Here are the key effects of high uric acid levels in the body:
- Gout - When uric acid crystallizes and forms needle-like deposits (tophi) in joints, tendons and surrounding tissue. This causes sudden, severe attacks of arthritis, usually in the big toe.
- Kidney stones - Uric acid can precipitate into hard, painful stones in the kidneys that can block urine flow if not treated.
- Kidney damage - Over time, high uric acid can damage the kidneys and impair their ability to excrete uric acid normally. This can lead to more severe hyperuricemia.
- Cardiovascular issues - Some research links long-term hyperur
If you or anyone you know has heart disease, hypertension, disorders of the heart valves, or cholesterol issues then you need this information. In this presentation you will learn about the circulatory system, risk factors, and what supplements you can take to help it achieve optimal health.
Be sure to order any supplements mentioned in this presesntation from NaturesSunshine.com (use sponsor number 2849323 / or search for MCM Products) or from BrilliantNaturalHealth.com.
lymphatic system, a subsystem of the circulatory system in the vertebrate body that consists of a complex network of vessels, tissues, and organs. The lymphatic system helps maintain fluid balance in the body by collecting excess fluid and particulate matter from tissues and depositing them in the bloodstream
Cardiovascular system (blood pressure, hypertension) Pharmacy Universe
The circulatory system, also called the cardiovascular system or the vascular system, is an organ system that permits blood to circulate and transport nutrients (such as amino acids and electrolytes), oxygen, carbon dioxide, hormones, and blood cells to and from the cells in the body to provide nourishment and help in fighting diseases, stabilize temperature and pH, and maintain homeostasis.
The circulatory system includes the lymphatic system, which circulates lymph.[1] The passage of lymph for example takes much longer than that of blood.[2] Blood is a fluid consisting of plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets that is circulated by the heart through the vertebrate vascular system, carrying oxygen and nutrients to and waste materials away from all body tissues. Lymph is essentially recycled excess blood plasma after it has been filtered from the interstitial fluid (between cells) and returned to the lymphatic system. The cardiovascular (from Latin words meaning "heart" and "vessel") system comprises the blood, heart, and blood vessels.[3] The lymph, lymph nodes, and lymph vessels form the lymphatic system, which returns filtered blood plasma from the interstitial fluid (between cells) as lymph.
If you or anyone you know has heart disease, hypertension, disorders of the heart valves, or cholesterol issues then you need this information. In this presentation you will learn about the circulatory system, risk factors, and what supplements you can take to help it achieve optimal health.
Be sure to order any supplements mentioned in this presesntation from NaturesSunshine.com (use sponsor number 2849323 / or search for MCM Products) or from BrilliantNaturalHealth.com.
lymphatic system, a subsystem of the circulatory system in the vertebrate body that consists of a complex network of vessels, tissues, and organs. The lymphatic system helps maintain fluid balance in the body by collecting excess fluid and particulate matter from tissues and depositing them in the bloodstream
Cardiovascular system (blood pressure, hypertension) Pharmacy Universe
The circulatory system, also called the cardiovascular system or the vascular system, is an organ system that permits blood to circulate and transport nutrients (such as amino acids and electrolytes), oxygen, carbon dioxide, hormones, and blood cells to and from the cells in the body to provide nourishment and help in fighting diseases, stabilize temperature and pH, and maintain homeostasis.
The circulatory system includes the lymphatic system, which circulates lymph.[1] The passage of lymph for example takes much longer than that of blood.[2] Blood is a fluid consisting of plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets that is circulated by the heart through the vertebrate vascular system, carrying oxygen and nutrients to and waste materials away from all body tissues. Lymph is essentially recycled excess blood plasma after it has been filtered from the interstitial fluid (between cells) and returned to the lymphatic system. The cardiovascular (from Latin words meaning "heart" and "vessel") system comprises the blood, heart, and blood vessels.[3] The lymph, lymph nodes, and lymph vessels form the lymphatic system, which returns filtered blood plasma from the interstitial fluid (between cells) as lymph.
