The document provides an overview of Tajweed, which is the rules of recitation of the Qur'an. It discusses Arabic alphabets and pronunciation, symbols used in recitation, and the different chapters of the Qur'an. It also summarizes key aspects of Arabic grammar including the different parts of a meaningful word (noun, verb, preposition), types of nouns (gender, number), and pronouns. Additionally, it covers topics like vowels, sun and moon letters, and prepositions. The document thus serves as a comprehensive introduction to the principles and structure of both Qur'anic recitation and Arabic grammar.

1. TAJWEED

2. Arabic Alphabets

3. Alphabets Pronunciation

4. Symbol of Waqf

5. Recitation of Qur’an (‫فرون‬ٰ‫)الک‬

6. Recitation of Qur’an (‫)النصر‬

7. Recitation of Qur’an (‫)اللھب‬

8. Recitation of Qur’an (‫)الخالص‬

9. Recitation of Qur’an (‫)الفلق‬

10. Recitation of Qur’an (‫)الناس‬

11. Arabic Grammar
(Noun and its different types)
• By Capacity
• By Gender
• By Numbers

12. Kalimah (‫کلمہ‬)
(meaningful word)
• A meaningful word in Arabic is called “Kalimah”.
• It has three parts:
• Noun (‫اسم‬)
• Verb (‫فعل‬)
• Preposition, conjunction, particle (‫حرف‬)

13. 1. Noun ‫اسم‬) )
• It is that word which dose not need the help of another
word to explain its meaning
• It is the name of a person, place or a thing. e.g.
Muhammad (‫محمد‬) Ahmad (‫احمد‬)
The Chair (‫الکرسی‬) The Home (‫البیت‬)
A Pen (‫قلم‬) The Foot (‫قدم‬)

14. Vowels (‫حرکات‬)
‫فتحہ‬ َ ‫کسرہ‬ َ ‫ضمہ‬ َ
‫سکون‬ َ ‫تنوین‬ َََ
• Remember:
A word with “Tanwin” is always a noun, also a word heaving ‫ال‬ in the
beginning is an indication of its being a noun, however it does not
necessarily mean that a word without ‫ال‬ and “Tanwin” will not be a
noun.
If ‫ال‬ comes in the beginning of a noun then its case-ending will be
single vowel not “Tanwin”, e.g. ٌ‫کتاب‬ ٌ‫الکتاب‬
It is incorrect to say ٌ‫الکتاب‬

15. The Verbal Noun (‫المصدر‬)
• The verbal noun or noun of action may also be used as noun “‫.”اسم‬
e.g. ‫نصر‬ help (literally helping)
‫ضرب‬ a blow (literally striking)
‫عبادۃ‬ prayer (literally praying)
• The Arabic “‫”ال‬ correspond English “The”.
• The “Tanwin” is dropped when ‫ال‬ is prefixed to a noun.
e.g. ‫بیت‬ becomes ‫البیت‬ and ‫جمل‬ becomes ‫.الجمل‬

16. Sun & Moon Letters (‫قمریہ‬ ‫حروف‬ ‫و‬ ‫شمسیہ‬ ‫حروف‬)
• Arabic has 28 alphabets, of these, 14 are called the Sun Letters (‫حروف‬
‫شمسیہ‬) and the other 14 are called the Moon Letters (‫قمریہ‬ ‫حروف‬)
• In the moon letters the ‫ل‬ of ‫ال‬ is pronounced.
• In the Sun letters the ‫ل‬ of ‫ال‬ remain silent, e.g.
• ‫القمر‬ is pronounced as “al-qamaru”
• ‫الشمس‬ is pronounced as “ash-shamsu”

17. Sun & Moon Letters (‫قمریہ‬ ‫حروف‬ ‫و‬ ‫شمسیہ‬ ‫حروف‬)

18. The Gender of Nouns:
There are four types of Gender used for Arabic Nouns:
1. Real Gender
The words related to male and female. e.g.
‫اب‬/‫ام‬ ‫اخ‬/‫اجت‬ ‫دیک‬/‫دجاجۃ‬
2. Formal Gender
• The noun which don’t have the “concept of pair” are termed as Masculine
or Feminine by its form. The words ending with round (‫ۃ‬) are generally
feminine and other are assumed as masculine, e.g.
• ‫ساعۃ‬ Watch, ‫شجرۃ‬ Tree, ‫سیارۃ‬ Car, ‫صادقۃ‬ Truthful, are feminine.
• ‫کتاب‬ Book, ‫جدار‬ Wall, ‫باب‬ door, ‫صادق‬ Truthful, are masculine.

