TOWN PLANNING OF "CITY BEAUTIFUL",CHANDIGARH.

1. CHANDIGARH
TOWN PLANNING
VI SEM

2. INTRODUCTION
Chandigarh is one of the most significant urban planning
experiments of the 20th century.
It is the only one of the numerous urban planning schemes of Le
Corbusier to have actually been executed.
It is also the site of some of his greatest architectural creations.
It is as famous for its landscaping as for its architectural
ambience.
Most of the buildings are in pure, cubical form, geometrically
subdivided with emphasis on proportion, scale and detail.
It has become a symbol of planned urbanism.

3. HISTORY
 Since PunjabWas Divided IntoTwo Parts,The CapitalWas Left In
PakistanTherefore Punjab In India Required New Capital.
 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU:
“Let this be a new town, symbolic of freedom of India unfettered by
the traditions of the past.An expression of the nations faith in the
future”
 Le Corbusier WasApproached By Punjab Government AndThe
Prime MinisterOf India In 1951.
 Maxwell Fry, Jane Drew And Pierre JeanneretWere Also Involved In
TheTeam Of Architects.

4. •Mountainousregion
•Centrallocation
•Naturaldrainage
•Sufficientwatersupply
•FoothillsofShivalik
•Moderateclimate
•submountainousareaoftheAmbaladistrict
•150milesnorthofNewDelhi
•FlatterArea
•gentleslopingplainofagriculturelanddotted
withgroovesofmangotrees
•consistingof59villages
CHANDIGARH
About Site Source:
Area 114 sq kms
 Longitude 76 47' 14E
 Latitude 30 44' 14N
 Total Population (2011 census)10.55 Lacs(97.25% people live
in urban regions)
 Density of population/sq. km. 7,900

5. INITIAL PRAPOSALSOFCITY PLANNING

6. Mayer’s Plan
Albert Mayer and Mathew Nowicky
Neighbourhood Unit Concept
• Located between two boundary rivers
• fan shaped plan
• Govt. Centre – Northeast Side of the City
• Super Block - Accommodating some 1500
families.
• 3 Superblocks to make a district
• Industrial area planned in southern corner
• Administration area in north-east
• 2 Large parkland zones across city
• Future expansion in the southwest across the plan
Criticism – Lacks Monumental Symbolism
Administration
Complex
Administration
Complex
Patiala Rao
Sukhna River
1500 feet
3000
Feet

7. IDEA OF
LECORBUSIER
The city of Chandigarh is
planned to human scale.
Head–capitol (place of power)
Heart –the city centre
Stomach–the commercial area
Arms–university and Industrial
zone
Lungs–leisure valley ,open
spaces
Arteries–network of roads

8. THREE
DISCIPLINES
 The Discipline Of Money
Le corbuiser once remarked that ”india has the treasures of a
proud culture,but her coffers are empty.”And throughout the
project the desire for grandness was hampered by the need for
strict economy. In working up his designs,le corbuiser consulted
the program for each building as given in the budget and then
prepared the initial project.
 The Discipline OfTechnology
Available in quantity, however, was good clay stone and
sand,and,above all’ human labour.The materials of which
chandigarh has been constructed are rough concrete in the
capitol complex and the central business district and for most of
the city, especially in housing,locally produced brick.
The Discipline Of Climate
 Besides the administrative and financial regulatons there was
a law of the sun in india.The architectural problem
consists;first to make shade,second to make a current of air[to
ventilate], third to control hydraulics.

9. LeCorbusier’s Intervention
Formulation of new plan
• Kept orientation of grids as it was
• One dominant off centred doglegged axis
•The grid of superblock increased in size to
1200 x 800mts (3900 x 2700 feet)
• Accommodating up to 25000 inhabitants
•Within superblock centralized market was
replaced by continuous bazar street across
the block.
• Capital Complex and high court combined
in one govt. complex
• CBD Area Remained the same
• Shifted Capital complex to higher ground
•Two linear parks were replaced by total of 6
later by 8.
• Each Sector with its own green space around
which houses are designed
•V7 Road Concept
Capitol Complex
Patiala
Rao
River
Industrial
Areas
Sukhn
a
River
800m
1200mLeisure
Valley

10. HIERARCHY of GREEN AREAS
A Hierarchy of Green Spaces can be observed in both the
layout ranging from Public Greens at City Level to Semi-
Private to Private Green Areas.
City Level Public Green Space with ArtificialWater Body
Free- FlowingGreen Space, connecting the entire site
Semi-Private Green Areas for neighborhood pockets
Private Green Areas for Residential Units

11. BUILDINGTYPOLOGIES
The Basic BuildingTypology is
observed as extremely
Rectilinear with similar
proportions
In both the developments the
smaller individual Residential Units
are arranged around central
common Green Spaces, although
the shapes are different.

