Emilio Aguinaldo was the first president of the Philippine Republic from 1899 to 1901. He was born in 1869 in Cavite to a Chinese-mestizo family and helped lead the Philippine Revolution against Spanish colonial rule. As president, he proclaimed Philippine independence from Spain in 1898 and established the First Philippine Republic, though the country was soon colonized by the United States after the Spanish-American War.
Antonio Luna was a Filipino general, writer, and scientist who played a key role in the Philippine Revolution. He received military training and education in Spain and used his skills and knowledge to help train Filipino revolutionary forces. However, his authoritarian leadership style caused tensions with President Aguinaldo. Luna was assassinated in 1899 at the orders of Aguinaldo due to their disagreements, weakening the revolutionary forces. He is still remembered today as an important figure in Philippine history.
Andres Bonifacio was a Filipino nationalist and revolutionary who founded the secret society Katipunan in 1892 which sought independence from Spanish colonial rule. He served as the supreme leader of the Katipunan and is considered a de facto national hero of the Philippines. Emilio Jacinto, known as the "Brains of the Katipunan", joined the secret society at a young age and served as Bonifacio's adviser, writing many of the Katipunan's principles and documents under various pseudonyms. Both men played pivotal roles in the Katipunan and Philippine Revolution before ultimately dying in the late 1890s.
The Propaganda Movement was a literary and cultural organization established in 1872 by Filipino émigrés in Europe that aimed to increase Spanish awareness of the needs of the Philippines and promote closer ties between the colony and Spain. The movement's goals included gaining Philippine representation in the Spanish Cortes, equal rights for Filipinos and Spaniards, and establishing a public school system independent of the friars. Prominent members included Jose Rizal, Graciano Lopez Jaena, and Marcelo H. Del Pilar. Though the movement was suppressed in 1872 with the execution of Gomez, Burgos, and Zamora, its writings would inspire the Philippine revolution led by Andres Bonifacio.
Ang kilusang propagandista MARIANO PONCEEstella Ramos
Mariano Ponce, together with Jose Rizal, Marcelo H. del Pilar, and Graciano Lopez Jaena, established and led the Propaganda Movement. Established in 1872 and ended in 1892.
Emilio Aguinaldo was the first president of the Philippine Republic from 1899 to 1901. He was born in 1869 in Cavite to a Chinese-mestizo family and helped lead the Philippine Revolution against Spanish colonial rule. As president, he proclaimed Philippine independence from Spain in 1898 and established the First Philippine Republic, though the country was soon colonized by the United States after the Spanish-American War.
Antonio Luna was a Filipino general, writer, and scientist who played a key role in the Philippine Revolution. He received military training and education in Spain and used his skills and knowledge to help train Filipino revolutionary forces. However, his authoritarian leadership style caused tensions with President Aguinaldo. Luna was assassinated in 1899 at the orders of Aguinaldo due to their disagreements, weakening the revolutionary forces. He is still remembered today as an important figure in Philippine history.
Andres Bonifacio was a Filipino nationalist and revolutionary who founded the secret society Katipunan in 1892 which sought independence from Spanish colonial rule. He served as the supreme leader of the Katipunan and is considered a de facto national hero of the Philippines. Emilio Jacinto, known as the "Brains of the Katipunan", joined the secret society at a young age and served as Bonifacio's adviser, writing many of the Katipunan's principles and documents under various pseudonyms. Both men played pivotal roles in the Katipunan and Philippine Revolution before ultimately dying in the late 1890s.
The Propaganda Movement was a literary and cultural organization established in 1872 by Filipino émigrés in Europe that aimed to increase Spanish awareness of the needs of the Philippines and promote closer ties between the colony and Spain. The movement's goals included gaining Philippine representation in the Spanish Cortes, equal rights for Filipinos and Spaniards, and establishing a public school system independent of the friars. Prominent members included Jose Rizal, Graciano Lopez Jaena, and Marcelo H. Del Pilar. Though the movement was suppressed in 1872 with the execution of Gomez, Burgos, and Zamora, its writings would inspire the Philippine revolution led by Andres Bonifacio.
