Class b amplifier
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
3 likes•1,526 views
This document discusses Class B amplifiers. It explains that Class B amplifiers use two transistors to conduct for alternating half cycles of the input signal, improving efficiency over Class A amplifiers. The theoretical maximum efficiency of a Class B amplifier is 78.5%. Circuit diagrams of common-collector and push-pull Class B amplifier configurations are presented, along with their input/output waveforms and operating principles. Distortion caused by crossover regions when the input signal is low is also discussed.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Power amplifire analog electronics
Power Amplifier circuits.
Output stages of types of power amplifier (class A, class B, class AB, class C, class D)
Distortions( Harmonic and Crossover).
Push-pull amplifier with and without transformer.
Complimentary symmetry and Quasi- complimentary symmetry push pull amplifier.
Classes of amplifiers
This Presentation Of Classes Of Amplifiers which is based on class a b ab and c amplifier by Arsalan Qureshi student of Dawood University Roll no: D-16-TE-09.
Class AB amplifiers
Class AB amplifiers combine aspects of Class A and Class B amplifiers. They are biased so both transistors conduct for small signals like Class A for lower distortion, and for large signals only one transistor conducts at a time like Class B for higher efficiency. The circuit uses a voltage divider and diodes to bias the transistors into slight conduction even without an input signal. This overcomes crossover distortion. The output operates with the Q-point slightly above cutoff and ac cutoff at the supply voltage for Class AB operation between Class A and Class B.
Classes of amplifier
This document discusses the four main classes of amplifiers used in audio equipment: Class A, Class B, Class AB, and Class D. Class A amplifiers are the most accurate but least efficient, conducting electricity continuously. Class B amplifiers use separate circuits for positive and negative halves of the signal. Class AB amplifiers combine aspects of Classes A and B. Class D amplifiers are very efficient but lower fidelity, rapidly switching transistors on and off. The classes balance factors like efficiency, accuracy, cost and heat dissipation.
Class a power amplifiers
This document discusses Class A power amplifiers. Key points:
- Class A amplifiers conduct for the entire signal cycle, resulting in the lowest efficiency. The quiescent point is in the middle of the load line.
- A series fed Class A power amplifier uses a fixed bias circuit to set the operating point. The dc bias current and voltage determine the quiescent point.
- In AC operation, an input signal causes the output to vary above and below the quiescent point. The output swings until current or voltage limits are reached.
Maximum efficiency can be calculated using the maximum possible voltage and current swings given the supply voltage and load resistance. An example problem calculates input power
Power amplifiers
Power amplifiers are concerned with efficiency, maximum power capability, and impedance matching to the output device rather than small-signal factors like amplification, linearity, and gain. There are several classes of power amplifiers including Class A, B, AB, C, and D which differ based on the conduction angle of the output and location of the Q-point. Efficiency increases as the conduction angle decreases from Class A to Class B to Class C. Transformers can be used to improve efficiency and increase the output swing of Class A amplifiers. Push-pull configurations are used for Class B amplifiers to generate a full output cycle from two transistors.
Tuned amplifire
Introduction
Band Pass Amplifiers
Series & Parallel Resonant Circuits & their Bandwidth
Analysis of Single Tuned Amplifiers
Analysis of Double Tuned Amplifiers
Primary & Secondary Tuned Amplifiers with BJT & FET
Merits and de-merits of Tuned Amplifiers
Amplifier classes
in this slide you will learn what are classes of amplifiers and what is main difference between all classes of amplifier
and after reading this slide you will be able to explain all clases of amplifier
Recommended
Power amplifire analog electronics
Power Amplifier circuits.
Output stages of types of power amplifier (class A, class B, class AB, class C, class D)
Distortions( Harmonic and Crossover).
Push-pull amplifier with and without transformer.
Complimentary symmetry and Quasi- complimentary symmetry push pull amplifier.
Classes of amplifiers
This Presentation Of Classes Of Amplifiers which is based on class a b ab and c amplifier by Arsalan Qureshi student of Dawood University Roll no: D-16-TE-09.
Class AB amplifiers
Class AB amplifiers combine aspects of Class A and Class B amplifiers. They are biased so both transistors conduct for small signals like Class A for lower distortion, and for large signals only one transistor conducts at a time like Class B for higher efficiency. The circuit uses a voltage divider and diodes to bias the transistors into slight conduction even without an input signal. This overcomes crossover distortion. The output operates with the Q-point slightly above cutoff and ac cutoff at the supply voltage for Class AB operation between Class A and Class B.
Classes of amplifier
This document discusses the four main classes of amplifiers used in audio equipment: Class A, Class B, Class AB, and Class D. Class A amplifiers are the most accurate but least efficient, conducting electricity continuously. Class B amplifiers use separate circuits for positive and negative halves of the signal. Class AB amplifiers combine aspects of Classes A and B. Class D amplifiers are very efficient but lower fidelity, rapidly switching transistors on and off. The classes balance factors like efficiency, accuracy, cost and heat dissipation.
Class a power amplifiers
This document discusses Class A power amplifiers. Key points:
- Class A amplifiers conduct for the entire signal cycle, resulting in the lowest efficiency. The quiescent point is in the middle of the load line.
- A series fed Class A power amplifier uses a fixed bias circuit to set the operating point. The dc bias current and voltage determine the quiescent point.
- In AC operation, an input signal causes the output to vary above and below the quiescent point. The output swings until current or voltage limits are reached.
Maximum efficiency can be calculated using the maximum possible voltage and current swings given the supply voltage and load resistance. An example problem calculates input power
Power amplifiers
Power amplifiers are concerned with efficiency, maximum power capability, and impedance matching to the output device rather than small-signal factors like amplification, linearity, and gain. There are several classes of power amplifiers including Class A, B, AB, C, and D which differ based on the conduction angle of the output and location of the Q-point. Efficiency increases as the conduction angle decreases from Class A to Class B to Class C. Transformers can be used to improve efficiency and increase the output swing of Class A amplifiers. Push-pull configurations are used for Class B amplifiers to generate a full output cycle from two transistors.
