The document summarizes a team's participation in the Collegiate Wind Competition. The team included mechanical and electrical engineers from various universities. Their goal was to design and build an autonomous wind turbine that could operate reliably in both grid and island modes. The team improved upon last year's design by making the blades, hub assembly, and tail rotor more aerodynamic. They selected an appropriate generator and designed control and protection circuits. Testing showed the turbine met specifications for cut-in speed, power curve performance, rated power control, safety shutdown, and durability. The team concluded their design optimizations led to improved turbine efficiency.
This document summarizes a wind mill power generation system. It describes how wind energy is converted to rotational mechanical energy via aero turbines and then to electrical energy using a generator connected to batteries or a grid system. It discusses small, medium, and large wind power ratings. It outlines advantages like accepting wind from any direction and reduced costs. Limitations include lower efficiency than horizontal rotors and less energy output near the ground. Applications include direct heat and electric generation by feeding a power network or integrating with hydroelectric networks.
Many new challenges in the design of wind turbine generators, the ever-growing sizes and the increasingly demanding grid compliance requirements, etc. Where are we now and what could be the future?
This document provides an overview of a presentation on wind energy technology. It discusses:
1. The status and development of wind energy in India, including installed capacity and leading states.
2. The key components and aerodynamics of wind turbines, including blades, generators, foundations and towers.
3. The different types of wind electric generators and their operating principles.
4. The control and safety systems used in wind turbines and their important functions.
5. The integration of wind power into electrical grids and technical regulations for connecting wind farms to the grid.
This document provides information about the components and working of wind energy conversion systems (WECS). It discusses the key components of WECS including the rotor, windmill head, transmission system, control system and supporting structure. It explains how the kinetic energy of wind is captured and converted into mechanical and electrical energy. The document also covers wind energy basics such as power in wind, forces on turbine blades, site selection criteria, classification of WECS, and advantages and disadvantages of wind energy.
The document discusses different types of wind turbine generators used in wind energy technology. It covers the fundamentals of wind power generation and describes various generator and motor types used - including induction motors, permanent magnet synchronous generators, squirrel cage induction generators, wound rotor induction generators, and doubly fed induction generators. The document also discusses high temperature superconducting wind turbine generators and provides comparisons of advantages and disadvantages of different generator types.
This presentation provides an overview of wind power generation. It discusses that wind energy comes from the sun and is influenced by surface roughness up to 100 meters. There are two main types of wind turbines - horizontal axis and vertical axis. The design of the wind turbine, including the number of blades and size of the generator, impacts efficiency. India has over 20,000 MW of installed wind power capacity as of 2013 and is the fifth largest producer, with Tamil Nadu having the most installations. The future of wind energy depends on government policies and subsidies to encourage its growth.
Windmill power generation using mult generator and single rotor (horizontal a...Alexander Decker
This article proposes using multiple generators driven by a single wind turbine rotor to increase power output. Two electromagnetic induction generators connected by a shaft through bevel gears share the rotation of the single rotor. The poles of the two generators are arranged alternately to produce parallel currents. This design is intended to address challenges with size, cost and reliability while doubling the power output compared to a single generator system. The working mechanism and components of the multi-generator wind turbine are described, including the rotor, shaft, gears, generators and tower. Materials and methods for horizontal and vertical axis designs are discussed.
This document describes the design and components of a wind turbine generator. It contains sections on the basic components of a wind turbine - the DC motor, blades, and tower. It explains that a DC motor is used to convert the kinetic energy of the wind into mechanical energy. Common wind turbine designs use either two or three blades attached to a hub. The tower raises the rotor and blades to heights with higher wind speeds. Diagrams and specifications are provided for a sample 3-foot wind turbine design, including dimensions, a gearbox ratio, and intended applications for power generation.
This document summarizes a wind mill power generation system. It describes how wind energy is converted to rotational mechanical energy via aero turbines and then to electrical energy using a generator connected to batteries or a grid system. It discusses small, medium, and large wind power ratings. It outlines advantages like accepting wind from any direction and reduced costs. Limitations include lower efficiency than horizontal rotors and less energy output near the ground. Applications include direct heat and electric generation by feeding a power network or integrating with hydroelectric networks.
Many new challenges in the design of wind turbine generators, the ever-growing sizes and the increasingly demanding grid compliance requirements, etc. Where are we now and what could be the future?
This document provides an overview of a presentation on wind energy technology. It discusses:
1. The status and development of wind energy in India, including installed capacity and leading states.
2. The key components and aerodynamics of wind turbines, including blades, generators, foundations and towers.
3. The different types of wind electric generators and their operating principles.
4. The control and safety systems used in wind turbines and their important functions.
5. The integration of wind power into electrical grids and technical regulations for connecting wind farms to the grid.
This document provides information about the components and working of wind energy conversion systems (WECS). It discusses the key components of WECS including the rotor, windmill head, transmission system, control system and supporting structure. It explains how the kinetic energy of wind is captured and converted into mechanical and electrical energy. The document also covers wind energy basics such as power in wind, forces on turbine blades, site selection criteria, classification of WECS, and advantages and disadvantages of wind energy.
