This document discusses the members of the Halogen Jupiter group: Mahbooba moushumi Khan, Mahmudul islamsalmani, Shadman Shakib, and Abdullah Al Noman. It then provides information about the halogen elements fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine including their discovery, physical and chemical properties, uses, and potential health effects.

2. We’re…Halogen Jupiter
Members
1. Mahbooba moushumi Khan
2.Mahmudul islamsalmani
3. Shadman Shakib
4. Abdullah Al Noman

3. Halogen

4. FLOURINEFLOURINE
Basic Information About Fluorine:
• Name: Fluorine
• Symbol: F
• Atomic number: 9
• Atomic weight: 18.9984032 (5)
• Standard state: gas at 298 K
• CAS Registry ID: 7782-41-4
• Group in periodic table: 17
• Group name: Halogen
• Period in periodic table: 2
• Block in periodic table: p-block
• Colour: pale yellow
• Classification: Non-metallic

5. • In 1530 Georgius Agricola noted the use of the mineral fluorspar (principally
calcium fluoride) as a flux- it was added to the metal ores while they were
processed in furnaces to promote fusing of the pure metal.
• The element fluorine was first isolated by Henri Moissan in 1886 and was
first reported in 1900.In 1906 Henri Moissan got Nobel Prize
“In recognition of the great services rendered by him in his investigation and isolation
of the element fluorine.”
Georgius Agricola Henri Moissan

6. • In nature, fluorine occurs mainly in the minerals
fluorspar (CaF2) and cryolite (Na3AlF6). Three
minerals exist that are industrially relevant
sources: fluorite, fluorapatite , and cryolite.
Fluorite Fluorapatite Cryolite

7. Characteristics
Fluorine is the most reactive and the most electronegative of all the
elements.
Fluorine is a pale yellow, diatomic, highly corrosive, flammable gas,
with a pungent odor. It is the lightest halogen.
It reacts violently with water to produce oxygen and the extremely
corrosive hydrofluoric acid.

8. Fluoride’s negative
effects
Fluoride’s negative
effects
Skeletal fluorosis Bone fracture
Cancer
Enzyme toxicity Pineal gland effects
Skeletal fluorosis Bone fracture
Cancer
Enzyme toxicity Pineal gland effects

9. Florical tablets Fluoridated
bottled water
Fluoride
toothpaste
Teflon coated
frying pan
Gore-Tex fabric Gore-Tex filter

10. Basic information about Chlorine:
Symbol: Cl
Atomic number: 17
Atomic weight: 35.4527
Atomic volume: 22.7cm³/mol
Melting Point: -100.98 °C (172.17 K, -149.764 °F)
Boiling Point: -34.6 °C (238.55 K, -30.279997 °F)
Standard state: gas at 298 K
CAS Registry ID: 7782-50-5
Group in periodic table: 17
Group name: Halogen
Period in periodic table: 3
Block in period table: p-block
Colour: yellowish green
Classification: Non-metallic

11. Discovery of Chlorine
Around 1630, chlorine gas was obtained by the Belgian chemist and physician
Jan Baptist van Helmont. Still, chlorine was not recognized as an element until
1774, when Scheele was studying the mineral pyrolusite. Pyrolusite consists
primarily of manganese dioxide (MnO 2
). Scheele mixed pyrolusite with
hydrochloric acid (HCl), then called spiritus salis. He found that a greenish-
yellow gas with a suffocating odor "most oppressive to the lungs" was released.
The gas was chlorine.
Scheele found that the new gas reacted with metals, dissolved slightly in water,
and bleached flowers and leaves. He gave the gas the rather complex name of
dephlogisticated marine acid.The true nature of Scheele's discovery was not
completely understood for many years. Some chemists argued that his
dephlogisticated marine acid was really a compound of a new element and
oxygen. This confusion was finally cleared up in 1807. English chemist Sir
Humphry Davy (1778-1829) proved that Scheele's substance was a pure element.
He suggested the name chlorine for the element, from the Greek word, ‘chloros’.