Tuned amplifire
Introduction
Band Pass Amplifiers
Series & Parallel Resonant Circuits & their Bandwidth
Analysis of Single Tuned Amplifiers
Analysis of Double Tuned Amplifiers
Primary & Secondary Tuned Amplifiers with BJT & FET
Merits and de-merits of Tuned Amplifiers
Amplifier classes
in this slide you will learn what are classes of amplifiers and what is main difference between all classes of amplifier
and after reading this slide you will be able to explain all clases of amplifier
Power amplifiers
This document discusses different classes of power amplifiers:
- Class A amplifiers have constant current flow and output varies over the full input cycle. Maximum efficiency is 25%.
- Class B amplifiers have current flow for only half the input cycle. They require a push-pull configuration of two transistors to generate the full output cycle. Maximum efficiency is 78.5%.
- Class AB operates between classes A and B with output between 180-360 degrees.
- Class C has output for less than half the cycle and requires a resonant load circuit. It has the highest efficiency but also the highest distortion.
Inverting amplifier
The document discusses an inverting amplifier, which uses an operational amplifier to amplify an input signal but inverts the phase of the output signal. An inverting amplifier applies a positive input voltage but produces a negative output voltage. It has a high gain that is determined by the ratio of the feedback resistance to the input resistance. The input is connected to the inverting terminal through a resistor R, while negative feedback is provided through a resistor Rf between the output and inverting input. This configuration produces an output signal that is 180 degrees out of phase with the input.
Op amp
This presentation contains the basic information you need to know about operational amplifier.
I have tried to cover all the basic info. If anything is left out or you have any suggestions i will appreciate it.
basic-analog-electronics
This document provides an overview of basic electronics components and circuits. It begins with an introduction to passive components like resistors, capacitors, inductors, and transformers. It then covers analog circuits using transistors and operational amplifiers. The document provides details on circuit analysis and different types of filters. It explains concepts like resistors, capacitors, inductors, diodes, transistors, and operational amplifiers. Examples of common circuits are also presented like voltage dividers, rectifiers, and amplifiers.
Active filters
This document discusses different types of filters including low-pass, high-pass, band-pass and band-stop filters. It describes how active filters using op-amps can overcome limitations of passive filters, providing advantages such as reduced size and cost. Single-pole active low-pass and high-pass filters are presented, which buffer the RC circuit to provide a zero output impedance and roll-off rate of -20dB per decade above the critical frequency.
Power amplifier
This document discusses power amplifiers and class A amplifiers. It begins with an introduction to power amplifiers, including their purpose of delivering high power to low resistance loads. It then covers classification of amplifiers based on conduction angle and efficiency ratings. The document analyzes class A amplifiers in detail, including derivation of input power, output power, and efficiency equations. It shows the efficiency of class A amplifiers is limited to 25% theoretically due to continuous conduction. Examples are provided to demonstrate calculations for input power, output power, and efficiency.
Differential amplifier
Differential amplifiers amplify the difference between two input signals while rejecting input signals that are common to both inputs. They have advantages like excellent stability, versatility, and immunity to noise and interference. The differential gain (Ad) is the gain with which the difference between the two input signals (V1-V2) is amplified to produce the output (Vo). The common mode gain (Ac) is the gain resulting from any common signals applied to both inputs. Differential amplifiers have high differential gain, low common mode gain, and high common mode rejection ratio (CMRR), which is the ratio of Ad/Ac expressed in decibels and indicates the ability to reject common mode signals.
Invering and non inverting amplifiers
this presentation is based on basic description of inverting and non-inverting amplifiers using op-amps and their medical use, hope it helps students :)
Feedback amplifiers
This document discusses negative feedback in amplifiers. It defines feedback as part of the output signal being returned to the input. Negative feedback occurs when the feedback signal is out of phase with the input signal. There are four types of feedback classified by the sampling and mixing networks: voltage series, current series, current shunt, and voltage shunt. Negative feedback provides advantages like stabilized gain and operating point but results in reduced gain. It has applications in electronic amplifiers, regulated power supplies, and wideband amplifiers.
Comparison of A, B & C Power Amplifiers
This document describes three classes of transistor amplifier operation: Class A, B, and C.
Class A operation has one device conducting over the entire AC cycle with a conduction angle of 360 degrees. Class B has two devices each conducting for half the cycle with a conduction angle of 180 degrees. Class C has very brief conduction over a small portion of the cycle with a conduction angle less than 180 degrees.
Class A has the highest linearity and lowest distortion but also the lowest maximum efficiency of 25%. Class B has a higher maximum efficiency of 78.5% while Class C can reach 100% efficiency but has the poorest linearity and highest distortion.
Band pass filter
Band pass filter is defined in informative way so any one get knowledge from it and its basics also the multisim simulation circuit is present in slides if any one want then he/she will contact through mail or linkedin account.
Schmitt trigger basics
Comparators and Schmitt triggers are op-amp circuits used to convert analog signals to digital outputs. A comparator outputs one of two levels depending on if the input is above or below a reference. A Schmitt trigger introduces positive feedback to improve switching speed and reject noise, resulting in a nonlinear transfer function with hysteresis. It prevents erroneous switching from noise within a defined voltage range. Schmitt triggers find use in noisy environments and where clean switching is needed.
267182869 large-signal-amplifiers-ppt
Power amplifiers are classified based on their operating point or quiescent point (Q point). Class A amplifiers have their Q point at the center of the load line, resulting in linear but low efficiency operation. Class B amplifiers operate with their Q point at cutoff, providing high efficiency but distorted output. Class AB reduces distortion by adding some forward bias. Class D amplifiers switch between cutoff and saturation at a high frequency for very high efficiency operation suitable for audio.
Final
This document covers negative feedback amplifiers, including the concept of feedback, different feedback topologies, and analysis of feedback amplifiers. It discusses four main feedback topologies: voltage series, voltage shunt, current series, and current shunt. For each topology, it explains the feedback mechanism, provides an approximate h-parameter equivalent circuit, and analyzes how feedback affects characteristics like gain, input and output resistance, bandwidth, and distortion. The document is intended to guide students through key topics relating to negative feedback amplifiers.
Power Amplifier
A power amplifier is designed to provide maximum power output and is used to amplify weak signals to a level sufficient to drive a loudspeaker or other output device. It consists of multiple stages, with the final stage designed specifically for high power output. Power amplifiers use power transistors that can handle large currents and dissipate significant heat. They are classified based on the operating mode of the transistors, including class A, B, AB, and C power amplifiers. Transformer coupling is commonly used to match impedances in power amplifier circuits.
