Coronary,Splanchnic,pulomonary, systemic & Cerebral Circulation

1. Coronary, Splanchnic, Systemic,
Pulmonary & Cerebral Circulation
Fatima Wahid Mangrio
fatimawahid1234@gmail.com

2. CORONARY CIRCULATION
• Nutrients are not able to diffuse
quickly enough from blood in the
chambers of the heart to supply
heart .
• For this reason, the myocardium has
its own network of blood vessels, the
coronary circulation or cardiac
circulation. The coronary arteries
branch from the aorta and encircle
the heart like a crown encircles the
head .

3. • While the heart is contracting, little blood
flows in the coronary arteries because
they are squeezed shut.
• When the heart relaxes, however, the
high pressure of blood in the aorta propels
blood through the coronary arteries, into
capillaries,and then into coronary veins.

4. CORONARY VESSELS
• The right and left coronary arteries are
the first branches of the ascending aorta.
• The two arteries branch into smaller
arteries and arterioles, then to capillaries.
• The coronary capillaries merge to form
coronary veins, which empty blood into a
large coronary sinus that returns blood to
the right atrium.

5. • The purpose of the coronary vessels is
to supply blood to the myocardium itself,
because oxygen is essential for normal
myocardial contraction. If a coronary
artery becomes obstructed, by a blood
clot for example, part of the
myocardium becomes ischemic, that is,
deprived of its blood supply. Prolonged
ischemia will create an infarct, an area
of necrotic (dead) tissue.

8. splanchnic circulation
• The term ‘splanchnic circulation’
describes the blood flow to the abdominal
gastrointestinal organs including the
stomach, liver, spleen, pancreas, small
intestine, and large intestine.

9. • It comprises three major branches
of the abdominal aorta; the coeliac
artery; superior mesenteric artery
(SMA); and inferior mesenteric
artery (IMA).

10. • The blood from the intestines, pancreas,
and spleen drains via the hepatic portal
vein to the liver and from the liver via the
hepatic veins to the inferior vena cava.
• The viscera and the liver receive about
30% of the cardiac output via the celiac,
superior mesenteric, and inferior
mesenteric arteries.

11. • The liver receives about 1300
mL/min from the portal vein and 500
mL/min from the hepatic artery
during fasting, and the portal supply
increases still further after meals.

13. Systemic and Pulmonary Circulations
• The left side of the heart is the pump for
systemic circulation; it receives bright red
oxygenated (oxygen-rich) blood from the lungs.
The left ventricle ejects blood into the aorta.
• From the aorta, the blood divides into separate
streams, entering progressively smaller
systemic arteries that carry it to all organs
throughout the body—except for the air sacs
(alveoli) of the lungs, which are supplied by the
pulmonary circulation.

14. • In systemic tissues, arteries give rise to smaller-
diameter arterioles, which finally lead into
extensive beds of systemic capillaries.
• Exchange of nutrients and gases occurs across
the thin capillary walls. Blood unloads O2 (oxygen)
and picks up CO2 (carbon dioxide). In most cases,
blood flows through only one capillary and then
enters a systemic venule. Venules carry
deoxygenated (oxygen-poor) blood away from
tissues and merge to form larger systemic veins.
Ultimately the blood flows back to the right
atrium.

15. • The right side of the heart is the pump for
pulmonary circulation; it receives all of the
dark-red deoxygenated blood returning from
the systemic circulation. Blood ejected from
the right ventricle flows into the pulmonary
trunk, which branches into pulmonary arteries
that carry blood to the right and left lungs. In
pulmonary capillaries, blood unloads CO2, which
is exhaled, and picks up O2 from inhaled air.
The freshly oxygenated blood then flows into
pulmonary veins and returns to the left atrium
left atrium.

19. CEREBRAL CIRCULATION
• Cerebral circulation is the blood flow in your
brain. It’s important for healthy brain
function. Circulating blood supplies your brain
with the oxygen and nutrients it needs to
function properly.
• Blood delivers oxygen and glucose to your
brain. Although your brain is a small part of
your body’s total weight, it requires a lot of
energy to function.

20. • The four main arteries that supply blood to
your brain are the left and right internal
carotid arteries and the left and right
vertebral arteries. These arteries connect and
form a circle at the base of your brain. This is
called the circle of Willis. Smaller blood
vessels also branch off from these arteries to
nourish different sections of your brain.

21. • Your brain also has venous sinuses. These
types of veins carry blood containing
carbon dioxide and other waste products
away from your cranium. Some of them
connect with the veins of your scalp and
face.
• Nutrient and waste exchange occurs
across the blood-brain barrier. This
barrier helps protect your brain.