12. Physical properties
Chlorine is a dense gas with a density of 3.21 grams per liter. By
comparison, the density of air is 1.29 grams per liter. Chlorine changes from
a gas into a liquid at a temperature of -34.05°C (-29.29°F) and from a liquid
to a solid at -101.00°C (-149.80°F). The gas is soluble (dissolvable) in water.
It also reacts chemically with water as it dissolves to form hydrochloric acid
(HCl) and hypochlorous acid (HOCl).
Chemical properties
Chlorine is a very active element. It combines with all elements except the
noble gases. The noble gases are the elements that make up Group 18
(VIIIA) of the periodic table. The reaction between chlorine and other
elements can often be vigorous. For example, chlorine reacts explosively
with hydrogen to form hydrogen chloride:
Chlorine does not burn but, like oxygen, it helps other substances bum.
Chlorine is a strong oxidizing agent (a chemical substance that gives up or
takes on electrons from another substance).

13. Uses of Chlorine
•Chlorine is used (generally a particular compound of chlorine) to kill bacteria in drinking
water and swimming pools. It is also used in disinfectants and bleach for the same reason.
Chlorine is very effect against e coli bacteria.
•While not used as often today, some armed forces still use chlorine as a poison gas. It is
more regularly used by terrorist groups.
•Chlorine is used to make plastics.
•PVC (polyvinyl chloride) is made from chlorine. PVC is used to make clothing, flooring,
electrical cables, flexible hoses and tubing, figurines (statues), waterbeds and inflatable
structures. Also, PVC is now being used to make ceiling tiles.
•Chlorine is used in bromine extraction.
•Methyl chloride, another important compound of chlorine, is used as an anesthetic. It is
also used to make certain silicone polymers and is used to extract greases, oils and resins.
•Chloroform, which contains chlorine, is used as a common solvent in science
laboratories. It is also used to kill maggots in an animal’s wounds.
•Trichloroethylene is used to degrease metal parts.
•Chlorine is essential in the manufacture of medicines to treat illnesses such as allergies,
arthritis and diabetes.
•Chlorine was first used in drinking water in the 19th
century to control the spread of
water-borne diseases such as typhoid, cholera, dysentery and gastro-enteritis, which have
killed people more than all wars in history. Fighting these remain vital today; the World
Health Organization estimates that more than three million people still die each year as a
direct result of drinking unsafe water.

14. WHAT HAPPENS TO CHLORINE IN THE
ENVIRONMENT?
Chlorine dissolves when mixed with water. It can also escape from water and
enter air under certain conditions. Most direct releases of chlorine to the
environment are to air and to surface water. Once in air or in water, chlorine
reacts with other chemicals. It combines with inorganic material in water to form
chloride salts. It combines with organic material in water to form chlorinated
organic chemicals. Because of its reactivity chlorine is not likely to move
through the ground and enter groundwater. Plants and animals are not likely to
store chlorine.

15. Facts about Chlorine
•In nature it is only found combined with other elements chiefly sodium in the
form of common salt (NaCl), but also in carnallite, and sylvite. Chlorides make
up much of the salt dissolved in the earth's oceans: about 1.9 % of the mass of
seawater is chloride ions.
•85% of medicines are made using chlorine chemistry.
•96% of crop protections used by farmers are based on chlorine chemistry.
•55% of European chemical production depends on chlor-alkali products
•98% of Western Europe’s drinking water is made safe with the help of chlorine.
•Chlorine is the 21st
most abundant element in the Earth's crust.
•Chlorine is the third most abundant element in the Earth's oceans
•Chlorine gas was used as a chemical weapon during World War I. Chlorine is
heavier than air and would form a deadly layer in low-lying foxholes and
trenches.
•Molecules containing chlorine have been responsible for ozone depletion.

