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![References from the Noble Quran for ﻭﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﺎ
ﺟ ﺭ
ِﺑـ
by, at, in
ِﻟـ
belongs to,
for
ﻋﻦ
ﻲﻓ
ﺇﱃ
ِﻣﻦ
ﻋﻠﹶﻰ
away from
in
to
from
on
2:8 And there are people (from men are) who say,
“We believe in God and (in) the Last Day”
17:1 From the Inviolable House of Worship [at
Mecca] to the far distant Place of Worship [at
Jerusalem]
24:58 before the prayer of daybreak
24:58 and after the prayer of night fall
2:10 In their hearts is a disease
ﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﺎ ﺑﹺﺎﷲِ ﻭﺑﹺﺎﹾﻟﻳ ﹸﻮﻝ ﺀَﺍﻣ ﺎﺱ ﻣﻦﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟ
ﹺ َ ﹺ
ﻨ ﻘ ﹸ ﻨ ﹺ
ﺎﺍﻡ ﺇﻟﹶﻰ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ ﺍﻷﻗﺼﻣﻦ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ ﺍﹾﻟﺤﺮ
َﹾ ﹺ
ﹺ ﹺ
ﺒﻞ ﺻﻠﻮٰﺓ ﺍﹾﻟﻔﺠﺮﻣﻦ ﻗ
ﹺ ﹶ ﹶ ﹶ ﹺ
ﺸﺂﺀﺑﻌﺪ ﺻﻠﻮٰﺓ ﺍﹾﻟﻌ ﻭ ﻣﻦ
ِ
ﹶ
ﻲ ﻗﻠﻮﹺﺑﻬﻢ ﻣﺮﺽﻓ
ﹺ ﹸﹸ
2:17 and leaves them in utter darkness
ﺎﺕﻲ ﻇﻠﻤﺗﺮﻛﻬﻢ ﻓﻭ
ﹸﹸ ﹶ
2:27 and spread corruption in the earth
ﻲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽﻳﻔﺴﺪﻭﻥ ﻓﻭ
ﹺَ
ﹶِ ﹾ
2:256 There shall be no coercion in matters of faith
2:284 Unto God belongs all that is in the heavens and
all that is in the earth.
3:6 He is Who shapes you in the wombs
3:46 and he shall speak unto men in his cradle
3:85 and in the life to come he shall be among (from)
the lost
5:41 Theirs shall be (to them belongs) ignominy in
this world, and (to them belongs) awesome suffering
in the life to come
5:54 who strive hard in God’s cause
Jarun Wa Majroorun From Qur'an.doc
ﻳﻦﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻩ ﻓﻵ ﺇﻛﺮ
ﹺ
ﹾ
ﻲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻤٰﻮﺍﺕ ﻭ ﻣﺎ ﻓِﷲِ ﻣ
ﹺَ
ﺎﻡﻲ ﺍﻷﺭﺣﻳﺼﻮﺭﻛﻢ ﻓ ﻫﻮ ﺍﱠﺬﻱ
ﹺَ
ﹸ
ﻟ
ﻲ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﻬﺪﺎﺱ ﻓﻳﻜﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻭ
ﻨ ﹶﱢ
ﻳﻦﻲ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﹾﺨﺎﺳﺮﻭﻫﻮ ﻓ
ﹺ
ﻲ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ ﻋﺬﹶﺍﺏﺎ ﺧﺰﻱ ، ﻭﹶﻟﻬﻢ ﻓﻧﻴﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﹶﻟﻬﻢ ﻓ
ﻴﻢﻋﻈ
ِﻲ ﺳﺒﹺﻴﻞ ﺍﷲﺎﻫﺪﻭﻥ ﻓﻳﺠ
ﹺ ﹶ
Page 8](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/handouts-20book-201-140221033014-phpapp01/75/Handouts-book-1-9-2048.jpg)
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Handouts book 1
- 1. HANDOUTS For Madina Book 1 Preparedby The Institute of the Language of the Qur’an (Toronto) (NO Copy rights reserved) Subject Parts of the Speech ……………………. The Arabic Alphabet …………………. Arabic Nouns Have Endings …………. Nominal Sentence ……………………... Cases Exercises ………………………... Sound Triliteral Verbs ………………... Jarun Wa Majroorun From Qur’an … Pronouns ………………………………. Pronouns-01-solved …………………… Pronouns-01 …………………………… Mudafu Mudafu Alei …………………. Mudadu Mudafu Alei From Qur’an … Mudafu Mudafu Alei - Examples ……. Phrases ………………………………… Feminine Gender ……………………… Adjectives ……………………………… Nominal Sentence From Qur’an ……... Grammatical Analysis ………………… Dual and Sound Plurals ………………. Broken Plurals ………………………… Singular-Dual-Plural …………………. Numbers ……………………………….. Types of Khabar ………………………. Blank Verb Conjugation Sheet ………. Page 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 12 14 15 16 17 18 19 22 23 27 29 33 35 37 38