19. The Gender of Nouns:
3. Exceptional Gender
• They are not “Real” nor “formal” in gender, e.g.
• ‫سماء‬ Sky, ‫سبیل‬ Path, ‫جھنم‬ hell, they are Feminine in usage even they have no ‫.ۃ‬
• ‫سلمۃ‬ ،‫اسامۃ‬ ،‫عالمۃ‬ ،‫خلیفۃ‬ they have ‘‫ۃ‬’ but they are exceptional Masculine.
• Name of countries and cities are Feminine, e.g. Pakistan, Egypt, Lahore,
Istanbul.
• Many parts of body especially that are in pair termed as Feminine, e.g. ‫,ید‬
Hand, ‫عین‬ Eyes.
• Some parts of body that are not in pair termed as Masculine, e.g. ‫راس‬ Head,
‫بظن‬ Belly.
• All Arabic alphabets are feminine, e.g. ‫۔‬ ‫۔‬ ‫خ۔‬ ،‫ح‬ ،‫ج‬ ،‫ث‬ ،‫ت‬ ،‫ب‬ ،‫ا‬
4. Common Gender
• Some nouns are used as Masculine as well as Feminine, these are termed as
“Common Gender”, e.g. ‫سحاب‬ Clouds, ‫بقر‬ Cattle, ‫ذھب‬ Gold, ‫شجر‬ Trees.

20. Types of noun by its Number:
• Unlike English Arabic has three numbers:
• 1.‫واحد‬ Singular ‫بیت‬ ،‫ید‬ ،‫الکتاب‬
• 2.‫تثنیۃ‬ Dual or Two ‫بیتان‬ ،‫یدان‬ ،‫الکتابان‬
• 3.‫جمع‬ More then two is Plural ‫بیتون‬ ،‫یدون‬ ،‫کتابون‬
• Sound Plural ‫مسلم‬ ‫مسلمون‬ ‫مومن‬ ‫مومنون‬
• Broken plural ‫رسول‬ ‫رسل‬ ‫رجال‬ ‫رجل‬

21. 2. Verb (‫فعل‬)
• It is that word by which we understand some work
or action being done.
• It is of three kinds/ tenses.
• The perfect tense (‫الماضی‬)
• The imperfect tense (‫المضارع‬)
• The imperative tense (‫االمر‬)

22. Kinds of Verb:
(Tenses)
• The perfect tense (‫الماضی‬)
It is used for an action which is completed, e.g.
He did (‫فعل‬) , he wrote (‫کتب‬) , he entered (‫دخل‬) .
• The imperfect tense (‫المضارع‬)
It is used when an action which is not completed, e.g.
He dose/ he is doing/ he will do. (‫یفعل‬)
He writes/ is writing/ will write. (‫یکتب‬)
He enters/ is entering/ will enter. (‫یدخل‬)
• The imperative tense (‫االمر‬)
It is signifies command, request and supplication, e.g.
Do (‫افعل‬) , write (‫اکتب‬) , enter (‫ادخل‬) .

23. 3. Letter (‫حرف‬) (Preposition, conjunction, particle)
• It is that word which is used with noun or verb to
complete the meaning of the sentence.
• Its meaning will depends on the word with which is
used.
• The preposition, conjunction and particle is called
“Harf”. e.g.
In/for/to (‫فی‬) on (‫علی‬) yes (‫نعم‬) no (‫ال‬)
regarding (‫عن‬) that/what (‫ما‬)

24. Chart
Kalimah
(Meaningful
Word)
Noun Verb
Preposition,
particle

25. Pronouns ‫ر‬ِ‫ئ‬‫ا‬َ‫م‬َ‫ض‬
• The Pronoun is a word that used in place of a noun, e.g.
‫ھو‬ He ‫ھم‬They ‫ھی‬She
‫انت‬You ‫نحن‬We ‫ہ‬His
‫ھا‬Her ‫ک‬Your ‫ی‬My
• Attached Pronoun ‫متصلہ‬ ‫ضمائر‬
e.g. ‫کتابہ‬
• Separated Pronoun‫منفصلہ‬ ‫ضمائر‬
e.g. ‫طالب‬ ‫ھوا‬

26. Pronouns ‫ر‬ِ‫ئ‬‫ا‬َ‫م‬َ‫ض‬

27. Hurof Jarah ‫جارہ‬ ‫حروف‬
• ‫من‬-‫الی‬-‫حتی‬-‫فی‬-‫عن‬–‫علی‬–‫بین‬