1. Asava and Arishta are traditional Ayurvedic liquid fermented medicines made by soaking herbs in a solution of sugar or jaggery in an earthen pot for 1-3 months to undergo fermentation.
2. The key difference is that Arishta is prepared from a decoction of dried herbs while Asava uses fresh dried herbs.
3. The fermentation process is initiated by the addition of flowers from the Woodfordia fruticosa plant and produces medicines that are moderately alcoholic and sweet with slight acidity and aroma.
This document discusses several Ayurvedic herbal preparations called arishtas. It provides details on the manufacturing process for Arjunarishta and its evaluation. It also provides information on other arishtas including Jirakdyarishta, Abhayarishta, including their ingredients, indications, dosages and packaging. Arishtas are unique Ayurvedic liquid herbal formulations that contain self-generated alcohol content and herbal extracts soluble in both water and alcohol. They are used to treat various conditions.
03 b. Preparation and Standardization of Ayurvedic Formulationphcognosy
This document discusses various Ayurvedic dosage forms and how they are standardized. It begins by categorizing Ayurvedic dosage forms into solid, semi-solid, liquid and powder forms. Examples of specific forms are provided like Asavas, Aristas, Vati, Gutika, Churna, Avaleha and Bhasmas. The document then describes the methods of preparation, characteristics and preservation of these various forms. It emphasizes the importance of standardizing both raw materials and manufacturing processes for Ayurvedic medicines. Parameters for standardizing extraction methods, solid dosages, semi-solids and finished products are outlined. The goal of standardization is to ensure safety, quality, and efficacy of Ayur
Preparation of Aristas and Standerdization of Ayurvedic dosage forms.ppt by D...SrinivasUmmanabad
This document discusses the preparation and standardization of Ayurvedic dosage forms. It describes the processes for making arishtas and asavas, including soaking drugs in sugar or jaggery to facilitate extraction through fermentation. The key steps are maintaining temperature during fermentation and straining the fluid afterwards. Standardization parameters are also outlined, such as loss on drying, ash values, extractive values, and assays for various elements, alkaloids, and consistency tests for pills and tablets. The overall purpose is to ensure quality and consistency of Ayurvedic formulations.
Herbal Drug Technology In Ayurvedic Medicines RAHUL PAL
This document provides information on various herbal drug formulations used in Ayurvedic medicine. It begins with background on Ayurveda, describing it as one of the oldest medical systems originating in India around 900 BC. The document then discusses several common Ayurvedic formulations including arishtas and asavas, which are herbal extracts fermented with sugar, tailas which are herbal oils, ghutikas or pills, churnas or powders, lehas or semi-solid pastes, and bhasmas or calcined metals/minerals. For each type of formulation, it provides details on ingredients, method of preparation, characteristics, and examples. The document aims to describe the technology involved in
This document discusses Bhasma, a calcined Ayurvedic preparation, and the process of Bhasmikaran used to make metals and minerals biocompatible and enhance their therapeutic effects. The key steps in Bhasmikaran include purification (Shodhan), powdering (Maran), stirring (Chalan), washing (Dhavan), filtering (Galan), heating (Puttan), triturating (Mardan), coating with herbs (Bhavan), detoxification (Amrutikaran), and preservation (Sandharan). Mercury is commonly used in Maran due to its ability to amalgamate metals, while plants may serve as catalysts. Proper Bhas
Asava and Aristha are herbal medicinal preparations made by soaking herbs in a solution of sugar or jaggery for a specified period of time. This allows alcohol to be generated through fermentation, which also acts as a preservative. The two differ in their method of preparation, with Aristha involving making a kasaya or decoction of herbs before adding the sugar solution, while Asava involves directly adding powdered herbs to the sugar solution. Both follow similar fermentation and filtration processes and should have characteristics of being clear, non-frothy liquids with an aromatic alcoholic odor when completed. Examples of some common Asava and Aristha preparations are provided.
This document discusses the standardization of Ayurvedic formulations. It explains that standardization involves quantifying the purity, quality, identity and constituents of drugs and formulations. For churnas (powders), both Ayurvedic and modern parameters are used for standardization, including organoleptic evaluation, microscopy, physical analysis, phytochemical analysis, and testing for contaminants. Similar parameters are discussed for standardizing other formulations like asavas, arishtas, avalehas, vatis, gutikas, tailas, ghritas and arka. Shelf life testing is also important for ensuring formulations remain within approved specifications when stored properly.
1. Asava and Arishta are traditional Ayurvedic liquid fermented medicines made by soaking herbs in a solution of sugar or jaggery in an earthen pot for 1-3 months to undergo fermentation.
2. The key difference is that Arishta is prepared from a decoction of dried herbs while Asava uses fresh dried herbs.
3. The fermentation process is initiated by the addition of flowers from the Woodfordia fruticosa plant and produces medicines that are moderately alcoholic and sweet with slight acidity and aroma.
This document discusses several Ayurvedic herbal preparations called arishtas. It provides details on the manufacturing process for Arjunarishta and its evaluation. It also provides information on other arishtas including Jirakdyarishta, Abhayarishta, including their ingredients, indications, dosages and packaging. Arishtas are unique Ayurvedic liquid herbal formulations that contain self-generated alcohol content and herbal extracts soluble in both water and alcohol. They are used to treat various conditions.
