This document summarizes several bacterial diseases: Tuberculosis is caused by two types of bacteria and spreads through coughing or sneezing. It is diagnosed using tuberculin tests and treated with long-term antibiotic therapy. Diphtheria is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae toxin and infects the respiratory tract, forming a membrane that can block breathing. It is prevented by the DTP vaccine. Pneumonia infects the lungs when bacteria are inhaled and is treated with antibiotics like penicillin. Leprosy is a chronic disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae that spreads through direct contact and is treated.

1. BACTERIAL DISEASES
SUBMITTED BY
ANULEKSHMI
NATURAL SCIENCE

2. TUBERCULOSIS(TB)
 TB is caused by two types of bacteria
mycobacterium tuberculosis and M.bovis
 The bacteria are spread from persons to
persons as aerosolised droplets produced
when the affected persons coughs or sneezes
 The form of TB caused by M.bovis also occurs
in cattle and spread to humans in meat and
milk

3. Diagnosis
 Diagnosis is by the tuberculin or mantoxu test
 Where a purified protein derivative from the
bacterium is injected in to the skin of the
suspected patients.
 Development of a red ,raised around the
area of injection indicates an infection

5. treatment
 Treatment is by multidrug antibiotic therapy,
which has to be continued for a long time
until the bacteria are completely eliminated
 Infection can be prevented by vaccination
with BCG(Bacilli Chalmette Guerrin)

6. DIPHTHERIA
 Diphtheria is a disease of the upper
respiratory tract , caused by the toxin
produced by the bacterium corynebacterium
diphtheria

7. pathogenesis
 The bacterium infects its victim when the person
inhales contaminated respiratory droplets from
an infected person and rapidly colonies the
upper regions of the respiratory tract
 It produces an exotoxin that inhabits protein
synthesis in the epithelial cells killing them
 As dead tissues accumulate the toxins mixes
with the mucus secretion ,white blood cells and
the colonies of bacteria forming a thick leathery
greyish black membrane like material blocking
the respiratory tract

9. treatment
 : vaccination against diphtheria has to be
taken at infancy using the DTP vaccine

10. pneumonia
 Pneumonia is an infectious disease of the
lower respiratory tract in the bronchial tubes
of the lungs

12. Mode of infection and treatment
 Infection is acquired when a person inhales
or comes in to contact with aerosolic droplets
droplets from infected peoples
 Treatment is administration of antibiotics
such as penicillin, tetracycline and
chloramphenicol

13. LEPROSY
 IT is a chronic contact communicable disease
caused by Mycobacterium leprae
 It spread through direct contact with infected
people or their clothing or through
aerosolised respiratory discharges from
infected peoples

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