Cache memory is a small, fast memory located close to the processor that stores copies of frequently used and recently used data from main memory. When the processor needs to access data, it first checks the cache and if the data is present it can access it quickly from cache. If not present, it loads the data from main memory and stores a copy in cache for faster access next time. There are different types of caches like instruction cache for storing frequently used instructions and data cache for storing frequently used data.

1. Cache memory

3. Cache
Step 1
Processor
requests data
or
instructions
Step 2
Go to address in main
memory and read
Step 3
Transfer to main CPU and cache
Next processor request
• Look first at cache
• Go to memory
P
R
O
C
E
S
S
O
R
R
A
M
Cache

4. Micro
processor
L1 Cache L2 cache Main memory
Cache controller

5. Cpu cache
• Cpu cache is a small and faster static ram placed inside the
processor to improve the system performance
• Cache can store copies of frequently used data
• Cpu can easily access the data from cache memory compared
to RAM
• When the processor need data from or write a location to RAM,
it first check the whether a copy is in the cache.
• If data’s are present in the cache, then processor take data
from cache
• If data is not presented in the cache ,processor accessed data
from RAM and copy of which is kept in cache..

6. Different types of cache
• Instruction cache hold frequently used
instruction
• Data cache: hold frequently used data