The document discusses different types of wind turbine generators used in wind energy technology. It covers the fundamentals of wind power generation and describes various generator and motor types used - including induction motors, permanent magnet synchronous generators, squirrel cage induction generators, wound rotor induction generators, and doubly fed induction generators. The document also discusses high temperature superconducting wind turbine generators and provides comparisons of advantages and disadvantages of different generator types.
This presentation provides an overview of wind power generation. It discusses that wind energy comes from the sun and is influenced by surface roughness up to 100 meters. There are two main types of wind turbines - horizontal axis and vertical axis. The design of the wind turbine, including the number of blades and size of the generator, impacts efficiency. India has over 20,000 MW of installed wind power capacity as of 2013 and is the fifth largest producer, with Tamil Nadu having the most installations. The future of wind energy depends on government policies and subsidies to encourage its growth.
Windmill power generation using mult generator and single rotor (horizontal a...Alexander Decker
This article proposes using multiple generators driven by a single wind turbine rotor to increase power output. Two electromagnetic induction generators connected by a shaft through bevel gears share the rotation of the single rotor. The poles of the two generators are arranged alternately to produce parallel currents. This design is intended to address challenges with size, cost and reliability while doubling the power output compared to a single generator system. The working mechanism and components of the multi-generator wind turbine are described, including the rotor, shaft, gears, generators and tower. Materials and methods for horizontal and vertical axis designs are discussed.
This document describes the design and components of a wind turbine generator. It contains sections on the basic components of a wind turbine - the DC motor, blades, and tower. It explains that a DC motor is used to convert the kinetic energy of the wind into mechanical energy. Common wind turbine designs use either two or three blades attached to a hub. The tower raises the rotor and blades to heights with higher wind speeds. Diagrams and specifications are provided for a sample 3-foot wind turbine design, including dimensions, a gearbox ratio, and intended applications for power generation.
WIND POWER GENERATION SCHEMES are Constant speed - Constant frequency systems (CSCF)
Variable speed - Constant frequency systems (VSCF)
Variable speed - Variable frequency systems (VSVF)
The document summarizes the key components and operation of wind turbines. It describes the main components including the rotor blades, hub, nacelle, drive train, tower, and electrical systems. It then explains how wind turbines work to convert kinetic wind energy into rotational energy and ultimately electricity. The document also discusses auxiliary systems like SCADA, fire protection, and lightning protection. It outlines advantages like being renewable and non-polluting but also challenges around intermittent supply, noise, and impacts on birds.
Windmill construction and its working principlesBalajiK109
Wind turbines convert wind energy into electrical energy using blades that spin a shaft connected to a generator. The generator produces electricity that is transferred through power lines. Control systems keep the turbine aligned with the wind and regulate the rotor speed to protect the turbine and generate stable electricity. Additional components like transformers and circuit breakers safely deliver the electricity to the power grid.
This document discusses different types of grid-tied wind and photovoltaic (PV) energy systems. It describes fixed-speed and variable-speed wind energy conversion systems (WECS). Fixed-speed WECS directly connect the induction generator to the grid, while variable-speed systems use power electronic converters like doubly-fed induction generators (DFIG) or synchronous generators with frequency control. The document also outlines different generator and power conversion configurations used in variable-speed WECS, including wound-rotor induction generators with external resistances.
Control Scheme for a Stand-Alone Wind Energy Conversion SystemRoja Rani
Energy is the considered to be the pivotal input for development.
At present owing to the depletion of available conventional resources and concern regarding environmental degradation, the renewable sources are being utilized to meet the ever increasing energy demand.
Due to a relatively low cost of electricity production wind energy is considered to be one of the potential sources of clean energy for the future.
Modeling and Analysis of Wind Energy Conversion Systems Using MatlabIOSR Journals
This document presents a model and analysis of a wind energy conversion system (WECS) using MATLAB. It summarizes the components that make up a WECS, including the wind turbine, generator, controller, rectifier-inverter, battery, load equipment, and transformer/grid. It then models each component in MATLAB, including the wind turbine blades, drive train dynamics, asynchronous generator, and reduction of the generator order for stability studies. The modeling is used to simulate a test case of a WECS both as a standalone system and grid-connected to analyze its performance and stability when interfaced with the grid.
This document outlines the objectives and units of a course on wind energy conversion systems. The objectives are to learn the design and control principles of wind turbines, understand fixed and variable speed conversion systems, and analyze grid integration issues. The 5 units cover the components and power obtained from wind turbines, types of wind turbines and power regulation methods, fixed speed generating systems, variable speed systems and their modeling, and grid connected systems requirements.