OP AMP Applications
The document presented an overview of operational amplifiers (OP-AMPs) given by Group 12. It defined an OP-AMP as an integrated circuit that amplifies input voltage through high gain. It described OP-AMP characteristics like high open-loop gain, large input resistance, and small output resistance. Common OP-AMP applications presented included comparators, integrators, differentiators, filters, and oscillators. Circuit diagrams were provided for low-pass filters, high-pass filters, and band-pass filters built using OP-AMPs.
Differential amplifier
This document discusses the basics of differential amplifiers. It defines differential amplifiers as circuits that amplify the difference between two input signals. It describes the differential gain, common mode gain, and common mode rejection ratio of differential amplifiers. It also outlines the four main configurations that differential amplifiers can have: dual input balanced output, dual input unbalanced output, single input balanced output, and single input unbalanced output. The document is intended as an introduction to differential amplifiers.
Power amplifiers
Class A amplifiers have the highest linearity because the transistor is always conducting. They are the least efficient at 30% due to continuous power loss. Class B amplifiers only conduct for half of the signal cycle, improving efficiency to 50% but introducing crossover distortion. Class AB balances efficiency and distortion by conducting more than half but less than the full cycle. Class C amplifiers have the greatest efficiency of 80% but introduce heavy distortion as they conduct for less than half of the input cycle. They are used for radio frequency amplification rather than audio.
Schmitt trigger circuit
Comparator circuits compare two input voltages and produce a logic output signal that is high or low depending on which input is larger. Real comparators do not have an abrupt transition and have very high voltage gain in the transition region. Comparators are often used as interfaces between analog and digital circuits by converting analog signals to logic levels. Open-collector outputs are useful for this by producing either 0V or the supply voltage at their outputs. Schmitt triggers, which are comparators with positive feedback, are commonly used as they introduce hysteresis which helps eliminate unwanted output transitions from noise.
Active Filter (Low Pass)
1. Low-pass filters allow low frequencies to pass through but attenuate frequencies higher than the cutoff frequency. They are implemented using a resistor and capacitor in conjunction with an op-amp amplifier.
2. A first-order low-pass filter has a single RC pair and rolls off at -20dB per decade above the cutoff frequency. Higher-order filters use multiple RC stages to achieve steeper roll-offs such as -40dB per decade for a second-order filter.
3. The cutoff frequency is the frequency at which the gain is 3dB below the maximum and is inversely proportional to the product of the resistor and capacitor values in each stage.
Ece 312 power point
This document provides an overview of different classes of electronic amplifiers (A, AB, B, C, D, E, F, G, H) and their characteristics. Class A amplifiers have the highest sound quality but are the least efficient, as the output transistors conduct electricity for the entire input cycle. Class AB amplifiers are more efficient than Class A as they only conduct for more than half the cycle. Class B amplifiers use two output devices in a push-pull configuration to generate the full output cycle. Class D and E amplifiers are highly efficient switching amplifier designs. The document also discusses field effect transistors and includes circuit diagrams to illustrate the different classes.
Amplifier
Class A power amplifiers have the transistor ON full time, resulting in high fidelity but poor efficiency. The output current flows for the entire input waveform cycle. Class B amplifiers have the transistor conducting for only half of the input cycle, improving efficiency to a maximum of 78.5% but introducing crossover distortion. Class C amplifiers have the transistor conducting for less than half of the input cycle, further improving efficiency to a maximum of 90% but causing significant distortion unsuitable for audio applications.
More Related Content
What's hot
Power amplifiers
This document discusses different classes of power amplifiers:
- Class A amplifiers have constant current flow and output varies over the full input cycle. Maximum efficiency is 25%.
- Class B amplifiers have current flow for only half the input cycle. They require a push-pull configuration of two transistors to generate the full output cycle. Maximum efficiency is 78.5%.
- Class AB operates between classes A and B with output between 180-360 degrees.
- Class C has output for less than half the cycle and requires a resonant load circuit. It has the highest efficiency but also the highest distortion.
Inverting amplifier
The document discusses an inverting amplifier, which uses an operational amplifier to amplify an input signal but inverts the phase of the output signal. An inverting amplifier applies a positive input voltage but produces a negative output voltage. It has a high gain that is determined by the ratio of the feedback resistance to the input resistance. The input is connected to the inverting terminal through a resistor R, while negative feedback is provided through a resistor Rf between the output and inverting input. This configuration produces an output signal that is 180 degrees out of phase with the input.
Op amp
This presentation contains the basic information you need to know about operational amplifier.
I have tried to cover all the basic info. If anything is left out or you have any suggestions i will appreciate it.
basic-analog-electronics
This document provides an overview of basic electronics components and circuits. It begins with an introduction to passive components like resistors, capacitors, inductors, and transformers. It then covers analog circuits using transistors and operational amplifiers. The document provides details on circuit analysis and different types of filters. It explains concepts like resistors, capacitors, inductors, diodes, transistors, and operational amplifiers. Examples of common circuits are also presented like voltage dividers, rectifiers, and amplifiers.
Active filters
This document discusses different types of filters including low-pass, high-pass, band-pass and band-stop filters. It describes how active filters using op-amps can overcome limitations of passive filters, providing advantages such as reduced size and cost. Single-pole active low-pass and high-pass filters are presented, which buffer the RC circuit to provide a zero output impedance and roll-off rate of -20dB per decade above the critical frequency.
Power amplifier
This document discusses power amplifiers and class A amplifiers. It begins with an introduction to power amplifiers, including their purpose of delivering high power to low resistance loads. It then covers classification of amplifiers based on conduction angle and efficiency ratings. The document analyzes class A amplifiers in detail, including derivation of input power, output power, and efficiency equations. It shows the efficiency of class A amplifiers is limited to 25% theoretically due to continuous conduction. Examples are provided to demonstrate calculations for input power, output power, and efficiency.
