The slides are our teaching material for Yoga Teacher Training Course of Yogalife International. Prepared by our Master Trainer Dr Babita Singh. To Joing our Yoga Teachers Training just reach us by info@yogalife.co.in
The document summarizes the cardiorespiratory system and its response to exercise in 3 parts. The respiratory system is responsible for gas exchange and increases ventilation during exercise. The cardiovascular system transports oxygen and nutrients to tissues and removes waste; it responds to exercise by increasing heart rate, stroke volume, and cardiac output to deliver more oxygen to active muscles. Regular exercise can increase lung capacity and lower resting heart rate over time.
The cardiorespiratory system is responsible for endurance and is composed of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. The respiratory system removes carbon dioxide from the body and intakes oxygen through breathing, which has two phases - ventilation that moves air in and out of the lungs, and diffusion where gases are exchanged. During exercise, lung volume, breath rate, and cardiac output increase to supply more oxygen to working muscles. The cardiovascular system transports oxygen and nutrients to tissues through blood circulation. When exercising, the heart rate and stroke volume rise to boost cardiac output and increase blood flow to active muscles.
The circulatory system transports blood throughout the body, carrying oxygen, nutrients, water, and removing waste. Working with the respiratory system, it regulates body temperature and provides protection from infection by carrying antibodies. The heart acts as a pump to circulate blood through arteries, veins, and capillaries. Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart while veins return deoxygenated blood back to the heart. Capillaries connect arteries and veins and allow for exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in tissues.
The document discusses concepts related to respiratory and cardiovascular medicine. It covers topics such as the respiratory system including ventilation, gas exchange, gas transport, and cellular respiration. It also discusses the cardiovascular system including heart anatomy, the conducting system, the cardiac cycle, vascular system, blood pressure, and circulation to different organs. Key diseases of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems are also summarized.
The three main chambers of the heart are the two atria which receive blood, and the two ventricles which pump blood out of the heart. The right side receives deoxygenated blood and pumps it to the lungs, while the left side receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it out to the body. One-way flow is ensured by atrioventricular and semilunar valves. The cardiac cycle involves the coordinated contraction and relaxation of the heart chambers.
The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and blood vessels that circulate blood throughout the body. The heart has four chambers and uses valves to ensure one-way blood flow. It is regulated by the autonomic nervous system. During each cardiac cycle, the atria contract followed by ventricular contraction that pumps blood out of the heart into the arteries. Relaxation of the ventricles allows blood to flow back into the heart. The conductive system generates electrical signals that coordinate the heart's pumping action.
Blood vessels form a closed system that begins and ends at the heart. There are three main types of blood vessels - arteries, which transport blood away from the heart; capillaries, which allow for exchange of materials between blood and tissues; and veins, which carry blood from the capillaries back towards the heart. Arteries branch into smaller arteries and then arterioles, which feed into capillary beds. Blood then drains from the capillaries into venules and veins of increasing size until emptying back into the heart, completing its 60,000 mile journey through the body transporting blood to and from tissues.
The document summarizes the cardiorespiratory system and its response to exercise in 3 parts. The respiratory system is responsible for gas exchange and increases ventilation during exercise. The cardiovascular system transports oxygen and nutrients to tissues and removes waste; it responds to exercise by increasing heart rate, stroke volume, and cardiac output to deliver more oxygen to active muscles. Regular exercise can increase lung capacity and lower resting heart rate over time.
The cardiorespiratory system is responsible for endurance and is composed of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. The respiratory system removes carbon dioxide from the body and intakes oxygen through breathing, which has two phases - ventilation that moves air in and out of the lungs, and diffusion where gases are exchanged. During exercise, lung volume, breath rate, and cardiac output increase to supply more oxygen to working muscles. The cardiovascular system transports oxygen and nutrients to tissues through blood circulation. When exercising, the heart rate and stroke volume rise to boost cardiac output and increase blood flow to active muscles.
The circulatory system transports blood throughout the body, carrying oxygen, nutrients, water, and removing waste. Working with the respiratory system, it regulates body temperature and provides protection from infection by carrying antibodies. The heart acts as a pump to circulate blood through arteries, veins, and capillaries. Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart while veins return deoxygenated blood back to the heart. Capillaries connect arteries and veins and allow for exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in tissues.
The document discusses concepts related to respiratory and cardiovascular medicine. It covers topics such as the respiratory system including ventilation, gas exchange, gas transport, and cellular respiration. It also discusses the cardiovascular system including heart anatomy, the conducting system, the cardiac cycle, vascular system, blood pressure, and circulation to different organs. Key diseases of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems are also summarized.
The three main chambers of the heart are the two atria which receive blood, and the two ventricles which pump blood out of the heart. The right side receives deoxygenated blood and pumps it to the lungs, while the left side receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it out to the body. One-way flow is ensured by atrioventricular and semilunar valves. The cardiac cycle involves the coordinated contraction and relaxation of the heart chambers.
The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and blood vessels that circulate blood throughout the body. The heart has four chambers and uses valves to ensure one-way blood flow. It is regulated by the autonomic nervous system. During each cardiac cycle, the atria contract followed by ventricular contraction that pumps blood out of the heart into the arteries. Relaxation of the ventricles allows blood to flow back into the heart. The conductive system generates electrical signals that coordinate the heart's pumping action.