This document summarizes the key components of a wind turbine: (1) The foundation transfers loads from the tower to the soil. (2) The tower heights vary from 40-130 meters to access higher wind speeds. (3) Inside the nacelle are the generator, gearbox, and other components that convert the rotational energy of the blades into electrical energy. (4) The three blades are pitched and rotate to capture wind energy and drive the generator.
The document discusses wind energy engineering and wind resource assessment in India. It provides details on topics like the history of wind power, types of wind turbines, wind data collection using anemometers, India's wind power potential sites and installed capacity. It also summarizes the process of wind resource assessment implemented in India through agencies like the Centre for Wind Energy Technology to study wind patterns and identify viable locations for wind farms.
This document provides an overview of wind power plants. It discusses the typical parts of a wind turbine, including the rotor, transmission system, generator, and yaw and control systems. The document also outlines the advantages of wind power in being a renewable and pollution-free source of energy. However, it notes disadvantages such as the irregular and variable nature of wind and higher capital costs. Additionally, the document reviews the present scenario of wind power in India, which has the fifth largest installed capacity in the world, and is led by states like Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, and Maharashtra.
This document is a report submitted by five students on the design and fabrication of a wind turbine. It provides background on the evolution of wind turbines from water pumping mills to modern electricity generating turbines. It describes the main components of wind turbines, including the differences between vertical axis and horizontal axis designs. The report reviews several academic papers on topics like blade performance optimization, power generation potentials, and load prediction modeling. It also covers design considerations for wind turbines such as the number of blades, materials, and blade shape and angle of attack.
Wind power generation presentation by vikas guptaVikas Gupta
The document discusses induction generators for wind power generation. It describes how wind turbines convert kinetic wind energy to mechanical torque and then electrical power. Variable speed induction generators are preferred over fixed speed as they allow for maximum energy capture from fluctuating wind speeds. The document outlines different types of variable speed induction generator systems used in wind turbines, including squirrel cage, wound rotor, and doubly-fed induction generators. It also discusses the key components and control methods used in variable speed wind energy conversion systems.
The document discusses various renewable energy technologies that can be integrated using permaculture design principles. It provides an overview of solar water heating, photovoltaics, wind power, microhydro systems, and biomass energy. It describes the basic workings of these technologies and gives examples of applications and considerations around costs, siting, and performance.
The document discusses various conventional and non-conventional energy sources. It describes coal, oil, natural gas, oil shale, tar sands and nuclear power as conventional sources. It then discusses wind turbines and wind farms as non-conventional sources, explaining their components and how they work to convert wind energy to electrical power.
This document summarizes types of wind turbines and generators used in wind energy conversion systems. It discusses horizontal and vertical axis wind turbines and describes common generator types like squirrel cage induction generators for fixed speed systems and doubly fed induction generators for adjustable speed systems. Adjustable speed generators are preferred as they allow turbine speed to adjust to wind speed, improving efficiency and reducing mechanical stresses and noise. While power electronics make adjustable speed systems more expensive, they provide benefits like improved power quality and reduced acoustic noise.
Presentation About Designing A Simple Windmill For Generation Of Electricity At A Very Small-scale ... (Download It To Get More Out Of It: Animations Don't Work In Preview) ... !
Wind TURBINE WORKING PRINCIPLE & Renewable Power Energy.pptxMONOWARHOSSAIN47
it is a presentation for renewable energy courses. it based on wind turbine and wind power system of renewable energy sources. it is fully readymade and free. there have fully detailed on wind turbine, where have about wind turbine mechanism to cost efficiency, control system, matlab calculation and so on. it will be really helpful for a student.
This document outlines an automatic procedure for designing and analyzing electric traction motors through multi-disciplinary analysis. It describes performing initial sizing and sensitivity analysis to explore different motor configurations. Key analyses include computing various loss mechanisms like AC proximity losses, investigating short circuits and demagnetization, verifying mechanical strength, and performing advanced thermal and vibration analyses. The goal is to optimize the motor design through this process to reduce losses, vibrations, and noise while ensuring adequate life, reliability, and performance.
Electrical machines for renewable energy converters keynoteozikeysan
The document summarizes electrical machines and power conversion technologies for renewable energy applications such as wind, wave, and tidal energy. It discusses challenges including low generator speeds, variable prime movers, and the need for direct drive or single stage gearboxes. Solutions presented include transverse flux and air-cored machines, novel support structures, switched reluctance machines, and high temperature superconducting generators. A comparative design process for evaluating different permanent magnet machine topologies is also outlined.
This document provides an outline for a research proposal on analyzing the performance of a switched reluctance machine operating in generating mode. The proposal aims to 1) conduct finite element analysis and MATLAB simulations of a switched reluctance generator, 2) mitigate acoustic noise and torque ripple using intelligent controllers, and 3) optimize firing angles using a firefly algorithm. The expected results are reduction of torque ripple and noise, and verification of simulations through laboratory experiments coupling the generator to a wind turbine. A timeline outlines milestones over 24 months including literature review, modeling, experimentation, results analysis, and publications.