Ang kilusang propagandista MARIANO PONCEEstella Ramos
Mariano Ponce, together with Jose Rizal, Marcelo H. del Pilar, and Graciano Lopez Jaena, established and led the Propaganda Movement. Established in 1872 and ended in 1892.
The document summarizes key events in the history of the First Philippine Republic between 1897-1902:
1) Emilio Aguinaldo and other revolutionaries declared the short-lived Republic of Biak-na-Bato in 1897, providing the Philippines' first constitution.
2) After the Spanish-American War, Aguinaldo declared Philippine independence in 1898 but the country soon fought the Philippine-American War as the U.S. imposed colonial control.
3) The conflict lasted until 1902 when the U.S. defeated Filipino nationalists, marking the end of the First Philippine Republic and beginning of American colonial rule per the Treaty of Paris.
Juan Luna was a prominent Filipino painter born in Badoc, Ilocos Norte in the Philippines in 1857. He studied art in Manila and Madrid, winning medals for his works. His painting Spoliarium earned him recognition in Spain. Luna lived in Paris producing paintings and was commissioned for works by the Spanish government. However, he killed his wife and mother-in-law in 1892 in a fit of jealousy and was acquitted of charges by reason of temporary insanity. Luna later held government positions for the Philippines but died of a heart attack in 1899.
Emilio Jacinto y Dizon was one of the greatest military geniuses during his time in the Philippines. He was born in 1875 in Manila and joined the Katipunan revolution at age 19, serving as secretary and fiscal to Andres Bonifacio. As a leader in the Katipunan, he supervised the manufacture of gunpowder and wrote for their newspaper under the pen name Dimasilaw. After Bonifacio's death, Jacinto continued fighting for Katipunan's struggle until his untimely death from malaria at age 24.
Andres Bonifacio was a Filipino revolutionary and founder of the Katipunan movement. He worked various jobs to support his family after dropping out of school. In 1892, he helped revive La Liga Filipina and later founded the secret society Kataastaasang, Kagalanggalangang, KatipunanngmgaAnakng Bayan (KKK), also known as the Katipunan, to fight for Philippine independence from Spain through armed revolt. Rivalry grew between Bonifacio and Emilio Aguinaldo's faction in Cavite, which led to Bonifacio losing leadership at the Tejeros Convention in 1897. He was later arrested, tried for se
Andres Bonifacio was a Filipino revolutionary and leader who founded the secret organization Katipunan. He led the Philippine Revolution against Spanish colonial rule. Some key details:
- Bonifacio was self-educated and worked various jobs to support his family after becoming orphaned at age 14.
- He founded the Katipunan in 1892 with the goals of gaining independence from Spain through armed revolution.
- As head of the Katipunan, Bonifacio developed the organization and advocated for revolution. This brought him into conflict with Emilio Aguinaldo.
- Bonifacio was arrested and convicted of sedition by the revolutionary government. He was executed in 1897
the katipunan. The contents of this slide share are the following : The founding of katipunan, aims of katipunan and election in each katipunan.. ANY MANY MORE ....a lot of topic LEARN TO THIS SLIDE SHARE..ITS ALL ABOUT THE KATIPUNAN ...
Andres Bonifacio was a Filipino nationalist and revolutionary who founded the secret society Katipunan that sought independence from Spanish colonial rule. He helped spark the Philippine Revolution after authorities discovered Katipunan. As leader, Bonifacio declared a nationwide revolt against Spain in August 1896. However, conflict grew between Bonifacio and other revolutionary leaders, resulting in his arrest and execution in 1897, making him a martyr for the Philippine revolutionary movement.