A closed system of the heart and blood vessels
The heart pumps blood
Blood vessels allow blood to circulate to all parts of the body
The function of the cardiovascular system is to deliver oxygen and nutrients and to remove carbon dioxide and other waste products
A closed system of the heart and blood vessels
The heart pumps blood
Blood vessels allow blood to circulate to all parts of the body
The function of the cardiovascular system is to deliver oxygen and nutrients and to remove carbon dioxide and other waste products
Cardiovascular System, Heart, Blood Vessel, ECG, Hypertension, Arrhythmia Audumbar Mali
Cardiovascular System,
Human Anatomy and Physiology-I,
The Blood Vessels,
The Heart,
The Electrocardiogram,
The Vascular Pathways,
As per PCI syllabus,
Atherosclerosis,
Coronary bypass operation,
Heart Transplants and Artificial Hearts
A closed system of the heart and blood vessels
The heart pumps blood
Blood vessels allow blood to circulate to all parts of the body
The function of the cardiovascular system is to deliver oxygen and nutrients and to remove carbon dioxide and other waste products
A closed system of the heart and blood vessels
The heart pumps blood
Blood vessels allow blood to circulate to all parts of the body
The function of the cardiovascular system is to deliver oxygen and nutrients and to remove carbon dioxide and other waste products
Cardiovascular System, Heart, Blood Vessel, ECG, Hypertension, Arrhythmia Audumbar Mali
Cardiovascular System,
Human Anatomy and Physiology-I,
The Blood Vessels,
The Heart,
The Electrocardiogram,
The Vascular Pathways,
As per PCI syllabus,
Atherosclerosis,
Coronary bypass operation,
Heart Transplants and Artificial Hearts
The Human Blood Circulatory system
Humans and other vertebrates have a closed blood circulatory system:
This system consists of
the heart (pump),
series of blood vessels
the blood that flows through them.
This means that circulating blood is pumped through a system of vessels.
Functions of Human Blood Circulatory System
1. oxygen
2. carbon dioxide
3 nutrients
4. water
5. ions
6. hormones
7. antibodies
8. metabolic wastes
Coronary circulation is the circulation of blood in the blood vessels of the heart muscle (myocardium). It provides oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle while removing carbon dioxide and other waste products. The coronary arteries branch off from the aorta and supply blood to the heart muscle. When these arteries become narrowed or blocked due to conditions like atherosclerosis, it can lead to coronary artery disease and potentially heart attacks.Coronary circulation is considered a type of systemic circulation because it is part of the larger circulatory system that supplies oxygenated blood to all the tissues and organs of the body, including the heart muscle itself. It is distinct from other types of circulation, such as pulmonary circulation, which involves the flow of blood between the heart and the lungs.
Coronary circulation branches off from the main systemic circulation. The coronary arteries, including the left coronary artery (which further divides into the left anterior descending artery and the circumflex artery) and the right coronary artery, are the main branches responsible for supplying blood to the heart muscle. These arteries then further divide into smaller branches and capillaries that penetrate the myocardium, ensuring oxygen and nutrients are delivered to all areas of the heart muscle.
Coronary circulation is vitally important because it supplies oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle, allowing it to function properly. The heart is a muscular organ that continuously pumps blood throughout the body, including to its own tissues. Without adequate coronary circulation, the heart muscle can become deprived of oxygen, leading to tissue damage, dysfunction, and potentially life-threatening conditions such as heart attacks or myocardial infarctions. Therefore, maintaining healthy coronary circulation is crucial for overall heart health and optimal functioning of the cardiovascular system.
Coronary circulation is clinically important for several reasons:
1. **Coronary Artery Disease (CAD):** CAD is a condition where the coronary arteries become narrowed or blocked due to a buildup of plaque (atherosclerosis). This can restrict blood flow to the heart muscle, leading to chest pain (angina), heart attacks, and potentially life-threatening complications.
