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![1. Exocytosis [ exo = outside]
movement of large materials OUT of the cell
~a vesicle may fuse with the membrane and
expel its contents
CYTOPLASM
FLUID OUTSIDE CELL](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/celltransport-180414190908/85/Cell-transport-14-320.jpg)
![2. Endocytosis [ endo = inside]
movement of large materials to INSIDE of
the cell
~membrane may fold inward, trapping
materials from the outside](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/celltransport-180414190908/85/Cell-transport-15-320.jpg)
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Cell transport
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- 3. OVERVIEW OFCELL MEMBRANE TYPES OF CELLULAR TRANSPORTS PASSIVE TRANSPORT SIMPLE DIFFUSION FACILITATED DIFFUSION OSMOSIS ACTIVE TRANSPORT PRIMARY SECONDARY VESICULAR TRANSPORT
- 4. CELL MEMBRANE 1.DOUBLE LAYEROF PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYER. PHOSPHATE HEAD FATTY ACID TAIL PROTEINS 2.IT CONTAINS PROTEINS(60-70%) LIPID(40-50%). 3.CELL MEMBRANE IS- SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE IT HAS MEMBRANE PROTEINS # INTEGRAL PROTEINS # PUMPS #CHANNEL PROTIENS #CARRIER PROTIENS THESE PROTIENS HELP IN TRANSPORT ACROSS CELL MEMBRANE
- 6. When acell uses no energy to move particles across a membrane passive transport occurs Particles go DOWN their concentration gradient. all diffusion & osmosis are passive transport.
- 7. Move fromHIGH to LOW inside cell outside cell fat fat fat fat fat fat fat fat fat fat fat fat fat fat LOW HIGH
- 8. Move fromHIGH to LOW through a channel (has a helper) inside cell outside cell sugar sugar sugar sugar sugar sugar sugar sugar sugar sugar sugar sugar sugar LOW HIGH
- 9. Osmosis ◦ diffusionof water from HIGH concentration of water to LOW concentration of water across a semi-permeable membrane
- 10. Movement of materialsthrough a membrane against a concentration gradient and requires energy from the cell. IT IS OF TWO TYPES A) PRIMARY B)SECONDARY
- 11. Primaryactive transportis thetransport ofsustances uphillusingenergy(ATP hydrolysis) It cause a conformational change that results in the transport ofthemolecule throughthe protein. Eg.Na+-K+pump.
- 12. The mostcommon: Na/K ATPase pumps reestablish membrane potential. Present in all cells. Two K+ ions are exchanged with 3 Na + ions
- 13. The transportof substances against a concentration gradient involving energy to establish a gradient across the cell membrane, utilizes the gradient to transport a molecule of interest up its concentration gradient . Eg cotransport (Na/glucose cotransport) countertransport
- 14. 1. Exocytosis [exo = outside] movement of large materials OUT of the cell ~a vesicle may fuse with the membrane and expel its contents CYTOPLASM FLUID OUTSIDE CELL
- 15. 2. Endocytosis [endo = inside] movement of large materials to INSIDE of the cell ~membrane may fold inward, trapping materials from the outside
- 16. ABNORMALTIES INNA/K PUMP CARDIAC FAILURE-↓SED NO. OF Na/K PUMP IN HEART HYPERTENSION-↑SED NO. OF Na/K PUMP IN RENAL TUBULE ABNORMALTIES IN ION CHANNEL Na CHANNEL - MUSCLE SPASM K CHANNEL – CARDIAC FAILURE CL CHANNEL-RENAL STONE FORMATION,CYSTIC FIBROSIS
- 17. 1. Guyton andHall Textbook of Medical Physiology E-Book (Guyton Physiology) 2. Essentials of Medical Physiology by k.sembulingum 3. Google 4. Slideshare 5. Ganongs Review Of Medical Physiology 25th Edition