12. SECTORS
•Total 30sectors- 24residential
•70% building private
•Autonomousunitincluding housing,
school,shops, recreationalspaces.
•3000-25000 accommodatingcapacity
•Surroundedbyhigh speedroads
•Busstops every400mts
•No pedestrian needs towalkmore
than 10minutes

13. Thekeyofmodernurbanismis
'theSector',
whichwasdefinedasa
containerof family
life(24solarhours:nightand
day).Each
sectorwas800metersby1,200
meters,
enclosedbyroadsallocatedto
fast-
mechanizedtransportand
sealedtodirect
accessfromthehouses.The
population
wouldbeapproximately from
5,000to20,000
inhabitants.Chandigarhhad30
sectors.
SECTORS

14. V7 ROAD
CONCEPT
V-1 FAST ROADS
CONNECTING
CHANDIGARH TO
OTHERTOWNS;
V-2 ARTERIAL
ROADS;
V-3 FAST
VEHICULAR
ROADS;
V-4 FREE FLOWING
SHOPPING
STREETS;
V-5 SECTOR
CIRCULATION
ROADS;
V-6 ACCESS ROADS
TO HOUSES;
V-7 FOOTPATHS
AND CYCLE
TRACKS

15. ROAD
NETWORK

16. HOUSING
These residences fell into thirteen categories based on the rank and
incomes of the government officials who would inhabit them.
Each category was assigned both a number denoting its rank in this
financial scheme and a letter indicating its designer; however, all
were unified in their modern, geometric simplicity.

17. Le Corbusier believed in creating harmony by using the Design principle
of Symmetry.
He designed clusters of bungalows together sharing a common
playground for kids and they also had a garden of their own, apartments
for middle class families where a couple of apartments could share a
common garden or playground.

18. The residential buildings were governed by a
mechanism known as 'frame control' created
by the municipal administration to control
their facades.
This fixed the building line and height and
the use of building materials.
Certain standard sizes of doors and windows
are specified and all the gates and boundary
walls must conform to standard design.
The idea was to ensure that the view from
the street, which belonged to the
community, was of same visual order and
discipline to maintain uniformity.

19. COMMERCIAL
BUILDINGS
• All buildings located in the City
Centre and commercial or
institutional buildings located
along V-2 roads were subjected to
controls.
• The system of the City Centre was
based on a grid of columns. fixed
5.26 meters shuttering pattern on
concrete and a system of glazing
or screen walls behind the line of
columns.
• The interior planning was left to
the owners. and in the exterior,
certain variations are permitted to
give variety to the architectural
composition.

20. DEVELOPMENT IN
CHANDIGARH
The city of Chandigarh was
developed in 3 phases
* Sectors 1 to 30 have been
developed in Phase-I
, it was completely developed in
1975.
* Sector 31to 47 have been
developed in PhaseII
for accommodating population
of 5 lakhs in
combined.
* Sectors from 48 to 56 in Phase
III has been
taken up

21. GROWTH OF CHANDIGARH
*The Chandigarh has become
Hi-tech city by setting up of
I.T. park.
*The Chandigarh being the
regional centre is hub of
political and bureaucratic
activities of the 3 neighbouring
states of Punjab, Haryana and
Himachal Pradesh.
*The high profile education
and health facilities are
available in the Chandigarh,
like Punjab Engineering
College and PGI,York, Fortis.
*The Chandigarh has its
tourist potential.
CHANDIGARH MASTER PLAN 2031

22. Thank You
SARTHAK NAIKYA
MOHIT SAHU
TRISHA PATIDAR
ANUSHKA GUPTA