This document provides an overview of normal and abnormal breath sounds for medical professionals. It defines normal breath sounds and rates before describing signs of abnormal breathing. Common auscultation points are identified and 9 different breath sounds are played to test identification skills. The breath sounds include normal, wheezing, wheezing with crackles, rales, subcutaneous emphysema, rhonci, stridor, grunting, and crepitus. Each breath sound is defined and its typical pathology is explained. In summary, breath sounds originate from different areas of the respiratory tract and provide clues to pulmonary conditions.
Instruments orthopaedics for mbbs studentsTONY SCARIA
plates
screws
cortical
cancellous
shanz pin plates
screws
cortical
cancellous
shanz pin
derhums pin
k wire
k nail
Radius square nail
DCP
dynamic hip screw
ulna square nail
prosthesis
derhums pin
k wire
k nail
Instruments orthopaedics for mbbs studentsTONY SCARIA
plates
screws
cortical
cancellous
shanz pin plates
screws
cortical
cancellous
shanz pin
derhums pin
k wire
k nail
Radius square nail
DCP
dynamic hip screw
ulna square nail
prosthesis
derhums pin
k wire
k nail
Perplexity of Index Models over Evolving Linked Data Thomas Gottron
ESWC presentation on the stability of 12 different index models for linked data. Provides a formalisation of the index models as well as stability evaluation based on data distributions and information theoretic metrics.
A wide range of business managers, HR professionals, and consultants share great ideas, tips and strategies to find, keep and manage employees. Visit: http://hrwisdom.com.au
IOSR journal of VLSI and Signal Processing (IOSRJVSP) is an open access journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of VLSI Design & Signal Processing. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia and industry to focus on advanced VLSI Design & Signal Processing concepts and establishing new collaborations in these areas.
how to examine sick baby , approach to child medical examination , diagnosis of sick child , evaluation of sick baby , medical examination of children , child medical history and examination , care of children
Child Healthcare: Lower respiratory tract conditionsSaide OER Africa
Child Healthcare addresses all the common and important clinical problems in children, including:immunisation history and examination growth and nutrition acute and chronic infections parasites skin conditions difficulties in the home and society.
We understand the unique challenges pickleball players face and are committed to helping you stay healthy and active. In this presentation, we’ll explore the three most common pickleball injuries and provide strategies for prevention and treatment.
Telehealth Psychology Building Trust with Clients.pptxThe Harvest Clinic
Telehealth psychology is a digital approach that offers psychological services and mental health care to clients remotely, using technologies like video conferencing, phone calls, text messaging, and mobile apps for communication.
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V PREVENTIVE-PEDIATRICS.pdfSachin Sharma
This content provides an overview of preventive pediatrics. It defines preventive pediatrics as preventing disease and promoting children's physical, mental, and social well-being to achieve positive health. It discusses antenatal, postnatal, and social preventive pediatrics. It also covers various child health programs like immunization, breastfeeding, ICDS, and the roles of organizations like WHO, UNICEF, and nurses in preventive pediatrics.
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V - ROLE OF PEADIATRIC NURSE.pdfSachin Sharma
Pediatric nurses play a vital role in the health and well-being of children. Their responsibilities are wide-ranging, and their objectives can be categorized into several key areas:
1. Direct Patient Care:
Objective: Provide comprehensive and compassionate care to infants, children, and adolescents in various healthcare settings (hospitals, clinics, etc.).
This includes tasks like:
Monitoring vital signs and physical condition.
Administering medications and treatments.
Performing procedures as directed by doctors.
Assisting with daily living activities (bathing, feeding).
Providing emotional support and pain management.
2. Health Promotion and Education:
Objective: Promote healthy behaviors and educate children, families, and communities about preventive healthcare.
This includes tasks like:
Administering vaccinations.
Providing education on nutrition, hygiene, and development.
Offering breastfeeding and childbirth support.
Counseling families on safety and injury prevention.
3. Collaboration and Advocacy:
Objective: Collaborate effectively with doctors, social workers, therapists, and other healthcare professionals to ensure coordinated care for children.
Objective: Advocate for the rights and best interests of their patients, especially when children cannot speak for themselves.
This includes tasks like:
Communicating effectively with healthcare teams.
Identifying and addressing potential risks to child welfare.
Educating families about their child's condition and treatment options.
