This document discusses several Ayurvedic herbal preparations called arishtas. It provides details on the manufacturing process for Arjunarishta and its evaluation. It also provides information on other arishtas including Jirakdyarishta, Abhayarishta, including their ingredients, indications, dosages and packaging. Arishtas are unique Ayurvedic liquid herbal formulations that contain self-generated alcohol content and herbal extracts soluble in both water and alcohol. They are used to treat various conditions.

1. BY: Swati Wadhawan
M. Pharma 1st year

2. Ayurvedic system of medicine is as old as the Vedic age. Now–a–days
people give preference to the Ayurvedic medicines as the allopathic
medicines are costlier and have side effects.
Ayurvedic medicines are based on plants, animals extract and minerals
both in single ingredient drugs and compound formulations, however,
Ayurveda does not rule out any substances from being used as a
potential source of medicine.

3. 1. Classical ayurvedic medicines
These medicines are present on ayurvedic text books such as charaka
samhita, sushruta samhita etc. Manufacturing company follows the
same formula and prepare medicines.
e.g: bhasmas, asavas, arishta, taila etc.

4. 2. Proprietary medicines
These are also knows as patent medicines or mordern ayurvedic
medicines. Their formulas, dosage form are decided by the
manufacturing company and ingredients used in these preparation are
not found in traditional ayurvedic text book.
e.g: capsules, syrups etc.

5. ARISHTA
Arishta are ayurvedic preparations that contains self-generated
alcohol content and herbal extracts soluble in both water as
well as alcohol.

6. Arishtas are made with decoctions of herbs in boiling
water. These are unique liquid dosage form that
contains self generated alcohol.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Plant materials Terminalia arjuna (Combretaceae) bark,
flowers of Madhuca indica (Sapotaceae) and Woodfordia
fruiticosa (Lythraceae) were collected from forests of
Sahydri Ghats of Maharashtra (India); fruits of Vitis
venifera (Venifera) and jaggery procured from local
market.

7. Arjunarishta is a fermented liquid preparation made
with ingredients in the formulation composition shown
in table 1. It contains not more than 10% and not less
than 5% of self generated alcohol. Collected raw drug
materials cleaned, washed, dried and used for
formulation preparation.

8. Pulverized Terminalia arjuna bark was passed through
sieve no.44, mixed with required amount of potable
water and soaked overnight.
Then mild heating is carried out until the quantity get
reduce to one fourth of initial volume. This decoction
filtered through muslin cloth and filtrate was used for
further processing.

9. Arjunarishta formulation composition
Ingredient Quantity
Terminalia arjuna bark 4.80 Kg
Vitis venifera fruits 2.40 Kg
Madhuca indica flower 0.96 Kg
Woodfordia fruiticosa flower 0.96 Kg
Jaggery 4.80 Kg
Water 49.152 L

10. Required quantity of jaggery was dissolved in decoction
by stirring and filtered through muslin cloth. Filtrate
was collected in clean porcelain jar and remaining
ingredients along with Woodfordia fruiticosa flower
were added and mixed.
Then container was sealed with mud smeared cloth and
kept in clean and dry room for fermentation. After
fermentation the fermented material is filtered through
muslin cloth. Filtrate was packed in air tight container
and used for evaluation.

11. 1. Preliminary evaluation
Determination of organoleptic characteristics viz.
odour, taste, colour and clarity of prepared
arjunarishta was carried out.
2. Determination of alcohol content
Not less than 25ml of preparation being examined was
transferred to the distillation flask and its temperature is noted.
It
was diluted with equal volume of water. Afterwards it distilled
and distillate about 2 ml less than the total volume collected.
Water was added to measure exactly same volume of original
test
liquid and adjusted to temperature noted before.

