computer hardware,
Internal Hardware
Processor (CPU)
Motherboard
RAM
Hard Disk Drive
Sound Card
Video Card
Network Card
Power Supply
External Hardware
Monitor or LCD
Keyboard
Mouse
Printer
Scanner
USB Drive
Internal Hardware
Processor (CPU)
Motherboard
RAM
Hard Disk Drive
Sound Card
Video Card
Network Card
Power Supply
External Hardware
Monitor or LCD
Keyboard
Mouse
Printer
Scanner
USB Drive
Itc lec 3 Ip cycle , system unit, interfaceAnzaDar3
Information processing life cycle
input
Output
Processing
Storage
Components of System Unit
Interface (user communication with computer)
Presentation
BEST OF LUCK
Itc lec 3 Ip cycle , system unit, interfaceAnzaDar3
Information processing life cycle
input
Output
Processing
Storage
Components of System Unit
Interface (user communication with computer)
Presentation
BEST OF LUCK
based on stored program design
processor system
CPU
memory
input/output system
input/output devices
secondary storage
manages the instruction-execution cycle
FETCH – DECODE – EXECUTE
coordinates the activities of other devices
based on stored program design
processor system
CPU
memory
input/output system
input/output devices
secondary storage
manages the instruction-execution cycle
FETCH – DECODE – EXECUTE
coordinates the activities of other devices
computer programming,Low Level Language ,Machine Language
Assembly Language
High Level Language /Procedural Languages,C++ && C#,Web Page Development,XHTML (extensible HTML),JavaScript && PHP && VBScript,Dynamic HTML Dynamic HTML (DHTML)Dynamic HTML Dynamic HTML (DHTML),Algorithm,sourc code , object code
Memory Management
Swapping
Fragmentation
Types of Fragmentation
Paging
Demand Paging
Segmentation
Virtual Memory
Von Neumann Architecture
overlay
Process and Thread
Process Synchronization
Deadlock
CPU Scheduling
process scheduling
Memory Management
Swapping
Fragmentation
Types of Fragmentation
Paging
Demand Paging
Segmentation
Virtual Memory
Von Neumann Architecture
overlay
Process and Thread
Process Synchronization
Deadlock
CPU Scheduling
process scheduling
Explain the operation of the command line interface
Execute fundamental commands from the command line interface
Manipulate files and folders from the command line
How does the Command Line Work?
Ch # 10 computer security risks and safe guardsMuhammadRobeel3
IT security, hackers,IT security and risks and safe guards, password, how to create password, bio-metric authentication , virus , antivirus software ,how to safe a devices from virus.types of viruses
computer input and output devices. . keyboard , mouse , printer ,scanner, web cam , types of mouse , types of printer and scanner, difference between printer and scanner, microphone,digital camera , speaker ,projector ,moniter,projector types
internet , how to connect with internet, world wide web ,different types of websites, what is E-Commerce , how many browser , internet advantage and dis advantage , social networking
basic computer,
What is Computer
Data &Information
Advantages of computer
Disadvantages of computer
Generation Of Computer
Network
Internet
Software
Categories of computer
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
2. External and Internal Hardware
Internal Hardware
1. Processor (CPU)
2. Motherboard
3. RAM
4. Hard Disk Drive
5. Sound Card
6. Video Card
7. Network Card
8. Power Supply
External Hardware
1. Monitor or LCD
2. Keyboard
3. Mouse
4. Printer
5. Scanner
6. USB Drive
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3. Internal Hardware
Processor
The processor is responsible for handling all
instructions it received from hardware and
software running on the computer
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5. Motherboard
Motherboard is also called system board or main
board.it is most important circuit board in
computer.
it is the communication medium between for the
entire computer system. All Components and
Devices of the computer are connected to the
motherboard.
The motherboard contains processor ,memory
,expansion slots and etc.
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7. RAM:
RAM Stand for Random Access
Memory or direct Access memory
.it is the internal memory of the
CPU for storing data, program,
and program result. It is a
read/write memory which stores
data until the machine is working.
As soon as the machine is
switched off, data is erased. Ram
plays very important role in the
processing speed of a computer.
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8. Hard Disk Drive
The hard disk drive is the
main, and usually largest,
data storage hardware device
in a computer. The operating
system , and most other files
are stored in the hard disk
drive
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9. Sound Card:
• A sound card provides
connections for the
microphone and speaker to
produce sound.
• it input sound through the
microphone and converts it
into a form that can be
processed by the computer.
• It output the sound through
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10. Video Card
A video card that
translates binary data in to
images to be viewed on the
monitor.
it is also called display
adaptor, graphic card,
video adaptor.
Video card also includes
their own RAM called
video Memory.
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11. Network Card
Network card is a circuit board
that is used to communicate
over a network and access
the internet.it can be
connected with Ethernet
cable or through a wireless
connection.
Many motherboard have built
in network card
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12. Power Supply
The power supply is the component of the system
unit that converts the wall outlet AC power into DC
power. Built into the power supply is a fan that keeps
the power supply cool. Some have variable speed
fans that change speed or stop running, depending
on temperature in the system unit.
