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Classification of Animals
This document outlines the classification of living things, dividing them into broad groups. It discusses animals in detail, separating them into vertebrates and invertebrates. Vertebrates include mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, amphibians and have backbones, while invertebrates like insects do not. Within vertebrates, it describes characteristics of different types of mammals like humans, characteristics of birds like feathers and wings, how fish breathe through gills and swim with fins, how reptiles have scales and are cold-blooded, and how amphibians live both on land and in water. It also briefly covers plants, fungi and bacteria.
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Classification of Animals
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- 2. Broad Classifications ofliving things Living Things Plants Flowering plants Non Flowering Plants Animals Vertebrates Invertebrates Fungi and Bacteria
- 3. Vertebrates Animals withbackbones They are big in size They have well developed skeleton Example birds, human beings, Reptiles etc
- 4. Invertebrates They donot have back bone They are small in size and slow moving 98 % of the species are vertebrates Example insects, flatworms etc
- 7. Mammals Mammals haveouter covering on their body called as fur or hair Mammals give birth to young ones Mammals produce milk by mammary glands Some Mammals live both on land and sea Some mammals live in water alone Mammals have sweat glands Single time Tooth Replacement Examples Human beings, monkeys, Elephant, Whale
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- 9. Birds They havefeathers They have a pair wings They have beaks They lay eggs with shells and hatch to reproduce. The shells protect the egg They have skeleton Example parrot, penguin, ostrich, eagle etc
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- 11. Fishes Fishes areaquatic vertebrates They breath through their gills They swim with their fins They are coldblooded animals Small fish eat algae and large fish eat small fish They have scales to protect their bodies Most fish lay eggs and some give birth to young ones such as guppies, mollies and some sharks
- 13. Reptiles Their bodiesare covered with scales. The skin is tough and dry They are cold blooded animals When they get too cold they warm up under the sun Reptiles are born on land. Their eggs are protected by tough and leathery shells. Examples . Snakes, alligators, crocodiles, tortoise, lizard
- 15. Amphibians The wordamphibian means two lives- they live both on land and water Amphibians are cold blooded All amphibians begin their life in water with gills and tails and later they develop lungs and tails There are 3 types of amphibians – frogs, salamanders and caecilians Most amphibians have thin moist skin that helps them to breathe and some have gills They have no scales Adult amphibians are carnivores They lay eggs in water and they do not have a protective water proof shell
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- 18. Insects Insects have3 main parts- head, thorax and abdomen The head contains a pair of feelers called as antenna and mouthparts Legs and wings are attached to thorax Some insects have wings They have a hard out body covering that protect their body Insects lay eggs
- 20. Other Categories Apartfrom the major six groups there are another type called as arachnids Spider and scorpions belong to this group Another group is called as molluscs Snails and Squids are example of this group.
- 21. Plants Flowering andNon- Flowering plants Plants that grow on land and plants that grow on water
- 22. Fungi Mushrooms arenot plants and animals neither they come under fungi They do not have chlorophyll and they cannot move like animals in search of food. They feed on plants and animals dead or alive They break their food into simpler substances and absorb. This process is called as decay or decompose. All fungi reproduce through spores. Spores are small and light that can be carried by wind easily anywhere. The spores land on places with enough air, water and warmth and the develop new fungi. Some fungi are poisonous. Some are used as food and medicine Other examples for fungi are bracket fungus, yeast and mould.
- 24. Bacteria Bacteria isanother group of living things as fungi They are found everywhere in sand, sea, inside our body, on our skin They reproduce dividing themselves, multiplying quickly They are so small that they can be seen only trough microscope There are 3 types of bacteria- spiral, spherical and rod shaped Some bacteria are used as food and medicine Some cause food spoilage and diseases They also act as decomposers. The decomposed substances become nutrients for plants in soil.
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