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Cahndigarh City & Housing
Chandigarh is one of the most significant urban planning experiments of the 20th century. It is the only one of the numerous urban planning schemes of Le Corbusier to have actually been executed. It is also the site of some of his greatest architectural creations. The city has had a far-reaching impact, ushering in a modern idiom of architecture and city planning all over India. It has become a symbol of planned urbanism. It is as famous for its landscaping as for its architectural ambience. Most of the buildings are in pure, cubical form, geometrically subdivided with emphasis on proportion, scale and detail. It was one of the early planned cities in post-independent India and is internationally known for its architecture and urban design. The master plan of the city was prepared by Swiss-French architect Le Corbusier, which transformed from earlier plans created by the Polish architect Maciej Nowicki and the American planner Albert Mayer. Most of the government buildings and housing in the city, were designed by the Chandigarh Capital Project Team headed by Le Corbusier, Jane Drew and Maxwell Fry
Cahndigarh City & Housing
Chandigarh is one of the most significant urban planning experiments of the 20th century. It is the only one of the numerous urban planning schemes of Le Corbusier to have actually been executed. It is also the site of some of his greatest architectural creations. The city has had a far-reaching impact, ushering in a modern idiom of architecture and city planning all over India. It has become a symbol of planned urbanism. It is as famous for its landscaping as for its architectural ambience. Most of the buildings are in pure, cubical form, geometrically subdivided with emphasis on proportion, scale and detail. It was one of the early planned cities in post-independent India and is internationally known for its architecture and urban design. The master plan of the city was prepared by Swiss-French architect Le Corbusier, which transformed from earlier plans created by the Polish architect Maciej Nowicki and the American planner Albert Mayer. Most of the government buildings and housing in the city, were designed by the Chandigarh Capital Project Team headed by Le Corbusier, Jane Drew and Maxwell Fry
This presentation covers the Urban Planning stages of Bhubaneswar, one of India's first modern cities along with Jamshedpur and Chandigarh. This city, the current capital of the coastal state of Odisha, was planned the German architect and urban planner, Otto Konigsberger, who also happens to be the author of 'Manual of Tropical Housing and Building.'
Chennai the fourth largest metropolis in India. Chennai Metropolitan Area (CMA) extends over 1189 sq.km.and comprises of
Chennai Corporation,
16 Municipalities,
20 Town Panchayats and
214 villages covered in 10 Panchayats Unions
It encompasses the Chennai District (176 sq.km.), part of Thiruvallur District (637 sq.km.) and a part of Kancheepuram District (376 sq.km.).
This presentation covers the Urban Planning stages of Bhubaneswar, one of India's first modern cities along with Jamshedpur and Chandigarh. This city, the current capital of the coastal state of Odisha, was planned the German architect and urban planner, Otto Konigsberger, who also happens to be the author of 'Manual of Tropical Housing and Building.'
Chennai the fourth largest metropolis in India. Chennai Metropolitan Area (CMA) extends over 1189 sq.km.and comprises of
Chennai Corporation,
16 Municipalities,
20 Town Panchayats and
214 villages covered in 10 Panchayats Unions
It encompasses the Chennai District (176 sq.km.), part of Thiruvallur District (637 sq.km.) and a part of Kancheepuram District (376 sq.km.).
le Corbusier was a Swiss-French architect, designer, painter, urban planner, writer, and one of the pioneers of what is now regarded as modern architecture. He was born in Switzerland and became a French citizen in 1930. His career spanned five decades, and he designed buildings in Europe, Japan, India, and North and South America.
Making and unmaking of Chandigarh - making public spaces -JIT KUMAR GUPTA
Presentation tries to showcase in brief , what went into making and unmaking of Chandigarh in its historical perspective in terms of planning, architecture, principles adopted to make city a great experiment in urban planning and architecture. It also briefly goes over the challenge faced by the city and the options which can be exercised. It also briefly defines the wonderful public spaces, city has developed over a period of time.