Differential amplifier
Differential amplifiers amplify the difference between two input signals while rejecting input signals that are common to both inputs. They have advantages like excellent stability, versatility, and immunity to noise and interference. The differential gain (Ad) is the gain with which the difference between the two input signals (V1-V2) is amplified to produce the output (Vo). The common mode gain (Ac) is the gain resulting from any common signals applied to both inputs. Differential amplifiers have high differential gain, low common mode gain, and high common mode rejection ratio (CMRR), which is the ratio of Ad/Ac expressed in decibels and indicates the ability to reject common mode signals.
Invering and non inverting amplifiers
this presentation is based on basic description of inverting and non-inverting amplifiers using op-amps and their medical use, hope it helps students :)
Feedback amplifiers
This document discusses negative feedback in amplifiers. It defines feedback as part of the output signal being returned to the input. Negative feedback occurs when the feedback signal is out of phase with the input signal. There are four types of feedback classified by the sampling and mixing networks: voltage series, current series, current shunt, and voltage shunt. Negative feedback provides advantages like stabilized gain and operating point but results in reduced gain. It has applications in electronic amplifiers, regulated power supplies, and wideband amplifiers.
Comparison of A, B & C Power Amplifiers
This document describes three classes of transistor amplifier operation: Class A, B, and C.
Class A operation has one device conducting over the entire AC cycle with a conduction angle of 360 degrees. Class B has two devices each conducting for half the cycle with a conduction angle of 180 degrees. Class C has very brief conduction over a small portion of the cycle with a conduction angle less than 180 degrees.
Class A has the highest linearity and lowest distortion but also the lowest maximum efficiency of 25%. Class B has a higher maximum efficiency of 78.5% while Class C can reach 100% efficiency but has the poorest linearity and highest distortion.
Band pass filter
Band pass filter is defined in informative way so any one get knowledge from it and its basics also the multisim simulation circuit is present in slides if any one want then he/she will contact through mail or linkedin account.
Schmitt trigger basics
Comparators and Schmitt triggers are op-amp circuits used to convert analog signals to digital outputs. A comparator outputs one of two levels depending on if the input is above or below a reference. A Schmitt trigger introduces positive feedback to improve switching speed and reject noise, resulting in a nonlinear transfer function with hysteresis. It prevents erroneous switching from noise within a defined voltage range. Schmitt triggers find use in noisy environments and where clean switching is needed.
267182869 large-signal-amplifiers-ppt
Power amplifiers are classified based on their operating point or quiescent point (Q point). Class A amplifiers have their Q point at the center of the load line, resulting in linear but low efficiency operation. Class B amplifiers operate with their Q point at cutoff, providing high efficiency but distorted output. Class AB reduces distortion by adding some forward bias. Class D amplifiers switch between cutoff and saturation at a high frequency for very high efficiency operation suitable for audio.
Final
This document covers negative feedback amplifiers, including the concept of feedback, different feedback topologies, and analysis of feedback amplifiers. It discusses four main feedback topologies: voltage series, voltage shunt, current series, and current shunt. For each topology, it explains the feedback mechanism, provides an approximate h-parameter equivalent circuit, and analyzes how feedback affects characteristics like gain, input and output resistance, bandwidth, and distortion. The document is intended to guide students through key topics relating to negative feedback amplifiers.
Power Amplifier
A power amplifier is designed to provide maximum power output and is used to amplify weak signals to a level sufficient to drive a loudspeaker or other output device. It consists of multiple stages, with the final stage designed specifically for high power output. Power amplifiers use power transistors that can handle large currents and dissipate significant heat. They are classified based on the operating mode of the transistors, including class A, B, AB, and C power amplifiers. Transformer coupling is commonly used to match impedances in power amplifier circuits.
OP AMP Applications
The document presented an overview of operational amplifiers (OP-AMPs) given by Group 12. It defined an OP-AMP as an integrated circuit that amplifies input voltage through high gain. It described OP-AMP characteristics like high open-loop gain, large input resistance, and small output resistance. Common OP-AMP applications presented included comparators, integrators, differentiators, filters, and oscillators. Circuit diagrams were provided for low-pass filters, high-pass filters, and band-pass filters built using OP-AMPs.
Differential amplifier
This document discusses the basics of differential amplifiers. It defines differential amplifiers as circuits that amplify the difference between two input signals. It describes the differential gain, common mode gain, and common mode rejection ratio of differential amplifiers. It also outlines the four main configurations that differential amplifiers can have: dual input balanced output, dual input unbalanced output, single input balanced output, and single input unbalanced output. The document is intended as an introduction to differential amplifiers.
Power amplifiers
Class A amplifiers have the highest linearity because the transistor is always conducting. They are the least efficient at 30% due to continuous power loss. Class B amplifiers only conduct for half of the signal cycle, improving efficiency to 50% but introducing crossover distortion. Class AB balances efficiency and distortion by conducting more than half but less than the full cycle. Class C amplifiers have the greatest efficiency of 80% but introduce heavy distortion as they conduct for less than half of the input cycle. They are used for radio frequency amplification rather than audio.
Schmitt trigger circuit
Comparator circuits compare two input voltages and produce a logic output signal that is high or low depending on which input is larger. Real comparators do not have an abrupt transition and have very high voltage gain in the transition region. Comparators are often used as interfaces between analog and digital circuits by converting analog signals to logic levels. Open-collector outputs are useful for this by producing either 0V or the supply voltage at their outputs. Schmitt triggers, which are comparators with positive feedback, are commonly used as they introduce hysteresis which helps eliminate unwanted output transitions from noise.
Active Filter (Low Pass)
1. Low-pass filters allow low frequencies to pass through but attenuate frequencies higher than the cutoff frequency. They are implemented using a resistor and capacitor in conjunction with an op-amp amplifier.
2. A first-order low-pass filter has a single RC pair and rolls off at -20dB per decade above the cutoff frequency. Higher-order filters use multiple RC stages to achieve steeper roll-offs such as -40dB per decade for a second-order filter.
3. The cutoff frequency is the frequency at which the gain is 3dB below the maximum and is inversely proportional to the product of the resistor and capacitor values in each stage.
What's hot (20)
Similar to Class b amplifier
Ece 312 power point
This document provides an overview of different classes of electronic amplifiers (A, AB, B, C, D, E, F, G, H) and their characteristics. Class A amplifiers have the highest sound quality but are the least efficient, as the output transistors conduct electricity for the entire input cycle. Class AB amplifiers are more efficient than Class A as they only conduct for more than half the cycle. Class B amplifiers use two output devices in a push-pull configuration to generate the full output cycle. Class D and E amplifiers are highly efficient switching amplifier designs. The document also discusses field effect transistors and includes circuit diagrams to illustrate the different classes.
