1) The document discusses key terms related to chemistry and biology including word parts like "-ase" denoting enzymes and "-ose" denoting sugars. 2) It explains the components of atoms including protons, neutrons, and electrons, and defines elements and compounds giving examples like water and salt. 3) The four main macromolecules are described as carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins, with examples like sugars, fats, DNA and RNA, and meats.