14. CPU stand for central processing unit. It is the
brain of the computer.it is most important
component of a computer . A computer cannot
work without CPU . All computer must have
central processing unit . CPU is located on the
motherboard. CPU carries out most of the work
of a computer. CPU performs all operation on
data according to the given instruction .it
execute instruction and tell other parts of
computer what to do.
CPU consist of two main units
CPU
19. Control Unit
The control unit is the component of the
processor that directs and coordinates most of
the operations in the computer. The control
unit has a role much like a traffic cop: it
interprets each instruction issued by a program
and then initiates the appropriate action to
carry out the instruction.
21. Register
A register is a small high-speed memory inside
CPU. The CPU contains a number of register .
register are used to store information being
processed. These are temporary storages area for
instructions or data. The temporary results during
processing are also store in registers. Each register
has a predefined function.
Register size determines how much information it
can store. The size of registers is in bytes. Each
byte can store one character of data. A register can
be of 1,2,4, or 8 bytes. Bigger size of register
23. Machine Cycle
For every instruction, a processor repeats a set of
four basic operations, which comprise a machine
cycle
1. Fetching
2. Decoding
3. Executing,
4. Storing
24. Machine Cycle
1. Fetching is the process of obtaining a program
instruction or data item from memory.
2. The term Decoding refers to the process of
translating the instruction into signals the computer
can execute.
3. Executing is the process of carrying out the
commands.
4. Storing, in this context, means writing the result to
memory.
27. Ports and Connectors
A port is the point at which a peripheral attaches to
or communicates with a system unit so that the
peripheral can send data to or receive information
from the computer. An external device, such as a
keyboard, monitor, printer, mouse, and microphone,
often attaches by a cable to a port on the system
unit.
31. BAY
After you purchase a desktop or notebook
computer, you may want to install an additional
storage device such as a disk drive in the
system unit. A bay is an opening inside the
system unit in which you can install additional
equipment. A bay is different from a slot on the
motherboard, which is used for the installation of
adapter cards.
32. Drive bay
A drive bay is a rectangular opening that
typically holds disk drives. Other bays house
card readers and widely used ports such as
USB, FireWire, and audio ports. An external
bay allows a user to access openings in the
bay from outside the system unit . Optical disc
drives are examples of devices installed in
external bays. An internal bay is concealed
entirely within the system unit. Hard disk
drives are installed in internal bays.
35. Buses
A computer system consists of different devices.
CPU must be able to communicate with all
devices. The devices are connected together by
a communications channel called bus.
A bus consists of a set of communication lines to
move a large amount of bits in the form of
electrical pulses from one unit to another.
36. System Bus
System buses are part of motherboard and
connects the processor to main memory.
Different type of system buses are as follows.
Data Bus
Address Bus
Control Bus
37. Data Bus
Data bus is used to transfer data between
different components of the computer . for
example it transfer instructions from memory
to CPU for execution.it also transfer data
between memory and the input/output
operation
The number of lines in data bus affect the
speed of data transfer between different
components . A data bus with more lines can
carry more data.
A computer with 32-lines data bus can transfer
38.
39. Address Bus
Address bus is used to connect the CPU with main
memory to identify particular addresses in main
memory. The number of lines in the address bus
determines the amount of memory that can be
directly addressed. A computer with 32-bit address
bus can directly address 4 GB of physical memory.
The address bus is a unidirectional bus. It can carry
information only in one direction. It carries address
of memory location from CPU to the main memory.
The newer computers are using a 64-bit address
bus .
40.
41. Control Bus
Control bus is used to transmit different
commands from one component to another
component. For example, if CPU wants to read
data from main memory. It uses control bus to
send the memory read command to the main
memory of the computer.
It specify the types of operation that is to be
perform.
Here are some Command
(1)Memory Write (2) i/o Write
(3)i/o Read (4) Memory Read
43. Data communication
Data communication is a process of
transferring data electronically form one place
to another. Data can be transfer by using
different media.
Components of data communication.
• Sender/Transmitter
• Receiver
• Medium
• Message
• Protocol
45. Data Transmission Modes
Data is transmitted from one place to another is
called data transmission modes. There are three
types of data transmission modes as
Simplex mode
Half duplex mode
Full duplex mode.
46. Simplex mode
In simplex mode data can flow in one direction
. It cannot be in both direction. The direction of
flow never change. A device with simplex
mode device can send or receive data.it can
not perform both action
47. Half-duplex mode
In half-duplex mode, data can flow in both
directions but not in at same time.it is
transmitted one-way at one time. A device with
half-duplex mode can send or receive data but
not at the same time . That is why the speed of
half-duplex mode is slow
48. Full-Duplex Mode
In full-duplex mode, data can travel in both
directions simultaneously. Full duplex mode is
a faster way of data transmission as
compared to half duplex. Time is not wasted in
changing the direction of data flow.
50. Data Transmission
Two type of data transmission
Asynchronous Transmission
Synchronous Transmission
51. Asynchronous Transmission
A type of data transmission in which data is
transmitted character by character is called
asynchronous transmission.
The data is not continuous and there can be
irregular gap between characters. It is less efficient
and slower than synchronous
52. Synchronous Transmission
A type of data transmission in which data is
transmitted block by block is called
synchronous transmission.
Each block may consist of many characters.
A large amount of information can be
transmitted at a single time with this type of
transmission.