03 b. Preparation and Standardization of Ayurvedic Formulationphcognosy
This document discusses various Ayurvedic dosage forms and how they are standardized. It begins by categorizing Ayurvedic dosage forms into solid, semi-solid, liquid and powder forms. Examples of specific forms are provided like Asavas, Aristas, Vati, Gutika, Churna, Avaleha and Bhasmas. The document then describes the methods of preparation, characteristics and preservation of these various forms. It emphasizes the importance of standardizing both raw materials and manufacturing processes for Ayurvedic medicines. Parameters for standardizing extraction methods, solid dosages, semi-solids and finished products are outlined. The goal of standardization is to ensure safety, quality, and efficacy of Ayur
Preparation of Aristas and Standerdization of Ayurvedic dosage forms.ppt by D...SrinivasUmmanabad
This document discusses the preparation and standardization of Ayurvedic dosage forms. It describes the processes for making arishtas and asavas, including soaking drugs in sugar or jaggery to facilitate extraction through fermentation. The key steps are maintaining temperature during fermentation and straining the fluid afterwards. Standardization parameters are also outlined, such as loss on drying, ash values, extractive values, and assays for various elements, alkaloids, and consistency tests for pills and tablets. The overall purpose is to ensure quality and consistency of Ayurvedic formulations.
Herbal Drug Technology In Ayurvedic Medicines RAHUL PAL
This document provides information on various herbal drug formulations used in Ayurvedic medicine. It begins with background on Ayurveda, describing it as one of the oldest medical systems originating in India around 900 BC. The document then discusses several common Ayurvedic formulations including arishtas and asavas, which are herbal extracts fermented with sugar, tailas which are herbal oils, ghutikas or pills, churnas or powders, lehas or semi-solid pastes, and bhasmas or calcined metals/minerals. For each type of formulation, it provides details on ingredients, method of preparation, characteristics, and examples. The document aims to describe the technology involved in
This document discusses Bhasma, a calcined Ayurvedic preparation, and the process of Bhasmikaran used to make metals and minerals biocompatible and enhance their therapeutic effects. The key steps in Bhasmikaran include purification (Shodhan), powdering (Maran), stirring (Chalan), washing (Dhavan), filtering (Galan), heating (Puttan), triturating (Mardan), coating with herbs (Bhavan), detoxification (Amrutikaran), and preservation (Sandharan). Mercury is commonly used in Maran due to its ability to amalgamate metals, while plants may serve as catalysts. Proper Bhas
Asava and Aristha are herbal medicinal preparations made by soaking herbs in a solution of sugar or jaggery for a specified period of time. This allows alcohol to be generated through fermentation, which also acts as a preservative. The two differ in their method of preparation, with Aristha involving making a kasaya or decoction of herbs before adding the sugar solution, while Asava involves directly adding powdered herbs to the sugar solution. Both follow similar fermentation and filtration processes and should have characteristics of being clear, non-frothy liquids with an aromatic alcoholic odor when completed. Examples of some common Asava and Aristha preparations are provided.
This document discusses the standardization of Ayurvedic formulations. It explains that standardization involves quantifying the purity, quality, identity and constituents of drugs and formulations. For churnas (powders), both Ayurvedic and modern parameters are used for standardization, including organoleptic evaluation, microscopy, physical analysis, phytochemical analysis, and testing for contaminants. Similar parameters are discussed for standardizing other formulations like asavas, arishtas, avalehas, vatis, gutikas, tailas, ghritas and arka. Shelf life testing is also important for ensuring formulations remain within approved specifications when stored properly.
This document provides information on the isolation and analysis of several compounds:
1. Quinine is isolated from cinchona bark through extraction with benzene followed by crystallization. It is analyzed using thin layer chromatography.
2. Glycyrrhetinic acid is the active compound in liquorice root. It is isolated through chloroform extraction and acid hydrolysis, and analyzed with chemical tests and thin layer chromatography.
3. Rutin is isolated from eucalyptus leaves by boiling in water and recrystallization. It is analyzed using chemical tests and thin layer chromatography.
4. Podophyllotoxin, the active compound in mayapple, is extracted with methanol and benzene from
The document discusses various concepts and techniques used in phytochemistry including modern extraction methods like maceration, percolation, Soxhlet extraction and supercritical fluid extraction. It also covers isolation and purification techniques like fractional crystallization, distillation and sublimation. Methods of separation like paper chromatography, thin layer chromatography, gas chromatography and various spectroscopy techniques for identification are summarized.
This document provides information on the preparation of various Ayurvedic formulations including Asava, Arishta, Taila, Churna, and Bhasma. It describes the ingredients and processes used to make each type of formulation. Key points include:
- Asava and Arishta are herbal wines made by fermenting herbs in sugar or juice for several days.
- Taila involves mixing herbal pastes and juices with oils at different temperatures to extract active compounds.
- Churna involves grinding herbs into fine powders.
- Bhasma involves highly specialized processes including purification, grinding, and incineration to reduce metals and minerals to an ultra-fine ash
Bhasma is a calcinated in which the gem or metal is converted into ash after complete burning or incineration.
Gems or metals are first purified in order to remove impurities. Then they are triturated with herbal extracts the resultant mass is calcinated or burned to obtain the ashes.
Vibhuti (Sanskrit) and Thiruneeru (Tamil ) are synonymous used for Bhasma. Bhasmikaran is a process by which a substance which is otherwise bioincompatible is made biocompatible by certain samaskaras or processes.