Blood vessels form a closed system that begins and ends at the heart. There are three main types of blood vessels - arteries, which transport blood away from the heart; capillaries, which allow for exchange of materials between blood and tissues; and veins, which carry blood from the capillaries back towards the heart. Arteries branch into smaller arteries and then arterioles, which feed into capillary beds. Blood then drains from the capillaries into venules and veins of increasing size until emptying back into the heart, completing its 60,000 mile journey through the body transporting blood to and from tissues.
The circulatory and respiratory systems are closely linked. The circulatory system transports oxygen to tissues via blood flow and removes carbon dioxide through a dual circuit pathway. The respiratory system oxygenates blood in the lungs through gas exchange and is regulated to meet metabolic demands through controlled breathing. Diseases that impact these systems like COPD and heart attacks disrupt their functions and ability to effectively deliver oxygen and remove wastes.
The cardiorespiratory system has two main functions: (1) to transport oxygen to tissues and remove waste, and (2) regulate body temperature. It consists of the cardiac system including the heart and blood vessels, and the respiratory system including the respiratory passageways and lungs. Together, these systems work to ensure proper gas exchange between the body and atmosphere by collecting oxygen from the environment and transporting it to tissues via the bloodstream.
The circulatory system transports blood around the body using the heart as a pump and a network of arteries, veins and capillaries. Deoxygenated blood enters the right side of the heart and is pumped to the lungs, where it receives oxygen and returns to the left side to be pumped through the body. Blood pressure is highest when the heart contracts and lowest when it relaxes. Nerves regulate heart rate and blood vessel diameter in response to stress and activity levels.
The document summarizes the cardiovascular system, including the five types of blood vessels - arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins. It describes how blood flows from the heart through arteries and arterioles to capillaries, then through venules and veins back to the heart. It also discusses how certain veins function as blood reservoirs and how the circulatory system is regulated through nervous system control and blood pressure.
The circulatory system transports oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and other materials throughout the body. Blood is pumped from the heart through arteries and returns via veins, with gas exchange occurring in capillaries. There are two main circuits - the pulmonary circuit carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs, and the systemic circuit carries oxygenated blood to the rest of the body. Contraction of the heart is initiated by the sinoatrial node and spreads through the heart muscle, pumping blood into arteries with each beat.
The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and blood vessels. The heart pumps blood through two circuits - the pulmonary circuit which circulates blood to the lungs, and the systemic circuit which pumps blood to the rest of the body. Blood flows through arteries, capillaries where gas exchange occurs, and veins which return blood to the heart. The cardiovascular system works to supply oxygen and nutrients to tissues and remove wastes through complex vascular pathways and pressure gradients established by the heart. Cardiovascular disorders like atherosclerosis and hypertension can develop when this delicate system is damaged or imbalanced.
Circulatory systems transport gases, nutrients, wastes, and more between cells and the environment. Open circulatory systems have blood directly bathe organs, while closed systems have blood in vessels separated from lymph. The mammalian heart has double circulation, pumping oxygenated blood through the body and deoxygenated blood to the lungs. Gas exchange occurs through diffusion as oxygen moves from high to low pressure areas in tissues, lungs, gills, and trachea.
The circulatory system consists of three main parts: blood vessels, heart, and blood. The heart pumps blood through arteries and veins using electrical signals from pacemaker cells. Blood carries oxygen, nutrients, waste, and other materials throughout the body via this one-way circulatory route. Key components of the circulatory system include the heart chambers, valves, blood vessels (arteries, veins, capillaries), and the blood flow cycle from lungs to body and back to lungs. The heartbeat and pulse are regulated by the heart's natural pacemaker and electrical conduction system.
The heart has two pumps - the right heart pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs and the left heart pumps oxygenated blood from the lungs to the rest of the body. Blood flows through the heart via the pulmonary and systemic circuits. The heart has four chambers separated by septa - the right and left atria receive blood returning to the heart while the right and left ventricles pump blood out of the heart. Heart valves prevent backflow of blood - atrioventricular valves between atria and ventricles and semilunar valves at the exits of the ventricles. Cardiac muscle has an extended action potential and refractory period compared to skeletal muscle to coordinate the pumping of the heart.
The document contains photographs and descriptions of the pulmonary valve viewed from above as it opens and closes. Figure 2A shows the valve partly open as blood flows from the right ventricle into the pulmonary trunk. Figure 2B shows the valve almost completely closed as the pressure in the pulmonary trunk is greater than in the right ventricle, forcing the valve cusps together.
Presentation on:
Describe the gross anatomy of heart under following: external features, surface markings and areas of auscultation.
List the components of examination of Cardiovascular System.
Define cardiac cycle and its phases.
Define venous return, stroke volume, cardiac output, preload, afterload and ejection fraction with their normal range.
This document provides an overview of the cardiovascular system, including:
- The main parts and functions of the heart and blood vessels.
- How blood flows through the heart chambers and circulates throughout the body and lungs via the pulmonary and systemic circulations.
- Key concepts like blood pressure and the heart's conduction system that regulates rhythms.
- Common diagnostic tests, pathologies, and congenital/acquired cardiovascular conditions.
This presentation provides a clear understanding of the physiology of the circulatory system. It focus lies on the division and component of the circulatory system, the three major function of the circulatory system, blood composition, structure of the heart, blood circulation; pulmonary and systemic circuit, valves of the heart, the pathway of blood flow through the heart, the cardiac cycle, pressure changes during the cardiac cycle; systole and diastole, cardiac output, heart sounds among others.
This presentation was designed by Fasama H. Kollie and presented by Benetta N. Kekulah, Cordelia Capehart and Abraham Peters.