The Japanese colonial period in the Philippines promoted the rise of Filipino literature by prohibiting English works and allowing only literature written in Filipino. Filipino poetry during this time was influenced by Japanese poetry and typically featured themes of nationalism, life in rural villages, faith, and the arts. Examples included haiku poems about nature and tanaga poems that used metaphors and similes to describe agricultural life, beauty, and the hot season.
The Propaganda Movement was a peaceful campaign in the late 19th century that aimed to promote reforms in the Philippines through publications and civic organizations. Led by educated Filipinos like Jose Rizal, the movement sought equality before the law for Filipinos, representation in the Spanish Cortes, and basic civil liberties. Rizal wrote novels like Noli Me Tangere that criticized aspects of Spanish rule. The Propaganda Movement's main publication was La Solidaridad, which advocated for liberal reforms and presented the conditions in the Philippines to Spain. Civic groups connected to the movement included La Asociacion Hispano-Filipino in Madrid and La Liga Filipina in Manila. However, the arrest of Rizal in 1892
Andres Bonifacio was a Filipino nationalist and revolutionary who helped found the secret society Katipunan, which sought independence from Spanish colonial rule. As Supremo of Katipunan, he started the Philippine Revolution in 1896 by declaring independence and establishing a revolutionary government. However, conflicts arose between his faction and that of Emilio Aguinaldo. Bonifacio was later captured, tried for sedition, and executed in 1897 at the age of 33, though the circumstances of his trial and death remain controversial. He is considered a de facto national hero of the Philippines.
The document provides details about the Philippine Revolution against Spanish colonial rule from 1896 to 1901. It discusses key events and figures like:
- The revolution beginning in 1896 led by Bonifacio and aimed at independence from Spain.
- Emilio Aguinaldo emerging as a leader and winning important battles that spread the revolution.
- The Tejeros Convention in 1897 where Aguinaldo was elected president of the revolutionary government, causing tensions with Bonifacio.
- The execution of Bonifacio on charges of sedition after he refused to recognize Aguinaldo's government.
- The establishment of brief revolutionary republics like the Biak-na-Bato Republic before agreements collapsed,
I just want to share it with everyone the powerpoint we made for our report in Philippine History (SOC 1) about the life of Diosdado Macapagal - the 9th president of the Philippines. This slideshow includes the early life, family, educational attainment, accomplishments and some photographs about him - known as the "Champion of the Common Man".
We are students from OLFU, QC. Taking up Bachelor of Science Major in Biology and BS Marketing.
Hope you enjoy watching it! Have fun learning!
Juan Luna was a Filipino painter and political activist born in 1857 in Badoc, Ilocos Norte. He died at age 42 of a heart attack in Hong Kong in 1899. Luna was a notable Filipino artist during the 19th century who played a role in the Philippine Revolution.
The document summarizes key events in the history of the First Philippine Republic between 1897-1902:
1) Emilio Aguinaldo and other revolutionaries declared the short-lived Republic of Biak-na-Bato in 1897, providing the Philippines' first constitution.
2) After the Spanish-American War, Aguinaldo declared Philippine independence in 1898 but the country soon fought the Philippine-American War as the U.S. imposed colonial control.
3) The conflict lasted until 1902 when the U.S. defeated Filipino nationalists, marking the end of the First Philippine Republic and beginning of American colonial rule per the Treaty of Paris.
Juan Luna was a prominent Filipino painter born in Badoc, Ilocos Norte in the Philippines in 1857. He studied art in Manila and Madrid, winning medals for his works. His painting Spoliarium earned him recognition in Spain. Luna lived in Paris producing paintings and was commissioned for works by the Spanish government. However, he killed his wife and mother-in-law in 1892 in a fit of jealousy and was acquitted of charges by reason of temporary insanity. Luna later held government positions for the Philippines but died of a heart attack in 1899.
