnified horizontal view (400x). The strands consist of
tubes with spirally thickened walls that appear like
minute coiled springs.

23. Wh at are nonvas cu lar p lants ?
• P lants th at d o not
h ave tis s u e th at
carrie s wate r from
root to le af.
• E xam p le s :
• M os s e s
• Live rworts
• H ornworts

24. P ictu re of nonvas cu lar p lant.
A small mushroom emerging from a clump of mosses and
liverworts on a shady, moist bank in southern California.

25. C las s ification R e vie w
• P lants and Anim als are ‘m u lti-ce lle d ’
organis m s .
• 7 ways to clas s ify all living th ings
• Kingd om , p h ylu m , clas s , ord e r, fam ily, ge nu s ,
s p e cie s
• 5 K ingd om s are :
• Anim als , P lants , Bacte ria, F u ngi, and P rotis ts