2. **Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack):** When a coronary artery becomes completely blocked, it can cause a heart attack by depriving a portion of the heart muscle of oxygen and nutrients. Prompt medical intervention is critical to restore blood flow and prevent further damage to the heart.
3. **Diagnostic Tests:** Various diagnostic tests, such as coronary angiography and stress tests, are used to assess the function and integrity of the coronary circulation. These tests help diagnose coronary artery disease and guide treatment decisions.
4. **Interventions:** Procedures like percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) ..
This presentation is a combination of different slides which I re-purposed. I included a reference of all the slides I used at the end of my presentation.
The slides are our teaching material for Yoga Teacher Training Course of Yogalife International. Prepared by our Master Trainer Dr Babita Singh. To Joing our Yoga Teachers Training just reach us by info@yogalife.co.in
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
4. RED BLOOD CELLS
• Biconcave shape
• No nuclei
• Spongy cytoplasm enclosed
in an elastic cell membrane
• Red pigment called
hemoglobin
• Are made by the red bone
marrow of certain bones in
the skeleton: ribs, vertebrae
and breastbone
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5. Haemoglobin (Hb)
• Hb + O₂ oxyhaemoglobin (OHb)
In places where the O₂ concentration is low, OHb breaks down
and releases its O₂. Where??
• Oxygenated blood : contains mainly OHb.
• Deoxygenated blood : with little OHb.
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6. WBC (Leucocytes)
• Larger than red cells
• They have nuclei
• They are made in the bone marrow
• Life span of 120 days
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8. WBC (Phagocytes)
• They collect at the site of an infection, engulfing (ingesting)
and digesting harmful bacteria. They prevent the spread of
infection through the body.
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9. Platelets (Thrombocytes)
•Platelets are a component of blood whose
function (along with the coagulation factors)
is to react to bleeding from blood vessel
injury by clumping, thereby initiating a blood
clot.
• Platelets have no cell nucleus
•They are the fragments of cytoplasm that
are derived from the megakaryocytes of
the bone marrow, which then enter the
circulation
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14. Transport
Substance From To
Oxygen Lungs Whole body
Carbon dioxide Whole body lungs
Urea liver kidneys
Hormones glands Target organs
Digested food intestine Whole body
Heat (opening and closingof
blood vessels)
Abdomen and muscle Whole body
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15. DEFENCE AGAINST INFECTIONS
• WHITE CELLS:
- Phagocytes: - at the sites of a wound
-in the blood capillaries
-in lymph nodes
ingest harmful bacteria and stop them
entering the general circulation
- Lymphocytes: Production of antibodies
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16. CLOTTING
• When tissue is damaged and blood vessels cut
• Platelets clump together and block the smaller capillaries.
• Fibrinogen fibrin (network of fibres across
the wound)
• Red cells become trapped in this network and form a blood
clot.
↓ entry of harmful bacteria
prevents
further loss of blood
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17. Human Heart
• 4 chambers:
- 2 atria (thin-walled)
- 2 ventricles (thick- walled)
• Veins: deoxygenated blood except pulmonary vein
• Arteries: Oxygenated blood except pulmonary artery
• Valves: They stop blood flowing backwards.
• Coronary arteries: They supply the heart muscle with
food and oxygen.
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18. Heart Anatomy
The heart is a muscular pump with four chambers and an
equal number of valves.
The two chambers at the top of the heart are known as
the atria, a right and a left.
The two bottom chambers are the ventricles.
The atria receive blood that returns from the different
parts of the body
the ventricles pump that blood back to all body tissues.
Valves that separate the atria from the ventricles are
called the atrio-ventricular valves. There are two:
the tricuspid on the right and the mitral on the left.
Valves at the ventricular outlets are called semi-
lunar valves. The two semi-lunar valves are
the pulmonary and the aortic
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19. Heart Anatomy
The heart wall consists of three layers: the
outer epicardium, the middle myocardium, and the
inner endocardium.
