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B22 ppt genetic changes
1. Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence that can occur due to errors in DNA replication, transcription, cell division, or exposure to mutagens. 2. There are several types of mutations including point mutations, frameshift mutations, and chromosomal mutations. 3. Cancer and other diseases can be caused by mutations that change genes controlling the cell cycle.
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B22 ppt genetic changes
- 1. Week 22 GeneticChanges Ch. 11.3 pg 296
- 2. Mutation Changes in theDNA sequence A piece of A piece of a chromosome A broken piece attaches chromosome breaks off and reattaches to a nonhomologous breaks off and is lost. in reverse order. chromosome.
- 3. cancer Diseases believed tobe caused by changes in the genes that control the cell cycle See pg 211
- 4. 4 Mutations mayoccur during • DNA replication (during interphase) • Transcription (making mRNA) • cell division (mitosis), or • Exposure to external agents (mutagens)
- 5. Point mutation Change ina single base pair in DNA, affects only one codon
- 6. frameshift mutation When asingle base is added or deleted from DNA, changes all following codons
- 7. Chromosomal _____________ mutation Whensections of chromosomes break and rejoin incorrectly or not at all A piece of A piece of a chromosome A broken piece attaches chromosome breaks off and reattaches to a nonhomologous breaks off and is lost. in reverse order. chromosome.
- 8. Mutagen Any thing thatmay cause a change in the genetic code in DNA
- 9. 3 causes ofmutagens • Radiation • Chemical, and • High temperature
- 10. And now thequiz
- 11. 1 _____________ mutation Whensections of chromosomes break and rejoin incorrectly or not at all A piece of A piece of a chromosome A broken piece attaches chromosome breaks off and reattaches to a nonhomologous breaks off and is lost. in reverse order. chromosome.
- 12. 2 __________ Any thingthat may cause a change in the genetic code in DNA
- 13. 3 ________, ________ Twocauses of mutations
- 14. 4 ________ Diseases believedto be caused by changes in the genes that control the cell cycle See pg 211
- 15. 5 ________ mutation Changein a single base pair in DNA, affects only one codon
- 16. 6 _________ Changes inthe DNA sequence A piece of A piece of a chromosome A broken piece attaches chromosome breaks off and reattaches to a nonhomologous breaks off and is lost. in reverse order. chromosome.
- 17. 7 ___________ mutation Whena single base is added or deleted from DNA, changing all following codons
- 18. 8) When domutations happen? 2 examples • errors in ___________ of DNA • ___________ (making mRNA) • cell division, or • external agents (mutagens)
- 19. 9 ______ RNA •Supplies amino acids to the ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
- 20. 10 ___________ • Theassembly line for producing proteins, bonds amino acids together
- 21. 11 ____________ When enzymesmake an mRNA copy of a section of DNA (gene) RNA gene
- 22. Sections of genethat are expressed 12 _____________ Sections of a gene that are NOT expressed Introns Not expressed expressed
- 23. 13_______________ proposedthat DNA is composed of two strands twisted together in a helix double ____.
- 24. 14 _________ The two kinds of nucleic acids, DNA and RNA are made of these They consist of 3 molecules bonded together a phosphate group a sugar, and a nitrogenous base
- 25. codon / base/ amino acid base • A group of three nitrogenous _____s in amino a gene that code for an ______ acid is 15 called a ______
- 26. protein Amino 16 _________ acid tRNA rRNA A process which converts mRNA into a protein mRNA
- 27.