WIND POWER GENERATION SCHEMES are Constant speed - Constant frequency systems (CSCF)
Variable speed - Constant frequency systems (VSCF)
Variable speed - Variable frequency systems (VSVF)
The document summarizes the key components and operation of wind turbines. It describes the main components including the rotor blades, hub, nacelle, drive train, tower, and electrical systems. It then explains how wind turbines work to convert kinetic wind energy into rotational energy and ultimately electricity. The document also discusses auxiliary systems like SCADA, fire protection, and lightning protection. It outlines advantages like being renewable and non-polluting but also challenges around intermittent supply, noise, and impacts on birds.
Windmill construction and its working principlesBalajiK109
Wind turbines convert wind energy into electrical energy using blades that spin a shaft connected to a generator. The generator produces electricity that is transferred through power lines. Control systems keep the turbine aligned with the wind and regulate the rotor speed to protect the turbine and generate stable electricity. Additional components like transformers and circuit breakers safely deliver the electricity to the power grid.
This document discusses different types of grid-tied wind and photovoltaic (PV) energy systems. It describes fixed-speed and variable-speed wind energy conversion systems (WECS). Fixed-speed WECS directly connect the induction generator to the grid, while variable-speed systems use power electronic converters like doubly-fed induction generators (DFIG) or synchronous generators with frequency control. The document also outlines different generator and power conversion configurations used in variable-speed WECS, including wound-rotor induction generators with external resistances.
Control Scheme for a Stand-Alone Wind Energy Conversion SystemRoja Rani
Energy is the considered to be the pivotal input for development.
At present owing to the depletion of available conventional resources and concern regarding environmental degradation, the renewable sources are being utilized to meet the ever increasing energy demand.
Due to a relatively low cost of electricity production wind energy is considered to be one of the potential sources of clean energy for the future.
Modeling and Analysis of Wind Energy Conversion Systems Using MatlabIOSR Journals
This document presents a model and analysis of a wind energy conversion system (WECS) using MATLAB. It summarizes the components that make up a WECS, including the wind turbine, generator, controller, rectifier-inverter, battery, load equipment, and transformer/grid. It then models each component in MATLAB, including the wind turbine blades, drive train dynamics, asynchronous generator, and reduction of the generator order for stability studies. The modeling is used to simulate a test case of a WECS both as a standalone system and grid-connected to analyze its performance and stability when interfaced with the grid.
This document outlines the objectives and units of a course on wind energy conversion systems. The objectives are to learn the design and control principles of wind turbines, understand fixed and variable speed conversion systems, and analyze grid integration issues. The 5 units cover the components and power obtained from wind turbines, types of wind turbines and power regulation methods, fixed speed generating systems, variable speed systems and their modeling, and grid connected systems requirements.
This document summarizes the key components of a wind turbine: (1) The foundation transfers loads from the tower to the soil. (2) The tower heights vary from 40-130 meters to access higher wind speeds. (3) Inside the nacelle are the generator, gearbox, and other components that convert the rotational energy of the blades into electrical energy. (4) The three blades are pitched and rotate to capture wind energy and drive the generator.
The document discusses wind energy engineering and wind resource assessment in India. It provides details on topics like the history of wind power, types of wind turbines, wind data collection using anemometers, India's wind power potential sites and installed capacity. It also summarizes the process of wind resource assessment implemented in India through agencies like the Centre for Wind Energy Technology to study wind patterns and identify viable locations for wind farms.
This document provides an overview of wind power plants. It discusses the typical parts of a wind turbine, including the rotor, transmission system, generator, and yaw and control systems. The document also outlines the advantages of wind power in being a renewable and pollution-free source of energy. However, it notes disadvantages such as the irregular and variable nature of wind and higher capital costs. Additionally, the document reviews the present scenario of wind power in India, which has the fifth largest installed capacity in the world, and is led by states like Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, and Maharashtra.
This document is a report submitted by five students on the design and fabrication of a wind turbine. It provides background on the evolution of wind turbines from water pumping mills to modern electricity generating turbines. It describes the main components of wind turbines, including the differences between vertical axis and horizontal axis designs. The report reviews several academic papers on topics like blade performance optimization, power generation potentials, and load prediction modeling. It also covers design considerations for wind turbines such as the number of blades, materials, and blade shape and angle of attack.
Wind power generation presentation by vikas guptaVikas Gupta
The document discusses induction generators for wind power generation. It describes how wind turbines convert kinetic wind energy to mechanical torque and then electrical power. Variable speed induction generators are preferred over fixed speed as they allow for maximum energy capture from fluctuating wind speeds. The document outlines different types of variable speed induction generator systems used in wind turbines, including squirrel cage, wound rotor, and doubly-fed induction generators. It also discusses the key components and control methods used in variable speed wind energy conversion systems.
The document discusses various renewable energy technologies that can be integrated using permaculture design principles. It provides an overview of solar water heating, photovoltaics, wind power, microhydro systems, and biomass energy. It describes the basic workings of these technologies and gives examples of applications and considerations around costs, siting, and performance.
