Bluetooth is a wireless technology standard that allows short-range digital radio connections between various devices like phones, laptops, headphones, cars and more. It was created in 1998 by Ericsson, IBM, Intel and other companies to simplify connections and data transfer between devices. Bluetooth operates using radio waves at 2.4GHz and has a typical range of 10 meters. It allows up to 8 devices to connect in a personal area network (PAN) called a piconet. Bluetooth is an open standard continually improved by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group to unify wireless connectivity across many industries.
Introduction to Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs). Cover IEEE 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n, 802.11i, 802.11x, and deployment & security issues
Introduction to Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs). Cover IEEE 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n, 802.11i, 802.11x, and deployment & security issues
Bluetooth is an open standard for short-range
digital radio to interconnect a variety of devices Cell
phones, PDA, notebook computers, modems,
cordless phones, pagers, laptop computers, printers,
cameras by developing a single-chip, low-cost,
radio-based wireless network technology.
Software design is the first of three technical activities—design, code generation, and test—that are required to build and verify the software
The design task produces a data design, an architectural design, an interface design, and a component design
The data design transforms the information domain model created during analysis into the data structures that will be required to implement the software
Requirements elicitation "brainstorming" techniques is conducted, analysis principles are applied, and a model of the software to be built, called a prototype, is constructed for customer and developer assessment
Begins during the communication activity and continues into the modeling activity
Builds a bridge from the system requirements into software design and construction
Software is a set of instructions to acquire inputs and to manipulate them to produce the desired output in terms of functions and performance as determined by the user of the software
*A modular design reduces complexity
*The concept of functional independence is a direct outgrowth of modularity and the
concepts of abstraction and information hiding
*functional independence is a key to good design, and design is the key to software quality
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
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Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
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This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
GIÁO ÁN DẠY THÊM (KẾ HOẠCH BÀI BUỔI 2) - TIẾNG ANH 8 GLOBAL SUCCESS (2 CỘT) N...
Bluetooth.ppt
1. What’s With the Name?
•The name ‘Bluetooth’ was named after 10th century
Viking king in Denmark Harald Bluetooth who united
and controlled Denmark and Norway.
•The name was adopted because Bluetooth wireless
technology is expected to unify the
telecommunications and computing industries
2. Who Started Bluetooth?
• Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG)
•Founded in Spring 1998
•By Ericsson, Intel, IBM, Nokia, Toshiba;
•Now more than 2000 organizations joint the SIG
3. What Is Bluetooth?
☼ Bluetooth is an open standard for short-range
digital radio to interconnect a variety of devices Cell
phones, notebook computers, modems, cordless
phones, pagers, laptop computers, printers, cameras
by developing a single-chip, low-cost, radio-based
wireless network technology
4. Bluetooth
• Simplifying communications between:
- devices and the internet
- data synchronization
• Operates in licensed exempt ISM band at 2.4ghz
• Uses frequency hoping spread spectrum
• Omni directional, no requiring line of sight
• Bluetooth offers data speeds of up to 1 Mbps up to 10
meters (Short range wireless radio technology )
• Unlike IrDA, Bluetooth supports a LAN-like mode
where multiple devices can interact with each other.
• The key limitations of Bluetooth are security and
interference with wireless LANs.
• Short range wireless radio technology
5. Bluetooth
• Bluetooth is a PAN Technology
o Offers fast and reliable transmission for both voice and data
o Can support either one asynchronous data channel with up to three
simultaneous synchronous speech channels or one channel that transfers
asynchronous data and synchronous speech simultaneously
o Support both packet-switching and circuit-switching
6. Bluetooth
• Personal Area Network (PAN) Bluetooth is a
standard that will …
o Eliminate wires and cables between both stationary and mobile devices
o Facilitate both data and voice communications
o Offer the possibility of ad hoc networks and deliver synchronicity between
personal devices
7. Bluetooth Topology
• Bluetooth-enabled devices can automatically locate each
other
• Topology is established on a temporary and random basis
• Up to eight Bluetooth devices may be networked together
in a master-slave relationship to form a Piconet ( A
collection of devices connected via Bluetooth technology
in an ad hoc fashion)
8. Cont.
• One is master, which controls and setup the network
• All devices operate on the same channel and follow
the same frequency hopping sequence
• Two or more piconet interconnected to form a
scatter net
• Only one master for each piconet
• A device can’t be masters for two piconets
• The slave of one piconet can be the master of
another piconet
9. Ad-hoc
• A network connection method which is most often
associated with wireless devices.