4. Professional Development and Research:
Objective: Stay up-to-date on the latest advancements in pediatric healthcare through continuing education and research.
Objective: Contribute to improving the quality of care for children by participating in research initiatives.
This includes tasks like:
Attending workshops and conferences on pediatric nursing.
Participating in clinical trials related to child health.
Implementing evidence-based practices into their daily routines.
By fulfilling these objectives, pediatric nurses play a crucial role in ensuring the optimal health and well-being of children throughout all stages of their development.
Leading the Way in Nephrology: Dr. David Greene's Work with Stem Cells for Ki...Dr. David Greene Arizona
As we watch Dr. Greene's continued efforts and research in Arizona, it's clear that stem cell therapy holds a promising key to unlocking new doors in the treatment of kidney disease. With each study and trial, we step closer to a world where kidney disease is no longer a life sentence but a treatable condition, thanks to pioneers like Dr. David Greene.
Medical Technology Tackles New Health Care Demand - Research Report - March 2...pchutichetpong
M Capital Group (“MCG”) predicts that with, against, despite, and even without the global pandemic, the medical technology (MedTech) industry shows signs of continuous healthy growth, driven by smaller, faster, and cheaper devices, growing demand for home-based applications, technological innovation, strategic acquisitions, investments, and SPAC listings. MCG predicts that this should reflects itself in annual growth of over 6%, well beyond 2028.
According to Chris Mouchabhani, Managing Partner at M Capital Group, “Despite all economic scenarios that one may consider, beyond overall economic shocks, medical technology should remain one of the most promising and robust sectors over the short to medium term and well beyond 2028.”
There is a movement towards home-based care for the elderly, next generation scanning and MRI devices, wearable technology, artificial intelligence incorporation, and online connectivity. Experts also see a focus on predictive, preventive, personalized, participatory, and precision medicine, with rising levels of integration of home care and technological innovation.
The average cost of treatment has been rising across the board, creating additional financial burdens to governments, healthcare providers and insurance companies. According to MCG, cost-per-inpatient-stay in the United States alone rose on average annually by over 13% between 2014 to 2021, leading MedTech to focus research efforts on optimized medical equipment at lower price points, whilst emphasizing portability and ease of use. Namely, 46% of the 1,008 medical technology companies in the 2021 MedTech Innovator (“MTI”) database are focusing on prevention, wellness, detection, or diagnosis, signaling a clear push for preventive care to also tackle costs.
In addition, there has also been a lasting impact on consumer and medical demand for home care, supported by the pandemic. Lockdowns, closure of care facilities, and healthcare systems subjected to capacity pressure, accelerated demand away from traditional inpatient care. Now, outpatient care solutions are driving industry production, with nearly 70% of recent diagnostics start-up companies producing products in areas such as ambulatory clinics, at-home care, and self-administered diagnostics.
Welcome to Secret Tantric, London’s finest VIP Massage agency. Since we first opened our doors, we have provided the ultimate erotic massage experience to innumerable clients, each one searching for the very best sensual massage in London. We come by this reputation honestly with a dynamic team of the city’s most beautiful masseuses.
R3 Stem Cells and Kidney Repair A New Horizon in Nephrology.pptxR3 Stem Cell
R3 Stem Cells and Kidney Repair: A New Horizon in Nephrology" explores groundbreaking advancements in the use of R3 stem cells for kidney disease treatment. This insightful piece delves into the potential of these cells to regenerate damaged kidney tissue, offering new hope for patients and reshaping the future of nephrology.
2. Overview
• Intended to review and familiarize you with
commonly heard breath sounds encountered
in the field.
• How many of you were taught breath
sounds, but never had an audio or clinical
opportunity to validate cognitive
objectives?
4. Characteristics of Normal Breathing
• Normal rate and depth
• Regular inhalation and exhalation pattern
• Audible on each side of chest
• Equal rise and fall of each side
• Movement of the abdomen
5. Normal Respirations Rates
• Adult – Over 8 Years Old
– 12 to 20 rpm
• Child – 1 to 8 Years Old
– 15 to 30 rpm
• Infant – Birth to 1 Year Old
– 25 to 50 rpm
6. Sign of Abnormal Breathing
• Rate slower than 8 per minute or faster than 24 per
minute
• Muscle retractions above clavicles, between ribs
and below rib cage (especially in children)
• Pale or cyanotic skin
• Shallow or irregular
• Pursed lips
• Nasal flaring
7. Auscultation Points
• Anterior and Posterior of Patient
– Apices– under the clavicular line midpoint
– Mid-axillary lines (armpit at nipple line)
– Bases – lower border of rib cage
8.