Paper looks at the history and geography of Chandigarh in terms of its conceptualization, planning, designing,growth and development besides looking at the issues and options which the city has to overcome emerging problems. Paper is based on earlier papers loaded on Chandigarh
Presentation made by students of Thejus College of Architecture about the contributions of Le corbusier. Created by Group 5 students [Mohammad Ashiq, Nirmal Jose, Rahul Ram, Nitha Sherin, Rithik and Sanjay.
Aimed for a beautiful city based on traditional garden city and neighboorhood unit concept.
Flat site, created street layout avoiding geometric grid in favour of a loosely curving system.
Fan shaped plan
Created super blocks that accommodated nearly 1500 families.
3 superblocks forms a district.
After the death of Nowicki the work was haulted and the contract was handed over to Le Corbusier.
The city centre is the heart of Chandigarh’s activities.
It comprises the ISBT, parade ground, district courts etc.. On one hand and the vast commercial and shopping centre on the other side.
There are huge parking areas for the commercial zones so that the parking problems don’t create a havoc on the main roads.
There were ample seating spaces and public amenities (toilets, dustbins, etc) provided at regular intervals
The city centre is the heart of Chandigarh’s activities.
It comprises the ISBT, parade ground, district courts etc.. On one hand and the vast commercial and shopping centre on the other side.
There are huge parking areas for the commercial zones so that the parking problems don’t create a havoc on the main roads.
There were ample seating spaces and public amenities (toilets, dustbins, etc) provided at regular intervals
An entire zone has been designated as industrial area in the masterplan
Site for the industrial area was chosen according to the prevailing wind direction.
The wind blew away the smoke from the industries and it could never enter the city
Green belt provided along the industry area to maintain the air quality in the vicinity.
The leisure valley (8km) long is the green spaces extending North-East to South-West along a seasonal riverlet gradient and was conceived by Le Corbusier as the LUNGS OF THE CITY.
Apart from botanical gardens and parks these green belts also consist of fitness trails, amphitheatres and spaces for open air exhibitions.
Impact of Chandigarh on the India Urban Planning & ArchitectureJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Presentation focuses on Chandigarh as a laboratory for urban planning and architecture, defining new ideas in the domain of city planning- which include, planning with nature and natural elements of Sun, Space and Greenery ; making cities people centric; minimising travel; promoting self-contained communities; defining a new pattern of urban travel; making people happy and healthy; promoting nature; creating valley of leisure; making landscaping integral part of city planning; preserving all existing flora and fauna; proving good urbanism makes good money and defining an edict to educate future generations of the city about its planning and designing to preserve the legacy.
its a presentation on garden cities comparing the case of chandigarh and lutyens city delhi do noy copy all rights are taken....
if you need we make goo and more better ppts than this call on 9975432591 also can whatsapp on the same number
Portal frame construction by Rhythm MurgaiRhythm Murgai
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Top 5 Indian Style Modular Kitchen DesignsFinzo Kitchens
Get the perfect modular kitchen in Gurgaon at Finzo! We offer high-quality, custom-designed kitchens at the best prices. Wardrobes and home & office furniture are also available. Free consultation! Best Quality Luxury Modular kitchen in Gurgaon available at best price. All types of Modular Kitchens are available U Shaped Modular kitchens, L Shaped Modular Kitchen, G Shaped Modular Kitchens, Inline Modular Kitchens and Italian Modular Kitchen.
Transforming Brand Perception and Boosting Profitabilityaaryangarg12
In today's digital era, the dynamics of brand perception, consumer behavior, and profitability have been profoundly reshaped by the synergy of branding, social media, and website design. This research paper investigates the transformative power of these elements in influencing how individuals perceive brands and products and how this transformation can be harnessed to drive sales and profitability for businesses.
Through an exploration of brand psychology and consumer behavior, this study sheds light on the intricate ways in which effective branding strategies, strategic social media engagement, and user-centric website design contribute to altering consumers' perceptions. We delve into the principles that underlie successful brand transformations, examining how visual identity, messaging, and storytelling can captivate and resonate with target audiences.
Methodologically, this research employs a comprehensive approach, combining qualitative and quantitative analyses. Real-world case studies illustrate the impact of branding, social media campaigns, and website redesigns on consumer perception, sales figures, and profitability. We assess the various metrics, including brand awareness, customer engagement, conversion rates, and revenue growth, to measure the effectiveness of these strategies.
