Neurotic disorders are less severe psychiatric disorders where patients experience excessive or prolonged emotional reactions to stress. These disorders are not caused by organic brain diseases and do not involve hallucinations or delusions. Some examples include somatoform disorder, phobic anxiety disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Phobic anxiety disorder is characterized by irrational fears of specific objects, situations, or activities. Treatment involves psychotherapy, relaxation techniques, medication, and addressing underlying negative thoughts contributing to anxiety.
Personality disorder ppt MENTAL HEALTH NURSINGvihang tayde
Most definition of normal personality includes some or all of the following features,
Present since adolescence.
Stable overtime despite fluctuations in mood.
Manifest in different environment.
Recognizable to friends and acquaintance.
mania is an alteration in mood that is characterized by extreme happiness, extreme irritability, hyperactivity, little or no need for sleep. the main etiological factors include biological factors, biochemical influences, physiological factors, and psycho social theories. mania is broadly classified into three categories- hypo mania, acute mania and delirious mania. there are three types of treatment for mania- pharmacological treatment, psycho-social treatment and ECT.
Personality disorder ppt MENTAL HEALTH NURSINGvihang tayde
Most definition of normal personality includes some or all of the following features,
Present since adolescence.
Stable overtime despite fluctuations in mood.
Manifest in different environment.
Recognizable to friends and acquaintance.
mania is an alteration in mood that is characterized by extreme happiness, extreme irritability, hyperactivity, little or no need for sleep. the main etiological factors include biological factors, biochemical influences, physiological factors, and psycho social theories. mania is broadly classified into three categories- hypo mania, acute mania and delirious mania. there are three types of treatment for mania- pharmacological treatment, psycho-social treatment and ECT.
A phobia is an excessive and irrational fear reaction. If you have a phobia, you may experience a deep sense of dread or panic when you encounter the source of your fear. The fear can be of a certain place, situation, or object. Unlike general anxiety disorders, a phobia is usually connected to something specific
obsessive-compulsive disorder is a mental disorder whose main symptoms include obsessions and compulsions, driving the person to engage in unwanted, often-times distress behaviors or thoughts. The obsessions are usually related to a sense of harm, risk or injury. The common Obsessions include concern about contamination, doubt, fear of loss or letting go, fear of physically injuring someone.It’s treatment is done through a combination of psychiatric medications and psychotherapy.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a common, chronic and long-lasting disorder in which a person has uncontrollable, reoccurring thoughts (obsessions) and behaviors (compulsions) that he or she feels the urge to repeat over and over.
An obsession is defined as an idea, impulse, or image which intrude into the conscious aware repeatedly.
Schizophrenia is a group of severe brain disorders in which people interpret reality abnormally. Schizophrenia may result in some combination of hallucinations, delusions, and disordered thinking and behaviour.
Contrary to some popular belief, schizophrenia is not split personality or multiple personality. The word “schizophrenia” does mean “split mind,” but it refers to a disruption of the usual balance of emotions and thinking (Mayo, 2013).
Schizophrenia is a chronic condition, requiring lifelong treatment.
hii guys this is my ongoing presentation from my speciality class i hope u guys lije that please so i hope it is been useful for u in ur specialities by getting little help with that
A phobia is an excessive and irrational fear reaction. If you have a phobia, you may experience a deep sense of dread or panic when you encounter the source of your fear. The fear can be of a certain place, situation, or object. Unlike general anxiety disorders, a phobia is usually connected to something specific
obsessive-compulsive disorder is a mental disorder whose main symptoms include obsessions and compulsions, driving the person to engage in unwanted, often-times distress behaviors or thoughts. The obsessions are usually related to a sense of harm, risk or injury. The common Obsessions include concern about contamination, doubt, fear of loss or letting go, fear of physically injuring someone.It’s treatment is done through a combination of psychiatric medications and psychotherapy.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a common, chronic and long-lasting disorder in which a person has uncontrollable, reoccurring thoughts (obsessions) and behaviors (compulsions) that he or she feels the urge to repeat over and over.
An obsession is defined as an idea, impulse, or image which intrude into the conscious aware repeatedly.
Schizophrenia is a group of severe brain disorders in which people interpret reality abnormally. Schizophrenia may result in some combination of hallucinations, delusions, and disordered thinking and behaviour.
