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1. CINEMATOGRAPHY IN
FILM PRODUCTION
Lecture #3
Tutor: Muhammad Rawaha Saleem
Company: ecHaaR Studio

2. WHAT IS CINEMATOGRAPHY?
• Cinematography is the art and craft of making motion pictures by capturing a story
visually.
• Technically, cinematography is the art and the science of recording light either
electronically onto an image sensor or chemically onto film.
• It is the creation of images you see on screen. A series of shots that form a cohesive
narrative. Cinematography composes each shot, considering, where everything in
frame demands attention.

3. WHAT CINEMATOGRAPHY CONSIDERS
• Camera Placement
• Camera Movement
• Shot Composition
• Shot Size
• Focus
• Lighting

4. WHAT DOES A CINEMATOGRAPHER DO?
• A cinematographer or director of photography (shortened to DP or DoP) is the crew
chief that presides over the camera and light crews on a film or video production.
• They are involved throughout the entire production lifecycle and coordinate closely
with the director to create the images you see onscreen.

5. WHAT ELEMENTS DO THEY CONSIDER?
• Camera Placement
• Camera Movement
• Shot Composition

6. CAMERA PLACEMENT
• Where they place the camera greatly affects how the audience reacts to the shot,
and therefore the rest of the scene. It can have significant emotional impact or even
convey character behaviour.
• For example, if the story calls for a character to be seen as rude, or ill mannered
while out on a date, placing the camera close to the subject’s mouth while chewing
would be effective.

7. CAMERA MOVEMENT
• Camera movement can heighten the emotion and suspense in a scene. Choose to
move the camera with the characters and gain perspective.

8. SHOT COMPOSITION
• Composition refers to the way elements of a scene are arranged in a camera frame.
Shot composition refers to the arrangement of visual elements to convey an intended
message.
• One visual element that must be arranged particularly is your actors. Where will
they be in the frame?

9. HOW TO STAGE YOUR ACTORS
• Shot Size
• Focus
• Lighting

10. SHOT SIZE
• How much of the scene is actually seen? Are we in a close-up watching a subject’s
face change expression?
• Maybe it’s an extreme close-up on a subject’s attire indicating to the audience that
they should pay attention to this.

11. FOCUS
• Part of a cinematographer’s job is to play with focus to emphasize different aspects
of the story. A basic example of this is showing how intoxicated the character is by
going in and out of focus.

12. LIGHTING
• While there is a separate lighting person, cinematography demands this knowledge.
After all, cinematography is what we see on-screen, and how well or horribly the
scene is lit is a huge aspect of the craft.
• That's a lot to consider! How can you plan all of these decisions, and execute on your
vision?

13. CASTING CREW IN FILM MAKING
See in lecture #4