Emilio Jacinto y Dizon was one of the greatest military geniuses during his time in the Philippines. He was born in 1875 in Manila and joined the Katipunan revolution at age 19, serving as secretary and fiscal to Andres Bonifacio. As a leader in the Katipunan, he supervised the manufacture of gunpowder and wrote for their newspaper under the pen name Dimasilaw. After Bonifacio's death, Jacinto continued fighting for Katipunan's struggle until his untimely death from malaria at age 24.
Andres Bonifacio was a Filipino revolutionary and founder of the Katipunan movement. He worked various jobs to support his family after dropping out of school. In 1892, he helped revive La Liga Filipina and later founded the secret society Kataastaasang, Kagalanggalangang, KatipunanngmgaAnakng Bayan (KKK), also known as the Katipunan, to fight for Philippine independence from Spain through armed revolt. Rivalry grew between Bonifacio and Emilio Aguinaldo's faction in Cavite, which led to Bonifacio losing leadership at the Tejeros Convention in 1897. He was later arrested, tried for se
Andres Bonifacio was a Filipino revolutionary and leader who founded the secret organization Katipunan. He led the Philippine Revolution against Spanish colonial rule. Some key details:
- Bonifacio was self-educated and worked various jobs to support his family after becoming orphaned at age 14.
- He founded the Katipunan in 1892 with the goals of gaining independence from Spain through armed revolution.
- As head of the Katipunan, Bonifacio developed the organization and advocated for revolution. This brought him into conflict with Emilio Aguinaldo.
- Bonifacio was arrested and convicted of sedition by the revolutionary government. He was executed in 1897
the katipunan. The contents of this slide share are the following : The founding of katipunan, aims of katipunan and election in each katipunan.. ANY MANY MORE ....a lot of topic LEARN TO THIS SLIDE SHARE..ITS ALL ABOUT THE KATIPUNAN ...
Andres Bonifacio was a Filipino nationalist and revolutionary who founded the secret society Katipunan that sought independence from Spanish colonial rule. He helped spark the Philippine Revolution after authorities discovered Katipunan. As leader, Bonifacio declared a nationwide revolt against Spain in August 1896. However, conflict grew between Bonifacio and other revolutionary leaders, resulting in his arrest and execution in 1897, making him a martyr for the Philippine revolutionary movement.
The Japanese colonial period in the Philippines promoted the rise of Filipino literature by prohibiting English works and allowing only literature written in Filipino. Filipino poetry during this time was influenced by Japanese poetry and typically featured themes of nationalism, life in rural villages, faith, and the arts. Examples included haiku poems about nature and tanaga poems that used metaphors and similes to describe agricultural life, beauty, and the hot season.
The Propaganda Movement was a peaceful campaign in the late 19th century that aimed to promote reforms in the Philippines through publications and civic organizations. Led by educated Filipinos like Jose Rizal, the movement sought equality before the law for Filipinos, representation in the Spanish Cortes, and basic civil liberties. Rizal wrote novels like Noli Me Tangere that criticized aspects of Spanish rule. The Propaganda Movement's main publication was La Solidaridad, which advocated for liberal reforms and presented the conditions in the Philippines to Spain. Civic groups connected to the movement included La Asociacion Hispano-Filipino in Madrid and La Liga Filipina in Manila. However, the arrest of Rizal in 1892
Andres Bonifacio was a Filipino nationalist and revolutionary who helped found the secret society Katipunan, which sought independence from Spanish colonial rule. As Supremo of Katipunan, he started the Philippine Revolution in 1896 by declaring independence and establishing a revolutionary government. However, conflicts arose between his faction and that of Emilio Aguinaldo. Bonifacio was later captured, tried for sedition, and executed in 1897 at the age of 33, though the circumstances of his trial and death remain controversial. He is considered a de facto national hero of the Philippines.
The document provides details about the Philippine Revolution against Spanish colonial rule from 1896 to 1901. It discusses key events and figures like:
- The revolution beginning in 1896 led by Bonifacio and aimed at independence from Spain.
- Emilio Aguinaldo emerging as a leader and winning important battles that spread the revolution.