The cardiovascular and respiratory systems work together to supply oxygen to tissues and remove carbon dioxide.
The cardiovascular system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. It circulates blood throughout the body, transporting oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste.
The respiratory system brings air into the lungs through inspiration and removes carbon dioxide through expiration. Gas exchange occurs in the lungs as oxygen diffuses into blood and carbon dioxide diffuses out.
Both systems respond to exercise through increased heart rate, blood flow, ventilation, and oxygen consumption to meet the higher demand of working muscles.
The circulatory system transports blood around the body which contains red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets suspended in plasma. Red blood cells contain hemoglobin and carry oxygen, while white blood cells help fight infection and platelets help with clotting. The heart pumps blood through arteries and veins with a dual circulation system. Blood vessels have valves to prevent backflow. The circulatory and lymphatic systems work together to fight infection, transport nutrients and remove waste throughout the body.
The document provides information about the cardio-vascular or circulatory system. It describes that the system includes the heart, blood vessels (arteries, veins, capillaries), and blood. The heart pumps blood through the vessels, carrying oxygen and nutrients to tissues and removing carbon dioxide and waste. Key components discussed include the chambers and vessels of the heart, blood cells like red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets, and how blood clotting works. The document also covers some common blood-borne diseases like HIV/AIDS and types of hepatitis.
This document summarizes the circulatory system. It describes how the closed circulatory system of vertebrates works, including the anatomy and function of the heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries. It also discusses the pulmonary and systemic circuits, lymphatic system, common cardiovascular disorders like hypertension, and the components and functions of blood.
The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and blood vessels. The heart is a muscular pump located behind the sternum that rhythmically contracts to circulate blood through 60,000 miles of vessels. The heart is divided into four chambers - the right and left atria receive blood, and the right and left ventricles pump it out. Blood contains red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets suspended in plasma and transports oxygen, nutrients, waste and defenses through the closed circulatory system. The cardiovascular system includes pulmonary circulation from the heart to the lungs and systemic circulation from the heart through the body.
The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and blood vessels. The heart pumps blood through arteries, capillaries, and veins to transport oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and remove wastes. The cardiovascular system has five major functions: transporting oxygen and removing carbon dioxide, transporting nutrients and removing wastes, fighting disease, transporting hormones, and regulating body temperature. Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart while veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart. Capillaries allow for the exchange of substances between blood and tissues. Tissue fluid is similar to blood plasma but lacks proteins and surrounds cells, exchanging nutrients and wastes. Excess tissue fluid drains into lymphatic vessels forming
The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and blood vessels. The heart is hollow and located in the thorax, protected by the pericardium. It pumps blood through the circulatory system via contraction and relaxation in a cardiac cycle. Blood flow is regulated by arteries, veins and capillaries which allow for gas and nutrient exchange. Blood pressure and flow are influenced by many factors including the heart, blood properties and vessel dynamics.
The circulatory and respiratory systems are closely linked. The circulatory system transports oxygen to tissues via blood flow and removes carbon dioxide through a dual circuit pathway. The respiratory system oxygenates blood in the lungs through gas exchange and is regulated to meet metabolic demands through controlled breathing. Diseases that impact these systems like COPD and heart attacks disrupt their functions and ability to effectively deliver oxygen and remove wastes.
The cardiorespiratory system has two main functions: (1) to transport oxygen to tissues and remove waste, and (2) regulate body temperature. It consists of the cardiac system including the heart and blood vessels, and the respiratory system including the respiratory passageways and lungs. Together, these systems work to ensure proper gas exchange between the body and atmosphere by collecting oxygen from the environment and transporting it to tissues via the bloodstream.
The circulatory system transports blood around the body using the heart as a pump and a network of arteries, veins and capillaries. Deoxygenated blood enters the right side of the heart and is pumped to the lungs, where it receives oxygen and returns to the left side to be pumped through the body. Blood pressure is highest when the heart contracts and lowest when it relaxes. Nerves regulate heart rate and blood vessel diameter in response to stress and activity levels.
The document summarizes the cardiovascular system, including the five types of blood vessels - arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins. It describes how blood flows from the heart through arteries and arterioles to capillaries, then through venules and veins back to the heart. It also discusses how certain veins function as blood reservoirs and how the circulatory system is regulated through nervous system control and blood pressure.
The circulatory system transports oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and other materials throughout the body. Blood is pumped from the heart through arteries and returns via veins, with gas exchange occurring in capillaries. There are two main circuits - the pulmonary circuit carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs, and the systemic circuit carries oxygenated blood to the rest of the body. Contraction of the heart is initiated by the sinoatrial node and spreads through the heart muscle, pumping blood into arteries with each beat.
The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and blood vessels. The heart pumps blood through two circuits - the pulmonary circuit which circulates blood to the lungs, and the systemic circuit which pumps blood to the rest of the body. Blood flows through arteries, capillaries where gas exchange occurs, and veins which return blood to the heart. The cardiovascular system works to supply oxygen and nutrients to tissues and remove wastes through complex vascular pathways and pressure gradients established by the heart. Cardiovascular disorders like atherosclerosis and hypertension can develop when this delicate system is damaged or imbalanced.
Circulatory systems transport gases, nutrients, wastes, and more between cells and the environment. Open circulatory systems have blood directly bathe organs, while closed systems have blood in vessels separated from lymph. The mammalian heart has double circulation, pumping oxygenated blood through the body and deoxygenated blood to the lungs. Gas exchange occurs through diffusion as oxygen moves from high to low pressure areas in tissues, lungs, gills, and trachea.
