The document discusses key topics from the Human Genome Project including: - The genomes of all humans are over 99% identical regardless of race or gender. - The HGP mapped and sequenced all the genes on the 46 human chromosomes. - Before the HGP, genetic linkage maps were used to determine relative gene locations on chromosomes. - The HGP provided complete gene maps for all chromosomes.

1. Week 27 Ch. 13.3 pg 349
The Human Genome
Our chromosomes are 99% the same!
No matter the race
No matter the gender

2. Human Genome Project (HGP)
 The effort to map and
sequence the 20,000
– 25,000 genes on
the 46 human Each chromosome has
chromosomes had every gene mapped!
Here’s the gene map for
chromosome 3….
This is a karyotype

3. linkage map
Genetic map that shows
the relative locations
of genes on a
chromosome
Before the Human
Genome Project, we
used pedigrees to
figure out where
genes were located.

4. Genetic marker
 A sequence of
DNA with
known location
on a
chromosome
 Traits inherited Crossing over
together most happens during
often are interphase
closest
together on a
chromosome

5. gene therapy
 The insertion of
normal genes into
human cells to
correct genetic
disorders

6. DNA fingerprinting
 Process using non-coding sections of DNA
to identify persons
Which came
from the
same
person?

7. Vaccine /
vaccination
 Method to
strengthen a
person’s immune
system against
disease

8. And now da quiz

9.  The insertion of
normal genes into
human cells to
correct genetic
disorders

11.  The means by which
DNA can be transferred
into the desired
organism, including
viruses and plasmids

12.  Organisms that
have recombinant
DNA from a
different genus, or
even different
kingdom by means
of genetic
engineering GloFish: the first genetically
modified animal to be sold as a
 One type of GMO pet

13.  Bacterial proteins
that have the
ability to cut both
strands of a DNA
molecule at a
specific nucleotide
sequence

14.  A cross of an individual of unknown genotype with an
individual of known (usually homozygous recessive)
genotype for the trait in question

15. Genetic map that shows
the relative locations
of genes on a
chromosome
Before the Human
Genome Project, we
used pedigrees to
figure out where
genes were located.

16.  A sequence of
DNA with
known location
on a
chromosome
 Traits inherited Crossing over
together most happens during
often are interphase
closest
together on a
chromosome

17.  A, T, G, C – rungs of the
DNA double helix
 Three code for an amino
acid
 40 or more amino acids
are called a protein
 It’s the order of these that
control traits

18.  A small ring of
DNA found in a
bacterial cell,
has different
genes from the
chromosomal
DNA

19.  Genetically
identical copies
Snuppy (right), the first successfully
cloned dog, is shown at 67 days after
birth with Tai, the three-year-old Afghan
hound whose skin cells were used to
clone him. South Korean scientists at
Seoul National University performed the
cloning procedure, and Snuppy was born
on April 24, 2005

20.  Process that separates DNA fragments of
different sizes
Click here to see!!!!

21. The term is synonymous with "Artificial selection"
 Selecting and mating organisms with desired traits of the SAME
SPECIES to produce offspring that also possess desired traits
 high crop yields, resistance to disease, high growth rate,
featherless chickens
 used by Darwin as a springboard to introduce the theory of
natural selection, and to support it.

22.  Mating individuals of the SAME SPECIES
that are closely related, resulting in offspring
that are homozygous for most traits
aa AA
Results in more recessive traits being expressed

23.  An organism whose parents have different
forms of a trait, heterozygous, carrier

24.  cutting DNA from one
organism and inserting it
into another organism of
the same or different
species,
 creates a genetically
modified organism (GMO)

25.  DNA made by
connecting or
recombining
fragments of DNA
from different
organisms

26.  Process using non-coding sections of DNA
to identify persons
Which came
from the
same
person?

27.  The effort to map and
sequence the 20,000
– 25,000 genes on
the 46 human Each chromosome has
chromosomes had every gene mapped!
Here’s the gene map for
chromosome 3….
This is a karyotype

28.  Method to
strengthen a
person’s immune
system against
disease