Contrary to some popular belief, schizophrenia is not split personality or multiple personality. The word “schizophrenia” does mean “split mind,” but it refers to a disruption of the usual balance of emotions and thinking (Mayo, 2013).
Schizophrenia is a chronic condition, requiring lifelong treatment.
hii guys this is my ongoing presentation from my speciality class i hope u guys lije that please so i hope it is been useful for u in ur specialities by getting little help with that
phobia.pptx total topic with description ofAltafBro
Phobia: persistent, irrational fear of specific objects, activities, or situations
Types of phobias
Specific: response to specific objects
Social: result of exposure to social situations or required performance
Agoraphobia: fear of being in places/situations from which escape is difficult or help unavailable
Panic attack
Sudden onset of extreme apprehension or fear of impending doom
Fear of losing one’s mind or having a heart attack
Panic disorder with agoraphobia
Panic attacks combined with agoraphobia
Agoraphobia is fear of being in places or situations from which escape is difficult or help unavailable
Feared places avoided, restricting one’s life
ANXIETY DISORDER IS A FEELING OF FEAR,DREAD,AND UNEASINESSVandanaGaur15
Mental health is as crucial as physical health. However, mental health issues are often overlooked, and many individuals suffer silently. One such problem is anxiety disorder, which affects millions of people worldwide. In this blog post, we’ll delve into anxiety disorder, its symptoms, and the importance of seeking help.
The Invisible Battle: Anxiety Disorder
Anxiety disorder is a mental health condition that causes people to feel intense fear, worry, or anxiety. It’s a persistent condition that can interfere with daily activities and quality of life. Various factors, including stress, trauma, genetics, and brain chemistry can trigger the condition.
Individuals with anxiety disorder may experience intense, frequent, and persistent worry or fear about everyday situations. They may also experience physical symptoms such as sweating, trembling, and digestive issues. Anxiety disorder can also manifest in specific phobias, social withdrawal, and panic attacks.
Generalized and phobic anxiety disordernabina paneru
This slide contains information regarding Generalized and phobic anxiety disorder. This can be helpful for proficiency level and bachelor level nursing students. Your feedback is highly appreciated.
Presentation delivered at Women in Transition: a weekly support group offered at Kaiser Permanente Adult Psychiatry. Cupertino, California. Presented by Lucia Merino, LCSW.
Pyschotherapist.
Discuss characteristics of various psychological disorders includin.pdfRahul04August
Discuss characteristics of various psychological disorders including anxiety and mood disorders
as well as schizophrenia
Solution
Anxiety disorders are characterized by severe fear or anxiety associated with particular objects
and situations.Most people with anxiety disorders try to avoid exposure to the situation that
causes anxiety.
Specific Phobia-phobia means fear.A specific phobia is an irrational fear of some specific thing
or situation.The fear is irrational in the sense that it is all out of proportion to the actual danger
presented.
Panic Disorder-This is a disorder characterized by unforewarned attacks of extreme dread,as if
some terrible thing is about to befall the person,generally lasting only a couple of minutes and
leaving the person physically exhausted because of the extreme activation of the physiological
mechanisms aroused by terror.
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder -this disorder arises when people are exposed to servely
stressful,life-threatening situations in which they perceive that they have no control over the
outcome.Those affected have flashbacks about the situation in which they were
helpless,nightmares,difficulty sleeping,and and find it impossible to put the situation behind
them and get on with their lives.Situations inducing the disorder include military combat,natural
disasters,accidents etc.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder-Obsessions are thoughts,usually of a distressing nature,that
constantly intrude into awareness,over and over again.Compulsions are ritualistic behaviors the
person feels to perform over and over again,because not to perform them means experiencing
rapidly increasing levels of anxiety.Certain drugs and behavior modification techniques have
been used to treat the disorder.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder-The person suffering from this disorder experiences
continuous,high levels of free-floating anxiety that does not seem to have been triggered by any
specific thing or situation.The symptoms of anxiety are often treated by prescribing minor
tranquilizers as an initial step,this is followed by psychological therapy aimed and uncovering
and eliminating the source of the anxiety.
Mood disorders are also known as affective disorders or depressive disorders.These illnesses
share disturbances or changes in mood,usually involving either depression or mania.
Major depression –an extreme or prolonged episode of sadness in which a person loses interest
or pleasure in previously enjoyed activities.