- 2. Parts of theSpeech In English language there are 8 Parts of Speech namely: Noun Pronoun Verb Adjective Adverb Preposition Conjunction Interjection In Arabic language there are 3 Parts of Speech: ﺍﺳﻢ = Noun ﻓﻌﻞ ﹲ = Verb ﺣﺮﻑ = Particle But these three Parts encompass all eight Parts of Speech of the English Language. Parts of Speech in Arabic Language Particle ﺣﺮﻑ Preposition = Conjunction = ﺣ ﺮﻑ ﺟ ﺮ ﺣﺮﻑ ﻋﻄﻒ ﹾ ﹲ Verb ﻓﻌﻞ Verb (same as in English) Noun ﺍﺳﻢ Noun = Pronoun = Adjective = Adverb = Interjection = Parts of the Speech.doc ﺍﺳﻢ ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﻧﻌﺖ / ﺻﻔﺔ ﹶﹲ ﻇ ﺮﻑ ﹶ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﹺ Page 1
- 3. The Arabic Alphabetand Vowel Signs The Arabic letters of the alphabet are twenty nine (29) in number, all of which, with exception of Alif, are consonants. Consonants means it has speech sound. There are three vowel signs in Arabic. FATAH ()ـَـ denoting “a” e.g. ﺩ = da ﺭ = ra KASRAH ()ـِـ denoting “i” e.g. ﺩ = di ﺭ ﹺ = ri DUMMA () ُـ ـ denoting “u” e.g. ﺩ = du ﺭ = ru SUKUN ()ـْـ it is the sign denoting absence of a vowel. A consonant that does not carry any vowel is marked by a Sukun. In Arabic there are three (3) parts of speech. ﺍﺳﻢ (Noun) ﻓﻌﻞ ﹲ ﺣﺮﻑ (Verb) (Particle) Arabic ﺍﺳﻢ includes English nouns, pronouns, adjectives and adverbs. Arabic ﻓﻌﻞ ﹲ is co-extensive with English verbs. All words besides ﺍﺳﻢ and ﻓﻌﻞare - ﺣﺮﻑParticles. ﹲ ﺍﺳﻢ (noun) may be indefinite (ﻧﻜﺮﺓ) or definite (. )ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﹲ ﹺﹶ ﹲ There are no definite or indefinite articles in Arabic language equivalent to English a, an, the. Indefiniteness of ﺍﺳﻢ is indicated by ﻦﺗﻨﻮﻳ ﹺ ( nunation at the end of the noun ) which means the vowel sign is doubled at the end of the word. Definiteness is indicated by ﺎﺏﻛﺘ ﺎﺏﺍﹾﻟﻜﺘ Since ﹶﺍﻝ ﹾ prefixed to the noun. ﻗ ﻠﻢ ﹶﹶ a book ﺍﹾﻟﻘﻠﻢ ﹶﹶ the book a pen the pen ﺍﺳﻢ cannot at the same time be definite and indefinite, ﻦﺗﻨﻮﻳ ﹺ ﺎﺏﺍﹾﻟﻜﺘ and ﺍﹾﻟﻘﻠﻢ ﹶﹶ and ﹶﺍﻝ ﹾ do not coexist. will be incorrect. Tanween is also used with proper nouns i.e. ﺪ ، ﻣﺤ ﻟﺎ، ﺧ ﻳ . ﺯEven though there is a ﻤ ﺪ ﺪ tanween at the end of the noun, these proper nouns are definite. The Arabic Alphabet.doc Page 2
- 4. Arabic nouns haveENDINGS to show their functions in a sentence. Just like us, when we go to office, Bank or factory for work we have work cloths or uniforms, when we go for formal functions like weddings, Valimas or reception, we dress accordingly. When we are at home, we wear different cloths and when we retire for the night to sleep, we put on sleeping dress. In short, we dress according to what the occasion or function demands. Similarly, the Nouns have different endings to show their function in a sentence. It can be a subject ( Nominative case or ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉending ) or it can be an object of a verb ( Accusative case or ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏending ) ﹸ or it can be a possessor of a thing or come after a preposition or an adverb ( Genitive case or ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ending ). There are three endings of Noun (the vowel sign on the last letter of the noun). ﺎﺏ، ﺑ ﺎ، ﺍﹾﻟﺒ ، ﻣﺤ ﺎ، ﻛﺘ ﺎﺍﻟﻜﺘ ﻤﺪ ﺏ ﺏ ﺏ 1. Dammah ﺎﺎﺑ، ﺑﺍ، ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏﺎ، ﳏﻤﺪ، ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ 2. Fatah ، ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏﹺ، ﺑﺎﺏﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏﹺ، ﻛﺘﺎﺏﹴ، ﳏﻤﺪ ﹴ 3. Kasrah 1. When the last letter of a noun has a DAMMAH It is said to be ( ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉit indicates Nominative Case) ﹸ .ٌﺁﻣﻨﺔ ُ ﺑﻨﺖ ﲨﻴﻠﺔ . ﺣﺎﻣﺪ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ ﻣﺠﺘﻬﺪ ﹺ . ﻮﻕ ﺫﻫﺐ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟ ﺴ ﹺ ﹶ 2. When the last letter of a noun has a FATAH It is said to be ( ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏit indicates Accusative Case) . ﻮﹸﻟ ﺒﺪﻩ ﻭﺭﺍ ﻋﺃﺷﻬﺪ ﺃ ﱠ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺳ ﻪ ﻥ . ﺍ ﻋﻨﺪﻙﻻﺭﻛﻢ ﺩﻭ ﹶ . ﻮﻕ ﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻳﺖ ﳏﻤﺪﺭﺃ ﺴﹺ ﹺ 3. When the last letter of a noun has a KASRAH It is said to be ( ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭit indicates Genitive Case) ﺷﻬﺮ ﻫﺬﺍ ؟ ﺃ ٍﹺ ﻱ ﻮﻡ ﻫﺬﺍ ؟ ﻳ ﺃ ﻱ ﹴ . ﻳﺮﺮ ﺎﻋﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ ﺍﻟ ﺴ ﹺ ﹸ ﺴ . ﻫﺬﺍ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﳏﻤﺪ Please memorize the above ARABIC TERMS and watch carefully the ENDING VOWEL SIGNS ON NOUNS TO KNOW ITS FUNCTION IN THE SENTENCE. Arabic Nouns Have Endings.doc Page 3
- 5. ﻴ ﹸ ﹶ ﹸ Nominal Sentence ( ﺔ)ﹶﺍﹾﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﻤ What is a sentence? Sentence is a group of words which make complete sense. Muhammad is a student. Hamid is sick. The core ingredients of any sentence are a subject and a predicate. The subject names a person, a place or a thing we are talking about. The predicate makes a statement about the subject. In other words the predicate is the part of a sentence which expresses what is said about the subject. In the above two sentences Muhammad and Hamid are subjects and “is a student” and “is sick” are predicates. In Arabic language there are two kinds of sentences. The one which begins with a noun ( ﺍﺳﻢ ) And the one which begins with a verb is called nominal sentence ﺔﺍﹾﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﻤ ﻴ ﹸ ﹶ ﹸ ( ) ﻓﻌﻞis called verbal sentence ﺔﺍﹾﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﹾﻟﻔﻌﻠ ﹲ ﻴ ﹸ ﹶ ﹸ We shall discuss here only the nominal sentence. A simple nominal sentence is of this form: ﻟﻢﺎﻳﺪ ﻋﺯ Zayd is learned. ٌﺔﻟﻤﺎﻓﹶﺎﻃﻤﺔ ﻋ ﹸ Fatimah is learned. ﹶﺍﻟﹾﻮﹶﻟﺪ ﺫﻛ ﻲ ﹶ The boy is intelligent. ﹶﺍﹾﻟﺒﻨﺖ ﺟﻤﻴﻠﺔ ﹶ ﹲ ﹺ The girl is beautiful. Just like in English, a nominal sentence in Arabic has two parts: Subject ( ) ﹶﺍﹾﻟﻤﺒﺘﺪﹸﺃand Predicate ( ) ﹶﺍﹾﻟﺨﺒﺮ The noun with which the nominal sentence begins is called which says something about it is called ( ) ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃsubject, and the other part ( ) ﺧﺒﺮpredicate. Usually, the subject of a nominal sentence is a definite noun, either a proper noun like Zayd and Fatimah , a noun with the definite article like ﹶﺍﹾﻟﻮﹶﻟﺪand ﹶﺍﹾﻟﺒﻨﺖor a pronoun. ﹺ The predicate is usually indefinite, and agrees in gender with the subject. Both the subject and the predicate are marfu , ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉthat is, it will have one dumma or tanween ﹸ (double) dumma. Nominal Sentence.doc Page 4