The circulatory system consists of three main parts: blood vessels, heart, and blood. The heart pumps blood through arteries and veins using electrical signals from pacemaker cells. Blood carries oxygen, nutrients, waste, and other materials throughout the body via this one-way circulatory route. Key components of the circulatory system include the heart chambers, valves, blood vessels (arteries, veins, capillaries), and the blood flow cycle from lungs to body and back to lungs. The heartbeat and pulse are regulated by the heart's natural pacemaker and electrical conduction system.
The heart has two pumps - the right heart pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs and the left heart pumps oxygenated blood from the lungs to the rest of the body. Blood flows through the heart via the pulmonary and systemic circuits. The heart has four chambers separated by septa - the right and left atria receive blood returning to the heart while the right and left ventricles pump blood out of the heart. Heart valves prevent backflow of blood - atrioventricular valves between atria and ventricles and semilunar valves at the exits of the ventricles. Cardiac muscle has an extended action potential and refractory period compared to skeletal muscle to coordinate the pumping of the heart.
The document contains photographs and descriptions of the pulmonary valve viewed from above as it opens and closes. Figure 2A shows the valve partly open as blood flows from the right ventricle into the pulmonary trunk. Figure 2B shows the valve almost completely closed as the pressure in the pulmonary trunk is greater than in the right ventricle, forcing the valve cusps together.
Presentation on:
Describe the gross anatomy of heart under following: external features, surface markings and areas of auscultation.
List the components of examination of Cardiovascular System.
Define cardiac cycle and its phases.
Define venous return, stroke volume, cardiac output, preload, afterload and ejection fraction with their normal range.
This document provides an overview of the cardiovascular system, including:
- The main parts and functions of the heart and blood vessels.
- How blood flows through the heart chambers and circulates throughout the body and lungs via the pulmonary and systemic circulations.
- Key concepts like blood pressure and the heart's conduction system that regulates rhythms.
- Common diagnostic tests, pathologies, and congenital/acquired cardiovascular conditions.
This presentation provides a clear understanding of the physiology of the circulatory system. It focus lies on the division and component of the circulatory system, the three major function of the circulatory system, blood composition, structure of the heart, blood circulation; pulmonary and systemic circuit, valves of the heart, the pathway of blood flow through the heart, the cardiac cycle, pressure changes during the cardiac cycle; systole and diastole, cardiac output, heart sounds among others.
This presentation was designed by Fasama H. Kollie and presented by Benetta N. Kekulah, Cordelia Capehart and Abraham Peters.
The cardiovascular and respiratory systems work together to supply oxygen to tissues and remove carbon dioxide.
The cardiovascular system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. It circulates blood throughout the body, transporting oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste.
The respiratory system brings air into the lungs through inspiration and removes carbon dioxide through expiration. Gas exchange occurs in the lungs as oxygen diffuses into blood and carbon dioxide diffuses out.
Both systems respond to exercise through increased heart rate, blood flow, ventilation, and oxygen consumption to meet the higher demand of working muscles.
The circulatory system transports blood around the body which contains red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets suspended in plasma. Red blood cells contain hemoglobin and carry oxygen, while white blood cells help fight infection and platelets help with clotting. The heart pumps blood through arteries and veins with a dual circulation system. Blood vessels have valves to prevent backflow. The circulatory and lymphatic systems work together to fight infection, transport nutrients and remove waste throughout the body.
The document provides information about the cardio-vascular or circulatory system. It describes that the system includes the heart, blood vessels (arteries, veins, capillaries), and blood. The heart pumps blood through the vessels, carrying oxygen and nutrients to tissues and removing carbon dioxide and waste. Key components discussed include the chambers and vessels of the heart, blood cells like red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets, and how blood clotting works. The document also covers some common blood-borne diseases like HIV/AIDS and types of hepatitis.
This document summarizes the circulatory system. It describes how the closed circulatory system of vertebrates works, including the anatomy and function of the heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries. It also discusses the pulmonary and systemic circuits, lymphatic system, common cardiovascular disorders like hypertension, and the components and functions of blood.
The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and blood vessels. The heart is a muscular pump located behind the sternum that rhythmically contracts to circulate blood through 60,000 miles of vessels. The heart is divided into four chambers - the right and left atria receive blood, and the right and left ventricles pump it out. Blood contains red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets suspended in plasma and transports oxygen, nutrients, waste and defenses through the closed circulatory system. The cardiovascular system includes pulmonary circulation from the heart to the lungs and systemic circulation from the heart through the body.
The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and blood vessels. The heart pumps blood through arteries, capillaries, and veins to transport oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and remove wastes. The cardiovascular system has five major functions: transporting oxygen and removing carbon dioxide, transporting nutrients and removing wastes, fighting disease, transporting hormones, and regulating body temperature. Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart while veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart. Capillaries allow for the exchange of substances between blood and tissues. Tissue fluid is similar to blood plasma but lacks proteins and surrounds cells, exchanging nutrients and wastes. Excess tissue fluid drains into lymphatic vessels forming
The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and blood vessels. The heart is hollow and located in the thorax, protected by the pericardium. It pumps blood through the circulatory system via contraction and relaxation in a cardiac cycle. Blood flow is regulated by arteries, veins and capillaries which allow for gas and nutrient exchange. Blood pressure and flow are influenced by many factors including the heart, blood properties and vessel dynamics.