Definition of drug interaction, potential of herb-drug interactions,significance of study of herb-drug interactions, reasons for their study, types according to ayurveda, effects & different ways of herb-drug interactions, their mechanism, hypericum, kava lava, ginkgo biloba, ginseng, garlic, pepper, ephedra.
The document outlines the regulatory framework for Ayurvedic, Siddha, and Unani (ASU) drugs in India. It discusses the need for drug regulations to ensure safety, quality and promote public health. Key regulatory bodies like the ASU Drugs Technical Advisory Board and Drugs Consultative Committees are described. Manufacturing of ASU drugs must follow good manufacturing practices and adhere to standards for hygienic facilities, equipment and record keeping. The sale of adulterated, misbranded or prohibited drugs is penalized under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act.
Regulations in India (ASU DTAB, ASU DCC), Regulation of
manufacture of ASU drugs - Schedule Z of Drugs & Cosmetics Act for ASU drugs.
Introduction
Regulatory Requirements
Key function of regulatory agencies
Regulation in India
DRUG TECHNICAL ADVISORY BOARD
Drugs Consultative committee-DCC
Schedule Z of Drugs & Cosmetics Act for ASU drugs.
This document discusses drugs used as digestants and carminatives. Digestants are substances that promote digestion by containing enzymes like pepsin, papain, pancreatin, and diastase. They are occasionally beneficial for people with deficient enzyme production, but their routine use is irrational. Carminatives are agents that promote the expulsion of gases from the gastrointestinal tract and provide a feeling of warmth. Common carminatives include sodium bicarbonate, peppermint oil, cardamom oil, dill oil, and ginger tincture. These drugs are used to treat dyspepsia, discomfort in the upper abdomen, gas formation, and feelings of fullness or burning.
This document discusses two categories of drugs - carminatives and digestants.
Carminatives are drugs that promote the expulsion of gases from the gastrointestinal tract and provide a feeling of warmth and comfort in the epigastrium. Commonly used carminatives include sodium bicarbonate, peppermint oil, cardamom tincture, dill oil, and ginger tincture.
Digestants are substances intended to promote digestion by supplying digestive enzymes. Examples include hydrochloric acid, pepsin, papain, pancreatin, and diastase. They may be beneficial in conditions where enzyme production is deficient but their routine use is generally not recommended. Side effects of digestants can
The document discusses the Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) guidelines for Ayurvedic, Siddha, and Unani medicines as specified in Schedule T of the Drugs and Cosmetics Rules. It covers various components of GMP including factory premises requirements, machinery and equipment, production areas, raw material and finished goods storage, worker hygiene, and documentation. The objective of GMP is to ensure quality control throughout the manufacturing process to produce medicines of acceptable standards.
The document discusses Bhasma, a unique Ayurvedic preparation where metals or minerals are treated with herbal juices or decoctions to make them into fine particles. There are three key steps to creating a Bhasma: Shodhana for purification, Bhavana involving wet grinding, and Marana which uses incineration to further reduce particle size. The Marana process, with repeated heating and cooling, converts the materials into a fine powder with desirable properties for therapeutic use. Properly prepared Bhasma has characteristics like being fine enough to enter finger crevices, floating on water, and not reversing back into its original form after preparation.
This presentation intends to introduce about ayurvedic tablets known as gutikas or vatis. The content is suitable for undergraduate pharmacy students and high school science learners. It focusses on preparation and standardization. This topic is part of herbal drug technology of B.Pharmacy PCI curriculum.
Herbs, Herbal Drugs
Present Scope of Herbal Drug Industry
Scope of Herbal Drug Medicine and Industry
Indian Herbal Industry
International Scope of Herbal Medicines
World Wide Herbal Trade
Overview on plant based industries and research institutions in India
List of few herbal drug industries in India
List of few herbal research institution/ centres in India
General Introduction to Herbal Industry
Herbal drugs industry: Present scope and future prospects.
A brief account of plant based industries and institutions involved in work on medicinal and
aromatic plants in India.
This document discusses herb-drug interactions, providing several examples. It notes that herbs are often taken with allopathic drugs with the belief they will provide benefits, but they can interact in ways that alter the kinetics and dynamics of both substances. Specifically, herbs may cause additive, synergistic, antagonistic or unidentified responses when taken with conventional drugs by changing absorption, distribution, metabolism, protein binding or excretion of the drugs. Several herbs are described that can interact through these pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic mechanisms, such as ginkgo decreasing alprazolam absorption or milk thistle upregulating liver enzymes. The document emphasizes the need to study herb-drug interactions due to lack of knowledge, quality control issues, and
This document discusses the Ayurvedic herbal formulation known as Lehya. Lehya is a semi-solid herbal medicine prepared using herbs, jaggery or sugar, and herbal decoctions or juices. It is similar to jam or paste. The document outlines the traditional method of preparing Lehya, which involves boiling the jaggery or sugar with herbal decoctions until thickened, then adding herbal powders and ghee or oil. Standardization parameters for Lehya are also listed, including organoleptic properties, physical characteristics, and analytical techniques. Lehya is an ancient Ayurvedic preparation that delivers herbal medicines in a semi-solid dosage form.
Preparation and Standardisation of Ayurvedic Dosage formsManjusha Kondepudi
Standardization of Asava&Arista, Churna, Bhasma, Avalehya and Gutika.