Amplifier
Class A power amplifiers have the transistor ON full time, resulting in high fidelity but poor efficiency. The output current flows for the entire input waveform cycle. Class B amplifiers have the transistor conducting for only half of the input cycle, improving efficiency to a maximum of 78.5% but introducing crossover distortion. Class C amplifiers have the transistor conducting for less than half of the input cycle, further improving efficiency to a maximum of 90% but causing significant distortion unsuitable for audio applications.
Amplifiers.pdf
This document discusses different classifications of amplifiers:
1. According to frequency capabilities (audio vs. radio frequency amplifiers).
2. According to coupling methods (RC, transformer, direct coupled).
3. According to use (voltage amplifiers aim to amplify voltage with minimal current output, while power amplifiers aim to amplify power with minimal voltage change output).
It also discusses different classes of amplifiers based on their biasing point: Class A are biased in the linear region all the time, Class B are biased at cutoff so conduct for 180 degrees, Class AB are biased slightly above cutoff to conduct more than 180 degrees, and Class C are biased to conduct for much less than 180 degrees.
Eedp lect 06 amplifiers_3_classes
1. Amplifiers are classified according to frequency capabilities, coupling methods, and use. They can be audio frequency amplifiers, radio frequency amplifiers, voltage amplifiers, or power amplifiers.
2. Voltage amplifiers aim to amplify input voltage with minimal current output, while power amplifiers amplify input power with minimal voltage change. Power amplifiers are needed for applications requiring high power loads.
3. Amplifiers also have different classes based on their operating point, including class A operated linearly over the entire cycle, and classes B and AB operated over more than 180 degrees but with higher efficiency. Class C amplifiers are used in radio frequency applications as they operate for less than 180 degrees with even
Electronics amplifiers
The push-pull amplifier uses two complementary power transistors arranged in a symmetrical configuration to amplify an input signal. There are different classes of linear amplifiers - Class A always conducts but is inefficient, Class B has zero quiescent current but high distortion, and Class AB balances these tradeoffs. The class is determined by the quiescent current. Feedback amplifiers have gains that are stable over temperature and reduce distortion.
P2 amplifier
This document describes two classes of power amplifiers: Class A and Class B. Class A amplifiers have a conduction angle of 360 degrees, meaning the output flows for the full cycle of the input signal. They have high power dissipation and low efficiency of around 25%. Class A amplifiers are used as pre-amplifiers or for low-power audio. Class B amplifiers have a conduction angle of 180 degrees, with the output flowing for only half of the input signal cycle. They use two complementary transistors to conduct on alternating half cycles. Class B amplifiers have higher efficiency of around 78.5% and are used for applications like audio power amplifiers and DC servo motor amplifiers.
classesofamplifiers.pptx
The document discusses different classes of amplifiers - Class A, B, AB, and C. Class A amplifiers have the transistor always conducting, providing minimal distortion but low efficiency. Class B amplifiers use two transistors in a push-pull configuration, improving efficiency but introducing crossover distortion. Class AB amplifiers provide a compromise between Class A and B by allowing both transistors to conduct around the crossover point, eliminating distortion while gaining efficiency. Class C amplifiers have the highest efficiency but also the poorest linearity, as the output is zero for over half the input cycle, making them unsuitable for audio but used in RF amplifiers.
Amplifier classes explained
The document discusses different classes of amplifiers, including:
- Class A amplifiers operate linearly by conducting all the time, providing low distortion but low efficiency of 30%.
- Class B amplifiers use two transistors to conduct half the waveform each, improving efficiency to 50% but causing distortion at zero crossings.
- Class AB amplifiers bias transistors slightly on to conduct more than half but less than full cycles, reducing distortion without large efficiency losses.
- Other classes like D, F, G aim to further improve efficiency through switching or multiple power supplies, with some able to reach near 100% efficiency.
Alido5
The document discusses different classes of amplifiers:
1. Class A amplifiers have current flowing for 100% of the input signal time, providing high fidelity but low efficiency.
2. Class AB amplifiers have current flowing between 51-99% of the input signal time, providing better efficiency but poorer fidelity than Class A.
3. Class B amplifiers have current flowing for only 50% of the input signal time, making them twice as efficient as Class A but able to only amplify half the input signal.
4. A push-pull amplifier configuration uses two amplifying devices, one to source current and the other to sink it, allowing it to amplify the full input signal with higher
Power
This document discusses different types of amplifiers, including voltage amplifiers and power amplifiers. It describes how power amplifiers are needed to drive devices that require high power output, and uses power transistors designed to dissipate heat. Power amplifiers convert DC input power to AC output power. The document also classifies amplifiers based on their input, output, frequency response, biasing condition, and transistor configuration. It provides details on Class A, B, AB, and C amplifiers, describing their operating characteristics, efficiency, applications, and graphical representations.
Amplifier classes of operation and biasing networks latest
This document discusses different classes of amplifier operation and biasing networks. It covers:
- Amplifier classes are defined by the conduction angle of the active device during the input cycle, including Class A (360 degrees), Class B (180 degrees), Class C (less than 180 degrees), and Class AB (more than 180 degrees but less than 360 degrees).
- Biasing networks are needed to set the operating conditions of active devices and can be passive (using resistors) or active (using additional active components for better temperature stability).
- Passive networks are simple but have poor temperature stability while active networks are more complex but provide excellent temperature stability from shared heat sinking of components.
Lingad3
The document summarizes different classes of amplifiers, including power amplifiers, class A amplifiers, and class B amplifiers. It describes the main function of power amplifiers as delivering power to the load. It then discusses the single-ended class A amplifier circuit and its low efficiency of less than 30%. Finally, it introduces the class B push-pull amplifier circuit which uses two complementary transistors to conduct alternating half cycles, improving efficiency to around 70%.
Class a amplifier5
This document provides information about different classes of amplifiers:
1. Class A amplifiers have the transistor conducting during the entire cycle of the input signal, providing minimal distortion but lower efficiency.