Bipolar disorder – alternating episodes of mania and depression.
Dysthymia – continuous low-grade symptoms of major depression and anxiety.
Seasonal affective disorder– a form of major depression that occurs in the fall or winter and may
be related to shortened periods of daylight.
Schizophrenia is a brain disorder that affects the way a person behaves,thinks,and sees the
world.Many people with schizophrenia withdraw from the outside world, act out in confusion
and fear,and are at an increased risk of attempting suic.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
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micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
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Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
2. Neurotic Disorder (Neurosis) is a less
severe from of psychiatric disorder
where, patient show either excessive or
prolonged emotional reaction to any
given stress.
These Disorder are not caused by organic
brain disease & however severe, do not
involve Hallucination & Delusions.
4. Anxiety Disorder are classified as
following:-
Phobic Anxiety Disorder
Panic Anxiety Disorder
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
5. Anxiety is a normal phenomenon, which is
characterized by a state of apprehension
or uneasiness arising out of anticipation
of danger.
PHOBIC ANXIETY DISORDER:- A
Phobia is an unreasonable fear of a
specific object , activity or situation.
This irrational fear is characterized by
various features.
6. SIMPLE PHOBIA:- (Specific phobia) it is an
irrational fear of a specific object or stimulus.
Simple phobia common in childhood.
SIGN AND SYMPTOMS OF SIMPLE PHOBIA:-
Irrational and persistent fear of object or
situation.
Immediate anxiety on contact with feared
objects or situation.
Loss of control , fainting or panic response.
Anxiety when thinking about stimulus.
Possible impaired social or work functioning.
7. It is an irrational fear of performing activities in the
presence of other people or interacting with others.
The patient is afraid of his own actions being
viewed by others critically, resulting in
embarrassment or humiliation.
SIGN AND SYMPTOMS OF SOCIAL PHOBIA:-
Hypertension
Sweating , cold & clammy
Blushing
Palpitation
Confusion
Trembling hand and voice
Urinary urgency
8. It is a characterized by an irrational fear of being in
places away from the familiar setting of home, in
crows, or in a situation that the patient cannot leave
easily.
SIGN AND SYMPTOMS:-
Over riding fear of open or public spaces.
Avoidance of public places & confinement to home.
Embarrassment.
9. Repression:- (classical defence mechanism that
protects you from unwanted ideas & fearful stimulus)
When the repression is fail the secondary defence
mechanism is displacement & come into the action
that we got fear.
Learning Theory:- According to classical conditioning
a stressful stimulus produce an unconditioned
response- fear. (harmless object, eventfully the
harmless object alone produce the fear)
Cognitive theory:- Anxiety is the produce of faulty
cognition. Cognitive theorists believe that some
individuals engage in negetive & irrational thinking
that produce anxiety reaction
10. No specific Diagnosis test, diagnosis
confirm by criteria met.( simple, social,
Agora)
History of anxiety when exposed to or
anticipating specific entity or situation.
COURSE
> The phobia are more common in women
with an onset of early or late seconds.
11. 1. PHARMACOTHERAPY
Benzodiazepines ( For example Alprazolam, clonazepam,
Lorazepam, Diazepam)
Antidepressants (For example Imipramine, phenelzine )
2.BEHAVIOUR THERAPY
1. Relaxation techniques (Progressive muscle relaxation,
Deep breathing exercise, Listening to calming music .
2. Through Role playing
3. Assertive training
4. Cognitive techniques (Remove negative thinking about
feared objects)
12. Supportive Psychotherapy is a helpful
to behavior therapy as following:-
Group therapy
Individual therapy
Music therapy
Dance therapy
Talking therapy
Family therapy
Drama therapy
13. ASSESSMENT
Assess the symptoms of fear & factors.
Observation of thought process, affects &
communication.
NURSING DIAGNOSIS
Fear related to specific stimulus or causing
embarrassment to self in front of others, evidenced
by behaviour directed towards avoidance of feared
object.
Social isolation related to fear of being in a place
from which one is unable to escape , evidenced by
staying alone , refusing to leave the room/home.
14. Reassure the patient that he is safe.
Encourage patient to explore underlying feelings
that may be contributing to irrational fears.
Administer antianxiety medications as ordered by
physician.
Discuss with the patient sign and symptoms of
increasing anxiety & give relaxation and positive
reinforcement.