Importance of standardization of herbals
Standardization of herbal raw material, plant extract
Dr.Lavanya.S.A - standardization of herbal drugsDr.Lavanya .S.A
The document discusses the standardization of herbal drugs. It begins by introducing the growth of herbal medicine and the need for standardization. It then defines herbs, herbal drugs, and what standardization of herbal drugs refers to. The document outlines some of the key procedures for standardizing herbal drugs, including authentication, physical and chemical analysis, and microbiological and residue testing. It also discusses identifying crude drugs through systematic study, microscopic identification of features like stomata and veins, and various quantitative studies that can be done on crude drugs. Overall, the document provides an overview of the importance and processes involved in standardizing herbal medicines.
Ayurvedic herbal and herbo-mineral preparations are used to treat chronic diseases without side effects. Bhasmas are a unique Ayurvedic preparation made by purifying metals/minerals through processes like sodhana and marana, involving calcination. They are assessed through physical and chemical parameters to ensure safety and efficacy. Other Ayurvedic dosage forms discussed are churnas, tailas, lehyas, arishtas and asavas which are herbal formulations having distinct methods of preparation.
This presentation introduces basic concepts of asavas and arishtas and largely deals with their method of preparation. The content is made so as to cater to undergraduate students in pharmacy and basic science learners. This topic is in herbal drug technology of PCI curriculum
This document provides information on the isolation and analysis of several compounds:
1. Quinine is isolated from cinchona bark through extraction with benzene followed by crystallization. It is analyzed using thin layer chromatography.
2. Glycyrrhetinic acid is the active compound in liquorice root. It is isolated through chloroform extraction and acid hydrolysis, and analyzed with chemical tests and thin layer chromatography.
3. Rutin is isolated from eucalyptus leaves by boiling in water and recrystallization. It is analyzed using chemical tests and thin layer chromatography.
4. Podophyllotoxin, the active compound in mayapple, is extracted with methanol and benzene from
The document discusses various concepts and techniques used in phytochemistry including modern extraction methods like maceration, percolation, Soxhlet extraction and supercritical fluid extraction. It also covers isolation and purification techniques like fractional crystallization, distillation and sublimation. Methods of separation like paper chromatography, thin layer chromatography, gas chromatography and various spectroscopy techniques for identification are summarized.
This document provides information on the preparation of various Ayurvedic formulations including Asava, Arishta, Taila, Churna, and Bhasma. It describes the ingredients and processes used to make each type of formulation. Key points include:
- Asava and Arishta are herbal wines made by fermenting herbs in sugar or juice for several days.
- Taila involves mixing herbal pastes and juices with oils at different temperatures to extract active compounds.
- Churna involves grinding herbs into fine powders.
- Bhasma involves highly specialized processes including purification, grinding, and incineration to reduce metals and minerals to an ultra-fine ash
Bhasma is a calcinated in which the gem or metal is converted into ash after complete burning or incineration.
Gems or metals are first purified in order to remove impurities. Then they are triturated with herbal extracts the resultant mass is calcinated or burned to obtain the ashes.
Vibhuti (Sanskrit) and Thiruneeru (Tamil ) are synonymous used for Bhasma. Bhasmikaran is a process by which a substance which is otherwise bioincompatible is made biocompatible by certain samaskaras or processes.
Definition of drug interaction, potential of herb-drug interactions,significance of study of herb-drug interactions, reasons for their study, types according to ayurveda, effects & different ways of herb-drug interactions, their mechanism, hypericum, kava lava, ginkgo biloba, ginseng, garlic, pepper, ephedra.
The document outlines the regulatory framework for Ayurvedic, Siddha, and Unani (ASU) drugs in India. It discusses the need for drug regulations to ensure safety, quality and promote public health. Key regulatory bodies like the ASU Drugs Technical Advisory Board and Drugs Consultative Committees are described. Manufacturing of ASU drugs must follow good manufacturing practices and adhere to standards for hygienic facilities, equipment and record keeping. The sale of adulterated, misbranded or prohibited drugs is penalized under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act.
Regulations in India (ASU DTAB, ASU DCC), Regulation of
manufacture of ASU drugs - Schedule Z of Drugs & Cosmetics Act for ASU drugs.
Introduction
Regulatory Requirements
Key function of regulatory agencies
Regulation in India
DRUG TECHNICAL ADVISORY BOARD
Drugs Consultative committee-DCC
Schedule Z of Drugs & Cosmetics Act for ASU drugs.
This document discusses drugs used as digestants and carminatives. Digestants are substances that promote digestion by containing enzymes like pepsin, papain, pancreatin, and diastase. They are occasionally beneficial for people with deficient enzyme production, but their routine use is irrational. Carminatives are agents that promote the expulsion of gases from the gastrointestinal tract and provide a feeling of warmth. Common carminatives include sodium bicarbonate, peppermint oil, cardamom oil, dill oil, and ginger tincture. These drugs are used to treat dyspepsia, discomfort in the upper abdomen, gas formation, and feelings of fullness or burning.
This document discusses two categories of drugs - carminatives and digestants.
Carminatives are drugs that promote the expulsion of gases from the gastrointestinal tract and provide a feeling of warmth and comfort in the epigastrium. Commonly used carminatives include sodium bicarbonate, peppermint oil, cardamom tincture, dill oil, and ginger tincture.
Digestants are substances intended to promote digestion by supplying digestive enzymes. Examples include hydrochloric acid, pepsin, papain, pancreatin, and diastase. They may be beneficial in conditions where enzyme production is deficient but their routine use is generally not recommended. Side effects of digestants can
The document discusses the Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) guidelines for Ayurvedic, Siddha, and Unani medicines as specified in Schedule T of the Drugs and Cosmetics Rules. It covers various components of GMP including factory premises requirements, machinery and equipment, production areas, raw material and finished goods storage, worker hygiene, and documentation. The objective of GMP is to ensure quality control throughout the manufacturing process to produce medicines of acceptable standards.