- 6. Put the followingnouns into their respective “cases”. First as indefinite then as definite nouns; then change them into feminine nouns and do like wise. Do as shown in the examples. FEMININE Genitive MASCULINE Accusative Nominative Genitive Accusative Nominative ﻭﺭ ﻣﺠ ﺮ ﻮﺏ ﻣﻨ ﺼ ﻣﺮ ﹸﻮﻉ ﻓ ﻭﺭ ﻣﺠ ﺮ ﻮﺏ ﻣﻨ ﺼ ﻣﺮ ﹸﻮﻉ ﻓ ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺔ ﹰ ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺔ ﹲ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﹴ ﺎﻣﺴﻠﻤ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﺎﺩﻕﺻ ﻟﻢﺎﻋ ﻣﺆﻣﻦ ﺱ ﻣﺪ ﺭ ﻛﺎﻓﺮ ﻛﺎﺫﺏ ﻣﺸﺮﻙ ﹺ ﻟﺐﻃﺎ ﻃِﺒﻴﺐ ﹶ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﺔ ﹸ Cases Exercises.doc ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﺔ ﹶ ﹸ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﺔ ﹸ ﹸ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﹺ ﹸ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﹸ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﹸ Page 5
- 7. Paradigm of theUnaugmented Triliteral Verb ﺩ ﺍﳌﺠ ﺛ ﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﹶﺃﺑ ﺮ ﹺ ﹶ ﻲ ﹸ Group I - I Group I - A Group U - U Group A - A Group A - I Group A - U (ﺑﺎﺏ ﺣﺴﺐ )ﺡ ِ (ﺑﺎﺏ ﺳﻤﻊ )ﺱ (ﺑﺎﺏ ﻛﺮﻡ )ﻙ ﹶ (ﺑﺎﺏ ﻓﺘﺢ )ﻑ ﹶ (ﺑﺎﺏ ﺿﺮﺏ )ﺽ (ﻧﺼﺮ )ﻥ ﺑﺎﺏ ﻳﺤﺴﺐ : ﺣﺴﺐ ِ ِ ﻳﺴﻤﻊ : ﺳﻤﻊ ﻳﻜﺮﻡ : ﻛﺮﻡ ﹾ ﹶ ﻳﻔﺘﺢ : ﻓﺘﺢ ﹾ ﹶ ﻳﻀﺮﺏ : ﺿﺮﺏ ﹺ ﻳﻨﺼﺮ : ﻧﺼﺮ He thought ﺣﺴﺐ ِ He heard ﺳﻤﻊ He became noble ﻛﺮﻡ ﹶ He opened ﻓﺘﺢ ﹶ He struck or hit ﺿﺮ ﺏ He helped ﻧﺼﺮ He inherited ﻭﺭ ﺙ ﹺ ﹶ He understood ﻓﻬﻢ ﹶﹺ He moved away ﺑﻌﺪ He went ﺫﻫﺐ ﹶ He sat ﺟﻠﺲ ﹶ He wrote ﻛﺘﺐ ﹶ He played ﹶﻟﻌﺐ He became larger, bigger ﻛﺒﺮ ﹶ He bowed down ﺭﻛﻊ ﹶ He washed ﻏﺴﻞ ﹶﹶ He entered ﺩﺧ ﻞ ﹶ He memorized, protected ﺣﻔﻆ ﹶ He approached ﻗﺮﺏ ﹶ He raised ﺭﻓ ﻊ ﹶ He returned ﺭﺟ ﻊ He seeked ﻃ ﻠﺐ ﹶﹶ He drank ﺷﺮﺏ ﹺ He did ﻓﻌﻞ ﹶﹶ He descended ﻧﺰﻝ ﹶ He prostrated ﺳﺠﺪ He laughed ﺿﺤﻚ He searched ﺑﺤﺚ ﹶ He broke ﻛﺴﺮ ﹶ He killed ﻗ ﺘﻞ ﹶﹶ He became happy ﻓﺮﺡ ﹶﹺ He cut ﻗﻄﻊ ﹶﹶ He knew ﻋ ﺮﻑ He studied ﺩﺭﺱ He rode ﺭ ﻛﺐ He gathered ﺟﻤﻊ He lied ﻛﺬﺏ ﹶﹶ He lived ﺳﻜ ﻦ ﹶ He worked ﻋﻤﻞ ﹶ He prevented ﻣﻨﻊ He was patient ﺻﺒﺮ He thanked ﺷﻜ ﺮ ﹶ He knew ﻋﻠﻢ He explained ﺷﺮﺡ He triumphed , overpowered ﻏ ﻠﺐ ﹶﹶ He cooked ﻃﺒﺦ ﹶ He showed mercy upon ﺭﺣﻢ He succeeded ﻧﺠﺢ He carried ﺣﻤﻞ ﹶ He created ﺧﻠﻖ ﹶ He followed ﺗﺒﻊ ﹺ He benefited ﻧﻔﻊ ﹶ He looked ﻧﻈﺮ ﹶ He began ﺑﺪﹶﺃ He left ﺗﺮﻙ He asked ﺳﺄﻝ ﹶ ﹶ He attended ﺣﻀ ﺮ He read ﻗﺮﹶﺃ ﹶ He failed ﺭﺳ ﺐ He provided , bestowed or blessed ﺭﺯﻕ He remembered or mentioned ﺫﻛﺮ ﹶ ﹶ He worshipped ﻋﺒﺪ He came out or exited ﺧﺮﺝ He ordered ﺃﻣﺮ He ate ﺃﻛﻞ ﹶﹶ He took ﺃﺧﺬ ﹶ Sound Triliteral Verbs.doc Page 6