12. Continue…….
Specific gravity of this liquid was determined and alcohol
content analyzed using relative density table given in United
States Pharmacopoeia (USP)
3. Total solid content
10g of a formulation was taken in evaporated dish which was
previously weighed and allowed to evaporate so that only solid
content remains in the dish and rest of the fluid gets evaporated.
Then it again weighed and the solid content of formulation
calculated
4. pH
Calibrated pH meter was used to check the pH of formulation

13. 5. Viscosity
Viscosity of arjunarishta was determined with the help of
Brookfield viscometer.
6. Refractive Index
The Refractive Index of formulation was found out by using
Abbe’s Refractometer.
7. Acid value
Acid value was determined as per the procedure given in Indian
Pharmacopoeia

14. 8. Total phenolic content
Absorbance of standard tannic acid solutions are recorded on UV-
visible spectrophotometer (Shimadzu-1800) at 750 nm and
standard curve is plotted. Sample of arjunarishta prepared as per
Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India and processed for estimation
of total phenolic content

15. JIRAKDYARISHTA
Indication: Emenogogue and regularizes
menstruation. Improves appetite. Used in
ladies after delivery with Mahavat vidhwansan
ras .It is highly beneficial in bodyache, fever,
general weakness and burning sensation of
feet and hands that occur after delivery.
Dose: 1 to 2 table spoonful (15 to 30ml) with
equal quantity of water after meals or as
directed by the physician.
Packing:225ml, 450ml and 680ml and
5ltr.Jar.

16. Cumin seeds – Cuminum cyminum – 9.6 kg it is added with
49 .15 liters of water, boiled and reduced to 12.25 liters,
filtered. This decoction is added with jaggery – 14.4 kg
Dhataki – woodfordia fruticosa – 768 g
Ginger – 96 g
Nutmeg – 48 g
Musta – Cyperus rotundus – 48 g
Cardamom – 48 g
Patra – Cinnamomum tamala – 48 g
Cinnamon – 48 g
Nagakeshara – Mesua ferrea – 48
Yavani – Trachyspermum ammi – 48 g
Kankola – Piper cubeba – 48 grams
Clove – 48 g

17.  It helps to improve strength of the mother, after delivery.
 It helps in normal involution of uterus, promotes lactation
and immunity of the mother.
 Because most of the herbs used in Jeerakarishta are hot in
nature, it also keeps mother away from cold and
infections.
 It Boosts immunity.
 Apart from these benefits, Jeerakarishtam is also used in
the treatment of frequent passing of stools, diarrhoea,
indigestion etc.
 It helps to improve digestion power.

18.  It contains jaggery, hence it may increase blood sugar
levels in diabetes.
 However, very high dose than prescribed may cause
burning sensation in stomach.
 It is often used in the treatment of childhood
complaints.

19. ABHAYARISHTA
Indication: Laxative and
Diuretic; Improves appetite.Used
in bleeding and dry piles.ascites,
oedema and in constipation.
Dose: 1 to 2-table spoonful with
equal quantity of water twice a day
after meals or as directed by the
physician.
Packing:225ml, 450ml and 680ml.

20.  The herbal ingredients in Abhayarishta include-
 Abhaya (Haritaki – Terminalia chebula)
 Draksha (Dry grapes)
 Madhuka (Madhuca indica)
 Vidanga (Embelia ribes), water for Kashayam,
 Jaggery
 Trivrit (Operculina turpethum)
 Gokshura (Tribulus terrestris)
 Dhanyaka (Coriander)
 Dhataki (Woodfordia fruticosa)
 Chavya (Piper retrofractum)
 Indravaruni (Citrullus colocynthis)
 Shunti (ginger)
 Mishreya (Foeniculum vulgare)
 Danti (Baliospermum montanum)
 Mocharasa (Salmalia malabarica)

21.  Piles
 Bloating
 Constipation
 Improves digestion
 Ascites
 Difficulty in urination
Side Effects of Abhayarishta
 An over-dosage of this medicine should be strictly avoided as it may cause a
few unpleasant side effects such as loose motions, pain in the stomach, and
gastric disturbances.
 Pregnant women should avoid using this medicine as it contains Colocynth,
which can increase the contractions of the uterus and raise the risk of
abortion.

22.  http://www.dabur.com/daburmediclub/products/a
sava-arishta/jirakdyarishta.html
 https://www.ayurtimes.com/asava-arishta/
 http://japsonline.com/admin/php/uploads/473_p
df.pdf