2. Class B amplifiers only conduct during half of the input signal cycle, improving efficiency but introducing crossover distortion.
3. Class AB amplifiers reduce crossover distortion by adding a small bias current, keeping transistors slightly on during both halves of the cycle.
Power Amplifier EEE.pptx
The document discusses different classes of power amplifiers based on their conduction angle. A power amplifier is designed to increase the magnitude of an input signal. Common classes include Class A which conducts through the full cycle, Class B which conducts through half a cycle, Class AB which conducts between half and full cycle, and Class D which is biased for digital signals and uses switching techniques. The classes are differentiated by their conduction angle and efficiency, with higher conduction angles corresponding to higher linearity but lower efficiency.
POWER AMPLIFIER- introduction to power amplifier.pptx
A power amplifier is the last amplifier stage that delivers power to the load. Power amplifiers are classified based on the proportion of the input cycle during which the amplifying device conducts current. Class A amplifiers conduct over the entire input cycle but have low efficiency. Class B amplifiers only amplify half of the cycle, improving efficiency but introducing distortion. Class AB is a compromise with better linearity than B. Class C has very high efficiency but is used for RF where distortion is controlled by a tuned load. Class D amplifiers use pulse-width modulation for very high efficiency.
Bani (2)
This document discusses different classes of amplifiers:
- Class A amplifiers have plate current flowing for the entire input cycle. They are the least efficient but introduce no crossover distortion.
- Class B amplifiers only have plate current during half the input cycle. They require push-pull topology and are more efficient but introduce crossover distortion.
- Class AB amplifiers have plate current for more than half but less than the full cycle. They have better efficiency than class A with less crossover distortion.
Class AB is most commonly used for guitar amplifiers as it balances efficiency and low distortion. The class does not depend on biasing method or output stage topology.
Agdon2
The document discusses different classes of amplifiers - A, B, AB, C, D, and E - based on their conduction angle.
Class A amplifiers have a conduction angle of 360 degrees, meaning the amplifying device remains on all the time. They are simple but very inefficient. Class B amplifiers have a conduction angle of 180 degrees and use two devices in a push-pull configuration to amplify opposite halves of the signal cycle, improving efficiency but introducing crossover distortion. Class AB amplifiers operate between class A and B to reduce crossover distortion. The document provides details on the characteristics and applications of different amplifier classes.
Gajendra
A Class D audio amplifier uses pulse-width modulation (PWM) to amplify audio signals with high efficiency of around 90-95%. It works by comparing an audio input signal to a high-frequency triangle wave, generating a PWM signal that drives an output stage. A low-pass filter then removes the high-frequency components, leaving the amplified audio signal. While more efficient than linear amplifiers, Class D amplifiers can have imperfections like dead time between switch transitions that introduce distortion. Dead time as small as tens of nanoseconds can generate over 1% total harmonic distortion. Proper timing of gate signals is important for low distortion.
Charles4
This document discusses different classes of amplifiers, including:
1. Class-A amplifiers are the simplest design and can produce the most distortion-free output. However, they are very inefficient due to having current flowing through the output devices at all times.
2. Class-B amplifiers use two transistors or groups of transistors, with one reproducing the top half of the waveform and the other reproducing the bottom half. They are more efficient than class-A but can produce crossover distortion.
3. Class-AB amplifiers are a compromise between class-A and class-B. They have a small bias current flowing at all times to eliminate crossover distortion while being more efficient than class-A
Basic electronics lecture 6
The document discusses different classes of amplifiers. It describes Class A amplifiers as simple designed amplifiers commonly used in audio systems due to their low distortion. Class B amplifiers use two transistors in a push-pull arrangement to amplify either the positive or negative half of the waveform. Class AB combines aspects of Class A and B. Class C amplifiers have poor linearity but high efficiency. Class D, S, T, F, and G amplifiers are switching amplifiers that can achieve near 100% efficiency.
Similar to Class b amplifier (20)
Amplifier classes of operation and biasing networks latest
Amplifier classes of operation and biasing networks latest
POWER AMPLIFIER- introduction to power amplifier.pptx
POWER AMPLIFIER- introduction to power amplifier.pptx
More from Gauravsinh Parmar
Data serializing
This document discusses various methods of serializing data, including binary coded decimal (BCD) and ASCII encoding schemes. It provides examples of converting between ASCII, unpacked BCD, and packed BCD representations. Specific topics covered include serializing a byte of data one bit at a time, swapping nibbles, converting between I/O port binary and 7-segment display BCD, real-time clock packed BCD to ASCII conversion, and C code examples.
Necessity for dryers
Industrial dryers are used to efficiently reduce the moisture levels of bulk materials as part of manufacturing processes. Drying is commonly the last stage and is done through heating or desiccant methods to improve properties or allow for easier transportation and handling. There are different dryer types for various materials and quantities, including heatless desiccant dryers which use regenerating towers to continuously supply dry air, and refrigerant dryers which use cooling to condense moisture for removal. Selection of dryers depends on factors like flow capacity and drying needs.
Floating mode controller
This document describes floating control mode in industrial processes. In floating control mode, the controller output does not have a unique value determined by the error - it "floats" at its current setting when error is zero. There are two main types: single speed, where the output changes at a fixed rate when error exceeds the neutral zone, and multiple speed, where the output rate increases as deviation exceeds certain limits. Equations are provided to model the behavior of single and multiple speed floating control modes.
Block Diagram Reduction
This document discusses block diagram reduction techniques. It provides 10 rules for combining blocks in a control system diagram to simplify the overall transfer function. The rules cover combining blocks in series and parallel, eliminating feedback loops, shifting summing and take-off points, and applying associative laws. The goal is to obtain a single transfer function to represent the overall system. Examples are provided to demonstrate applying the rules to shift elements in the diagram while maintaining equivalent outputs.
3 phase x'mer windings
This document discusses different types of winding configurations for 3-phase transformers. It describes the advantages and disadvantages of single-unit vs bank configurations. It then covers the various connection types for 3-phase transformers including star-star, delta-delta, star-delta, delta-star, Scott T-T, and open delta V-V. Each connection type has unique features regarding voltage levels, phase shifts, neutral points, and handling of unbalanced loads.