The document discusses various conventional and non-conventional energy sources. It describes coal, oil, natural gas, oil shale, tar sands and nuclear power as conventional sources. It then discusses wind turbines and wind farms as non-conventional sources, explaining their components and how they work to convert wind energy to electrical power.
This document summarizes types of wind turbines and generators used in wind energy conversion systems. It discusses horizontal and vertical axis wind turbines and describes common generator types like squirrel cage induction generators for fixed speed systems and doubly fed induction generators for adjustable speed systems. Adjustable speed generators are preferred as they allow turbine speed to adjust to wind speed, improving efficiency and reducing mechanical stresses and noise. While power electronics make adjustable speed systems more expensive, they provide benefits like improved power quality and reduced acoustic noise.
Presentation About Designing A Simple Windmill For Generation Of Electricity At A Very Small-scale ... (Download It To Get More Out Of It: Animations Don't Work In Preview) ... !
Wind TURBINE WORKING PRINCIPLE & Renewable Power Energy.pptxMONOWARHOSSAIN47
it is a presentation for renewable energy courses. it based on wind turbine and wind power system of renewable energy sources. it is fully readymade and free. there have fully detailed on wind turbine, where have about wind turbine mechanism to cost efficiency, control system, matlab calculation and so on. it will be really helpful for a student.
This document outlines an automatic procedure for designing and analyzing electric traction motors through multi-disciplinary analysis. It describes performing initial sizing and sensitivity analysis to explore different motor configurations. Key analyses include computing various loss mechanisms like AC proximity losses, investigating short circuits and demagnetization, verifying mechanical strength, and performing advanced thermal and vibration analyses. The goal is to optimize the motor design through this process to reduce losses, vibrations, and noise while ensuring adequate life, reliability, and performance.
Electrical machines for renewable energy converters keynoteozikeysan
The document summarizes electrical machines and power conversion technologies for renewable energy applications such as wind, wave, and tidal energy. It discusses challenges including low generator speeds, variable prime movers, and the need for direct drive or single stage gearboxes. Solutions presented include transverse flux and air-cored machines, novel support structures, switched reluctance machines, and high temperature superconducting generators. A comparative design process for evaluating different permanent magnet machine topologies is also outlined.
This document provides an outline for a research proposal on analyzing the performance of a switched reluctance machine operating in generating mode. The proposal aims to 1) conduct finite element analysis and MATLAB simulations of a switched reluctance generator, 2) mitigate acoustic noise and torque ripple using intelligent controllers, and 3) optimize firing angles using a firefly algorithm. The expected results are reduction of torque ripple and noise, and verification of simulations through laboratory experiments coupling the generator to a wind turbine. A timeline outlines milestones over 24 months including literature review, modeling, experimentation, results analysis, and publications.
This document discusses power electronics in wind energy conversion systems. It begins with an introduction to wind energy systems and the flow of kinetic energy from wind being converted to mechanical and then electrical energy. It describes the different types of wind turbine drive trains including fixed speed (Type A), limited variable speed with resistance control (Type B), limited variable speed with a partial converter (Type C), and variable speed with a full converter (Type D). It also discusses wind converter components like the power circuit, filters, reactors, and control strategies. Large planned and commissioned wind turbines are listed with rotor diameters up to 242 meters. Teams involved in developing power converters are noted along with the roles of hardware engineering, control engineering, modeling, electrical calculations, and
Controllers are used in renewable energy systems like electric vehicles, wind turbines, and solar power plants to regulate various functions. Modern controllers for electric vehicles use pulse width modulation to smoothly control motor speed and acceleration. Advanced controllers for wind turbines and solar plants employ strategies like variable pitch control, maximum power point tracking, and fuzzy logic to optimize power capture despite changing environmental conditions. Controllers are critical for integrating renewable sources into smart grids and ensuring stable, efficient system operation as use of intermittent renewables increases.
This document discusses how wind turbines can provide grid support functions similar to Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices through advanced controls of the power electronics and generator systems. It describes how doubly-fed induction generator wind turbines can regulate voltage and reactive power at the point of interconnection, provide inertial response during frequency disturbances, limit ramp rates during changes in wind speed, and improve transient stability compared to synchronous generators. The document argues that these grid support functions allow high levels of wind power to be integrated onto the grid in a reliable manner without compromising system performance.
Full-scale converter for synchronous wind turbine generatorsLong Thang Pham
This document summarizes a presentation about full scale converters for synchronous wind turbine generators. It begins with an introduction to the evolution of wind turbines over time towards larger capacity and increased use of power electronics. It then covers the characteristics of variable speed wind turbines using full scale converters, including advantages like high efficiency and reactive power control. The document reviews different generator and converter designs that have been used in wind turbines. It also discusses control strategies for both the generator side and grid side converters. Applications of variable speed wind turbines using full scale converters are described for both onshore and offshore wind power. The conclusion discusses future directions such as developing offshore wind farms and improving efficiency and reliability.
