The workshop at the SAOIM 2014 conference, facilitated by Brian Kelly, focused on future-watching to identify key technologies impacting business processes and resource allocation. The JISC Observatory initiative aimed to anticipate trends and provide insights, but ceased operation in July 2013 due to funding cuts. Significant trends highlighted include the rise of mobile technology and social media, emphasizing the need for effective evidence-gathering and open discussions about the implications of findings.

1. C: Approaches
Let’s Predict the Future!
A half-day workshop
at the SAOIM 2014
conference held on
Tuesday 3 June
2014 facilitated by
Brian Kelly, Cetis
Slides available
under a Creative
Commons licence
(CC-BY)
1
C1: Let’s Predict the Future!
Some Approaches

2. Why Future-Watch?
Need for future-watching to help identify tomorrow’s
key technologies:
• Change existing business processes
• Decide to invest resources in finding out more
(e.g. commissioning reports)
• Invest in training and development in new
areas
• Explore ways of deprecating existing services
(cf WH Smith’s decision to stop selling CD
singles in 2004)
• …
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3. Accompanying Paper
Papers on “What Next for
Libraries? Making Sense
of the Future” and
“Reflecting on Yesterday,
Understanding Today,
Planning for Tomorrow”
presented at EMTACL 2012
and Umbrella 2013
conferences
See:
• bit.ly/emtacl12-kelly
• bit.ly/umbrella-13-kelly
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4. Inventions, Innovations,
Improvements
From Wikipedia:
• Invention: the creation of the idea or
method itself.
• Innovation: the use of a better and, as
a result, novel idea or method.
• Improvement: doing current activities
better.
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Today’s focus: innovations and improvements
within the organisation / sector.

5. JISC Observatory
JISC Observatory:
• JISC-funded initiative
• Systematises processes for anticipating and
responding to projected future trends & scenarios
• Provided by JISC Innovation Support Centres at
Cetis and UKOLN
• Ran from 2011-2013
• See <http://blog.observatory.jisc.ac.uk/>
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Cessation of core funding for UKOLN and CETIS led to closure of JISC
Observatory on 31 July 2013. Therefore need to ensure sustainability of
ideas and approaches for use by institutions

6. JIS Observatory process
JIS Observatory process
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7. Scanning Activities
Blog posts:
Posts published on JISC Observatory
blog and on existing blogs.
Monitoring trends:
Monitoring trends in order to:
 Benchmark current usage patterns
 Identify trends
 Identify emerging patterns of usage
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8. Sense-making
Need to:
• Understand limitations of evidence-gathering
techniques (including documenting ‘paradata’ so
survey findings are reproducible & can be critiqued)
• Provide suggestions of implications of developments
for the sector
In addition need to encourage feedback on:
• Evidence-gathering techniques
• Interpretation of findings
• Implications of developments
In order to inform:
• Further investigation
• Policy-making, planning and funding
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9. Significant Trends: Mobile
We now know
of the
importance of
Mobile
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Tecmark Digital Marketing Agency

10. Significant Trends: Mobile
Need to
gather
evidence
from
multiple
sources
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11. Significant Trends: Mobile
We now know of the importance of Mobile: but
did we say the same when WAP came along?
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12. Significant Trends: Social Media
There were “more than 150 million Tweets about the
Olympics over the past 16 days”. [Twitter blog]
12

13. Significant Trends: Social Media
Survey in Aug 2012 of institutional use of Facebook across
the 24 Russell Group universities found >1M ‘Likes’ followers
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14. Behind The Data
Trends in Fb ‘Likes’ for Russell
Group universities since Jan
2011 show steady increase
14
But note increase in Jul 2012
due to addition of 4 new
universities!
But might trends hide a more
complex story:
• Usage & growth dominated
by one significant player.
• More modest usage
generally
01/2011 09/2011 05/2012 08/2012

15. Need for Paradata
Surveys carried out to monitor usage & trends for:
• Institutional use of social media
• Use of researcher profiling services (e.g. Google
Scholar, Academia.edu, …) across institutions
Observations (and feedback):
• Differing results found if quotes used
• Possible inclusion of wrong Unis (e.g. Newcastle
University, Australia)
• Personalised results depending on client
environment
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Need to provide paradata and encourage feedback on processes and
interpretation of findings

16. Lies, Damned Lies and Graphs
“#Blekko traffic goes through the roof –
for good reason. Try it out!”
Based on blog post entitled “Blekko’s
Traffic Is Up Almost 400 Percent; Here
Are The CEO’s Five Reasons Why”
(includes dissatisfaction with Google)
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Is Blekko’s Traffic Really Going Through The Roof? Will It Challenge Google?,
UK Web Focus blog, 18 April 2012

17. Open Sense-making
Importance of open approaches to
interpretation of signals:
• Evidence-gathering methodologies may have
flaws
• Incorrect or inappropriate implications may be
made
• This may lead to wrong decisions being
made
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Open sense-making approaches may be difficult – your marketing
department may wish a consistent, positive message to be made.

18. Beware vested
interests who may
be threatened by
implications of
predictions
Developments
may
• Be aligned with
current plans
• Challenge
current plans
18
5 April 2013

19. Sense-Making: Social Media
Social media:
• Is about nodes and connections
• Numbers do matter for effective
engagement and disseminations
• Experiences from other areas:
 Nos. of mobile phones
 Importance of email
 “All bugs are shallow to many eyes”
Implications:
• Importance of best practices for popular & well-
used channels
• Difficulties for new entrants e.g. Diaspora (open
alternative to Facebook) and identi.ca and app.net
(new open alternative to Twitter)
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20. JIS Observatory process
JIS Observatory process
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21. Conclusions
• We tend to believe in prediction which
interest is or justifies our existence
• Economic realities necessitates more
objective approaches to future-watching
• Social media and big data can provide
access to evidence that was previously
difficult to use
• Evidence-gathering processes and
interpretation can also be flawed, so need
for open debate
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22. Questions
Any questions?
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