Sweep Frequency Generator
The document discusses sweep frequency generators, which generate a sinusoidal output signal that is automatically varied or swept between two selectable frequencies. It describes the key components of a sweep frequency generator, including the master oscillator which produces a constant frequency signal, and a voltage controlled oscillator whose output frequency varies. The outputs of these oscillators are combined using a mixer to produce the swept frequency output signal. Sweep frequency generators are used to measure the responses of amplifiers, filters, and other electronic components over different frequency bands.
Cycloidal curves
Cycloidal curves are generated by a point on the circumference of a circle rolling along a straight line or another circle without slipping. There are several types of cycloidal curves including cycloids, epicycloids, hypocycloids, trochoids, and involutes. Cycloidal curves have applications in engineering areas like gear design, architecture, and kinematics due to their smooth rolling motion properties.
Ditial to Analog Converter
This document discusses digital to analog converters (DACs). It explains that a DAC converts digital numbers into analog voltages or currents. The key components of a DAC are its digital input, analog output, and conversion process. Common DAC types include binary weighted resistor DACs and R-2R ladder DACs, which use resistors and switches to implement the conversion. Important DAC specifications are also outlined such as reference voltage, resolution, speed, settling time, and linearity. Common applications of DACs include function generators, digital oscilloscopes, and converting digital video signals to analog formats for display.
More from Gauravsinh Parmar (8)
Recently uploaded
Applications of artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering.pdf
Historically, mechanical engineering has relied heavily on human expertise and empirical methods to solve complex problems. With the introduction of computer-aided design (CAD) and finite element analysis (FEA), the field took its first steps towards digitization. These tools allowed engineers to simulate and analyze mechanical systems with greater accuracy and efficiency. However, the sheer volume of data generated by modern engineering systems and the increasing complexity of these systems have necessitated more advanced analytical tools, paving the way for AI.
AI offers the capability to process vast amounts of data, identify patterns, and make predictions with a level of speed and accuracy unattainable by traditional methods. This has profound implications for mechanical engineering, enabling more efficient design processes, predictive maintenance strategies, and optimized manufacturing operations. AI-driven tools can learn from historical data, adapt to new information, and continuously improve their performance, making them invaluable in tackling the multifaceted challenges of modern mechanical engineering.
Design and optimization of ion propulsion drone
Electric propulsion technology is widely used in many kinds of vehicles in recent years, and aircrafts are no exception. Technically, UAVs are electrically propelled but tend to produce a significant amount of noise and vibrations. Ion propulsion technology for drones is a potential solution to this problem. Ion propulsion technology is proven to be feasible in the earth’s atmosphere. The study presented in this article shows the design of EHD thrusters and power supply for ion propulsion drones along with performance optimization of high-voltage power supply for endurance in earth’s atmosphere.
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.
Data Driven Maintenance | UReason Webinar
Discover the latest insights on Data Driven Maintenance with our comprehensive webinar presentation. Learn about traditional maintenance challenges, the right approach to utilizing data, and the benefits of adopting a Data Driven Maintenance strategy. Explore real-world examples, industry best practices, and innovative solutions like FMECA and the D3M model. This presentation, led by expert Jules Oudmans, is essential for asset owners looking to optimize their maintenance processes and leverage digital technologies for improved efficiency and performance. Download now to stay ahead in the evolving maintenance landscape.
Rainfall intensity duration frequency curve statistical analysis and modeling...
Using data from 41 years in Patna’ India’ the study’s goal is to analyze the trends of how often it rains on a weekly, seasonal, and annual basis (1981−2020). First, utilizing the intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curve and the relationship by statistically analyzing rainfall’ the historical rainfall data set for Patna’ India’ during a 41 year period (1981−2020), was evaluated for its quality. Changes in the hydrologic cycle as a result of increased greenhouse gas emissions are expected to induce variations in the intensity, length, and frequency of precipitation events. One strategy to lessen vulnerability is to quantify probable changes and adapt to them. Techniques such as log-normal, normal, and Gumbel are used (EV-I). Distributions were created with durations of 1, 2, 3, 6, and 24 h and return times of 2, 5, 10, 25, and 100 years. There were also mathematical correlations discovered between rainfall and recurrence interval.
Findings: Based on findings, the Gumbel approach produced the highest intensity values, whereas the other approaches produced values that were close to each other. The data indicates that 461.9 mm of rain fell during the monsoon season’s 301st week. However, it was found that the 29th week had the greatest average rainfall, 92.6 mm. With 952.6 mm on average, the monsoon season saw the highest rainfall. Calculations revealed that the yearly rainfall averaged 1171.1 mm. Using Weibull’s method, the study was subsequently expanded to examine rainfall distribution at different recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, and 25 years. Rainfall and recurrence interval mathematical correlations were also developed. Further regression analysis revealed that short wave irrigation, wind direction, wind speed, pressure, relative humidity, and temperature all had a substantial influence on rainfall.
Originality and value: The results of the rainfall IDF curves can provide useful information to policymakers in making appropriate decisions in managing and minimizing floods in the study area.
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
原版制作(Humboldt毕业证书)柏林大学毕业证学位证一模一样
原件一模一样【微信：bwp0011】《(Humboldt毕业证书)柏林大学毕业证学位证》【微信：bwp0011】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问微bwp0011
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【微bwp0011】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【微bwp0011】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
官方认证美国密歇根州立大学毕业证学位证书原版一模一样
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【美国密歇根州立大学毕业证学位证书】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
An improved modulation technique suitable for a three level flying capacitor ...
This research paper introduces an innovative modulation technique for controlling a 3-level flying capacitor multilevel inverter (FCMLI), aiming to streamline the modulation process in contrast to conventional methods. The proposed
simplified modulation technique paves the way for more straightforward and
efficient control of multilevel inverters, enabling their widespread adoption and
integration into modern power electronic systems. Through the amalgamation of
sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) with a high-frequency square wave
pulse, this controlling technique attains energy equilibrium across the coupling
capacitor. The modulation scheme incorporates a simplified switching pattern
and a decreased count of voltage references, thereby simplifying the control
algorithm.
cnn.pptx Convolutional neural network used for image classication
Convolutional Neural Network used for image classification
LLM Fine Tuning with QLoRA Cassandra Lunch 4, presented by Anant
Slides for the 4th Presentation on LLM Fine-Tuning with QLoRA Presented by Anant, featuring DataStax Astra
Computational Engineering IITH Presentation
This Presentation will give you a brief idea about what Computational Engineering at IIT Hyderabad has to offer.