- 8. The Conjugation ofthe Past Tense -ﻲ ﺎ ﺍﻟ ﹾﻤ ﺿ ﺍﹾﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﹸ Please remember that in Arabic Verbs the doer of the action ( ) ﺍﻟ ﹶﺎﻋﻞis ALWAYS present. Either ﹸ ﹾﻔ attached or in its hidden form. ﺍﹾﻟﻔﹶﺎﻋﻞ ﹸ ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ He wrote Suffix NIL ﻛﺘﺐ ﹶ ﻫﻮ ‘Alif’ of Dual ﻰﻟﻒ ﺍﳌﺜﹶﺃ ﹸ ﹶﻨ (ﻟﻒﺍ )ﹶﺃ ﺍ ﺎﻛﺘﺒ ﹶ ﺎﻫﻤ They (more than 2 men) wrote ‘Waw’ of Plural ﺎﻋﺔﻭﺍﻭ ﺍﳉﻤ ﹶ (ﻭ)ﻭﺍﻭ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻛﺘﺒﻮ ﹶ ﻫﻢ She wrote ‘Ta’ is the sign of feminine ﺄﹺﻧﻴﺚﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺗ ُ ﺘ ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ ﺕ ﻛﺘﺒﺖ ﹶ ﻫﻲ (ﻟﻒﺎ ﺕ + ﺍ ﺍ )ﹶﺃﻛﺘﺒﺘ ﹶ ﺎﻫﻤ They (2 men) wrote They (2 women) wrote ‘Nun’ of the women kind ﻥ ﹶ ﻥ ﹶ ﻛﺘﺒﻦ ﹶ ﻫ ﻦ You (man) wrote ﺕ ﺕ ﻛﺘﺒﺖ ﹶ ﻧﺖﺃ You (2 men) wrote ﺎﺗﻤ ﺎﺗﻤ ﺎﻛﺘﺒﺘﻤ ﹶ ﺎﻧﺘﻤﺃ You (more than 2 men) wrote ﺗﻢ ﺗﻢ ﻛﺘﺒﺘﻢ ﹶ ﻧﺘﻢﺃ You (woman) wrote ﺕ ﺕ ﻛﺘﺒﺖ ﹶ ﻧﺖﺃ You (2 women) wrote ﺎﺗﻤ ﺎﺗﻤ ﺎﻛﺘﺒﺘﻤ ﹶ ﺎﻧﺘﻤﺃ You (more than 2 women) wrote ﺗ ﻦ ﺗ ﻦ ﻛﺘﺒﺘ ﻦ ﹶ ﻧﺘﺃ ﻦ I (male or female) wrote ﺕ ﺕ ﻛﺘﺒﺖ ﹶ ﺎﺃﻧ We (male or female) wrote ﺎﻧ ﺎﻧ ﺎﻛﺘﺒﻨ ﹶ ﻧﺤﻦ They (more than 2 women) wrote - ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮhidden, implied, understood, tacit. The ﻟﻒﺃ ﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻮﺓ ﻧ ﹸ ﹺ - ﺍﹾﻟﻔﹶﺎﻋﻞThe subject, i.e., the doer of the action. ﹸ of the third form ( )ﻫﻢis not pronounced, though it must be written. It is called ﺍﻟﻮ ﹶﺎﻳﺔ ﹾ ﹺﻗ ﻟﻒ( ﹶﺃthe alif of protection). It ‘protects’ verbs like ﺍ ( ﺃﺧﺬthey took) where the ﻭis not joined to the body of the ﹸﻭ ﹶ verb and therefore may be mistaken for the conjunction ﻭ meaning ‘and’. Out of the fourteen forms, in 12 forms the doer is attached ( ﺼﻞﻣ ﹲ ﺘ .) ﺿﻤﻴﺮOnly in two forms, i.e., ﻫﻮ and ﻫﻲit can be hidden or it comes after the verb in the sentence. Sound Triliteral Verbs.doc Page 7
- 9. References from theNoble Quran for ﻭﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﺎ ﺟ ﺭ ِﺑـ by, at, in ِﻟـ belongs to, for ﻋﻦ ﻲﻓ ﺇﱃ ِﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﹶﻰ away from in to from on 2:8 And there are people (from men are) who say, “We believe in God and (in) the Last Day” 17:1 From the Inviolable House of Worship [at Mecca] to the far distant Place of Worship [at Jerusalem] 24:58 before the prayer of daybreak 24:58 and after the prayer of night fall 2:10 In their hearts is a disease ﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﺎ ﺑﹺﺎﷲِ ﻭﺑﹺﺎﹾﻟﻳ ﹸﻮﻝ ﺀَﺍﻣ ﺎﺱ ﻣﻦﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟ ﹺ َ ﹺ ﻨ ﻘ ﹸ ﻨ ﹺ ﺎﺍﻡ ﺇﻟﹶﻰ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ ﺍﻷﻗﺼﻣﻦ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ ﺍﹾﻟﺤﺮ َﹾ ﹺ ﹺ ﹺ ﺒﻞ ﺻﻠﻮٰﺓ ﺍﹾﻟﻔﺠﺮﻣﻦ ﻗ ﹺ ﹶ ﹶ ﹶ ﹺ ﺸﺂﺀﺑﻌﺪ ﺻﻠﻮٰﺓ ﺍﹾﻟﻌ ﻭ ﻣﻦ ِ ﹶ ﻲ ﻗﻠﻮﹺﺑﻬﻢ ﻣﺮﺽﻓ ﹺ ﹸﹸ 2:17 and leaves them in utter darkness ﺎﺕﻲ ﻇﻠﻤﺗﺮﻛﻬﻢ ﻓﻭ ﹸﹸ ﹶ 2:27 and spread corruption in the earth ﻲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽﻳﻔﺴﺪﻭﻥ ﻓﻭ ﹺَ ﹶِ ﹾ 2:256 There shall be no coercion in matters of faith 2:284 Unto God belongs all that is in the heavens and all that is in the earth. 