The document discusses Bhasma, a unique Ayurvedic preparation where metals or minerals are treated with herbal juices or decoctions to make them into fine particles. There are three key steps to creating a Bhasma: Shodhana for purification, Bhavana involving wet grinding, and Marana which uses incineration to further reduce particle size. The Marana process, with repeated heating and cooling, converts the materials into a fine powder with desirable properties for therapeutic use. Properly prepared Bhasma has characteristics like being fine enough to enter finger crevices, floating on water, and not reversing back into its original form after preparation.
This presentation intends to introduce about ayurvedic tablets known as gutikas or vatis. The content is suitable for undergraduate pharmacy students and high school science learners. It focusses on preparation and standardization. This topic is part of herbal drug technology of B.Pharmacy PCI curriculum.
Herbs, Herbal Drugs
Present Scope of Herbal Drug Industry
Scope of Herbal Drug Medicine and Industry
Indian Herbal Industry
International Scope of Herbal Medicines
World Wide Herbal Trade
Overview on plant based industries and research institutions in India
List of few herbal drug industries in India
List of few herbal research institution/ centres in India
General Introduction to Herbal Industry
Herbal drugs industry: Present scope and future prospects.
A brief account of plant based industries and institutions involved in work on medicinal and
aromatic plants in India.
This document discusses herb-drug interactions, providing several examples. It notes that herbs are often taken with allopathic drugs with the belief they will provide benefits, but they can interact in ways that alter the kinetics and dynamics of both substances. Specifically, herbs may cause additive, synergistic, antagonistic or unidentified responses when taken with conventional drugs by changing absorption, distribution, metabolism, protein binding or excretion of the drugs. Several herbs are described that can interact through these pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic mechanisms, such as ginkgo decreasing alprazolam absorption or milk thistle upregulating liver enzymes. The document emphasizes the need to study herb-drug interactions due to lack of knowledge, quality control issues, and
This document discusses the Ayurvedic herbal formulation known as Lehya. Lehya is a semi-solid herbal medicine prepared using herbs, jaggery or sugar, and herbal decoctions or juices. It is similar to jam or paste. The document outlines the traditional method of preparing Lehya, which involves boiling the jaggery or sugar with herbal decoctions until thickened, then adding herbal powders and ghee or oil. Standardization parameters for Lehya are also listed, including organoleptic properties, physical characteristics, and analytical techniques. Lehya is an ancient Ayurvedic preparation that delivers herbal medicines in a semi-solid dosage form.
Preparation and Standardisation of Ayurvedic Dosage formsManjusha Kondepudi
Standardization of Asava&Arista, Churna, Bhasma, Avalehya and Gutika.
Importance of standardization of herbals
Standardization of herbal raw material, plant extract
Dr.Lavanya.S.A - standardization of herbal drugsDr.Lavanya .S.A
The document discusses the standardization of herbal drugs. It begins by introducing the growth of herbal medicine and the need for standardization. It then defines herbs, herbal drugs, and what standardization of herbal drugs refers to. The document outlines some of the key procedures for standardizing herbal drugs, including authentication, physical and chemical analysis, and microbiological and residue testing. It also discusses identifying crude drugs through systematic study, microscopic identification of features like stomata and veins, and various quantitative studies that can be done on crude drugs. Overall, the document provides an overview of the importance and processes involved in standardizing herbal medicines.
Ayurvedic herbal and herbo-mineral preparations are used to treat chronic diseases without side effects. Bhasmas are a unique Ayurvedic preparation made by purifying metals/minerals through processes like sodhana and marana, involving calcination. They are assessed through physical and chemical parameters to ensure safety and efficacy. Other Ayurvedic dosage forms discussed are churnas, tailas, lehyas, arishtas and asavas which are herbal formulations having distinct methods of preparation.
This presentation introduces basic concepts of asavas and arishtas and largely deals with their method of preparation. The content is made so as to cater to undergraduate students in pharmacy and basic science learners. This topic is in herbal drug technology of PCI curriculum
This document discusses Ayurvedic formulations including arishtas, asavas, avalehas, ghritas, churnas, tailas, gutikas, and bhasmas. It provides details on the ingredients, processes, and examples of each type of formulation. The key steps involve purification of ingredients, followed by mixing with liquids or oils and processing through fermentation or heating to extract medicinal properties in a stable, non-toxic form.
Herbal formulations and ayurvedic formulationsRavish Yadav
The all the content in this profile is completed by the teachers, students as well as other health care peoples.
thank you, all the respected peoples, for giving the information to complete this presentation.
this information is free to use by anyone.
Ayurvedic Formulation: Asava, Arishta, Avaleha, Ghrita, Taila, Gutika
Concept of Detoxification: Panchkarma
Final Year B.Pharm (Sem-VIII) Pharmacognosy-III (Mumbai University Syllabus
Hello Everyone, Myself Mr. Omkar B. Tipugade, Assistant Professor, Genesis Institute of Pharmacy, Radhanagari. Today I upload the notes on Preparation and Standardization of ayurvedic Formulation. Notes are prepared as per PCI Syllabus for Third year B-Pharmacy Students.
Thank You
"Pharmaceutical aids are the drugs or substances which have no or little pharmacological.but they are essentially used in the preparation of pharmaceutical dosage form
ayurvedic formulations herbal drug technologypptPradnya Wadekar
This document provides information on various Ayurvedic dosage forms including Asava/Arishta, Lehyas/Avaleha, Bhasmas, Churna, and Taila. It describes the preparation processes, properties, storage conditions, quality control parameters and standardization methods for each dosage form. Asava/Arishta are fermented alcoholic preparations while Lehyas are semisolid preparations made by boiling drugs with sugars. Bhasmas are microfine ash preparations made by incinerating metals or minerals. Churna refers to fine powders of dried herbs and Taila are medicated oils. The document outlines the key steps for manufacturing each type of dosage form according to Ayurvedic
This presentation helps to know about the particular media and churna prepared and its anti-microbial activity. This also provides results obtained after testing.
Comparative Phytochemical and Physicochemical Study of Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum)...BRNSS Publication Hub
The study compared the phytochemical and physicochemical properties of tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) and haldi (Curcuma longa). Qualitative phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, resins, and saponins in both plant extracts. However, proteins were only present in haldi. Quantitative analysis found tulsi to have lower moisture content and water-soluble ash than haldi. The physicochemical and phytochemical profiles provide useful data for identification of these medicinal plants.
Herbal formulations are preparations made from herbs, plants or plant extracts that are used for medicinal purposes. They can be prepared using methods like extraction, distillation, or fermentation to obtain herbal substances or preparations from plant materials. Common Ayurvedic herbal formulations include Avaleha (jam-like pastes), Asava and Arishta (fermented liquids), Ghrita (medicated ghee), Taila (medicated oils), Churna (powders), and Gutika (pills). Proper preparation methods following guidelines specified in Ayurvedic texts are important to standardize the formulations and remove any toxic elements from herbs through processes like Shodhana (detoxification
FORMULATION AND PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT OF HERBAL DRUGS BCP.pptxGanugavade
This document discusses formulation and production management of herbal drugs. It describes various types of herbal formulations used in Ayurveda like Asavas, Arishtas, Avlehas, Ghritas, Churnas, Tailas, Gutikas. It explains the formulation process for each type and challenges in herbal formulation like standardization, safety assessment etc. It also discusses the concept of detoxification of toxic herbs used in Ayurvedic formulations through various Shodhana processes to reduce toxicity and enhance therapeutic effects.
This document discusses several alkaloids derived from plants, including their definitions, structures, sources, and uses. It provides details on piperine from black pepper, arecoline from areca nut, lobeline from lobelia, nicotine from tobacco, and alkaloids from pomegranate. Extraction and isolation methods for alkaloids like Manske's method and fractional crystallization are also summarized.
This document describes a study on the physiochemical screening and pharmacognostical evaluation of Carica papaya leaves. Key findings include:
- Macroscopic and microscopic examination of leaf morphology, anatomy, and powder characteristics.
- Quantitative microscopy determining parameters like stomatal index, vein termination, and palisade ratio.
- Physicochemical evaluation including determination of extractive values using maceration, Soxhlet, and successive extraction with various solvents. Evaluation of ash values, fluorescence analysis, pH, moisture content, and phytochemical constituents.
- Analysis of pesticide residues, aflatoxin, and heavy metals in leaf extracts using standardized methods.
The study provides a
Physiochemical Screening of Carica papaya Leaves with Specific Reference to T...BRNSS Publication Hub
Carica papaya is made to develop pharmacognostical characters of leaf with their morphological, microscopical, and physical characters including histochemical analysis. Morphological evaluation as color, odor, taste, size, shape, surface, and powder microscopy of plant shows the presence of endosperm cell which is polygonal in shape and contains aleurone grains and oil droplet, cell of testa, yellow coloring matter, and starch grains. Quantitative leaf microscopy to determine palisade ratio, stomata index, and vein-islet number is carried out. Peels are removed mechanically through epidermal peeling off and stomatal index (SI) is calculated. The vein-islet number, vein termination number, and palisade ratio of lamina are determined according to the standard method. We prepared the extracts of plant with different solvents for determining the different extractive values by maceration, Soxhlet extraction, successive extraction process, and determination of ash values, pH value, moisture content, and phytochemical screening to show the presence of carbohydrates, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, alkaloids, proteins, saponins, and lipids in the drug extract and fluorescence analysis in different solvent. Analysis of pesticide residues, aflatoxin, and heavy metals are also performed
This document describes a study on the physiochemical and pharmacognostic evaluation of Carica papaya leaves. The study involved macroscopic and microscopic examination of the leaves. Quantitative microscopy was performed to determine features such as stomatal number, index, vein termination, and palisade ratio. Physicochemical parameters like extractive values using different solvents, ash values, pH, moisture content, and preliminary phytochemical screening were evaluated. Analysis found the presence of carbohydrates, phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, proteins, saponins and lipids. The study also performed analysis of heavy metals, pesticide residues and aflatoxins in the leaf extracts.
This document describes a study on the physiochemical and pharmacognostic evaluation of Carica papaya leaves. The study involved macroscopic and microscopic examination of the leaves. Quantitative microscopy was performed to determine parameters like stomatal number, stomatal index, vein termination, and palisade ratio. Physicochemical evaluation included determination of extractive values using different solvents, ash values, fluorescence analysis, phytochemical screening, pH, moisture content, and analysis of heavy metals, pesticides, and aflatoxins. The results provide information on the morphological, physical, and chemical characteristics of C. papaya leaves.
