This document defines attention, concentration, and their importance in sports. It discusses how attention and concentration allow an athlete to focus on relevant cues and actions under their control. The document outlines different types of concentration, principles of attention, factors that influence attention like information processing and memory systems, and how to measure and improve attentional focus through attention control training and the use of associative or dissociative styles. Barriers to concentration like anxiety, mistakes, and negative thoughts are also discussed.

1. ATTENTION AND
CONCENTRATION IN
SPORTS
By
Khalid Zaman

2. Focus: Define as the central point of
one’s attention
Attention: simply what an individual is
observing
Concentration: The ability to perform
with a clear and present focus.

3. Definition
According to William james (1890)
Attention is taken possession by
mind, in clear and vivid form, of one
out of what seems several
simultaneously possible objects of
thought.(focus on internal as well
as external thought)

4. Definition
Concentration is the ability
to maintain focus on
relevantly cues.

5. Types of Concentration
Internal
External
Broad
Narrow

6. Principals of Attention
1.Concentration reacquires mental
effort.
2.One can focus only one thought
at a time.
3.Athlete are focused when they
concentrate an actions that are
specific, relevant and under their
control.

7. Principals of Attention
4.Anxity disrupts concentration
by inducing negative self
evaluation.
5.Their is no difference
between what athletes is
thinking and doing.

8. Factors Influencing
Attention

9. INFORMATION PROCESSING
Processing of information's
through five senses and
then appropriate response
i.e., S-R Process

10. MEMORY SYSTEM
Sensory
Short term
Long term

11. Measuring information
Measurement of stored or
received informations.
Possible or not

12. SELECTIVE ATTENTION
Make selections through
different available choices

13. LIMITED INFORMATION
PROCESSING CAPACITY
 Depends on individualsDepends on individuals
 Every individual hasEvery individual has
different capacitydifferent capacity

14. ATTENTION
NARROWING/FIXING
 Fixing of attention byFixing of attention by
selecting appropriateselecting appropriate
choice and delete thechoice and delete the
irrelevantirrelevant

15. Factors that affect Attention
Narrowing/Fixing
 Cue Utilization: Relevant
 Arousal: It may be low, optimum or
High
 Destructibility: Losses of attention
 Peripheral scanning : Judgment
 Attention flexibility: Rapid Decision
 Cognitive interference: To think

16. Zone and Flow
 ZoneZone: Fit and skill full to play (Fit both: Fit and skill full to play (Fit both
mentally and physically). Consistency inmentally and physically). Consistency in
performanceperformance
 Flow: Not for the sake of earnings, justFlow: Not for the sake of earnings, just
for enjoymentfor enjoyment

17. MEASURING ATTENTIONAL
FOCUS
Measurement by coach or selectiveMeasurement by coach or selective
committeecommittee
1.Behavioral assessment of attention is
made (Body language)
2.Level of arousal increases the individual
attention focus narrowing and measuring
3.Self report method/Case history

18. ATTENTION CONTROL
TRAINING
1. Self control.
2. Control due to crowd.
3. Thoughts stopping and centering.
4. Self talks. positive

19. 1. Changing of negative thought by
positive one.
2. Internal attention.
3. Focus thoughts on performance and to
achieve goal.
4. Avoid time wasting.
Steps of Self Talks

20. Associative Style: Internal focus on
performance
Dissociative Style: External focus on
performance (Environmental)
ASSOCAITED VS DESOCIATED
STYLE OF CONCENTRATION

21. BARRIERS TO
COCENTRATION
1. Anxiety
2. Mistakes
3. Fatigue
4. Weather
5. Public announcements
6. Coach/manager
7. Opponent
8. Negative thoughts