3:6 He is Who shapes you in the wombs 3:46 and he shall speak unto men in his cradle 3:85 and in the life to come he shall be among (from) the lost 5:41 Theirs shall be (to them belongs) ignominy in this world, and (to them belongs) awesome suffering in the life to come 5:54 who strive hard in God’s cause Jarun Wa Majroorun From Qur'an.doc ﻳﻦﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻩ ﻓﻵ ﺇﻛﺮ ﹺ ﹾ ﻲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻤٰﻮﺍﺕ ﻭ ﻣﺎ ﻓِﷲِ ﻣ ﹺَ ﺎﻡﻲ ﺍﻷﺭﺣﻳﺼﻮﺭﻛﻢ ﻓ ﻫﻮ ﺍﱠﺬﻱ ﹺَ ﹸ ﻟ ﻲ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﻬﺪﺎﺱ ﻓﻳﻜﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻭ ﻨ ﹶﱢ ﻳﻦﻲ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﹾﺨﺎﺳﺮﻭﻫﻮ ﻓ ﹺ ﻲ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ ﻋﺬﹶﺍﺏﺎ ﺧﺰﻱ ، ﻭﹶﻟﻬﻢ ﻓﻧﻴﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﹶﻟﻬﻢ ﻓ ﻴﻢﻋﻈ ِﻲ ﺳﺒﹺﻴﻞ ﺍﷲﺎﻫﺪﻭﻥ ﻓﻳﺠ ﹺ ﹶ Page 8
- 10. Kinds of Pronounsﺮﺎ ( ﺿPlural) / ( ﺿﻤﻴﺮSingular) ُ ﻤ ﺋ Pronouns are either separate or attached ﺍﹾﻟﻤﻨﻔﺼﻞ ﹸ ﹶ ﺼﻞ.ﺍﹾﻟﻤ ﹸ ﺘ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻞare ﹲ ﹶ independent and are not attached to any other word. ﺼﻞﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﻣ ﹲ ﺘ are not independent, but are always attached to other words. In the beginning of our studies we will learn the basic forms. As we progress we will learn them in greater details in book III ﺎﺀ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻪ . ﺇﻥ ﹺ ﹾ ﺷ َ ﻠ The pronouns are ﻣﺒﻨ ﹺﻲ (fixed), i.e., they are not declinable. They remain stationary in one FORM. But they do have one fixed form when they are ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉand another fixed form ﹸ when they are For ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏor .ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏand ﺭ ﻣﺠﺮﻭthere is ٌ only one form for attached pronouns which we will study here. ﻧﺼﺐ means they are ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ Jarr ﺟmeans they are ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﺮ Form Pronouns of Raf’ the separate form ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻞ ﹲ ﹶ Raf’ ﺭﻓ ﻊ ﹾ means they are ﻩ ﺎﻫﻤ ﺎﻫﻤ ﻫﻢ ﻫﻢ ﺎﻫ ﻫﻲ ﺎﻫﻤ ﺎﻫﻤ ﻫ ﻦ ﻫ ﻦ ﻙ ﻧﺖﺃ ﺎﻛﻤ ﹸ ﺎﻧﺘﻤﺃ ﻛﻢ ﹸ ﻧﺘﻢﺃ ِﻙ ﻧﺖﺃ ﺎﻛﻤ ﹸ ﺎﻧﺘﻤﺃ ﻛ ﹸﻦ ﻧﺘﺃ ﻦ *ﻱ ﺎﺃﻧ ﺎﻧ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﹸ ﻫﻮ ﻧﺤﻦ * this is known as Pronouns.doc ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﹸ Form ﺼﻞﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﻣ ﹲ ﺘ The separate pronouns, also called The attached pronouns ٌ ﺭﻣﺠﺮﻭ Pronouns of Nasb and Jarr the attached form Nasb detached pronouns, and – ﻳﺎﺀ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺘﻜ ﱢﻢYa of the first person ﹶﻠ ﹺ ُ Page 9
- 11. ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﺿﻤﺎﺋﺮ )(singular )(plural Pronouns ﻣ ﺮ ﻓﻮ ﻉ ﹸ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺤ ﺪ ﻓﻲ ِﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺤ ﺪ ﹺ ﻤ ﻤ Muhammad’s book = ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ ﻭ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ in Muhammad’s book = ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﹺﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺇﻟﹶﻰ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﹶ from to in on in his book in the nominative case in the accusative and genitive cases his book ﻫﻮ ﻩ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﹺﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺎ ﻫﻤﺎ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻬﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﹺﺑﻬﻤﺎ ﹺ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﹺﺇﹶﻟﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﹶ ﹺ ﹺ ﹺ ﻫﻢ ﻫﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﹺﺑﻬﻢ ﹺ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﹺﺇﹶﻟﻴﻬﻢ ﹺ ﻓﻴﻬﻢ ﹺ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﹶ ﹺ ﻫﻲ ﻫﺎ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﹺﺑﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﹺﺇﹶﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﹶ ﻫﻤﺎ ﻫﻤﺎ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻬﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﹺﺑﻬﻤﺎ ﹺ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﹺﺇﹶﻟﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﹶ ﹺ ﹺ ﹺ ﻫ ﻦ ﻫ ﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻬ ﻦ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﹺﺑﻬ ﹺﻦ ﻣﻨﻬ ﻦ ﹺﺇﹶﻟﻴﻬ ﻓﻴﻬ ﻋﻠﻴﻬ ﹺﻦ ﹺﻦ ﹶ ﹺﻦ ﺃﻧﺖ ﻙ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻚ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﹺﺑﻚ ﻣﻨﻚ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﹶ ﺃﻧﺘﻤﺎ ﻛﻤﺎ ﹸ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻜﻤﺎ ﹸ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﹺﺑﻜﻤﺎ ﹸ ﻣﻨﻜﻤﺎ ﹺﺇﹶﻟﻴﻜﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﻜﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻤﺎ ﹸ ﹸ ﹶ ﹸ ﹸ ﺃﻧﺘﻢ ﻛﻢ ﹸ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻜﻢ ﹸ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﹺﺑﻜﻢ ﹸ ﻣﻨﻜﻢ ﹺﺇﹶﻟﻴﻜﻢ ﻓﻴﻜﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ ﹸ ﹸ ﹸ ﹶ ﹸ ﺃﻧﺖ ﻙ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻚ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﹺﺑﻚ ﻣﻨﻚ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﹶ ﺃﻧﺘﻤﺎ ﻛﻤﺎ ﹸ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻜﻤﺎ ﹸ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﹺﺑﻜﻤﺎ ﹸ ﻣﻨﻜﻤﺎ ﹺﺇﹶﻟﻴﻜﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﻜﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻤﺎ ﹸ ﹸ ﹶ ﹸ ﹸ ﺃﻧﺘ ﻦ ﻛ ﹸﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻜ ﹸﻦ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﹺﺑﻜ ﹸﻦ ﻣﻨﻜ ﹺﺇﹶﻟﻴﻜ ﻓﻴﻜ ﻋﻠﻴﻜ ﹸﻦ ﹸﻦ ﹸﻦ ﹶ ﹸﻦ ﻣﻨﻪ ﹺﺇﹶﻟﻴﻪ ﹺﺇﹶﻟﻴﻚ ﹺﺇﹶﻟﻴﻚ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻓﻴﻚ ﻓﻴﻚ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﹶ ﺃﻧﺎ ﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﹺﺑﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﹺﺑﻲ ﻣﻲ ﻨ ﹺﺇﹶﻟ ﻲ ﻓ ﻲ ﻋﻠ ﹶﻲ ﻧﺤﻦ ﻧﺎ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻨﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﹺﺑﻨﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻨ ﹺﺇﹶﻟﻴﻨﺎ ﻓﻴﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﹶ ﻱ results in (of the speaker) it ﻱ and we attach to it the pronounﻱ Please note: When a word ends with ...ﻱ + ﻱ ) ﻳﺎﺀ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺘﻜ ﱢﻢ ( = ... ﻱ ُ ﹶﻠ ﹺ 01 Page Pronouns-01-solved.doc