- The Tejeros Convention in 1897 where Aguinaldo was elected president of the revolutionary government, causing tensions with Bonifacio.
- The execution of Bonifacio on charges of sedition after he refused to recognize Aguinaldo's government.
- The establishment of brief revolutionary republics like the Biak-na-Bato Republic before agreements collapsed,
I just want to share it with everyone the powerpoint we made for our report in Philippine History (SOC 1) about the life of Diosdado Macapagal - the 9th president of the Philippines. This slideshow includes the early life, family, educational attainment, accomplishments and some photographs about him - known as the "Champion of the Common Man".
We are students from OLFU, QC. Taking up Bachelor of Science Major in Biology and BS Marketing.
Hope you enjoy watching it! Have fun learning!
Juan Luna was a Filipino painter and political activist born in 1857 in Badoc, Ilocos Norte. He died at age 42 of a heart attack in Hong Kong in 1899. Luna was a notable Filipino artist during the 19th century who played a role in the Philippine Revolution.
The document provides a historical overview of railroads in the Philippines from the 19th century to the mid-20th century through a collection of photographs and illustrations. It traces the development of the Manila-Dagupan Railroad in the late 1800s, the expansion of railways under American rule after the Philippine Revolution, the growth of new rail lines in other regions in the early 1900s, and the operations of the rail system under Japanese occupation during World War 2. The document also includes pictures of various locomotives and rail equipment used in the Philippines over the decades.
Gregorio del Pilar was one of the youngest generals in the Philippine Revolution against Spanish rule. He defended Tirad Pass against American soldiers during the Philippine-American War and was killed in the battle. Del Pilar studied at Ateneo Municipal de Manila and joined the revolution under Andres Bonifacio, distinguishing himself as a field commander. He later joined Emilio Aguinaldo and was appointed section leader of revolutionary forces, leading victories over Spanish and American troops until being fatally shot at Tirad Pass in a delaying action to cover Aguinaldo's retreat.
The document summarizes how life in the Philippines changed tremendously under American colonial rule from 1898 to 1946. It introduced many aspects of American culture and institutions that still influence Philippine society today, such as the spread of Christianity and religious freedom, the introduction of democracy and free elections, establishment of a free public education system, adoption of the English language, development of infrastructure like hospitals and sanitation, and integration of American pop culture through movies, music and holidays. While American rule had both benefits like advancing healthcare, education and civil rights, it also had negative effects like the development of colonial mentality and preference for foreign goods and culture over local traditions. Overall, the document outlines the many legacies of American heritage that still impact the Philippines
This document provides an overview of Philippine literature in the 20th century. It describes how the language of literature shifted from Spanish to English as political control transitioned from Spain to the United States. Writers began publishing in English in newspapers and journals in the early 1900s. The document then profiles several notable Filipino writers from this era, including those who wrote in Spanish, English, and Tagalog. It also briefly discusses the emergence of vernacular drama and zarzuelas in the early 20th century.
Graciano Lopez-Jaena was a renowned Filipino orator and propagandist in the late 19th century. He was born in 1856 in Iloilo and was known for his outspoken criticism of the Spanish clergy through satirical stories and newspaper articles. This forced him to leave for Spain in the 1870s to avoid threats to his life. In Spain, he continued advocating for liberal reforms in the Philippines through contributions to numerous newspapers. He is renowned for founding organizations that promoted Filipino nationalism, such as the Logia Revolucion society and the El Latigo Nacional newspaper.
The document summarizes key events during the Philippine-American War from 1899-1902, including:
1) Emilio Aguinaldo becoming the first President of the Philippine Republic in January 1899 and the cabinet being organized.
2) Early battles between American and Filipino forces for control of Manila.
3) A series of victories by American forces that led to the fall of Filipino strongholds and the transfer of the capital to northern Luzon.
4) Continued resistance by Filipino generals including Gregorio del Pilar and Vicente Lukban, until Aguinaldo's capture in 1901, which marked the end of major combat in the war.