The results underscore the pivotal role of cohesive branding, social media influence, and website usability in shaping positive brand perceptions, influencing consumer decisions, and ultimately bolstering sales and profitability. This paper provides actionable insights and strategic recommendations for businesses seeking to leverage branding, social media, and website design as potent tools to enhance their market position and financial success.
White wonder, Work developed by Eva TschoppMansi Shah
White Wonder by Eva Tschopp
A tale about our culture around the use of fertilizers and pesticides visiting small farms around Ahmedabad in Matar and Shilaj.
You could be a professional graphic designer and still make mistakes. There is always the possibility of human error. On the other hand if you’re not a designer, the chances of making some common graphic design mistakes are even higher. Because you don’t know what you don’t know. That’s where this blog comes in. To make your job easier and help you create better designs, we have put together a list of common graphic design mistakes that you need to avoid.
Hello everyone! I am thrilled to present my latest portfolio on LinkedIn, marking the culmination of my architectural journey thus far. Over the span of five years, I've been fortunate to acquire a wealth of knowledge under the guidance of esteemed professors and industry mentors. From rigorous academic pursuits to practical engagements, each experience has contributed to my growth and refinement as an architecture student. This portfolio not only showcases my projects but also underscores my attention to detail and to innovative architecture as a profession.
Book Formatting: Quality Control Checks for DesignersConfidence Ago
This presentation was made to help designers who work in publishing houses or format books for printing ensure quality.
Quality control is vital to every industry. This is why every department in a company need create a method they use in ensuring quality. This, perhaps, will not only improve the quality of products and bring errors to the barest minimum, but take it to a near perfect finish.
It is beyond a moot point that a good book will somewhat be judged by its cover, but the content of the book remains king. No matter how beautiful the cover, if the quality of writing or presentation is off, that will be a reason for readers not to come back to the book or recommend it.
So, this presentation points designers to some important things that may be missed by an editor that they could eventually discover and call the attention of the editor.
Between Filth and Fortune- Urban Cattle Foraging Realities by Devi S Nair, An...Mansi Shah
This study examines cattle rearing in urban and rural settings, focusing on milk production and consumption. By exploring a case in Ahmedabad, it highlights the challenges and processes in dairy farming across different environments, emphasising the need for sustainable practices and the essential role of milk in daily consumption.
2. SELECTION OF SITE
To select a suitable site, the Govt. of Punjab appointed a Committee in 1948
under the Chairmanship of P.L Verma, Chief Engineer to assess and
evaluate the existing towns in the State for setting up the proposed capital of
Punjab.
However, none was found suitable on the basis of several reasons, such as
military vulnerability, shortage of drinking water, inaccessibility, inability to
cope in flux of large number of refugees etc.
The present site was selected in 1948 taking into account various attributes
such as its Central location in the state, proximity to the national capital &
availability of sufficient water supply, fertile of soil, gradient of land for natural
drainage, beautiful site with the panorama of blue hills as backdrop &
moderate climate.
3. PLANNER
An American Firm, M/s. Mayer, Whittlessay and Glass was commissioned in
1950 to prepare the Master Plan for the new City.
Albert Mayer and Mathew Novicki evolved a fan shaped Master Plan and
worked out conceptual sketches of the super block.
Novicki was tragically killed in an air accident and Mayer decided to
discontinue. Thereafter, the work was assigned to a team of architect known
as Le Corbusier in 1951.
4. Le Corbusier's Master Plan
The Master plan prepared by Le Corbusier was broadly similar to the one
prepared by the team of planners led by Albert Mayer and Mathew Novicki
except that the shape of the city plan was modified from one with a curving
road network to rectangular shape with a grid iron pattern for the fast traffic
roads, besides reducing its area for reason of economy.
The city plan was conceived as post war ‘Garden City’ wherein vertical and
high rise buildings were ruled out, keeping in view the socio economic-conditions
and living habits of the people.
Due to economic constraints, the master plan was to be realized in two
phases, catering to a total population of half a million.
