This document provides an overview of the animal kingdom, describing their key characteristics and how they are classified. It discusses that animals are divided into invertebrates and vertebrates. Invertebrates make up 98% of animal species and lack backbones, while vertebrates make up the remaining 2% and include fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals which all have backbones. It then examines several animal phyla in more detail, describing their defining features, organs and organ systems.
Based on NCERT class 9 Science Chapter 7 'Diversity in Living Organisms'. Describes how the classification is being made on the category of plants, animals, fungi, microbes etc. made by Vivek Ranjan Sahoo
A vertebrate is an animal with a spinal cord surrounded by cartilage or bone. The word comes from vertebrae, the bones that make up the spine. Animals that are not vertebrates are called invertebrates. Vertebrates include birds, fish, amphibians, reptiles, and mammals
Plant kingdom (11th Biology) for complete 11th and 12th notes 1999 and for PP...ASM NAFIS BIOLOGY
This is uploaded with videos on YouTube, linked provided bellow
Introduction and thalophyta- https://youtu.be/OtVqgSXwpAo
Bryophyta-https://youtu.be/QlmhYUNKA98
Pteridophyta- https://youtu.be/WjVXHVCN5Fs
Gymnosperm-https://youtu.be/Yy6pNmDoyz8
Angiosperm-https://youtu.be/ZDmYYklBwh4
Still you can comment us on YouTube to get more explanation and better videos.
The chordates are named for the notochord: a flexible, rod-shaped structure that is found in the embryonic stage of all chordates and also in the adult stage of some chordate species.
It is located between the digestive tube and the nerve cord, providing skeletal support through the length of the body.
In some chordates, the notochord acts as the primary axial support of the body throughout the animal's lifetime.
Based on NCERT class 9 Science Chapter 7 'Diversity in Living Organisms'. Describes how the classification is being made on the category of plants, animals, fungi, microbes etc. made by Vivek Ranjan Sahoo
A vertebrate is an animal with a spinal cord surrounded by cartilage or bone. The word comes from vertebrae, the bones that make up the spine. Animals that are not vertebrates are called invertebrates. Vertebrates include birds, fish, amphibians, reptiles, and mammals
Plant kingdom (11th Biology) for complete 11th and 12th notes 1999 and for PP...ASM NAFIS BIOLOGY
This is uploaded with videos on YouTube, linked provided bellow
Introduction and thalophyta- https://youtu.be/OtVqgSXwpAo
Bryophyta-https://youtu.be/QlmhYUNKA98
Pteridophyta- https://youtu.be/WjVXHVCN5Fs
Gymnosperm-https://youtu.be/Yy6pNmDoyz8
Angiosperm-https://youtu.be/ZDmYYklBwh4
Still you can comment us on YouTube to get more explanation and better videos.
The chordates are named for the notochord: a flexible, rod-shaped structure that is found in the embryonic stage of all chordates and also in the adult stage of some chordate species.
It is located between the digestive tube and the nerve cord, providing skeletal support through the length of the body.
In some chordates, the notochord acts as the primary axial support of the body throughout the animal's lifetime.
Know about Maharashtra while you are planning to visit the place. It is one of the Top tourists destinations in India where you will find so many things to visit, to wnjoy, to learn. Visit through Maharashtra with theotherhome.com
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Successful panhandling is a lot like content marketing; it's reaching a jaded audience in a saturated market by finding a message that jumps out and moves you to action. This presentation looks at tactics and quotes taken from interviews with panhandlers and street performers and see what we can learn to make our content as effective as their cardboard signs.
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Need a little help to inspire your team? Whether it's your office, your youth group, your classroom, your executive staff or just for yourself - Fun Team Building is here to help. We're providing you with 52 inspirational, and motivational quotes to help you get through the year.
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Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
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Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
2. What is an animal?
Kingdom Animalia divided into two major groups:
– invertebrates
– vertebrates
Worm Snail Cockroach
An invertebrate is an animal without a
backbone.
About 98 percent of all animals are
invertebrates.
Invertebrate
3. Vertebrates
Only about two percent of all animals are vertebrates
which belong to the Phylum Chordata.
Vertebrates include fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and
mammals.
BirdFrog Rat
Animals share the following characteristics:
1. Animals are multi cellular and have eukaryotic cells.
2. Animal cells lack cell walls.
3. Animals have a period of embryonic development.
4. Animals are consumers.
5. Animals can move.
6. Most animals have muscle and nervous tissue.
7. Animals are diploid.
4. Animals have different levels of organization.
Some animals consist of cells with a few tissue layers.
Others are complex with organ systems.
All animals have sex cells that are haploid and are
produced by meiosis.
All animal life cycles consist of haploid and diploid cell
development.
5. Animal body plan and Symmetry
The arrangement of an animal’s body parts is called its
symmetry.
Animals that do not have an orderly body plan, like
sponges, are called asymmetrical.
Radial symmetry means that the body parts are arranged
in a circle around a central point.