The document provides a summary of key events in Philippine history from 1895 to 1899, including:
1) The Cuban revolution against Spain in 1895 and the sinking of the USS Maine in 1898 drew the US into war with Spain over control of Cuba and the Philippines.
2) The US defeated Spain and gained control of the Philippines through the 1898 Treaty of Paris, frustrating Filipino aspirations for independence.
3) Emilio Aguinaldo declared Philippine independence in 1899 but US imposition of sovereignty led to the Philippine-American War until Aguinaldo's capture in 1901.
American Colonization Period in the Philippines (1901-1935)Shanish Asuncion
I made this powerpoint presentation all by myself for our Readings in the Philippine History course. Well, I'm just so proud of this ppt which I used for our report in the said course, so I thought of sharing this here, and I hope this'll help a lotta people, especially students, in the future. Don't forget to say thank you if this help/helped you. :)
- Shanish
Graciano López Jaena was a Filipino journalist and revolutionary born in 1856 in Iloilo. He founded the newspaper La Solidaridad in Spain in 1888 to advocate for Filipino independence. Along with Marcelo del Pilar and Jose Rizal, López Jaena was seen as one of the key Filipino propagandists fighting for independence. However, he died of tuberculosis in 1896, before Philippine independence was achieved.
Chapter 17: The First Philippine Republic and the Filipino-American WarJamaica Olazo
CHAPTER 17: THE FIRST PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC
AND THE FILIPINO-AMERICAN WAR
FIRST PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC
– was the first independent republic in in Asia by Asians.
- It was born during a war for independence.
- Lived only for two years because the Filipinos lost the war against the United States. (From January 23,1899 to March 23, 1901).
- Ended on the day when Aguinaldo was captured by the Americans.
MALOLOS CONGRESS AND MALOLOS CONSTITUTION
85 Filipinos – met in a revolutionary congress at Barasoain Church, Malolos, Bulacan starting September 15, 1898. They were the most intelligent men in the country.
Dr. Pedro A. Paterno – the president of the Malolos Congress.
Malolos Congress – approved the independence of the Philippines. It also started the making of a new constitution for the Philippines.
Constitution – the basic law of the government.
THE FIRST PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC
January 23,1899 – the first Philippine Republic was inaugurated at Barasoain Church, Malolos, Bulacan. It was a solemn and happy time.
Women – wore long, beautiful ternos.
Men – dressed in top hats, white gloves, and black coat tails.
Emilio Aguinaldo – was sworn in as president of the First Republic at the church altar. “Great is the day, glorious this date, and forever memorable this moment in which our beloved people are raised to the joy of independence.”
El Heraldo de la Revolution – the official newspaper of the government.
La Independencia – an independent newspaper ran by General Antonio Luna and other Filipinos.
Felipe Agoncillo – the first Filipino diplomat sent to Paris and Washington to work for recognition of Philippine Independence.
Other diplomats in Japan, France, England and Australia.
THE AMERICANS STARTED THE WAR
Americans wanted the Philippines to become a colony of the United States.
Strategy: Americans pretended that the Filipinos had brutally attacked them.
February 4, 1899 – at 8pm, an American sharpshooter, Private Robert W. Grayson of First Nebraska Volunteers, shot and killed a Filipino soldier crossing the San Juan Bridge.
February 6, 1899 – the American Senate passed the Treaty of Paris, making the Philippines a colony of the United States. It was approved by only one vote majority.
THE FILIPINO-AMERICAN WAR
- Filipinos fought a war of independence again. This time, against the Americans, their former allies. It was the second fight for independence by the Filipinos.
February 5, 1899 – the American navy bombarded the Filipino positions in Manila.
March 31, 1899 – the Americans captured Malolos, which was then the Capital of the First Philippine Republic.
November 27, 1898 – Generals Aniceto Lacson and Juan Araneta organized the “Republic of Negros”.
