The document outlines the principles of marketing research, emphasizing the importance of systematic design, data collection, analysis, and reporting for informed decision-making. It details various types of marketing research firms, research methods, and forms of data collection, including qualitative and quantitative techniques. Additionally, the document discusses marketing metrics and decision support systems that help assess marketing productivity and ROI.

1. Conducting
Marketing Research
Prepared By,
Mr. Nishant Agrawal

2. Chapter Questions
• What constitutes good marketing research?
• What are good metrics for measuring
marketing productivity?
• How can marketers assess their return on
investment of marketing expenditures?
• How can companies more accurately
measure and forecast demand?

3. What is Marketing Research?
Marketing research is the systematic design,
collection, analysis, and reporting of data and findings
relevant to a specific marketing situation facing the
company.

4. Types of Marketing Research Firms
1. Syndicated service
• These firms gather consumer and trade information which
sell for a fee.
1. Custom
• These firm are hired to carry out specific project.
1. Specialty-line
• These firms provide specialized research services.

5. The Marketing Research Process
1. Define the problem
2. Develop research plan
3. Collect information
4. Analyze information
5. Present findings
6. Make decision

6. Step 1: Define the Problem
• Define the problem
• Specify decision alternatives
• State research objectives

7. Step 2: Develop the Research Plan
• Data sources
• Research approach
• Research instruments
• Sampling plan
• Contact methods

8. Research Approaches
• Observation
• Ethnographic (approach that uses concept and tools)
• Focus group research ( 10 people invited to spend few hours with
skilled moderator )
• Survey
• Behavioral data
• Experimentation

9. Research Instruments
• Questionnaires
• Qualitative Measures
• Visualization
• Word association and projective association
• Technological Devices

10. Questionnaire Do’s and Don’ts
• Ensure questions are
free of bias
• Make questions simple
• Make questions
specific
• Avoid jargon
• Avoid unclear words
• Avoid negatives
• Avoid words that could
be misheard
• Use response bands
• Use mutually exclusive
categories
• Allow for “other” in fixed
response questions

11. Question Types - Dichotomous
In arranging this trip, did you contact
American Airlines?
 Yes  No

12. Question Types – Multiple Choice
With whom are you traveling on this trip?
 No one
 Spouse
 Spouse and children
 Children only
 Business associates/friends/relatives
 An organized tour group

13. Question Types – Likert Scale
Indicate your level of agreement with the
following statement: Small airlines generally give
better service than large ones.
 Strongly disagree
 Disagree
 Neither agree nor disagree
 Agree
 Strongly agree

14. Question Types – Semantic Differential
American Airlines
Large ………………………………...…….Small
Experienced………………….….Inexperienced
Modern……………………….…..Old-fashioned

15. Question Types – Importance Scale
Airline food service is _____ to me.
 Extremely important
 Very important
 Somewhat important
 Not very important
 Not at all important

16. Question Types – Rating Scale
American Airlines’ food service is _____.
 Excellent
 Very good
 Good
 Fair
 Poor

17. Question Types –
Intention to Buy Scale
How likely are you to purchase tickets on
American Airlines if in-flight Internet access
were available?
 Definitely buy
 Probably buy
 Not sure
 Probably not buy
 Definitely not buy

18. Question Types –
Completely Unstructured
What is your opinion of American Airlines?

19. Question Types –
Word Association
What is the first word that comes to your mind
when you hear the following?
Airline ________________________
American _____________________
Travel ________________________

20. Question Types –
Sentence Completion
When I choose an airline, the most important
consideration in my decision is:
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
__________________.

21. Question Types –
Story Completion
“I flew American a few days ago. I noticed that
the exterior and interior of the plane had very
bright colors. This aroused in me the following
thoughts and feelings.” Now complete the story.
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________

22. Question Types –
Picture (Empty Balloons)

23. Qualitative Measures
• Word association
• Projective techniques
• Visualization
• Brand personification
• Laddering

24. Technological Devices
• Galvanometers (measure interest and emotions)
• Eye cameras (study eye moment)
• Audiometers
• GPS

25. Sampling Plan
• Sampling unit: Who is to be surveyed?
• Sample size: How many people should be
surveyed?
• Sampling procedure: How should the respondents
be chosen?

26. Table 4.2 Types of Samples
Probability Samples
• Simple random
• Stratified random
• Cluster
Nonprobability Samples
• Convenience
• Judgment
• Quota

27. Contact Methods
• Mail questionnaire
• Telephone interview
• Personal interview
• Online interview

28. Pros and Cons of Online Research
Advantages
• Inexpensive
• Fast
• Accuracy of data, even
for sensitive questions
• Versatility / flexibility
Disadvantages
• Small samples
• Skewed samples
• Technological
problems
• Inconsistencies

29. Marketing Research Process
Step 4 : Analyze information
Step 5 : Present findings
Step 6 : Make decision

30. Marketing Decision Support System (MDSS)
A marketing decision support system is a
coordinated collection of data, systems, tools, and
techniques with supporting hardware and software by
which an organization gathers and interprets relevant
information from business and environment and turns
it into a basis for marketing action.

31. Characteristics of
Good Marketing Research
• Scientific method
• Research creativity
• Multiple methods
• Interdependence
• Value and cost of information
• Ethical marketing

32. Measuring Marketing Productivity
What are Marketing Metrics?
Marketing metrics are the set of measures
that helps marketers quantify, compare, and
interpret marketing performance.

33. Sample Marketing Metrics
External
• Awareness
• Market share
• Relative price
• Number of complaints
• Customer satisfaction
• Distribution
• Total number of
customers
• Loyalty
Internal
• Awareness of goals
• Commitment to goals
• Active support
• Resource adequacy
• Staffing levels
• Desire to learn
• Willingness to change
• Freedom to fail
• Autonomy

34. What is Marketing-Mix Modeling?
Marketing-mix models analyze data from a variety of
sources, such as retailer scanner data, company
shipment data, pricing, media, and promotion
spending data, to understand more precisely the
effects of specific marketing activities.

35. Marketing Dashboards
• A customer-performance scorecard records how well the
company is doing year after year on customer-based
measures.
• A stakeholder-performance scorecard tracks the satisfaction
of various constituencies who have a critical interest in and
impact on the company’s performance including employees,
suppliers, banks, distributors, retailers, and stockholders.

36. Table 4.5 Sample Customer-Performance
Scorecard Measures
• % of new customers to average #
• % of lost customers to average #
• % of win-back customers to average #
• % of customers in various levels of satisfaction
• % of customers who would repurchase
• % of target market members with brand recall
• % of customers who say brand is most
preferred

37. Common Measurement Paths
(Page no 99)
• Customer metrics pathway
• Unit metrics pathway
• Cash-flow metrics pathway
• Brand metrics pathway