In bilateral symmetry, the body consists of two similar
halves.
6. The gut is the digestive tract.
It enables an animal to digest food
outside of its cells.
In animals without a gut (like
sponges), food is digested inside of
their cells.
Complex animals also have a body
cavity that holds the gut and other
organs.
The body cavity provides an open
space for organs to grow and
function.
7. As animals evolved and became more complex, they
developed organ systems to perform basic functions.
Organ Systems
Some important organ systems are:
– Skeletal
– Muscular
– Circulatory
– Digestive
– Nervous
– Reproductive
Sponges belong to the Phylum
Porifera (“pore bearing.”)
They are asymmetrical and do not
have a body cavity.
Sponges
8. Adult sponges do not move around.
They feed by pulling water into the
pores of their bodies and filtering out
food particles.
They have specialized collar cells that
move water and collect and digest food.
Cnidarians
The Phylum Cnidarians includes
jellyfish, coral, sea anemones, and
hydra.
They have radial symmetry and do
not have a body cavity.
Cnidarians have differentiated cells
that are organized into two layers of
tissues and nerves that form a
network.
Many cnidarians have specialized
stinging cells to capture food or
defend themselves.
9. Flatworms
Planarians belong to the Phylum Platy helminthes—the
flatworms.
Flatworms are the simplest animals having bilateral symmetry.
They have a sac-like gut but no body cavity.
Planarians secrete digestive
enzymes onto their food and suck
the food particles through an
organ called a pharynx.
They digest food in a gastro
vascular cavity.
Roundworms
Members of the Phylum Nematode are
called roundworms.
Roundworms are the simplest animals
with a complete gut that runs from
mouth to anus.
10. Annelids
Earthworms belong to the Phylum Annelida.
All annelids have bodies that are divided into individual
segments.
Annelids have bilateral symmetry and a true body cavity.
11. Mollusks
Snails, clams, and squids are all
members of the Phylum Mollusca.
Mollusks have bilateral symmetry and a
true body cavity.
The body of a mollusk typically has a
foot, gut, mantle, and shell.
Body of a mollusk
12. Mollusks
Clams and their relatives have a simple nervous system with
nerve cords and a few ganglia.
Octopi and their relatives have a more advanced nervous
system.
An octopus has a well-developed brain and eyes.
Most mollusks have a sense of touch and taste.
Arthropods
The Phylum Arthropod includes
insects, spiders, and crustaceans such
as lobsters and crabs.
Arthropods have segmented
bodies, jointed limbs, an
exoskeleton, and well-developed organ
systems.
Like annelids, arthropod bodies are segmented.
Some segments form three distinct regions: a
head, a thorax, and an abdomen.
13. Echinoderms
The Phylum Echinodermata (meaning “spiny
skin”) includes starfish, sea urchins, and sea
cucumbers.
Echinoderms have radial symmetry, a body
cavity, an internal skeleton, and spiny skin.
Echinoderms have a specialized water
vascular system.
The water vascular system is a network of
fluid-filled canals connected to hundreds of
tiny, tube-like feet.
The water vascular system helps them move
and capture food.
14.
15. Vertebrate structure and function
Humans and sea squirts are members of the
Phylum Chordata (called chordates).
All chordates have a structure called a
notochord.
A notochord is a flexible, rod-shaped
structure found in the embryos of all
chordates.
Characteristics of vertebrates
All vertebrates have a backbone and a skull.
The backbone is a segmented column of
interlocking bones called vertebrae.
All vertebrates have an internal skeleton for
support, protection, and a place for muscles to
be attached.
The bones and muscles of vertebrates work
together to provide a structural framework for
movement.
16. All vertebrates have a body cavity that
holds the organ systems.
– The thoracic cavity holds the heart and the
lungs of air-breathing vertebrates.
– The abdominal cavity holds the digestive
organs including the stomach, intestines, and
liver.
Vertebrate organs are made of four types
of tissues
An organ is a group of tissues that
function together.
Vertebrate organs are made of four
types of tissues:
– nervous
– epithelial
– connective
– muscle
17. Fish
Fish are exothermic, aquatic vertebrates with
fins, gills, and a streamlined body.
They were the first vertebrates, and evolved about 500
million years ago.
There are three classes of
fish living today.
– jawless fish
– cartilaginous fish
– bony fish
18.
19. Amphibians
Amphibians are
ectothermic, smooth-skinned
vertebrates, such as frogs and
salamanders, that usually
hatch as an aquatic larva with
gills.
Birds
Birds are endothermic, egg-
laying vertebrates with forelimbs
modified to form wings.
They have many adaptations for
flight such as
feathers, wings, hollow
bones, and air sacs.
20. Mammals are endothermic vertebrates that have mammary
glands.
Mammary glands are organs that produce a nutritious fluid
called milk.
Mammals
Mammals evolved from a now-extinct
group of reptiles called therapsids.
The earliest true mammals appeared
over 200 million years ago.
21. The end
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