4. WIDE SHOT
sometimes called an establishing shot as the wide
shot helps establish the location and likely
atmosphere of that part of the ļ¬lm.
the wide shot is often a āmaster shotā of the scene
5.
6. LONG SHOT
Shows the full body of the character
Often shows how the character relates to the
environment, what their place in it is
How do the characters ļ¬t in the environment of the
sequence you have just seen
7. MID SHOT
Figures in the frame are only seen from
the waist up.
Provides detail while providing some
contextual information.
Can often show relationships between
characters
8.
9. CLOSE UP
Contains almost, no background but focuses on the
whole of an object or personās face.
Can be used isolate ļ¬gure from its surroundings.
Can be used to show emotion or draw attention to
information.
Also called a āhead and shouldersā shot
12. EXTREME CLOSE UP
Shows enlarged detail of subject or an object
Known as a ādetail shotā
The ECU is used to highlight a certain part of the
frame for emotional or narrative reasons
15. UNDERSTANDING āTHE LINEā
ā¢When ļ¬lming a conversation between 2 people, an
important rule is not to cross āthe lineā
ā¢āthe lineā is a mental guide for both director and
editor as to which side of the subject they are
shooting and looking at
ā¢think of it as a 180Ė line between the two
characters.The camera must stay on one side of it
16. Here is an example of the line being observed. Notice
how the camera can āmoveā through the line if
necessary to ļ¬lm from another angle.
See notes on cross-cutting
17. CAMERA MOVEMENT
There are FIVE basic camera movements:
Pan
Tilt
Track
Crane
Roll
There is also the camera action of the zoom in and
out
18. PAN
Camera pivots from left to right or right to left either
from object to object or following a figure or object.
The camera itself is usually on a tripod
20. TRACK
The camera moves to track a subject
The movement can be backwards, forwards or
sideways
If the camera runs on tracks, it is a ādollyā shot
24. WIDE ANGLE VS TELEPHOTO SHOTS
Wide angle and telephoto refer to whether the
camera is zoomed out (wide) or zoomed in
(telephoto)
By altering the lens length (zooming in or out), a close
up of a person can look completely different
25. WIDE ANGLE
Wide angle =
1. the image looks ādeepā - objects in the background
look far away
2. DEEP FOCUS - everything in focus in the shot
distance far away
and in focus
distortion of features,
ābendingā of edges of frame
26. TELEPHOTO
Telephoto =
1.āļ¬atteningā of image, so background looks closer
SHALLOW FOCUS - only part of the frame in focus
distance close up
and in focus,
while foreground and background
out of focus
28. DUCTHED, DUTCH ANGLE,
DUTCH TILT CANTED ANGLE
A Dutch Angle is achieved by tilting the camera off to
one side so that teh shot is composed with vertical
lines to the sides of the frame
Often used to portray the psychological uneasiness
or tension in the subject being ļ¬lmed
29. The angle refers to where the CAMERA is
LOW angle means the camera is LOW, looking up
HIGH angle means the camera is HIGH, looking
down
A low angle is often used to make the subject look
powerful, the high angle makes the subject look weak
If the camera is directly above it is an āoverheadā or
ābirds-eyeā shot
30.
31. Lighting plays a big part in creating mood in a ļ¬lm
It is the responsibility of the Director of Photography
to light sets
Three alternative lighting effects are:
Backlighting - subjects lit from behind - aka silhouette
Sidelighting - lit from the side - aka chiaroscuro
Highlighting - one part of the frame lit to draw
attention to it
LIGHTING