Phase-I consisting of 30 low density sector spread over an area of 9000
acres (Sector 1 to 30) for 1,50,000 people
Phase-II consisting of 17 considerably high density Sectors ( Sectors 31 to
47) spread over an area of 6000 acres for a population of 3,50,000.
5. THREE DISCIPLINES
The discipline of money - In working up his designs,le corbuiser consulted
the program for each building as given in the budget and then prepared the
initial project.
The discipline of technology Available in quantity, however, was good clay
stone and sand,and,above all’ human labour. The materials of which
chandigarh has been constructed are rough concrete in the capitol complex
and the central business district and for most of the city, especially in
housing,locally produced brick.
The discipline of climate Besides the administrative and financial
regulatons there was a law of the sun in india. The architectural problem
consists;first to make shade,second to make a current of air[to ventilate],
third to control hydraulics.
6. SECTOR- THE BASIS PLANNING UNIT
The primary module of city’s design is a Sector, a neighborhood unit of size
800 meters x 1200 meters.
It is a self-sufficient unit having shops, school, health centers and places of
recreations and worship.
The population of a sector varies between 3000 and 20000 depending upon
the sizes of plots and the topography of the area.
The shops are located along the V4 street (shopping street), which runs
North-West to South-East across the sector.
Every sector permits only 4 vehicular entries into its interior.
7. Circulation
Le Corbusier's traffic system followed Mayer's lines but was more elaborate; he called it Les
Sept Voies de Circulation, or Seven Vs.
The rationale of his planning was the motor car. "From his early studies in urbanism, Le
Corbusier had identified the motor car as the central factor of modern town planning.
The 7 Vs act in the town plan as the bloodstream, the lymph system and the respiratory
system act in biology.
The 7Vs establishes a hierarchy of traffic circulation ranging from : arterial roads (V1), major
boulevards (V2) sector definers (V3), shopping streets (V4), neighbourhood streets (V5),
access lanes (V6) and pedestrian paths and cycle tracks (V7s and V8s).
V1 connects chandigarh to other cities.
The entrance of cars into the sectors, which are exclusively reserved to family life, can take
place on four points only; in the middle of the 1,200 meters; in the middle of the 800 meters.
The bus stops are provided each time at 200 meters from the circus so as to served the
four pedestrian entrances into a sector.
The road system was so designed that "never a door will open on the surrounding V3s:
precisely the four surrounding V3s must be separated from the sector by a blind wall all
along." Buses can ply on the V4s, the horizontal connection between contiguous sectors,
but not within the sector interiors
9. Working
Chandigarh has four main work centers :
The Capitol Complex in the north-east
The Educational institutes in the north-west
The City Centre in the heart
The industrial area in the south-east
10. HIERARCHY of GREEN AREAS
A Hierarchy of Green Spaces can be observed in both
the layout ranging from Public Greens at City Level to
Semi-Private to Private Green Areas.
City Level Public Green Space with Artificial
Water Body
Free- Flowing Green Space, connecting the entire
site
Semi-Private Green Areas for neighborhood
pockets
Private Green Areas for Residential Units
11. CONCEPT
• The 7Vs establishes a hierarchy of traffic circulation
ranging from : arterial roads (V1), major boulevards (V2)
sector definers (V3), shopping streets (V4),
neighbourhood streets (V5), access lanes (V6) and
pedestrian paths and cycle tracks (V7s and V8s). The
essence of his plan for Chandigarh rests on preserving
intact the true functions of these seven types of roads.
12. ROADS
V-1 Roads connecting Chandigarh with other cities like Ambala, Kharar and
Shimla.
V-2 They are the major avenues of Chandigarh, with important institutional and
commercial functions running alongside. In Chandigarh they are identifiable as 'Margs'.
Madhya Marg, DakshinMarg, Jan Marg, Himalaya Marg, UttarMargand PurvMarg are
important examples.
V-3 They are the corridor-streets for fast moving vehicular traffic. A Sector is surrounded
by either V-2 or V-3 roads.
V-4 Roads bisecting the Sectors with shopping complexes located along their southern
edge.