The document discusses wind energy conversion systems that use doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs). It first provides a basic block diagram of a wind energy conversion system, including an aerodynamic turbine to extract wind energy, a gearbox to convert the rotational speed, and a generator to produce electrical energy. It then discusses DFIGs in more detail, including different control strategies like direct and indirect control methods. The document also provides the equivalent circuit diagram of a DFIG and discusses some of the advantages and disadvantages of different types of wind generators.
NHPC is India's largest hydro power company established in 1975. This report provides details of the Salal Hydroelectric Power Project located on the Chenab River in Jammu and Kashmir. The 690 MW project was constructed from 1970 to 1995 and features a 118m rockfill dam, 113m concrete dam, and underground powerhouse with 6 units of 115MW each. Technical specifications are provided for the project components including turbines, generators, transformers, draft tubes and governing systems. The Francis turbines have a rated speed of 187.5 RPM and maximum output of 123.5 MW. NHPC successfully completed construction of this major hydroelectric project.
This document summarizes information about super-premium electric motors. It defines super-premium motors as having at least 15% lower losses than IE3 premium efficiency motors. It discusses various technologies that can enable higher motor efficiencies, including copper rotors, line start permanent magnet motors, switched reluctance motors, synchronous reluctance motors, and permanent magnet motors. The document also presents data on expected motor market trends and total lifetime costs, finding that super-premium motors can provide significant energy savings over their operational lifetime.
Condition monitoring of rotating electrical machinesAnkit Basera
Condition monitoring of rotating electrical machines, Construction, Operation, Types, Specification Of Electrical Machines, Different Failure Modes Of Electrical Machines, Failure Modes And Root Causes In Rotating Electrical Machines
These slides presents an overview of different wind generator systems and their comparisons. Later of the slides the modelling and control strategies of wind generators will be discussed.
Development of a high speed hts generator for airborne applicationsVipin Pilanku
The document describes a high-temperature superconducting (HTS) generator developed by GE for the Air Force Research Lab. Some key points:
1) It uses a stationary HTS field excitation coil and solid rotor forging to avoid centrifugal forces on the coil.
2) Cooling is provided by gravity-fed boiling liquid neon from a single cryocooler, with a total heat load of 40W.
3) Testing showed the generator could generate 1.3MW at 10,500rpm, meeting design goals.
The document provides an overview of 3-phase UPS operation and key concepts:
- It defines UPS systems and their role in providing power backup and conditioning. On-line UPS systems use double conversion to regulate voltage and frequency.
- The presentation discusses UPS components like rectifiers, chargers, inverters and static switches. Inverters in particular are designed for high efficiency and low harmonic distortion.
- Newer 4-level inverter designs are highlighted for reducing voltage stress on components and improving reliability compared to traditional 2-level designs.
The document presents a detailed electromechanical model of a DFIG-based wind turbine connected to a power grid. It discusses different types of wind turbine generators including squirrel cage induction, synchronous, and doubly fed induction generators. It then focuses on modeling and simulating a DFIG system in MATLAB/Simulink. Control schemes for regulating pitch angle, DC link voltage, and fault analysis are studied. Simulation results show the DFIG is able to control power at variable wind speeds and regulate DC link voltage through pitch angle control. Future work opportunities to improve the control and reduce system costs are also outlined.
MODELING AND OPTIMIZATION OF COLD CRUCIBLE FURNACES FOR MELTING METALSFluxtrol Inc.
http://fluxtrol.com
Cold Crucible Furnaces (CCFs), widely used in multiple special applications of
melting metals, oxides, glasses and other materials [1], are essentially 3D devices and their
modeling is a complicated task. Multiple studies of CCFs have been made for their
optimization, but their electrical efficiency is still low; for metals approximately 25-30% and
even lower. Fluxtrol, Inc., made an extensive study of electromagnetic processes of CCFs
using computer simulation and laboratory tests. This study showed that electrical efficiency of
CCFs may be strongly improved by means of optimal design of the whole system with use of
magnetic flux controllers. Theoretical results had been confirmed by laboratory tests on
mockups and by industrial tests with real melting processes. The presentation contains a
description of the computer modeling procedure and major findings. They form a basis for
optimal design of electromagnetic systems of CCFs.