Leha (or Avaleha), is one of the several groups of Ayurvedic formulations.
It arises from sanskrit root word Lih Aswadane., means it should be tasted with tongue.
It is a semi-soild sugar based preparation.
Lehya is prepared by using jaggery, sugar, or sugar candy and boiled with prescribed drug juice or decoction.
In some Lehya formulation, honey and Ghee also used as common ingredient.
Generally, Lehya is supposed to be taken with some vehicle like water, goat, milk, butter milk called Anupan.
Ghutika is one of the simple Ayurvedic medicine like pill or tablet.
Ghutika is palatable and easy to consume, store and preserve.
There are many examples of Ghutika formulations in Ayurveda.
Classical Ayurvedic text and Ayurvedic formulary of India (AFI) can be used to refer formula for particular Ghutika.
Preparation
First plant material is dried and made into fine powder.
Other minerals, if mentioned in the formula are made into Bhasma in fine powdered form.
In some cases, where Mercury (parada) and sulphur (Gandhaka) are , mentioned , Kajjaali (Purified and consumable form of mercury and sulphur) is made first and other drugs are added to it.
Mix the entire ingredients in mortar and pestle, Triturate herb, bhasma or other ingredients.
According to Ayurveda
Churna is defined as “ a fine powder of one or more drugs”. Chruna formulation is Similar to powder
formulation in allopathic System of medicine.
Now-a-days churna is formulated into tablets in order to fix the dose easily and for convenience.
These forms of medicaments are prescribed generally because of their particle size.
Smaller the particle size of churna, better is the effect on the body.
Churna should be given with other vehicle like honey, milk or churna.
This make administration of churna easy and increased palatability also enhances therapeutic effect, such vehicles are called as Anupan in Ayurveda.
These forms of medicaments are prescribed generally because of their particle size.
Smaller the particle size of churna, better is the effect on the body.
Churna should be given with other vehicle like honey, milk or churna.
This make administration of churna easy and increased palatability also enhances therapeutic effect, such vehicles are called as Anupan in Ayurveda.
BIODYANAMIC AGRICULTURE
It is a type of agriculture technique, where farm is considered as living entity, where sustainable, ecological methods are used for soil fertility, plant growth, and livestock care.
It includes
various concepts drawn from the ideas of Rudolf Steiner (1861-1925)
Use of manure and compost which are prepared ecologically.
Sustainable agriculture is capable of maintaining its productivity and usefulness to human for long period of time.
Patenting and Regulatory Requirements of Natural Products.pptxSonaliGadge4
Intellectual property is the property possessed by virtue of one’s intellectual creativity.
Intellectual property rights (IPR) are exclusive rights to make, use and sell a new product or technology for a limited period.
Schedule T: (Schedule T describes the Good Manufacturing Practice for Ayurvedic, Siddha and Unani Medicines.)
The Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) are prescribed as follows:
Raw materials used in the manufacture of drugs are authentic, of prescribed quality and are free from contamination.
The manufacturing process is as has been prescribed to maintain the standards.
Adequate quality control measures are adopted.
The manufactured drug which is released for sale is of acceptable quality.
UV-Visible spectroscopy is considered as an important tool in the analytical chemistry.
Most powerful tool available for the study of atomic and molecular structure.
- Most commonly used techniques in clinical as well as chemical laboratories.
- Used for the qualitative analysis and identification of chemicals.
ain use is for quantitative determination of different organic and inorganic compounds in solution.
Basically, spectroscopy is related to the interaction of light with matter.
As light is absorbed by matter, the result is an increase in the energy content of the atoms or molecules.
The absorption of visible or ultraviolet light by a chemical compound will produce a distinct spectrum.
UV-Visible light range- 200-800 nm
Visible range: 400-800 nm
UV range: 200-400 nm
The progress in the techniques for isolation and analysis has led to the identification of many unknown compounds.
Various processes are involved in the isolation of the particular compound from its plant material.
The isolation process possibly will depend on the nature of the active constituent present in the crude drug.
For example, trapping of the components is done for the volatile chemicals while extraction of nonvolatile compounds using organic solvents is also done.
The isolation of components is done for both known constituents and also for the components which are unknown and the process of the separation, purification and identification of compounds coupled with biological screening is a demanding task.
After the extraction of the required crude extract from the plant, the need of the marker component to be isolated and identified is also equally important for its study with respect to chemical nature or even for the development of newer formulations.
The advances in the field of chromatographic techniques have enabled the separation and purification of compounds.
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إضغ بين إيديكم من أقوى الملازم التي صممتها
ملزمة تشريح الجهاز الهيكلي (نظري 3)
💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀
تتميز هذهِ الملزمة بعِدة مُميزات :
1- مُترجمة ترجمة تُناسب جميع المستويات
2- تحتوي على 78 رسم توضيحي لكل كلمة موجودة بالملزمة (لكل كلمة !!!!)