V-5 Roads meandering through the Sector giving access to its inner areas.
V-6 Roads leading off the V-5s and providing access to dwelling.
13. • V-7 They are intended for pedestrian
movement and run through the
middle of the sectors in the green
areas. A few examples are along the
Jan Marg, in Punjab University &
Sector 15.
• V-8 They are intended to run parallel
to V-7s for bi-cycles and are not fully
developed.
14. THE CAPITOL COMPLEX
THE AREA OF THE GREATEST SYMBOLIC SIGNIFICANCE IN
CHANDIGARH WAS THE CAPITOL COMPLEX , WHICH IN ITS FINAL
FORM WAS BASED ON THE DESIGN OF A GRAET CROSS AXIS
THE MOST IMPORTANT GROUP OF THE BUILDINGS CONSTITUTING
THE CAPITOL- RIGHT, THE PARLIAMENT, LEFT,IN THE BACKGROUND,
THE SECRETARIAT
IN THE FOREGROUND, THE POOL OF THE PALACE OF JUSTICE
THE ARTIFICIAL HILLS IN THE FRONT OF THE SECRETARIAT HAVE
NOT BEEN CREATED AND LAID OUT IN ACCORDANCE WITH
COEBUSIER;S CONCEPTIONS
ALTHOUGH THE SCENE IS HARMONIUS IN EFFECT, THERE ARE STILL
MISSING THE BUILDINGS THAT BELONG HERE ,SUCH AS , FOR
INSTANCE, THE TOWERS OF SHADOWS
17. • City Centre DLF is located at Rajeev Gandhi IT Park Chandigarh,close to
Golf range and Sukhna lake. It is hardly 15 minutes drive from sector 17
and very close to the heritage residential areas of Chandigarh. It is built
on 2 lakh square feet at the junction point of Panchkula, Manimajra &
Chandigarh overlooking the beautiful Shivalik Range. The mall welcomes
visitors of Tricity-Chandigarh, Panchkula and Mohali.
• The Mall caters to the taste of discerning shoppers across a broad age
spectrum and offers a unique blend of international and indigenous
brands, a mix of handcrafted Indian designer wear, Fashion Accessories
and yet also the latest international Fashion trends for Men, Women &
Kids. Some of the premium brands at City Centre Chandigarh is Harley
Davidson , United Colors of Benetton, Puma, Nike, Alcott, Arrow,
mothercare, Tommy Hiliger, U S Polo, Madame, Chemistry, Meena
Bazaar and more.
• Shoppers can indulge in their favorite Sports brands, choose from a range
of Fashion Eyewear, Fragrances and Accessories. It also offers various
dining options like Rajdhani and the Tricity’s most Beautiful restobar Black
Magic. Needless to say EAT FOOD LOUNGE, the Food Court is visited
by more than 15,000 food lovers every Weekend. It offers the best of the
international fastfood such as Subway, Baskin Robbins, Dominos,
18. SITE PLAN
OPEN HAND
GOVERNOR,S PALACE
HIGH COURT
ASSEMBLY
SECRETARIAT
19. 19
THE SECTOR
• TAKING CHANDIGARH AS AN EXAMPLE,WE MAY SEE AT ONCE THE DEMOCRATIC IDEA WHICH ALLOWS US
TO DEVOTE AN EQUAL CARE TO HOUSING ALL CLASSES OF SOCIETY TO SEK NEW SOCIAL GROUPINGS,
NEW PATTERNS OF EDUCATION AND PUBLIC WELFARE,AND MADE MORE POSSIBLE BY PRACTICAL
APLICATOIN OF THE SCIENTIFIC IDEA WHICH THROUGH INDUSTRIALISM,GIVES US SUCH BENEFITS AS
PIPED WATER,ELECRICITY AND CHEAP TRANSPORT.
• EACH SECTOR IS DESIGNATED BY NUMBER,THE CAPITAL COMPLEX BEING NUMBER 1,WITH THE
REMAINING SECTORS NUMBERED CONSECUTIVELY BEGINNING AT THE NORTH CORNER OF THE CITY.