The epicardium and endocardium are thin layers.
The myocardium forms the main bulk of the heart and is
made up of cardiac muscle fibers.
The outermost layer that surrounds the entire heart is called
the pericardium. There is presence of pericardial fluid which
protects heart from mechanical injury or sudden shock.
Vessels that carry blood away from the heart to the body are
called arteries, while those that bring it back are called veins.
The largest artery is named the aorta. It arises from the left
ventricle.
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21. HEART BEAT
• Heart rate, also known as pulse, is the number of times a
person's heart beats per minute.
• At rest: normal heart rate, 50-100 beats per minutes.
• During exercise: 200 beats/min
• The heart beat is initiated by the pacemaker, a small group of
specialized muscles cells at the top of the right atrium.
• Blood pressure is the pressure of circulating blood on the
walls of blood vessels.
• The normal blood pressure is 120/80 mm Hg. It means the
systolic pressure is 120 mm Hg and the diastolic pressure is
80 mm Hg.
• Blood pressure is measured by Sphygmomanometer.
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22. Cardiac Cycle
The cardiac cycle is defined as a sequence of alternating
contraction and relaxation of the atria and ventricles in order to
pump blood throughout the body
Each cardiac cycle has a diastolic phase and systolic phase.
Diastole: the heart chamber is in a state of relaxation and fills
with blood that receives from the veins and
Systole: the heart chambers are contracting and pumps the
blood towards the periphery via the arteries.
Both the atria and the ventricles undergo alternating states of
systole and diastole.
In other words, when the atria are in diastole, the ventricles
are in systole and vice versa.
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30. Diabetes (Blood Sugar Level)
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A disease in which the body’s ability to produce or respond to the hormone
insulin is impaired, resulting in abnormal metabolism of carbohydrates and
elevated levels of glucose in the blood.
Diabetes is a chronic, metabolic disease characterized by elevated levels of
blood glucose (or blood sugar), which leads over time to serious damage to
the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys and nerves
35. Uric Acid
Uric acid is a heterocyclic compound of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen
with the formula C₅H₄N₄O.
Uric acid is a chemical created when the body breaks down substances called
Purines. Purines are normally produced in the body and are also found in some
foods and drinks. Foods with high content of Purines include liver, anchovies,
mackerel, dried beans and peas, and beer.
A waste product left over from normal chemical processes in the body and
found in the urine and blood.
Abnormal buildup of uric acid in the body may cause a condition called gout.
Increased levels of uric acid in the blood and urine can be a side effect of
chemotherapy or radiation therapy.
Most of the time, a high uric acid level occurs when your kidneys don't eliminate
uric acid efficiently. Things that may cause this slow-down in the removal of uric
acid include rich foods, being overweight, having diabetes, taking certain diuretics
(sometimes called water pills) and drinking too much alcohol. Other less common
causes are a diet high in purine-containing items or your body producing too much
uric acid.
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36. Causes
Uric acid in blood plasma above normal range = Hyperuricemia
Uric acid in blood plasma below normal range = Hypouricemia
Causes of Hyperuricemia:
Diuretics (water retention relievers)
Drinking too much alcohol
High fructose corn syrup or table sugar
Purines-rich diet — liver, game meat, anchovies, sardines,
gravy, dried beans and peas, mushrooms, and other foods
Renal insufficiency (caused by rapid release of cells into blood
caused by certain cancers or by chemotherapy for those cancers)
Control:
Drinking a lot of water
Consuming baking soda
Consuming cherries (control burning pains)
Avoid red meat, dry pea, bean, gram, sea food
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37. Effects of High Uric Acid
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Symptom: Night time attack of swelling, tenderness, redness and sharp pain
in our big toes. It causes arthritis.
(Sudden burning pain, stiffness and swelling in joints)
(Reduced kidney excretion)