it is excellent and it is full of knowledge. this presentation contain the differences also. So pick up the mistake and comment.

1. CLASSIFICATION AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN
SYSTEMIC AND TOPICAL FLOURIDES
PRESENTEDBY: DR.TABISH ZIA
KHATTAK
1

2. OBJECTIVE
At the end of my presentation, my fellows would
able to know about:
• Systemic Fluorides
• Topical Fluorides
• Classification
&
• Differences B/w them
2

3. CONTENTS
• Introduction
• Definition
• Classification of Systemic Fluorides
• Classification of Topical fluorides
• Differences
• Summary
• References
3

4. INTRODUCTION
• Fluorine is member of halogen family and is the most
electronegative and reactive of all the elements.
• The compounds of fluorine are called FLUORIDE.
• Its selective action on the hard tissues of the body attributes
significantly to prevention and control of dental carries.
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5. CLASSIFICATION
On the basis of delivery method fluorine is classified
into two main categories.
1. Systemic Fluorides
2. Topical Fluorides
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6. SYSTEMIC FLUORIDES
• Definition:-
“Systemic fluoride is a
phrase used to describe fluoride that is ingested by
mouth usually through a community's drinking water or
supplements”.
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7. TOPICAL FLUORIDES
• Definition:-
“The term Topical Fluorides is
used to describe those delivery system which provide Fluorine
for a local chemical reaction to the exposed surface of
erupted dentition”.
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8. CLASSIFICATION OF SYSTEMIC FLUORIDES
Community Water Fluoridation
School Water Fluoridation
Salt Fluoridation
Milk Fluoridation
Fluoride Supplement
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9. COMMUNITY WATER FLUORIDATION
• The controlled addition of fluoride compounds to a water supply, in
order to bring to its concentration up to an optimal, to prevent carries.
• Level of F concentration depend on climate, ranges from
0.7 to 1.2 PPM
• Water Fluoridation studies showed reduction of dental carries in
Children by 40% to 70%
&
Root Carries in Adults 20% to 40%. 9

10. HISTORY
Grand Rapids, Michigan
In 1945, the first to have F added to water supply and
after 15 years study , result were so impressive that other
city joined.
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12.  SCHOOL WATER FLUORIDATION
• It is suitable alternative where water fluoridation is not feasible.
• The amount of fluoride added in school drinking water should be
greater than normal addition (about 4.5 times more FLUORIDE).
• There has around 25% to 40% decrease in dental carries.
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13. HISTORY
The procedure was first started in 1954 in Saint
Thomas U.S Virgin Islands by US Public Health
Service Division .
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15. SALT FLUORIDATION
• Salt Fluoridation is the control addition of F usually NaF or KF
during the manufacture of salt for human consumption.
• The reduction in dental carries was found to be parallel to that
found with Water Fluoridation.
• The WHO found to Be appropriate for developing countries.
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16. HISTORY
First Fluoride Salt was introduced by WESPI in
Switzerland in 1948. It has been on sale in Switzerland in
1955.
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18. MILK FLUORIDATION
• Addition of a measured quantity of F to bottled or
packaged milk to be drunk by children.
• Fluoridated milk keeps a permanently low level of
ionized F with in the oral cavity, promoting
remineralization.
• This topical mechanism contributes to the carries
preventive effect of fluoridated milk.
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19. HISTORY
It was first introduced by Ziegler, a
Pediatrician, who started his first project of
Fluoridated milk in Swiss City of Winterthur in
1953.
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21. FLUORIDE SUPPLEMENT
• Fluoride Supplements are available in different form such as
Fluoride Tablets, Drops, Lozenges.
• Mostly given to children.
• More costly than water or other fluoridation methods.
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22. CLASSIFICATION OF TOPICAL
FLUORIDES
• Professionally Applied:-
It was introduced by Bibby in 1942.
Involve the use of high F concentration products ranging from
5000 to 19,000ppm, equivalent to 5-19mg F/ml.
Sodium Fluoride, Stannous Fluoride, Acidulated Phosphate F.
• Self-Applied:-
Include fluoride dentifrices, mouth rinses & gels.
Are low fluoride concentration product ranging from 200-
1000ppm or 0.2-1mg F/ml. 22

23. PROFESSIONALLY APPLIED:-
23

24. SELF-APPLIED:-
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25. DIFFERENCES
SYSTEMIC FLUORIDE
Applied through systemic route
during development of
dentition (pre-eruptively).
Usually lower concentrations of
F are used.
Effect are there throughout the
life.
It can lead to dental fluorosis.
Patient's co-operation and
compliance are not required.
TOPICAL FLUORIDE
Applied topically after eruption
of teeth (post-eruptively).
Normally high concentration of
F is used.
Effect are seen only for shorter
durations.
It does not lead to fluorosis.
Patient’s co-operation and
compliance are absolutely
necessary.
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26. DIFFERENCES
Recommended in general for
whole population.
Cost effective and cheaper.
Self application (generally).
Fluoride is incorporated in
the tooth structure during
developing stage.
Recommended for special
group and high-risk children.
Not cost effective and
expensive.
Normally applied
professionally. Some time
patient can use themselves at
home, e.g. dentifrices, mouth
rinses.
Fluoride is lost after
sometime. Hence required
repeated application. 26

27. SUMMARY
• Fluorine Introduction
• Systemic Fluoride
Community Water Fluoridation
School Water Fluoridation
Salt Fluoridation
Milk Fluoridation
Fluoride Supplement
• Topically Fluoride
Self applied
Professionally applied
• Differences
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