#فهم_ماكو_درخ
3- دقة الكتابة والصور عالية جداً جداً جداً
4- هُنالك بعض المعلومات تم توضيحها بشكل تفصيلي جداً (تُعتبر لدى الطالب أو الطالبة بإنها معلومات مُبهمة ومع ذلك تم توضيح هذهِ المعلومات المُبهمة بشكل تفصيلي جداً
5- الملزمة تشرح نفسها ب نفسها بس تكلك تعال اقراني
6- تحتوي الملزمة في اول سلايد على خارطة تتضمن جميع تفرُعات معلومات الجهاز الهيكلي المذكورة في هذهِ الملزمة
واخيراً هذهِ الملزمة حلالٌ عليكم وإتمنى منكم إن تدعولي بالخير والصحة والعافية فقط
كل التوفيق زملائي وزميلاتي ، زميلكم محمد الذهبي 💊💊
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1. Presented by
Sonali S Gadge
Assistant Professor
P R Patil Institute of Pharmacy, Talegaon (SP), Dist-
wardha-442202.
ASAVA and
ARISHTA
2. Table: Summary of Types of Ayurvedic formulations
Formulation Nature Preparation Standardization Examples
Arista Liquid Self-generated alcoholic
preparations, prepared from
decoction of the raw drug mixed
with sugar to undergo fermentation.
Alcohol content Ashokarista, Vidangrista,
Draksharista, Arjunirista,
Dasamoolarishtam,
Amruthaarishtam,
Kutajaarishtam, balarishtam,
Devadaarvarishtam
Asava Liquid Self-generated alcoholic
preparations, prepared from juices
of fresh plants or water soaked dry
drugs mixed with sugar to undergo
fermentation
Alcohol content Lohasava, Kumariasava,
Madhukasava, Drakshasava,
Patrangaasavam
Bhasma Solid Fine powder of a metal or substance
obtained by complete burning or
incineration.
Particle size and metal
content
Swarn Bhama, Mukta
bhasma, naga bhasma, Tamra
bhasma
3. Churna Solid Fine powder of drug
or drugs
Particle size Triphala churna,
Madhukaparni
Churna, Rasnandi
Churn, Ashwagandha
churna
Gutika Solid Pills prepared by
triturating fine powder
of drug with water or
binder
Uniformity in weight,
shape and size
Eladi gutika, Pranada
gutika, Dugdha vati
Lehya Semisolid Sugar based
preparations of drugs,
prepared by boiling
juice of the drug or its
decoction
Consistency Chyawanprash,
Draksavaleha,
Vasavaleha
6. Arishtas: are made with decoction of herbs in boiling water.
Asavas: are prepared by directly using fresh herbal juices.
These are unique liquid dosage forms that contain self-generated alcohol.
Arishta (Fermented Decoction) and Asava (fermented infusion) are considered as
a unique and valuable therapeutics in Ayurveda, due to their medicinal value,
sweet taste and easy availability.
7. Preparation
• Asava and arishta manufactured similarly with slight difference in starting
material.
• Absolute cleanliness is necessary for manufacture of these preparations.
• Earthen pot used for fermentation should be old and properly cleaned.
• Fumigation with pipali churna should be done along with smearing with ghee.
• According to Ayurvedic literature, self-generated alcohol acts as preservative so
these preparations come without expiry date.
8. Ingredients
1. The main herb mentioned in the formula
2. The source of carbohydrates (Sugar)is required for fermentation
(Canesugar/Jaggery/Honey).
3. Fermentation initiator provides inoculums for the fermentation to start. (The
inoculums of yeast comes from Woodfordia fruticosa, dhataki flowers)
4. The flavoring agents
9.
10. The Fermentation Process
• During Autumn and Summer season, fermentation takes place in 6 days.
• In winter it takes 10 days.
• During rainy season and Spring, it takes 8 days.
• The fermentation vessel is left undisturbed for a month and then opened. The
medicine is filtered and taken for use.
11.
12. Properties of Asava and Arishta
• Should be clear
• No foam should be produced
• Should not become sore on standing
• It has characteristic aromatic and alcoholic odor,
• They are moderately alcoholic (up to 12% by volume) and mostly sweetish with
slight acidity and agreeable aroma.
13. Shelf-life
• Much longer time.
Storage conditions
• Should be stored in air tight container.
• Narrow mouthed.
• Store in cool place, away from light.
15. Standardization of ASAVA and ARISHTA
Traditionally quality of Asava or Arishta is checked by absence of foam or
froth. It should be clear sour tasting liquid.
Organoleptic characters
Colour, odour, taste, PH, Foreign organic matter, Ash value (Total ash value, acid
insoluble ash, water soluble ash, sulfated ash), extractive value (alcohol soluble
extractive value), moisture content, physical content (melting point, boiling point,
refractive index, optical rotation, specific gravity, solid content, alcohol content)
16. Chemical evaluation can be performed by tests:
Alkaloids- Dragendroff’s test
Glycosides- Molish test
Flavonoids- Shinoda test
Phenolic-Lead acetate test
Tannins- Ferric chloride test
Steroids- Salkowski reaction
Amino acids- Ninhydrin test
Carbohydrates- Fehling’s test
18. Kumariasava preparation Compositions
Kuamri (Aloe Vera), Haritaki (Terminalia chebula), Jatamanasi, Clove, Long
Pepper, Chitrak (Plumbago zeylanica), Javitri (Myristica fragrance),
Kakatshringi (Pistacia chinensis), Bibhitaki (Terminalia belerica), Pushkarmul
(Inula racemosa), Loh Bhasma, Tamra Bhasma, along with jaggery, honey and
water.
19. Kumariasava is an alternative, tonic
haematinic indicated in Anemia,
enlargement of liver, constipation, fever,
cough, asthma,
Kumariasava is a liquid Ayurvedic
medicine used in the treatment of
gastritis, urinary tract disorders etc.
Kumariasavam contains 5 10 % of self
generated alcohol in it.