December 19, 1899 – the famous hero of the American Civil War, General Henry C. Lawton was killed by the Filipino troops during the Battle in San Mateo, Rizal.
The document summarizes various American influences on Filipino culture, society, and politics during the American Colonial Period from 1888 to 1945. It discusses influences on diet, dress, emancipation of women, education, literature in English and local languages, plays, journalism, fine arts, music, science, holidays, and nationalism. Key American influences included the introduction of American foods, clothing styles, and cigarettes. Women gained new rights and access to higher education. The US established schools and sent teachers and students to America. Literature and journalism flourished in both English and Filipino languages. Architecture, music, dances, and sciences also took on American styles and techniques.
Lapu-lapu
Si Lapu-lapu ang kauna-unahang pinunong Pilipinong lumaban sa mga mananakop na Kastila. Pinamumunuan ni Magallanes ang unang pangkat ng mga Kastilang nagtangkang sumakop sa kapuluan. Nang dumating siya kasama ng kanyang mga sundalo sa pulo ng Mactan, magiting na ipinagtanggol ni Lapulapu at ng kanyang mga tauhan ang kalayaan nila. Napatay si Magallanes sa labanang iyon kaya't itinanghal na unang bayaning Pilipino si Lapu-lapu ng bansa.
1. Si Antonio Luna (Oktubre 29, 1866 - Hunyo 5, 1899) ay nakakabatang kapatid ni Juan Luna. Siya ay nakilala bilang isa sa mga mahuhusay na manunulat, sundalo, makabayan, at martir para sa Pilipinas.<br />Ipinanganak siya sa Maynila noong ika-29 ng Oktubre, 1866 sa Binondo, Maynila. Siya ang bunsong anak nina Joacquin Luna at Laureana Novicio. Nagtapos siya ng Bachiller en Artes saAteneo de Manila noong 1883 sa murang edad na 15. Kumuha rin siya ng kursong parmasyutika sa Unibersidad ng Santo Tomas at nakamit niya ang kanyang lisensya sa kursong ito sa Unibersidad de Barcelona. Natapos din siya sa pagkakadalubhasa sa parmasyutika sa Ghent, Belhika. Sa propesyon ay isa siyang parmasyotiko.<br />Ang pagsusulat ang kanyang libangan. Iniakda niya ang El Nomatozario del Paerdismo na nalathala sa Madrid noong 1893. Ito ang kanyang pinakamalaking naiambag niya sa literaturang pang-medisina. Siya ang nagtatag ng La Independencia at nagpapadala rin siya ng mga lathalain sa ibang pahayagan.<br />Sa simula pa'y isa siyang tagpagtaguyod ng paghingi ng reporma sa mapayapang pamamaraan. Dahil sa hinalang siya ay isa sa mga teroristang laban sa pamahalaan, dinakip siya ng mga maykapangyarihang Kastila, nilitis at ikinulong ng mga Kastila.<br />Nang siya ay makalaya, nag-aral siya ng iba't ibang paraan ng pakikipaglaban sa Ghent. Pagbalik niya sa Pilipinas, sumapi siya sa rebolusyonaryong pamahalaan ni Emilio Aguinaldo. Hinirang siyang direktor ng digmaan at tagapamahalang heneral ng Hukbong Rebolusyonaryo. Siya ay ginawang kabahagi ng sandatahang lakas laban sa mga Amerikano.<br />Bilang isang sundalo, si Antonio'y mahigpit magparusa. Sa panahon ng pakikipagdigmaan, pinagsumikapan niyang maipailalim sa isang disiplina ang mga tauhan sa Batalyon ng Kabite. Isa sa kanyang madugong pakikipaglaban ay naganap sa La Loma na kung saan ay napatay si Major Jose Torres Bugallon. Marami pang ibang pinuno ng kalaban ang nagapi ni Heneral Luna ngunit dumating ang isang pagkakataon na sila ay natalo at ito ay naganap sa Caloocan.