2008 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Illustrated - Ching Chapter 02 The Building.pdf
2008 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Illustrated - Ching Chapter 02 The Building
Null Bangalore | Pentesters Approach to AWS IAM
#Abstract:
- Learn more about the real-world methods for auditing AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management) as a pentester. So let us proceed with a brief discussion of IAM as well as some typical misconfigurations and their potential exploits in order to reinforce the understanding of IAM security best practices.
- Gain actionable insights into AWS IAM policies and roles, using hands on approach.
#Prerequisites:
- Basic understanding of AWS services and architecture
- Familiarity with cloud security concepts
- Experience using the AWS Management Console or AWS CLI.
- For hands on lab create account on [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
# Scenario Covered:
- Basics of IAM in AWS
- Implementing IAM Policies with Least Privilege to Manage S3 Bucket
- Objective: Create an S3 bucket with least privilege IAM policy and validate access.
- Steps:
- Create S3 bucket.
- Attach least privilege policy to IAM user.
- Validate access.
- Exploiting IAM PassRole Misconfiguration
-Allows a user to pass a specific IAM role to an AWS service (ec2), typically used for service access delegation. Then exploit PassRole Misconfiguration granting unauthorized access to sensitive resources.
- Objective: Demonstrate how a PassRole misconfiguration can grant unauthorized access.
- Steps:
- Allow user to pass IAM role to EC2.
- Exploit misconfiguration for unauthorized access.
- Access sensitive resources.
- Exploiting IAM AssumeRole Misconfiguration with Overly Permissive Role
- An overly permissive IAM role configuration can lead to privilege escalation by creating a role with administrative privileges and allow a user to assume this role.
- Objective: Show how overly permissive IAM roles can lead to privilege escalation.
- Steps:
- Create role with administrative privileges.
- Allow user to assume the role.
- Perform administrative actions.
- Differentiation between PassRole vs AssumeRole
Try at [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
Recently uploaded (20)
Applications of artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering.pdf
Applications of artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering.pdf
Data Control Language.pptx Data Control Language.pptx
Data Control Language.pptx Data Control Language.pptx
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024
Rainfall intensity duration frequency curve statistical analysis and modeling...
Rainfall intensity duration frequency curve statistical analysis and modeling...
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...
Manufacturing Process of molasses based distillery ppt.pptx
Manufacturing Process of molasses based distillery ppt.pptx
An improved modulation technique suitable for a three level flying capacitor ...
An improved modulation technique suitable for a three level flying capacitor ...
cnn.pptx Convolutional neural network used for image classication
cnn.pptx Convolutional neural network used for image classication
LLM Fine Tuning with QLoRA Cassandra Lunch 4, presented by Anant
LLM Fine Tuning with QLoRA Cassandra Lunch 4, presented by Anant
2008 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Illustrated - Ching Chapter 02 The Building.pdf
2008 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Illustrated - Ching Chapter 02 The Building.pdf
Class b amplifier
- 1. CLASS B AMPLIFIER Gauravsinh Parmar (170410117023) Neel Patel (170410117033)
- 2. CLASS B AMPLIFIER Class B amplifier is a type of power amplifier where the active device (transistor) conducts only for one half cycle of the input signal. That means the conduction angle is 180° for a Class B amplifier. Since the active device is switched off for half the input cycle, the active device dissipates less power and hence the efficiency is improved. Theoretical maximum efficiency of Class B power amplifier is 78.5%. The schematic of a single ended Class B amplifier and input , output waveforms are shown
- 4. CLASS B The class B amplifier uses two complimentary transistor (NPN-PNP) for each half of the o/p waveform. One transistor conducts for one-half of the signal waveform while the other conducts for the other or opposite half of the signal waveform. This means that each transistor spends half of its time in the active region and half time in cut-off region thereby amplifying only 50%of the I/p signal.
- 5. COMMON-COLLECTOR CLASS B AMPLIFIER.
- 6. CLASS B PUSH-PULL AC OPERATION.
- 9. TRANSFORMER COUPLED PUSH-PULL AMPLIFIERS. Q1 CONDUCTS DURING THE POSITIVE HALF-CYCLE; Q2 CONDUCTS DURING THE NEGATIVE HALF-CYCLE. THE TWO HALVES ARE COMBINED BY THE OUTPUT TRANSFORMER.
- 10. BIASING THE PUSH-PULL AMPLIFIER TO ELIMINATE CROSSOVER DISTORTION.
- 13. CLASS B OUTPUT STAGE Q1 and Q2 form two unbiased emitter followers Q1 only conducts when the input is positive Q2 only conducts when the input is negative Conduction angle is, therefore, 180° When the input is zero, neither conducts i.e. the quiescent power dissipation is zero
- 14. CLASS B CURRENT WAVEFORMS Iout IC1 IC2 time time time
- 15. CLASS B EFFICIENCY Average power drawn from the positive supply: IC1 Phase, q A/RL 0 p 2p A sin(q) LL C R A R A II p qq p qq p pp 0 2 0 C11 dsin 2 1 d 2 1 1CSve IVP
- 16. EFFICIENCY / POWER DISSIPATION Peak efficiency of the class B output stage is 78.5 %, much higher than class A. Unlike class A, power dissipation varies with output amplitude. Remember, there are two output devices so the power dissipation is shared between them.
- 17. CLASS B Class B amplifiers are used in low cost designs or designs where sound quality is not that important. Class B amplifiers are significantly more efficient than class A amps. They suffer from bad distortion when the signal level is low (the distortion in this region of operation is called "crossover distortion").
- 18. ADVANTAGES The Collector efficiency quite high due to class B operation. Distortion free o/p is obtained, they give more ac o/p power. They are light in weight. o/p transformer use to push pull amplifier circuit are light, smaller and less expensive.
- 19. DISADVANTAGES Two identical transformer required. It required two equal and opposite voltage at the I/p. If the parameter of the two transistor differ, there’ll be unequal amplification of the two halves of the signal which introduce more distortion.