This document discusses chest x-ray interpretation and provides guidance on evaluating x-rays. It explains that tissue density determines how an x-ray beam penetrates, with denser tissues appearing whiter and less dense tissues appearing blacker. It also outlines different chest x-ray views and factors to consider like patient orientation, age, gender, and rotation. Abnormalities are described as appearing too white, too black, too large, or in the wrong place. The document stresses a systematic approach of identifying, localizing, describing lesions, and providing differential diagnoses.

1. Chest x- ray interpretation Dr. Maha Yousif Lecturer of Chest Diseases, Egypt

3. Differential Absorption Penetration of the x-ray beam is dependent on tissue density Denser object = Less beam striking the film (more absorption) = whiter Less dense = More beam striking the film = blacker

4. Glass Test Tube Air Fat Water Bone + Water Metal

5. Orientation Film label Aortic knuckle Waist of the heart Gas bubbles of the stomach

7. Chest X ray views Chest Radiograph PA AP Lateral

11. Postro-anterior Antero-posterior

12. Penetration

13. Child or adult ? Child Adult

14. Male or female ? ♂ ♀

17. Centralized or rotated ?

18. Rotation (continued)

25. A B C Heart size - Cardiothoracic Ratio A+B / C

26. Normal Heart (shape)

28. Radiological lung zones Upper Middle Lower

29. Chest X ray abnormalities Too white Too black Too large In the wrong place

30. Never stop looking, carry on with your systematic approach!! Identify the lesion -> localise the lesion -> describe the lesion -> give DD

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