9. Breath Sounds
• Practice run!
• How many can you identify?
• Take out a pen and paper …
• Make a list numbered 1 to 9 …
• Are you ready?
10. Breath Sound # 1
Listen Carefully &
Write Down What You Think It Is
11. Breath Sound # 2
Listen Carefully &
Write Down What You Think It Is
12. Breath Sound # 3
Listen Carefully &
Write Down What You Think It Is
13. Breath Sound # 4
Listen Carefully &
Write Down What You Think It Is
14. Breath Sound # 5
Listen Carefully &
Write Down What You Think It Is
15. Breath Sound # 6
Listen Carefully &
Write Down What You Think It Is
16. Breath Sound # 7
Listen Carefully &
Write Down What You Think It Is
17. Breath Sound # 8
Listen Carefully &
Write Down What You Think It Is
18. Breath Sound # 9
Listen Very Carefully &
Write Down What You Think It Is
19. Answer Key
Number 1 is….
• Normal. (soft and low pitched)
• Regular inhalation and exhalation
• Rate is 20-24
• If we could see this patient, there would be equal
rise and fall and movement of the abdomen
20. Number 2 is…
• Expiratory wheezing
• Wheezing is described as a whistling or
sighing sound during exhalation
22. Number 3 is…
• Expiratory wheezing with
inspiratory crackles (Coarse
Rales)
23. Number 4 is….
• Rales (medium with no
expiratory wheeze)
• Due to presence of fluid in smaller airways
– Bronchioles
• Rales can be heard on inspiration and exhalation
• Rales are also referred to as “crackles”
• Rales are coarse,medium or fine
24. Rales Pathology
• Initially occurs in the lower lobes, but can advance
to upper areas (in the alveoli, but below
bronchioles)
• Pulmonary Edema
• CHF
• Near drowning
• Toxic inhalation
• Advanced COPD
• Others
25. Number 5 is….
• Subcutaneous emphysema
• SCE is the presence of air in soft tissues around
upper chest and neck
• It is often felt and heard during examination of the
upper chest and lower neck while palpating and
auscultating.
• It is often described as “rice crispies”
26. Subcutaneous Emphysema
Pathology
• SCE is usually seen in chest trauma
– Flail chest
– Tracheal tears
– Penetrating chest and neck trauma
– Others (spontaneous pneumo, missed ET and
crichs)
27. Number 6 is…
• Rhonci
• Coarse breath sounds heard in patients with
chronic mucus in the upper airway (bronchi)
• Rhonci is most pronounced during expiration
• Low pitched rhonci occur in the larger bronchi and
occur early in expiration, while high pitched occur
in the terminal bronchi and are late in expiration
28. Rhonci Pathology
• Rhonci commonly occur in both acute and
chronic bronchitis and bronchiolitis
• Can occur in bronchial asthma patients
29. Number 7 is…
• Stridor
• On inspiration is a high pitched brassy
sound
• ..and a forceful expiration creates a barking
cough
• Often referred to as a “seal like” bark
30. Stridor Pathology
• Laryngeal edema from croup or epiglottitis
– Croup is laryngealtracheobronchitis
– Epiglottitis is inflammation of the epiglottis
• Stridor is more pronounced in children because of
smaller airways
• Others
– Toxic inhalation
– Cancer
– Foreign body obstruction
31. Number 8 is…
• Pediatric Grunting
• Grunting is a sound that occurs primarily in
neonates when the infant exhales air against a
partially closed epiglottis.
• Grunting is a natural function which generates
back pressure to keep smaller airways open.
32. Grunting Pathology
• Occurs because of underdeveloped
accessory muscles
• Grunting occurs in all infant with
respiratory distress, flu or infections
33. Number 9 is…
• A Bonus…..
• It is Crepitus from rib fracture
• Grating of the bone ends as they move back
and forth against each other on inspiration
and expiration
36. • Use history along with pulmonary
assessment to advise your Medical Control
and treat patient.
• Most on-line docs want to know if patient is
wet or dry and where.