This document summarizes an experimental study on a miniature fabricated model of a maglev wind turbine. The study aimed to design and fabricate a model to harness wind energy more efficiently using magnetic levitation. Key aspects included designing the levitation system using neodymium magnets, designing turbine blades and an axial flux generator. Testing showed the maglev turbine started rotating at lower wind speeds than conventional turbines and produced voltages ranging from 5-60V, demonstrating the potential for increased efficiency of maglev wind power generation.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMSIJNSA Journal
The smart irrigation system represents an innovative approach to optimize water usage in agricultural and landscaping practices. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, including sensors, actuators, and data analysis, empowers this system to provide accurate monitoring and control of irrigation processes by leveraging real-time environmental conditions. The main objective of a smart irrigation system is to optimize water efficiency, minimize expenses, and foster the adoption of sustainable water management methods. This paper conducts a systematic risk assessment by exploring the key components/assets and their functionalities in the smart irrigation system. The crucial role of sensors in gathering data on soil moisture, weather patterns, and plant well-being is emphasized in this system. These sensors enable intelligent decision-making in irrigation scheduling and water distribution, leading to enhanced water efficiency and sustainable water management practices. Actuators enable automated control of irrigation devices, ensuring precise and targeted water delivery to plants. Additionally, the paper addresses the potential threat and vulnerabilities associated with smart irrigation systems. It discusses limitations of the system, such as power constraints and computational capabilities, and calculates the potential security risks. The paper suggests possible risk treatment methods for effective secure system operation. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the significant benefits of implementing smart irrigation systems, including improved water conservation, increased crop yield, and reduced environmental impact. Additionally, based on the security analysis conducted, the paper recommends the implementation of countermeasures and security approaches to address vulnerabilities and ensure the integrity and reliability of the system. By incorporating these measures, smart irrigation technology can revolutionize water management practices in agriculture, promoting sustainability, resource efficiency, and safeguarding against potential security threats.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELgerogepatton
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...nooriasukmaningtyas
The proper function of the integrated circuit (IC) in an inhibiting electromagnetic environment has always been a serious concern throughout the decades of revolution in the world of electronics, from disjunct devices to today’s integrated circuit technology, where billions of transistors are combined on a single chip. The automotive industry and smart vehicles in particular, are confronting design issues such as being prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Electronic control devices calculate incorrect outputs because of EMI and sensors give misleading values which can prove fatal in case of automotives. In this paper, the authors have non exhaustively tried to review research work concerned with the investigation of EMI in ICs and prediction of this EMI using various modelling methodologies and measurement setups.
6. “Research, design, and enhance a turbine for a grid scenario
with a high contribution of renewables and be able to
operate in an islanded mode.”
2019 Problem Statement
7. • Work autonomously in a grid scenario
• Consistent, steady power up to
20 m/s windspeed
• 45 cm cubed in volume
• Able to yaw 180º per second, up to 720º
Constraints & Specifications
8. Cut in
• Start producing
power between
wind speeds of
2.5 and 5 m/s
Power Curve
Performance
• Produce stable
power between
wind speeds of 5
to 11m/s
Control of
Rated Power
• Maintain a
proportionality
of rated power
and rpm in high
wind speed
Safety
• Shut down and
restart safely
Durability
• Yaw and
withstand high
speed winds
CWC Testing Procedure
9. Design Issues
• Large hub = smaller blades
• Bulky, non-aerodynamic nacelle
• Generator oversized
Last Year's Design
36. Circuit Design: Variable Load
Circuit is Closed
Turbine
Generates
Power
On
Circuit is Open
Blades Allowed
to Spin Freely
During Startup
Off Circuit is
Shorted
Blade Rotation
Impeded during
Shutdown
Sequence
On
Circuit is Closed
Turbine
Generates
Power
Off
Series MOSFET Parallel MOSFET
52. Cut in
• Start producing
power between
wind speeds of
2.5 and 5 m/s
Power Curve
Performance
• Produce stable
power between
wind speeds of 5
to 11m/s
Control of
Rated Power
• Maintain a
proportionality
of rated power
and rpm in high
wind speed
Safety
• Shut down and
restart safely
Durability
• Yaw and
withstand high
speed winds
Test Runs
53. Cut in
• Start producing
power between
wind speeds of
2.5 and 5 m/s
Power Curve
Performance
• Produce stable
power between
wind speeds of 5
to 11m/s
Control of
Rated Power
• Maintain a
proportionality
of rated power
and rpm in high
wind speed
Safety
• Shut down and
restart safely
Durability
• Yaw and
withstand high
speed winds
Competition Run
61. • Twelve trials evaluated in QBlade
• Graphical Optimization using MATLAB
and Surrogate Assisted Optimization
• Gradient based search optimization in
Excel
13% increase in Cp!
Editor's Notes
KEES
Make table bigger. Make table less specific. Add title. Add yaw slide after this, potential blow up graphic
KEES
KEES
Make it bigger to fill the screen, make a graphic that looks nicer, maybe take out last year's design, add "CWC performance" to the bottom, add "conclusion", add "closing questions"
Emily
Emily
Emily
Enlarge the graphic with detaisl, get rids of words
Emily
Picture should be larger, maybe a different picture.
Nicole
Thanks Emily!
Before we talk about our turbine design, we want to show you where we came from and where we ended.
The turbine design is a legacy project. So when we started designing, we based it off of last year's. We noticed that their turbine had 3 main issues that we could focused on: a large hub= smaller blades, a non-aerodynamic nacelle or housing, and an oversized generator.