The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and blood vessels. The heart is hollow and located in the thorax, protected by the pericardium. It pumps blood through the circulatory system via contraction and relaxation. Blood flows from the heart through arteries, then capillaries where gas exchange occurs, and returns to the heart through veins, aided by valves. The heart's rhythm is regulated by electrical conduction pathways and nerves.
The circulatory system transports oxygenated blood from the heart to organs via arteries and arterioles, and deoxygenated blood is returned to the heart via veins and venules. The heart has its own blood supply through the coronary circulation. Blood pressure is a measure of the force used to pump blood around the body and is measured using a sphygmomanometer. Haemoglobin is a protein that carries oxygen in red blood cells and can bind up to four oxygen molecules at a time to transport oxygen around the body.
The circulatory system transports oxygenated blood from the heart to organs via arteries and arterioles, and deoxygenated blood is returned to the heart via veins and venules. The heart has its own blood supply through the coronary circulation. Blood pressure is a measure of the force used to pump blood around the body and is measured using a sphygmomanometer. Haemoglobin is a protein that carries oxygen in red blood cells and can bind up to four oxygen molecules to transport oxygen around the body.
The document discusses the cardiovascular system, including that it consists of the heart and blood vessels, and describes the heart's structure of four chambers and role in pumping blood through two circuits to transport blood, oxygen, nutrients and waste throughout the body. Key functions of the cardiovascular system are also explained such as generating blood pressure, electrical stimulation of the heart, and blood flow from arteries to veins and back to the heart in a continuous circulation.
The circulatory system delivers oxygenated blood from the heart to organs via arteries and arterioles, and returns deoxygenated blood from organs to the heart via veins and venules. The heart has its own blood supply through the coronary circulation. Blood pressure is a measure of the force used to pump blood around the body and is measured using a sphygmomanometer. Common cardiovascular disease diagnostic tests include blood counts, blood tests, and electrocardiograms. Hemoglobin is a protein that carries oxygen in red blood cells and can bind up to four oxygen molecules to transport oxygen around the body.
The circulatory system transports oxygenated blood from the heart to organs via arteries and arterioles, and deoxygenated blood is returned to the heart via veins and venules. The heart has its own blood supply through the coronary circulation. Blood pressure is a measure of the force used to pump blood around the body and is measured using a sphygmomanometer. Haemoglobin is a protein that carries oxygen in red blood cells and can bind up to four oxygen molecules at a time to transport oxygen around the body.
The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and blood vessels. The heart pumps blood through a network of arteries, capillaries and veins. The heart has four chambers and is composed of three layers. It is located in the chest cavity slightly left of center. The heart's natural pacemaker, the sinoatrial node, initiates electrical impulses that cause coordinated contractions. Blood pressure, cardiac output and peripheral resistance determine blood flow. Diseases can disrupt blood flow and oxygen delivery, like atherosclerosis, heart failure and ischemic heart disease including angina and myocardial infarction.
The circulatory system transports oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and removes waste through two circuits - the pulmonary and systemic circuits. The pulmonary circuit transports deoxygenated blood to the lungs and the systemic circuit transports oxygenated blood to the rest of the body. The heart pumps blood through arteries, veins, and capillaries which allow for gas and nutrient exchange. Blood consists of plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
The document summarizes key aspects of the cardiovascular system and haemoglobin. It defines the circulatory system and its components like arteries, veins, and capillaries. It explains that the heart has its own blood supply via the coronary circulation. It defines systemic blood pressure and how it is measured. It lists common diagnostic tests for cardiovascular disease and risk factors. It also describes the role of haemoglobin as an oxygen-transporting protein in red blood cells.
The human heart is a hollow, muscular organ located in the chest cavity between the lungs. It is about the size of a fist and pumps blood throughout the body via the circulatory system. The heart has four chambers and uses valves to ensure blood flows in only one direction. It beats over 100,000 times per day, pumping about 7,200 liters of blood total to supply the entire body with oxygen and nutrients.
The circulatory system distributes nutrients and oxygen to cells and removes waste. It consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The heart pumps blood through arteries, capillaries, and veins. Blood carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste. It contains plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Circulatory systems vary between insects, fish, amphibians and humans but all transport substances around the body.
The document discusses the circulatory system and blood transport in animals. It describes single and double circulatory systems. In a single circulation, blood travels from the heart to the gills to absorb oxygen and then to the organs before returning to the heart. In a double circulation, there are two circuits - one where blood passes from the heart to the lungs to absorb oxygen and release carbon dioxide, and another where blood passes from the heart to the organs and tissues to deliver oxygen before returning to the heart. A double circulation has evolved to create more pressure to pump blood around the system and separate oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor blood.
The Human Blood Circulatory system
Humans and other vertebrates have a closed blood circulatory system:
This system consists of
the heart (pump),
series of blood vessels
the blood that flows through them.
This means that circulating blood is pumped through a system of vessels.
Functions of Human Blood Circulatory System
1. oxygen
2. carbon dioxide
3 nutrients
4. water
5. ions
6. hormones
7. antibodies
8. metabolic wastes
The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood through the circulatory system. It has four chambers - two upper atria and two lower ventricles. The right side receives deoxygenated blood and pumps it to the lungs, while the left side receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it out to the body. The heart's rhythm is controlled by the sinoatrial node, while electrical signals are conducted through the atrioventricular node and Purkinje fibers to coordinate contractions. Valves ensure blood flows in only one direction through the heart and vessels.