• The connection is established for the duration of one
session and requires no base station.
• Instead, devices discover others within range to form a
network for those computers.
• Devices may search for target nodes that are out of
range by flooding the network with broadcasts that are
forwarded by each node.
• Connections are possible over multiple nodes (multihop
ad hoc network).
• Routing protocols then provide stable connections even
if nodes are moving around
10. A piconet
• is an ad-hoc computer network of devices using
Bluetooth technology protocols to allow one master
device to interconnect with up to seven active slave
devices
• Up to 255 further slave devices can be inactive, or
parked, which the master device can bring into active
status at any time.
11. A Typical Bluetooth Network Piconet
• Master sends its globally unique 48-bit id and
clock
o Hopping pattern is determined by the 48-bit device ID
o Phase is determined by the master’s clock
• Why at most 7 slaves?
o (because a three-bit MAC adress is used).
• Parked and standby nodes
o Parked devices can not actively participate in the piconet
but are known to the network and can be reactivated within
some milliseconds
o 8-bit for parked nodes
o No id for standby nodes
o Standby nodes do not participate in the piconet
12. Cont.
• The master for a piconet can join another piconet as a
slave; in this case, all communication within in the former
piconet will be suspended .
• When leaving a piconet, a slave notifies the master
about its absence for certain amount of time.
• Communication between different piconets takes place
by devices jumping back and forth between these nets
15. How Does It Work?
• Bluetooth is a standard
for tiny, radio frequency
chips that can be plugged
into your devices
• The information is then transmitted to your device
• These chips were designed to
take all of the information that
your wires normally send, and
transmit it at a special
frequency to something
called a receiver
Bluetooth chip.
17. SPECIFICATIONS
• Bluetooth specifications are divided into two:
o Core Specifications
This bluetooth specification contains the Bluetooth Radio
Specification as well as the Baseband, Link Manager, L2CAP,
Service Discovery, RFCOMM and other specifications.
18. SPECIFICATIONS
o Application Specifications
• These specifications include the following
• Profiles Cordless Telephony
• Serial Port
• Headset
• Intercom
• Dialup Networking
• Fax
• File Transfer
• Service Discovery Application
• Generic Access
19. Power Management Benefits
• Cable Replacement
o Replace the cables for peripheral devices
• Ease of file sharing
o Panel discussion, conference, etc.
• Wireless synchronization
o Synchronize personal information contained in the
address books and date books between different
devices such as PDAs, cell phones, etc.
• Bridging of networks
o Cell phone connects to the network through dial-up
connection while connecting to a laptop with Bluetooth.
20. Bluetooth Devices
• Telephones
• Headsets
• Computers
• Cameras
• PDAs
• Cars
• Etc …
Bluetooth will soon be enabled in
everything from:
29. Security of Bluetooth
• Bluetooth provides three security services
o Authentication – identity verification of communicating
devices
o Confidentiality – against information compromise
o Authorization – access right of resources/services
30. Advantages (+)
• Wireless (No Cables)
• No Setup Needed
• Low Power Consumption (1 Milliwat)
• Industry Wide Support
31. Disadvantages (-)
• Short range (10 meters)
• Small throughput rates
- Data Rate 1.0 Mbps
• Mostly for personal use (PANs)
• Fairly Expensive
32. Bluetooth’s Future
•The future of this technology becoming a standard is likely
•With a strong industry pushing behind it, success is inevitable.
•Often, with new technology, early changes mean
reconstruction. Not With Bluetooth, instead, there will be
an improvement to the existing standard.
•Bluetooth will soon be known as Bluetooth 2.2 as they are trying to
develop the product to better fulfill the needs of consumers
