Microteaching Slides for the intoduction and Basics

1. BI-POLAR AFFECTIVE DISORDER
DR JITHIN OUSEPH
M.D PART-2
PSYCHIATRY

2. OBJECTIVES
 To understand about bipolar mood disorders.
 To know about various managements.
TOPICS
 Definition
 Causes
 Classification
 Management

3. DEFINITION
Mood disorder, also known as mood
(affective) disorders, is a group of
conditions where a disturbance in the
person's mood is the main underlying
feature.

4. Causes:
Cognitive/ environmental
Physiological
genetic

5. Classification

6. Bipolar disorder
Bipolar disorder (BD) :
>(also called Manic Depression or Manic-
Depressive Disorder), an unstable emotional
condition characterized by
cycles of abnormal, persistent high mood
(mania) and low mood (depression),at least of
two episodes.

7.  Age of onset: First episode at any age from child
hood to old age.
 Duration: Maniac episode lasts for 2weeks to 4
months and depression: 6months rarely for one
year.

8. Mania
Mania, is a state of abnormally elevated
arousal, affect, and energy level, or "a state
of heightened overall activation with
enhanced affective expression together with
lability of affect.
The symptoms are heightened mood (either
euphoric or irritable); flight of ideas
and pressure of speech; and increased
energy, decreased need for sleep, and
hyperactivity.

9. Hypomania
 Hypomania (literally "under mania" or "less
than mania") is a mood state characterized
by persistent disinhibition and elevation
(euphoria). Hypomania is distinct from mania in
that there is no significant functional impairment.

10. Bipolar I:
 Bipolar I is distinguished by the presence or history
of one or more manic episodes or mixed
episodes with or without major depressive
episodes.
Bipolar II:
 Bipolar II consisting of recurrent
intermittent hypomanic and depressive episodes or
mixed episodes.

11. Bipolar Disorder Not Otherwise
Specified (BD-NOS)
 Bipolar Disorder Not Otherwise Specified
 (BD-NOS), sometimes called "sub-threshold"
bipolar, indicates that the patient suffers from
some symptoms in the bipolar spectrum (e.g.,
manic and depressive symptoms) but does
not fully qualify for any of the three formal
bipolar mentioned above.

12. Management????
 Pharmacotherapy
 Electroconvulsive therapy(ECT)
 Transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS): Focal
stimulation of brainin patients who are awake.
 Deep brain stimulation: it is an invasive technique
implanting electrode in brain followed by the
stimulation of particular area.

13.  Neurofeedback: Self regulation technique.
 Bright light therapy: used for depressive
disorder.
 Psychotherapy: CBT, IPT, Family therapy
 Behavioural activation therapy
 Relapse prevention strategies

14. REFERENCES
 INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY: Clofford.T.Morgan
 ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY: James.N.Butcher
 ICD 10- Classifiaction of mental disorders: WHO
 KAPLAN & SADOCKS ,CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY –
Benjamin. J.Sadocks and Virginia A. Sadocks.

15. LIFE IS LIKE A PIANO; THE WHITE
KEYS REPRESENT HAPPINESS AND
THE BLACK SHOW SADNESS. BUT
AS YOU GO THROUGH LIFES
JOURNEY, REMEMBER THAT THE
BLACK KEYS ALSO CREATES
MUSIC