• AT PRESENT THERE ARE 30 SECTORS IN CHANDIGARH,OF WHICH 24 ARE RESIDENTIAL.
• THE SECTORS AT THE UPPER EDGE OF THE CITY ARE OF ABBREVIATED SIZE.
• IN ALL TYPE OF HOUSING ,PARTLY BECAUSE OF THE GLAZING EXPENSE,PARTLY TO KEEP OUT SUN.
• AS THE MOST ECONOMICAL AND READILY AVAILABLE MATERIAL FOR BUILDING AT CHANDIGARH WAS
LOCALLY MADE BRICK.
• THIS BECAME THE MATERIAL OF CONSTRUCTION.
• THE FLAT ROOF WAS EMPLOYED THROUGH OUT IN CHANDIGARH HOUSING BECAUSE OF ITS
USEFULNESS AS A SLEEPING AREA
• 70% OF THE BUILDING WOULD BE PRIVATE IN ALL THE SECTORS.
• RESIDENTIAL PLOTS RANGING IN DIMENSIONS FROM 75 SQ. YARDS TO 5000 SQ YARDS.
20. 20
• THIS IS BECAUSE THE CAPITOL COMPLEX IS CONTAINED WITHIN THE BOUNDARIES OF SECTOR 3
EXTENTED TO ITS FULL DIMENSIONS.
• GOVERNMENT HOUSING
• LE-CORBUISER WAS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE GENERAL OUTLINES OF THE MASTER PLAN AND THE
CREATION OF THE MONUMENTAL BUILDLINGS,WHILE PIERRE JEANNERET,MAXWELL FRY AND JANE
DREW WERE CHARGED WITH THE TASK OF DEVELOPING THE NEIGHBOURHOOD SECTORS WITH
THEIR SCHOOLS,SHOPPING BAZAARS,AND THE TRACTS OF GOVERNMENT HOUSING.
• IN THE PROGRAM PRESENTED TO THE ARCHITECTS,13 CATEGORIES OF HOUSES WERE
SPECIFIED,EACH CORRESPONDING TO A LEVEL OF GOVERNMENT EMPLOYMENT.
• SMALL WINDOWS OPENINGS HAVE BEEN CONSISTENTLY EMPLOYED
• CHANDIGARH UT IS SPREAD OVER AN AREA OF 114SQ KMS INCLUDING MANIMAJRA AND BURAIL
• THE BIRTH OF CHANDIGARH HAS NOT INFLUENCED ONLY THE NORTH WEST REGION BUT THE
WHOLE COUNTRY IN THE MATTERS OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBAN PLANNING
• PROJECTS HE HANDLED WERE CAPITOL COMPLEX, HOUSING, MUSEUM, CITY PLAZA ETC
21. 21
HOUSING
Lower category
residential buildings are
governed by a
mechanism known as
“frame control” to
control their facades.
This fixes the building
line and height and the
use of building materials.
PLAN OF THE CITY
22. OPEN SPACES
Some 800 hectares of green open space are spread over
the approximately 114 square kilometers of the Capital
Project area.
Majoropen areas include the Leisure Valley,
Sukhna Lake, Rock Garden and many other special
gardens.
The sectors are vertically integrated by green space
oriented in the direction of the mountains.
23. LANDSCAPING
Three spaces were identified for special plantation: the
roadsides, spaces around important buildings, parks
and special features such as Sukhna Lake.
Le Corbusier’s Le Corbusier’s contribution to landscaping
was of categorising tree forms.
1. functional needs
2. aesthetic suitability for the various
3. areas, devoting special attention to specific roads.
24. prominent flowering trees are gulmohar (Delonix regia), amaltas
(Cassia fistula), kachnar (Bauhinea variegata), pink cassia
(Cassia Javanica) and silver oak (Grevillea robusta).
Among the conspicuous non-flowering trees one finds kusum
(Schleicheta trijuga) and pilkhan (Ficus infectoria) along V3
roadsides.
These trees, noted for their vast, thick spreading canopies form
great vaulting shelters over many of the city’s roads.
In all, more than 100 different tree species have been planted in
(Fieus religosa) Chandigarh .