The cardiovascular system begins developing in the 4th week of embryo development. The heart beats 70 times per minute, 100,000 times per day, and over 2.5 billion times in a 70 year lifespan. It is located in the mediastinum between the lungs and has four chambers - left and right atria and left and right ventricles. Blood flows through the heart, lungs, and body via arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules and veins. The heart wall has three layers - endocardium, myocardium, and epicardium. Blood pressure is influenced by many physiological and pathological factors like age, sex, meals, emotions, exercise, sleep, and disease states.
The document discusses the anatomy and physiology of the heart. It begins by outlining the topics to be covered, including the functions, size/location, anatomy, histology, stimulation, and cardiac cycle of the heart. It then delves into the specific details of each topic. The heart has four chambers and valves that ensure one-way blood flow. Specialized cardiac muscle and conduction pathways coordinate heart contractions. The coronary arteries supply blood to the heart muscle itself.
1) Mammals require transport systems like the circulatory system to efficiently deliver oxygen and nutrients to cells throughout the body since diffusion is only effective over short distances. The circulatory system can be open, closed, or a double circulatory system.
2) In a closed circulatory system, blood remains within blood vessels and nutrients/gases are exchanged through vessel walls. A double circulatory system has two circuits - pulmonary and systemic - allowing blood to pass through the heart twice.
3) Diseases can occur if cholesterol builds up in artery walls, restricting blood flow and oxygen delivery. This can cause heart attacks, strokes, aneurysms, and high blood pressure. Proper diet, exercise, and managing
These slides are for Yoga Teachers or students of Yoga for understanding the disease and what Yoga program we can offer to our client when they reach you for help. Although every individual is unique and Yoga Therapy should also be made considering what level of disease they are going through.
Disclaimer: We dont take any responsibility if someone starts to follow the program as mentioned in the PPT for any harm or injury.
These slides are for Yoga Teachers or students of Yoga for understanding the disease and what Yoga program we can offer to our client when they reach you for help. Although every individual is unique and Yoga Therapy should also be made considering what level of disease they are going through.
Disclaimer: We dont take any responsibility if someone starts to follow the program as mentioned in the PPT for any harm or injury.
These slides are for Yoga Teachers or students of Yoga for understanding the disease and what Yoga program we can offer to our client when they reach you for help. Although every individual is unique and Yoga Therapy should also be made considering what level of disease they are going through.
Disclaimer: We dont take any responsibility if someone starts to follow the program as mentioned in the PPT for any harm or injury.
These slides are for Yoga Teachers or students of Yoga for understanding the disease and what Yoga program we can offer to our client when they reach you for help. Although every individual is unique and Yoga Therapy should also be made considering what level of disease they are going through.
Disclaimer: We dont take any responsibility if someone starts to follow the program as mentioned in the PPT for any harm or injury.
OS BENEFICIOS DO YOGA PARA AS DOENÇAS PSICOSSOMÁTICAS (Yoga for Psychosomati...Founder Director
Loiva Maria De Boni Santos apresentou este slide - Benefícios do Yoga para a doença psicossomática como parte da Internacional de Formação de Professores de Yoga no Brasil organizado pelo Centro de Yoga Satyadhara e Ujjain Yoga Vida Society
(Loiva Maria De Boni Santos presented this slide - Benefits of Yoga for Psychosomatic Disease as part of International Yoga Teachers Training in Brazil organised by Centro de Yoga Satyadhara and Ujjain Yoga Life Society.)
Dr Vivian Longhi apresentou este ponto de poder em Yoga para a obesidade como parte do Yoga Internacional de Formação de Professores do Curso organizado pelo Centro de Yoga Satyadhara e Ujjain Yoga Society Life.
(Dr Vivian Longhi presented this power point on Yoga for Obesity as part of the International Yoga Teachers Training Course organised by Centro de Yoga Satyadhara and Ujjain Yoga Life Society)
Yoga for Teeth, Ear, Nose, Throat and over all hygeineFounder Director
The document discusses yogic practices for maintaining health and hygiene. It notes that modern education does not sufficiently teach preventative health. It then outlines yogic practices for hygiene of various body systems including teeth, ears, respiratory, eyes, and digestive. For each system, it describes how Western practices may be lacking and alternatives such as using neem twigs for teeth cleaning, nasal cleansing techniques, and abdominal exercises and salt water flushing for the intestines. The document advocates yogic lifestyle as a way to increase vitality and avoid aging effects through regular detoxification and maintenance of the body.
Unlocking the Secrets to Safe Patient Handling.pdfLift Ability
Furthermore, the time constraints and workload in healthcare settings can make it challenging for caregivers to prioritise safe patient handling Australia practices, leading to shortcuts and increased risks.
Comprehensive Rainy Season Advisory: Safety and Preparedness Tips.pdfDr Rachana Gujar
The "Comprehensive Rainy Season Advisory: Safety and Preparedness Tips" offers essential guidance for navigating rainy weather conditions. It covers strategies for staying safe during storms, flood prevention measures, and advice on preparing for inclement weather. This advisory aims to ensure individuals are equipped with the knowledge and resources to handle the challenges of the rainy season effectively, emphasizing safety, preparedness, and resilience.
2024 HIPAA Compliance Training Guide to the Compliance OfficersConference Panel
Join us for a comprehensive 90-minute lesson designed specifically for Compliance Officers and Practice/Business Managers. This 2024 HIPAA Training session will guide you through the critical steps needed to ensure your practice is fully prepared for upcoming audits. Key updates and significant changes under the Omnibus Rule will be covered, along with the latest applicable updates for 2024.