16. Health effects of chlorine
Effects of chlorine on human health depend on how the amount of chlorine that is present,
and the length and frequency of exposure. Effects also depend on the health of a person or
condition of the environment when exposure occurs.
Breathing small amounts of chlorine for short periods of time adversely affects the human
respiratory system. Effects differ from coughing and chest pain, to water retention in the
lungs. Chlorine irritates the skin, the eyes, and the respiratory system. These effects are
not likely to occur at levels of chlorine that are normally found in the environment.
Human health effects associated with breathing or otherwise consuming small amounts of
chlorine over long periods of time are not known. Some studies show that workers develop
adverse effects from repeat inhalation exposure to chlorine, but others will not. However,
Chlorine gas is extremely toxic. In large doses, it can be fatal. On the other hand, chlorine
compounds are essential to plants.
However, compounds of chlorine are important in maintaining good health in humans and
animals. The average human body contains about 95 grams (about 3.5 ounces) of chlorine.
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach, for example, helps in the digestion of foods.
Sodium chloride (NaCl) and potassium chloride (KCl) play an important role in the way
nerve messages are sent throughout the body. Because humans eat so much salt, a lack of
chlorine compounds is seldom a health problem.

17. BROMINEBROMINE
Basic Information About Bromine:
• Name: Bromine
• Symbol: Br
• Atomic number: 35
• Atomic weight: 79.904 (1)
• Standard state: liquid at 298 K
• CAS Registry ID: 7726-95-6
• Group in periodic table: 17
• Group name: Halogen
• Period in periodic table: 4
• Block in periodic table: p-block
• Colour: red-brown, metallic lustre when solid
• Classification: Non-metallic

18. Discovery Of Bromine
Discovery Of Bromine

19. Sanitise Spa by Use for making Bromine compound are
Using Bromine photographic films effective Pesticides
Tablets

20. Bromine Compounds Use for manufacturing Use for making
are now tested in flame retardant fireproof circuitbord
Batteries for electric
Cars Tyrian purple dye
(red purple to deep
Purple ) contains
bromine

21. Soft Drinks is the form of
brominated vegetable oil
Use for Manufacturing
pharmaceuticals.

22. Hamper iodine Can be cause Serious for skin
Levels in the of Cancer
body

23. Warning!!!
Can Kill fish & Pollute water
Can reduce the
Amount of ozane
fumes emitted from the element
cause cause irritation to the eyes
Ozane

24. Basic Information About Iodine:
• Name: Iodine
• Symbol: I
• Atomic number: 53
• Atomic weight: 126.90447 (3)
• Standard state: solid at 298 K
• CAS Registry ID: 7553-56-2
• Group in periodic table: 17
• Group name: Halogen
• Period in periodic table: 5
• Block in periodic table: p-block
• Colour: violet-dark grey, lustrous
• Classification: Non-metallic

25. Iodine, one of the most beautiful of all the
elements, was first observed in 1811 by Bernard
Courtois, who was born on February 8, 1777, in a
house just across the street from the famous old
Dijon Academy.
Bernard Courtois (1777-1838)

26. Essential element Development of Brain Essential for Bone
of Blood
Important for
Heart

27. Some Side Effects
stomach pain Headache Runny nose
Metallic taste

28. ASTATINE
Basic Information About Astatine:
• Name: Astatine
• Symbol: At
• Atomic number: 85
• Atomic weight: [ 210 ]
• Standard state: solid at 298 K
• CAS Registry ID: 7440-68-8
• Group in periodic table: 17
• Group name: Halogen
• Period in periodic table: 6
• Block in periodic table: p-block
• Colour: metallic
• Classification: Semi-metallic

29. Discovery of AstatineDiscovery of Astatine
Astatine was first produced in 1940 by Dale R.
Coson, Kenneth Ross Mackenzie and Emilio Segrè at
the University of California, Berkeley.
Dale R. Coson Kenneth R. Emilio Segre
Mackenzie

30. Uses of Astatine
Due to the small amounts produced and its short
half-life, it hasn’t too much uses…..
Treat Brain Treatment of Radiation therapies
Tumors cancer

31. Negative Impact!!!
Toxic No Biological
use
Radioactive

32. THANK YOU…..