<br />Natagpuan ni Heneral Luna ang kanyang kamatayan noong ika-8 ng Hunyo, 1899 sa Cabanatuan sa lalawigan ng Nueva Ecija. Nagtungo siya roon sa pagtupad sa isang ipinalalagay na pagtawag ni Heneral Aguinaldo upang dumalo sa isang pulong.Habang nasa loob ng simbahan ng Cabanatuan, binaril siya ng mga sundalo ni Aguinaldo na inihingi niyang bigyan ng disiplina.<br />Sa pagkamatay ni Antonio Luna nawalan ng isang dakilang kawal at pinuno ng rebolusyon ang Unang Republika ng Pilipinas.<br />Antonio Luna<br />Si Antonio Luna “Taga-Ilog”(Oktubre 29, 1866 - Hunyo 5, 1899) ang nakakabatang kapatid ni Juan Luna.<br />Ipinanganak siya sa Maynila noong ika-29 ng Oktubre, 1866 sa Binondo, Maynila. Siya ang bunsong anak nina Joacquin Luna at Laureana Novicio. Nagtapos siya ng Bachiller en Artes saAteneo de Manila noong 1883 sa murang edad na 15. Kumuha rin siya ng kursong parmasyutika sa Unibersidad ng Santo Tomas at nakamit niya ang kanyang lisensya sa kursong ito saUnibersidad de Barcelona. Natapos din siya sa pagkakadalubhasa sa parmasyutika sa Ghent,Belhika. Sa propesyon ay isa siyang parmasyotiko.<br />Ang pagsusulat ang kanyang libangan. Iniakda niya ang El Nomatozario del Paerdismo na nalathala sa Madrid noong 1893. Ito ang kanyang pinakamalaking naiambag niya sa literaturang pang-medisina. Siya ang nagtatag ng La Independencia at nagpapadala rin siya ng mga lathalain sa ibang pahayagan.<br />Sa simula pa'y isa siyang tagpagtaguyod ng paghingi ng reporma sa mapayapang pamamaraan. Dahil sa hinalang siya ay isa sa mga teroristang laban sa pamahalaan, dinakip siya ng mga maykapangyarihang Kastila, nilitis at ikinulong ng mga Kastila.<br />Nang siya ay makalaya, nag-aral siya ng iba't ibang paraan ng pakikipaglaban sa Ghent. Pagbalik niya sa Pilipinas, sumapi siya sa rebolusyonaryong pamahalaan ni Emilio Aguinaldo. Hinirang siyang direktor ng digmaan at tagapamahalang heneral ng Hukbong Rebolusyonaryo. Siya ay ginawang kabahagi ng sandatahang lakas laban sa mga Amerikano.<br />Bilang isang sundalo, si Antonio'y mahigpit magparusa. Sa panahon ng pakikipagdigmaan, pinagsumikapan niyang maipailalim sa isang disiplina ang mga tauhan sa Batalyon ng Kabite. Isa sa kanyang madugong pakikipaglaban ay naganap sa La Loma na kung saan ay napatay si Major Jose Torres Bugallon. Marami pang ibang pinuno ng kalaban ang nagapi ni Heneral Luna ngunit dumating ang isang pagkakataon na sila ay natalo at ito ay naganap sa Caloocan.<br />Natagpuan ni Heneral Luna ang kanyang kamatayan noong ika-8 ng Hunyo, 1899 sa Cabanatuan sa lalawigan ng Nueva Ecija. Nagtungo siya roon sa pagtupad sa isang ipinalalagay na pagtawag ni Heneral Aguinaldo upang dumalo sa isang pulong.Habang nasa loob ng simbahan ng Cabanatuan, binaril siya ng mga sundalo ni Aguinaldo na inihingi niyang bigyan ng disiplina.<br />Sa pagkamatay ni Antonio Luna nawalan ng isang dakilang kawal at pinuno ng rebolusyon ang Unang Republika ng Pilipinas.<br />