Key Areas Covered:
Texting and Email Communication: Understand the compliance requirements for electronic communication.
Encryption Standards: Learn what is necessary and what is overhyped.
Medical Messaging and Voice Data: Ensure secure handling of sensitive information.
IT Risk Factors: Identify and mitigate risks related to your IT infrastructure.
Why Attend:
Expert Instructor: Brian Tuttle, with over 20 years in Health IT and Compliance Consulting, brings invaluable experience and knowledge, including insights from over 1000 risk assessments and direct dealings with Office of Civil Rights HIPAA auditors.
Actionable Insights: Receive practical advice on preparing for audits and avoiding common mistakes.
Clarity on Compliance: Clear up misconceptions and understand the reality of HIPAA regulations.
Ensure your compliance strategy is up-to-date and effective. Enroll now and be prepared for the 2024 HIPAA audits.
Enroll Now to secure your spot in this crucial training session and ensure your HIPAA compliance is robust and audit-ready.
https://conferencepanel.com/conference/hipaa-training-for-the-compliance-officer-2024-updates
Exploring the Benefits of Binaural Hearing: Why Two Hearing Aids Are Better T...Ear Solutions (ESPL)
Binaural hearing using two hearing aids instead of one offers numerous advantages, including improved sound localization, enhanced sound quality, better speech understanding in noise, reduced listening effort, and greater overall satisfaction. By leveraging the brain’s natural ability to process sound from both ears, binaural hearing aids provide a more balanced, clear, and comfortable hearing experience. If you or a loved one is considering hearing aids, consult with a hearing care professional at Ear Solutions hearing aid clinic in Mumbai to explore the benefits of binaural hearing and determine the best solution for your hearing needs. Embracing binaural hearing can lead to a richer, more engaging auditory experience and significantly improve your quality of life.
TEST BANK For Accounting Information Systems, 3rd Edition by Vernon Richardso...rightmanforbloodline
TEST BANK For Accounting Information Systems, 3rd Edition by Vernon Richardson, Verified Chapters 1 - 18, Complete Newest Version
TEST BANK For Accounting Information Systems, 3rd Edition by Vernon Richardson, Verified Chapters 1 - 18, Complete Newest Version
TEST BANK For Accounting Information Systems, 3rd Edition by Vernon Richardson, Verified Chapters 1 - 18, Complete Newest Version
Gemma Wean- Nutritional solution for Artemiasmuskaan0008
GEMMA Wean is a high end larval co-feeding and weaning diet aimed at Artemia optimisation and is fortified with a high level of proteins and phospholipids. GEMMA Wean provides the early weaned juveniles with dedicated fish nutrition and is an ideal follow on from GEMMA Micro or Artemia.
GEMMA Wean has an optimised nutritional balance and physical quality so that it flows more freely and spreads readily on the water surface. The balance of phospholipid classes to- gether with the production technology based on a low temperature extrusion process improve the physical aspect of the pellets while still retaining the high phospholipid content.
GEMMA Wean is available in 0.1mm, 0.2mm and 0.3mm. There is also a 0.5mm micro-pellet, GEMMA Wean Diamond, which covers the early nursery stage from post-weaning to pre-growing.
At Apollo Hospital, Lucknow, U.P., we provide specialized care for children experiencing dehydration and other symptoms. We also offer NICU & PICU Ambulance Facility Services. Consult our expert today for the best pediatric emergency care.
For More Details:
Map: https://cutt.ly/BwCeflYo
Name: Apollo Hospital
Address: Singar Nagar, LDA Colony, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226012
Phone: 08429021957
Opening Hours: 24X7
International Cancer Survivors Day is celebrated during June, placing the spotlight not only on cancer survivors, but also their caregivers.
CANSA has compiled a list of tips and guidelines of support:
https://cansa.org.za/who-cares-for-cancer-patients-caregivers/
PET CT beginners Guide covers some of the underrepresented topics in PET CTMiadAlsulami
This lecture briefly covers some of the underrepresented topics in Molecular imaging with cases , such as:
- Primary pleural tumors and pleural metastases.
- Distinguishing between MPM and Talc Pleurodesis.
- Urological tumors.
- The role of FDG PET in NET.
This particular slides consist of- what is hypotension,what are it's causes and it's effect on body, risk factors, symptoms,complications, diagnosis and role of physiotherapy in it.
This slide is very helpful for physiotherapy students and also for other medical and healthcare students.
Here is the summary of hypotension:
Hypotension, or low blood pressure, is when the pressure of blood circulating in the body is lower than normal or expected. It's only a problem if it negatively impacts the body and causes symptoms. Normal blood pressure is usually between 90/60 mmHg and 120/80 mmHg, but pressures below 90/60 are generally considered hypotensive.
TEST BANK FOR Health Assessment in Nursing 7th Edition by Weber Chapters 1 - ...rightmanforbloodline
TEST BANK FOR Health Assessment in Nursing 7th Edition by Weber Chapters 1 - 34.
TEST BANK FOR Health Assessment in Nursing 7th Edition by Weber Chapters 1 - 34.
TEST BANK FOR Health Assessment in Nursing 7th Edition by Weber Chapters 1 - 34.
