The document discusses elements that contribute to effective image composition: tone, sharpness, color scale, and arrangement. It describes how to use brightness, contrast, and color balance adjustments to control tone. Sharpness can be used to direct the viewer's attention by ensuring the subject is in focus. Scale and arrangement of elements within the frame also impact the message conveyed and where the eye is drawn. The document provides tips on using tools in Photoshop to refine these compositional elements.