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Cisc mc68000
- 4. Name CISC (Complex Instruction Set Computer) In CS Field we always believe that Complexity ∞ Functionalities
- 5. CISC • Majority of the processors used in desktop machines are CISC processors. • Now the question is that: What is Desktop Machine? A desktop machine is a computer that is designed to stay in a single location. It may be a tower ( also known as a system unit ) or in all-in-one machine , such as an iMac.
- 6. Name(Continued) What is Microprocessor? A microprocessor , sometimes called a logic chip, The microprocessor contain all , or most of the functions of CPU. Microprocessor is the engine that goes into motion when you turn your computer on, A microprocessor is designed to perform arithmetic and logic operations
- 7. History • This processor is formed in 1979 by development team of Motorola When we hear about named Motorola the very next thing in our mind comes out its an organization which makes mobile but the reality is that this organization actually knows for there processor more as compared to their mobility work.
- 8. Reason Of Manufacturing This processor is formed for house hold usage means this processor helps to personal computer to provide some better functionalities. The most well known face of or usage of MC68000 is in the game of SEGA organization all of the games launched by this development team are based on this processor.
- 9. Reason(Continued) The major reason of this processor is to compete with their traditional rivalries intel. This processor is formed to compete with Intel 8086 and there is a big competition is saw between of them but no doubt they make a new era of gaming at home.
- 10. Macintosh
- 11. Agenda Architecture Of CISC : MC68000
- 12. External Architecture It contains 64 pins and with help of this we embed this microprocessor on the systems and this processor perform communication with other parts of a system with these pins. Not only that these are connected with some register inside the processor.
- 14. Data Registers • This segment contain 8 registers D0-D7. • This segment has the size of 32 bit. • The major work done in this segment is data Manipulation and we can manipulate data using different operations.
- 16. Address Register • This segment contain 8 registers A0-A7, while A7 is divided into 2 parts. • The address registers are used to store addresses of locations in main memory. In other words, address registers are pointers to locations in memory. • These registers are used as addressing mode in MC68000
- 17. Address Register(Continued) • In this segment we use actually nine register as you seen in previous picture we have two parts of A7 register. • This register contain stack pointers. And there is two stack pointers due to its privilege state.
- 18. What is Privilege State? One of the best specification of MC68000 is that this processor can be supervised by system or user. Privilege state describes that is it the control in the hands of user or system, both of them has their own stacks and their own pointers which can’t be used at the same time therefore it lie in the same register.
- 19. Internal Architecture(Continued) 3rd Segment • It contains the detail about which instruction to be send to process in processor. • Its 1st 24 bits are used in initial implementation while remaining 8 can be manipulated.
- 20. Internal Architecture(Continued) 4th Segment • This segment is often named as Condition Code Register or Status Register. • In this we have number of flags used to perform some simple operations.
- 21. Data Manipulation MC 68000 support limited data types and manipulate only that data which has following data types: • Integer (ADD, SUBTRACT, MULTIPLY, DIVIDE,' NEGATE, COMPARE) • Logical (AND, OR, EXCLUSIVE OR COMPLEMENT, COMPARE) • Boolean (AND, OR, EXCLUSIVE OR, COMPLEMENT) • Bit (SET, CLEAR, CHANGE) • String (STRING MOVE, STRING SEARCH)
- 22. 8086 vs 68000 8086 68000 • Contains 14 (16 bit) registers . contains 18 (32 bit) & 1 (16 bit) registers. • Four of which can be used as 8 (32 bit) data registers named D0 to D7. two eight-bit registers. Seven (32 bit) address registers, names as A0 to • Four “general purpose” registers A7. Called AX , BX , CX, DX. Has (32 bit) pc. There two halves can be referenced Two (32 bit) stack pointers USP or A7 used in As (8 bit) AH, AL, BH, BL, CH, CL, DH user mode & SSP or A7 used in Supervisor mode. DL.
- 23. Continued 8086 68000 Has four (16 bit) index registers called (16 bit) status register (flag) called SP, BP, SI, DI. (16 bit) PC registers . Four Segment registers called CS, DS, SS ES. (16 bit) status register (flag)
- 24. continued 8086 68000 Addressing mode Addressing mode Have 12 general ways 8 general ways. Instruction sets Instruction sets SBB (subtract) SUBX(subtract). MOV MOVE
- 25. continued 8086 68000 address space 220 address space 224 little Endian Big Endian Not privilege Privilege one mode two modes
Editor's Notes
- Addressing Mode (An Addressing Mode defines how a machine language Instruction in any computer architecture identify the operands of each instruction)
- Bit 0, known as the C bit, is the carry bit. (It is set (to 1) whenever the result of an operation generates a carry) Bit 1, known as the V bit, is the overflow bit. (It is set if an operation results in arithmetic overflow in terms of two's complement arithmetic) Bit 2, known as the Z bit, is the zero bit. (It is set when the result of an operation is zero) Bit 3, known as the N bit, is the negative bit. (It is set when the result of an operation is negative) Bit 4, known as the X bit, is the extend bit. (It often has the same value as the C bit.)