We are one of the top Massage Spa Ajman Our highly skilled, experienced, and certified massage therapists from different corners of the world are committed to serving you with a soothing and relaxing experience. Luxuriate yourself at our spas in Sharjah and Ajman, which are indeed enriched with an ambiance of relaxation and tranquility. We could confidently claim that we are one of the most affordable Spa Ajman and Sharjah as well, where you can book the massage session of your choice for just 99 AED at any time as we are open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
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About this webinar: This talk will introduce what cancer rehabilitation is, where it fits into the cancer trajectory, and who can benefit from it. In addition, the current landscape of cancer rehabilitation in Canada will be discussed and the need for advocacy to increase access to this essential component of cancer care.
Can Allopathy and Homeopathy Be Used Together in India.pdfDharma Homoeopathy
This article explores the potential for combining allopathy and homeopathy in India, examining the benefits, challenges, and the emerging field of integrative medicine.
2. THE CIRCULATORY
SYSTEM
• Humans have a closed circulatory system, typical of
all vertebrates, in which blood is confined to vessels and is
distinct from the interstitial fluid.
• The heart pumps blood into large vessels
that branch into smaller ones leading into the organs, thus
also known as Cardio Vascular System.
• Materials are exchanged by diffusion between the blood
and the interstitial fluid bathing the cells.
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3. THE CARDIOVASCULAR
SYSTEM
3 Major Elements –
Heart
Blood Vessels
Blood
The Heart-
Cardiac muscle tissue with
highly interconnected cells.
Beats in a rhythmic manner,
72 times/min.
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4. HUMAN HEART
• Size
Of a closed fist
• Shape
Blunt cone
• Location
In the centre of the
thoracic cavity between
lungs. Lower tip is resting
on diaphragm slightly
towards left.
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9. CIRCUITS
• Pulmonary circuit
The blood pathway
between the right side of
the heart, to the lungs, and
back to the left side of the
heart.
• Systemic circuit
The pathway between the
left and right sides of the
heart via body organs.
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10. CARDIAC CYCLE
• Right and left halves of the Heart represent two pumps that
work together.
• Repetitive contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole) of
heart chambers, one after the other.
• Blood moves through circulatory system from areas of
higher to lower pressure.
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12. HEART SOUNDS
• First heart sound or “lubb”
– Atrioventricular valves and surrounding fluid vibrations
as valves close at beginning of ventricular systole
• Second heart sound or “dupp”
– Results from closure of aortic and pulmonary semilunar
valves at beginning of ventricular diastole, lasts longer
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13. BLOOD VESSELS
Blood Vessels -A network of tubes
Arteriesarterioles move away from the heart
Valves are absent
Capillaries – where gas exchange takes place.
One cell thick
Serves the Respiratory and other Systems
VeinsVenules moves towards the heart
One way valves
When they break - varicose veins form
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15. BLOOD VESSELS
ARTERIES
• Carry blood away from the heart
• Thick and strong, containing muscles and elastic tissue.
• Relatively narrow, it varies with heart beat, as it can stretch and recoil.
CAPILLARIES
• supply all cells with their requirements and take away waste products.
• Very thin, only one cell thick.
• Very narrow, just one cell can pass through.
VEINS
• Return blood to the heart
• Quite thin, containing less muscle and elastic tissue.
• Wide, contains valves
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17. BLOOD
Composition of Blood
1. Plasma
2. Formed Elements-
RBC, WBC, Platelets
Plasma
Liquid portion of the blood.
Contains water, salts, proteins,
clotting factors, hormones,
antibodies, dissolved gases,
nutrients and waste
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18. BLOOD
Formed Elements
A. Erythrocytes – RBC
(Red Blood Corpuscles)
Contain 12-16 gms of
hemoglobin to carry
oxygen.
Do not have a nucleus and
live only about 120 days.
5-5.5 million/cubic mm
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19. BLOOD
B. Leucocytes –WBC
(White Blood cells)
Five types – neutrophils,
lymphocytes, eosinophils,
basophils, and monocytes.
Fight infection and are formed in
the bone marrow
Nucleated cells
6000-8000/cubic mm
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20. BLOOD
•C. Thrombocytes – Platelets.
These are cell fragment that are
formed in the bone marrow
from magakaryocytes.
Initiate Clotting of Blood.
1,500,00 - 3,500,00/cubic mm
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21. FUNCTIONS OF BLOOD
• Transport food and waste
• Transport oxygen and carbon di oxide
• Transport hormones
• Storehouse of salts, nutrients, calcium etc.
• Maintain a constant body temperature
• Provide resistance against infections
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22. REGULATION OF THE HEART
Intrinsic regulation: Results from normal functional
characteristics, not on neural or hormonal regulation
Extrinsic regulation: Involves neural and hormonal control,
Cardiac centre is in Medulla Oblongata.
– Parasympathetic stimulation
• Supplied by vagus nerve, decreases heart rate,
acetylcholine secreted
– Sympathetic stimulation
• Supplied by cardiac nerves, increases heart rate and
force of contraction, epinephrine and nor epinephrine
released
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24. DISORDERS OF THE
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
• Anaemia - lack of iron in the blood, low RBC count
• Leukemia - white blood cells proliferate wildly, causing anaemia
• Haemophilia - bleeder’s disease, due to lack of clotting factor
• Hypertension – High blood pressure
• Angina – Less oxygen supply to heart muscles
• CAD – Obstructed blood vessels
• Heart Failure – Heart is not pumping blood properly
• Heart attack - blood vessels around the heart become blocked with plaque, also
called myocardial infarction, leads to damage of muscles
• Cardiac Arrest – Heart stops working leading to death
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