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Chlamydia ; bacterial genus
- 1. 03/09/15 1 Presentation on … Chlamydia Presented by … Sayed Abdullah – Al – Mamun Dept. of Microbiology Roll No : 130343 Session : 2013-14 Jessore University of Science & Technology
- 2. 03/09/15 2 What is Chlamydia ??? Chlamydia is a genus of bacteria ; that are non motile , coccid & obligate intracellular parasites . They contain DNA , RNA & ribosomes . They have cell wall but peptidoglycan is absent .
- 3. 03/09/15 3 Discovery of Chlamydia Chlamydia was discovered by Stanislaus Von Prowazek, a Czech scientist , in 1907 . Before this time , Chlamydia was recognized as a disease , but the causative agent was not known . In fact , many thought that gonorrhea was actually responsible for the symptoms and didn’t realize there were two different pathogens .
- 4. 03/09/15 4 Chlamydial MorphologiesChlamydial Morphologies Elementary bodyElementary body – 0.25 - 0.3 um diameter0.25 - 0.3 um diameter – electron-dense nucleoidelectron-dense nucleoid – Released from ruptured infected cells ,Released from ruptured infected cells , human to human & bird to human .human to human & bird to human . Reticulate BodyReticulate Body – Intracytoplasmic form 0.5 - 1.0 umIntracytoplasmic form 0.5 - 1.0 um – Replication and growth without a denseReplication and growth without a dense center.center.
- 5. 03/09/15 5 Evolution ofEvolution of ChlamydiaChlamydia Gram-negative cocciGram-negative cocci Facultative intracellular parasites of mammalsFacultative intracellular parasites of mammals Obligate intracellular parasitesObligate intracellular parasites Host range restricted to rodentsHost range restricted to rodents Restricted virulence (compact inclusions)Restricted virulence (compact inclusions) Folates synthesized (sulfonamide susceptible)Folates synthesized (sulfonamide susceptible) Glycogen synthesized and deposited in inclusionsGlycogen synthesized and deposited in inclusions
- 6. 03/09/15 6 Developmental Cycle ofDevelopmental Cycle of ChlamydiaChlamydia
- 7. 03/09/15 7 Species of Chlamydia Chlamydia trachomatis Chlamydia muridarum Chlamydia suis
- 8. 03/09/15 8 Diseases by Chlamydia Chlamydia trachomatis : It only infects humans . It causes trachoma ; infection to eyes , which can lead to blindness . It also causes urethritis , pelvic inflammatory disease , ectopic pregnancy , neonatal pneumonia , and neonatal conjunctivitis .
- 9. 03/09/15 9 Chlamydia muridarum : It naturally infects only members of the family Muridae (includes both mice and hamsters) . Chlamydia suis : It only infects swine . It causes conjunctivities , enteritis and pneumonia in swine
- 10. 03/09/15 10 THANK YOU …THANK YOU …
Editor's Notes
- There appears to be no significant difference in morphology or developmental cycle among the various chlamydia, and a single generalized description applies to all. The development cycle may be regarded as an orderly alternation of the small and large cell type. It is initiated by the highly infectious small cell which is taken into the host cell by phagocytosis. The engulfed small cell retains its morphological integrity in vacuoles bound by membrane derived from the surface of the host cell, and there is no eclipse (period in which the parasite loses the infectious ability). Instead, without loss of individuality, the small cell is reorganized into a large cell which is the vegetative multiplying form of these organisms. Then, still within the membrane-bound vacuole, the large cell grows in size and multiplies by repeated binary fission. The developmental cycle is completed by the reorganization of most of the large cells into small ones which are then available for infection of new host cells. The time required for completion of a cycle varies from 24-48 hours, depending on the particular host/parasite system involved.