With maximizing power as our primary design goal, we divided our design process into 3 parts.
The mechanical system, which captures the wind energy
With maximizing power as our primary design goal, we divided our design process into 3 parts.
The mechanical system, which captures the wind energy
With maximizing power as our primary design goal, we divided our design process into 3 parts.
The mechanical system, which captures the wind energy
Emily
Now, let's start with the mechanical system which captures the wind energy
Nicole
We will start with blades design
Nicole
We will start with blades design
Nicole
This is the hub, which is where all blades attach.
As I mentioned earlier, last year's hub was large with shorter blades.
However, in a wind turbine, power is a function of the area being swept by the blade as they rotate. This means that the longer the blade the more power.
How do we get longer blade with the competition size constraint.
So, we shrank the hub which allowed us to have longer blades.
Nicole
Potentially image on a slide before this to desricbe how and why we changed the blades. Put in image of last year's blades. Make sure to desrcibe everything on this page well.
Nicole
Add the graphic
Add the graphic
Add the graphic
Add the graphic
Add the graphic
Add the graphic
Add the graphic
Add title. Add graphics to demonstrate what part of the system we are currently discussing
Add title. Add graphics to demonstrate what part of the system we are currently discussing
Add title. Add graphics to demonstrate what part of the system we are currently discussing
After all that great work to harness wind energy, we need to convert it to electrical energy. This is the goal of selecting a generator.
For the competition we selected the Titan T8120 as our generator.
It was chosen because of its high power output at high rotational speeds.
While it was a step down from last years design it still may have been a bit too robust.
What it is: A 3 phase drone motor used as a generator
Why it was chosen: High power output with high rotational speeds, it may be too robust for the design
The generator produces an AC voltage source. We chose to rectify, or convert, this to a DC source.
This made it easy to balance the load on the generator, implement all the low voltage circuitry, and a DC output was required by the competition Data Acquisition System.
What it is: Rectification process – converting the generators 3 phase voltage into a DC voltage
Why: This made it easy to balance the load on the generator, implement all the low voltage circuitry and it is required by the competition data acquisition system.
To power our control systems and our programable devices, voltage regulators were used.
They are inefficient but easy to implement. They are designed in conjunction with bypass capacitors to help reduce electrical noise in the circuit.
What it is: 2x IC voltage regulators used in conjunction with bypass capacitors
Why it was chosen: The Arduino and Linear Actuator Board require 5V and 6V respectively. They are easy to implement but are inefficient and the Bypass capacitors help with switching and rectifier noise.
A DC to DC converter was used to charge the competition storage device.
It was chosen specifically for this role and is much more efficient and robust than the voltage regulators. However, it was difficult to implement and it caused some issues during the competition.
What it is: TDK-Lamda DC-to-DC converter
Why it was chosen: While difficult to impliment into the circuit it has a much higher efficency than the voltage regulators and was a perfect fit for the competition storage device.
We implemented a lossless lowpass filter tuned to 100Hz.
This was required at the output of our circuit to the competition data acquisition system to filter circuit noise caused by rectification and switching electronics.
What it is: A lowpass filter designed to roll off at 100Hz.
Why it was chosen: This was required by the competition so rectification and switching noise caused by other parts of the circuit don’t distort the data acquisition system.
A Variable resistor was designed as the load element.
Using voltage controlled current sources, or MOSFETS, in a series and parallel combination we were able to allow our control system to either open the circuit, allowing the blades to spin freely during a startup sequence; or short the circuit, impedding the rotation of the blades duing a shutdown sequence.
What it is: Variable Load resistor
Why it was chosen: The voltage controlled current sources, or MOSFETs are in a parallel and series combination allowing our control system to either open the circuit or short the circuit during startup and shutdown sequences.
Thanh
Thanh
Data Acquisition can be understand as getting data
CLICK
Here, the CS measures Voltage, Current, Power and RPM
These data benefits the algorithm of the CS as well as our testing.
We have on the screen now is the schematic of the CS, the components you see on your right side are sensors we used
The second function of the CS is power control, means it helps the turbine to produce power more efficiently and consistently, to complete the rated-power control task in the competition.
Basically, the control system controls the pitching system to fulfill this function
Let's take a look at the components on the other half of the schematic, on your left side. We have the components for the controlling the pitching system
We call it PROPORTIONAL METHOD
Last but not least, the safety shutdown function. To complete the SAFETY TASK of the competition, which is being able to stop the turbine rotation at any windspeed
A duo effect was used:
commanding the MOSFET to short the circuits, put much more torque on the generator, make too heavy to spin
Commanding the pitching system to form a poor aerodynamic angle on the blades, which looks like this CLICK
KEES
Make table bigger. Make table less specific. Add title. Add yaw slide after this, potential blow up graphic
KEES
Make table bigger. Make table less specific. Add title. Add yaw slide after this, potential blow up graphic
Make table bigger. Make table less specific. Add title. Add yaw slide after this, potential blow up graphic