This document provides an overview of Matthew Arnold's philosophical work "Culture and Anarchy". It discusses how Arnold defines culture as the internal pursuit of social and moral perfection. He categorizes English society into Barbarians, Philistines, and the Populace. Arnold believes culture and anarchy are different, with culture representing an ongoing process of cultivation, while anarchy means a society without government. The document also examines Arnold's views on Hellenism and Hebraism, and how they relate to different approaches to knowledge, faith, and conduct.

1. Topic:- Overview of Culture and Anarchy
Submitted to:
Smt. S.B. Gardi
Department of English
M.K.Bhavnagar University, Bhavnagar.

2.  Introduced of Culture and Anarchy
 Culture and anarchy is a notorious
philosophical work written by the
celebrated Victorian poet and critic
Mathew Arnold. This essay was first
published in ‘Cornhill Magazine’
during 1867’-68.
 Its full name is “Culture and
Anarchy: An Essay in Political and
Social Criticism”.

3. This Essay in Chapter
Chapter 1:
Sweetness
and Light
Chapter 2 :
Doing as
One like
Chapter 3:
Barbarians,
Philistines
,Populace
Chapter 4:
Hebraism ,
Hellenism ,

4. General meaning of ‘Culture’
In Latin, Culture had a range of meanings…………
 Inhabit
 Cultivate
 Protect
 Honor with worship etc.
Later on, culture began its complicate modern history
etc. Culture was a new social and intellectual
movement.
Cultivation
CultivatedCivilization

5.  Arnold’s Views on Culture
According to his views, he says that,
“Culture is a study of perfection”
Culture is the process, means it
is always going on. And also it is not static
but it is changeable. It is study of social
and moral perfection. And Arnold says
that culture is internal thing. As power of
God remains within, similarly culture also
remains within.

6.  Arnold Classified English Society
Barbarians[Artistocracy]
Philistines[Middle Class]
Populace[working Class]
T
H
R
E
E
C
L
A
S
S
Rich become more Rich and Poor become more poor

7. Gujarati Famous thought ….

8. Common things of all Classes
Philistines Populace
o Free minded
o Liberty
o Rich
o Fashionable
o Free to live /think
o High thinking
o Looking good /more
civilized
o Hard workers
o Narrow minded
o Bad Activity
o Poverty
o Slum area
o Orthodoxy
o Firmness
o Money makers
o Commerce
o Idea about business
o Industrialist
o Tea- Meeting
Love, Feelings, Respect, Desire, Dreams, Happiness
Barbarians

9. View of about Hebraism or Hellenism
Hebraism Hellenism
o Spirit of thought
o Spirit of Bible
o Narrow mindedness
o Religious
o Thought only for God
o Follow the biblical idea
o Spirit of mind
o Spirit of Greek
o Open minded
o Knowledge
o Though with practical
o Follow the platonic idea

10. Hellenism and Hebraism both are directly connected to
the human life of human beings. Hellenism keeps
emphasis knowing or knowledge. Where as Hebraism
fasten its faith in doing.

11. He talks about the great idea to know and
great energy to act, Both are most potent forces , and they
forces, they should be in harmony by the light of reason. So,
they are called Hebraism and Hellenism.
The supreme idea with Hellenism of
the Greek spirit is too see thing as they really are , and
the supreme idea of Hebraism the sprite of Bible is
conduct and obedience.
The Point Out that the Greek
Philosophy considers that body and its desires are an
weakness to right thinking , where as Hebraism consider
that body and its desire are an obstacle to right.

12. Anarchy
Anarchy means “utopian societies of individuals who enjoy
complete freedom without government. the term ‘anarchy’
refers to a society without a publicly enforced government or
violently enforced political authority. When we use in this
sense, anarchy mayor may not be intended to imply political
disorder or lawlessness.
Arnold in this chapter he talks of one’s
freedom. And this freedom is sung very much by Englishmen.
But yet, they never thought about end of such freedom for
which it is to be desired. Arnold accepts the idea of personal
freedom, but he tells about complete freedom. Arnold thinks in
this way:

14. Not authority Or Rule

15. In the essay Matthew
Arnold categorizes six different terms such Culture,
Anarchy, Sweetness, Light Hellenism and Hebraism so
with the help of these different terms he has described his
views on Culture in which he also says that Culture and
Anarchy both are different thing and at last he also
explains the difficult terms like Hellenism and Hebraism.