- 12. ﻋﻨ ﺪ ﻋﻦ ﺪﺑﻴﺖ ﻣﺤ ﺪ ﻓﻲﻴﺖ ﻣﺤﻤ ﺑ ﻤ ِﻟـ ِﺑـ with at, by, near, at the time when from, off, about, away from, concerning with, by, in, at, on for Muhammad’s ﺑﻴﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﺘﻪ in his house ﻣﻊ in Muhammad’s house = his house house = ﺋﺮﺿﻤﺎ ﺿﻤﻴﺮ (plural) (singular) Pronouns ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﻣ ﺮ ﻓﻮ ﻉ ﹸ in the accusative and genitive cases in the nominati ve case ﻣﻌﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﻋﻨﻪ ﹺﺑﻪ ﹶﻟﻪ ﺑﻴﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﺘﻪ ﻩ ﻫﻮ ﺎﻣﻌﻬﻤ ﺎﻋﻨﺪﻫﻤ ﺎﻋﻨﻬﻤ ﺎﹺﺑﻬﻤ ﹺ ﺎﹶﻟﻬﻤ ﺎﺑﻴﺘﻬﻤ ﻓﻲ ﹺ ﺎﺑﻴﺘﻬﻤ ﺎﻫﻤ ﺎﻫﻤ ﻣﻌﻬﻢ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﻋﻨﻬﻢ ﹺﺑﻬﻢ ﹺ ﹶﻟﻬﻢ ﺑﻴﺘﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ ﹺ ﺑﻴﺘﻬﻢ ﻫﻢ ﻫﻢ ﺎﻣﻌﻬ ﺎﻋﻨﺪﻫ ﺎﻋﻨﻬ ﺎﹺﺑﻬ ﺎﹶﻟﻬ ﺎﺑﻴﺘﻬ ﻓﻲ ﺎﺑﻴﺘﻬ ﺎﻫ ﻫﻲ ﺎﻣﻌﻬﻤ ﺎﻋﻨﺪﻫﻤ ﺎﻋﻨﻬﻤ ﺎﹺﺑﻬﻤ ﹺ ﺎﹶﻟﻬﻤ ﺎﺑﻴﺘﻬﻤ ﻓﻲ ﹺ ﺎﺑﻴﺘﻬﻤ ﺎﻫﻤ ﺎﻫﻤ ﻣﻌﻬ ﻦ ﻋﻨﺪﻫ ﻦ ﻋﻨﻬ ﻦ ﹺﺑﻬ ﹺﻦ ﹶﻟﻬ ﻦ ﺑﻴﺘﻬ ﻓﻲ ﹺﻦ ﺑﻴﺘﻬ ﻦ ﻫ ﻦ ﻫ ﻦ ﻣﻌﻚ ﻋﻨﺪﻙ ﻋﻨﻚ ﹺﺑﻚ ﹶﻟﻚ ﺑﻴﺘﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﺘﻚ ﻙ ﻧﺖﺃ ﺎﺎ ﻣﻌﻜﻤﻋﻨﺪﻛﻤ ﹸ ﹸ ﺎﻋﻨﻜﻤ ﹸ ﺎﺎ ﹺﺑﻜﻤﹶﻟﻜﻤ ﹸ ﹸ ﺎﺑﻴﺘﻜﻤ ﻓﻲ ﹸ ﺎﺑﻴﺘﻜﻤ ﹸ ﺎﻛﻤ ﹸ ﺎﻧﺘﻤﺃ ﻣﻌﻜﻢ ﹸ ﻋﻨﺪﻛﻢ ﹸ ﻋﻨﻜﻢ ﹸ ﹺﺑﻜﻢ ﹸ ﹶﻟﻜﻢ ﹸ ﺑﻴﺘﻜﻢ ﻓﻲ ﹸ ﺑﻴﺘﻜﻢ ﹸ ﻛﻢ ﹸ ﻧﺘﻢﺃ ﻣﻌﻚ ﻋﻨﺪﻙ ﻋﻨﻚ ﹺﺑﻚ ﹶﻟﻚ ﺑﻴﺘﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﺘﻚ ِﻙ ﻧﺖﺃ ﺎﺎ ﻣﻌﻜﻤﻋﻨﺪﻛﻤ ﹸ ﹸ ﺎﻋﻨﻜﻤ ﹸ ﺎﺎ ﹺﺑﻜﻤﹶﻟﻜﻤ ﹸ ﹸ ﺎﺑﻴﺘﻜﻤ ﻓﻲ ﹸ ﺎﺑﻴﺘﻜﻤ ﹸ ﺎﻛﻤ ﹸ ﺎﻧﺘﻤﺃ ﻣﻌﻜ ﹸﻦ ﻋﻨﺪﻛ ﹸﻦ ﻋﻨﻜ ﹸﻦ ﹺﺑﻜ ﹸﻦ ﹶﻟﻜ ﹸﻦ ﺑﻴﺘﻜ ﻓﻲ ﹸﻦ ﺑﻴﺘﻜ ﹸﻦ ﻛ ﹸﻦ ﻧﺘﺃ ﻦ ﻣﻌﻲ ﻋﻨﺪﻱ ﻲﻋ ﻨ ﹺﺑﻲ ﻟﻲ ﺑﻴﺘﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﺘﻲ ﻱ ﺎﺃﻧ ﺎﻣﻌﻨ ﺎﻋﻨﺪﻧ ﺎﻋ ﻨ ﺎﹺﺑﻨ ﺎﹶﻟﻨ ﺎﺑﻴﺘﻨ ﻓﻲ ﺎﺑﻴﺘﻨ ﺎﻧ ﻧﺤﻦ Pronouns-01-solved.doc Page 11
- 13. ﻣﻦ ﺇﻟﹶﻰ ﻓﻲﻋﻠﻰ ﹶ on in to from ﺋﺮﺿﻤﺎ in Muhammad’s book = ﺎﹺﺑﻪﻓﻲ ﻛﺘ Muhammad’s book = ﺑﻪﺎﻛﺘ ﺿﻤﻴﺮ (plural) ﺪ ﺎﺏ ﻣﺤﺪ ﻓﻲ ِﻛﺘ ﺎﺏ ﻣﺤﻛﺘ ﻤ ﹺ ﻤ (singular) Pronouns ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﻣ ﺮ ﻓﻮ ﻉ ﹸ ﺎﻫﻤ ﻫﻢ ﺎﻫ ﻫﻲ ﺎﻫﻤ ﺎﻫﻤ ﻫ ﻦ ﻫ ﻦ ﻙ ﻧﺖﺃ ﺎﻛﻤ ﹸ ﺎﻧﺘﻤﺃ ﻛﻢ ﹸ ﻧﺘﻢﺃ ﻙ ﻧﺖﺃ ﺎﻛﻤ ﹸ ﺎﻧﺘﻤﺃ ﻛ ﹸﻦ ﻧﺘﺃ ﻦ ﻱ ﺎﺃﻧ ﺎﻧ ﻱand we attach to it the pronoun ﻱ ﻫﻮ ﻫﻢ Please note: When a word ends with in the nominative case ﺎﻫﻤ his book in the accusative and genitive cases ﻩ in his book ﻧﺤﻦ (of the speaker) it results in ﻱ ... = ( ﺎﺀ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺘﻜ ﱢﻢ...ﻱ + ﻱ ) ﻳ ﻱ ﹶﻠ ﹺ ُ Pronouns-01.doc Page 12
- 14. ﻣﻊ ﻋﻨ ﺪ ﻋﻦ from,off, about, away from, concerning ﺪ ﺑﻴﺖ ﻣﺤ ﺪ ﻓﻲﻴﺖ ﻣﺤﻤ ﺑ ﻤ ِﻟـ ِﺑـ in Muhammad’s house = Muhammad’s house = at, by, near, at the time when with, by, in, at, on for ﺑﻴﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﺘﻪ in his house with his house ﺋﺮﺿﻤﺎ ﺿﻤﻴﺮ (plural) (singular) Pronouns ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﻣ ﺮ ﻓﻮ ﻉ ﹸ in the nominati ve case ﻩ ﻫﻮ ﺎﻫﻤ ﺎﻫﻤ ﻫﻢ ﻫﻢ ﺎﻫ ﻫﻲ ﺎﻫﻤ ﺎﻫﻤ ﻫ ﻦ ﻫ ﻦ ﻙ ﻧﺖﺃ ﺎﻛﻤ ﹸ ﺎﻧﺘﻤﺃ ﻛﻢ ﹸ ﻧﺘﻢﺃ ِﻙ ﻧﺖﺃ ﺎﻛﻤ ﹸ ﺎﻧﺘﻤﺃ ﻛ ﹸﻦ ﻧﺘﺃ ﻦ ﻱ ﺎﺃﻧ ﺎﻧ Pronouns-01.doc in the accusative and genitive cases ﻧﺤﻦ Page 13
- 15. ﺍﻟﹾ ﺎ ﺍﻟﹾ ﺎ ﹺﹶﻴThe Possessive (or Genitive) Case - ﻤﻀ ﻑ ﻭ ﻤﻀ ﻑ ﺇﻟ ﻪ More Examples from Qur’an and Hadith ﺑﻴ ﺍﷲِ ﺖ ﺭ ﻮ ﹸ ﺍﷲِ ﺳﻝ ﻧﺼ ﺍﷲِ ﺮ ﺃﹶﻣ ﺍﷲِ ﺮ ﻋﺒ ﺍﷲِ ﺪ ﻧﺎﻗﹶ ﹸ ﺍﷲِ ﺔ ﻳﻮ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞﹺ ﻡ ﹶ ﻟﹶﻴﻠﹶ ﹸ ﺍﻟﻘﹶﺪﺭﹺ ﺔ ﻣﺜﹾﻘﹶﺎ ﹸ ﺫ ﺓ ﻝ ﹶﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺩﻳﻦﹺ ﺍﷲِ ﺑﹺﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﹶﻠﹶﻖﹺ ﺏ ﺑﹺﺄﹶﺻﺤﺎﺏﹺ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻞﹺ ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﻃﹶﻌﺎﻡﹺ ﺍﳌﺴﻜﻴﻦﹺ ﺑﹺﺴﻢﹺ ﺍﷲِ ﻖ ﻭﻋ ﺍﷲِ ﺣ ﺪ ﺪ ﻋﺬﺍ ﺍﷲِ ﺷﺪﻳ ﺏ ﺐ ﻧﺼ ﺍﷲِ ﻗﹶﺮﹺﻳ ﺮ ﺤ ﺭ ﻮ ﹸ ﺍﷲِ ﻣ ﻤﺪ ﺳ ﻝ ﺤ ﻋﺒ ﺍﷲِ ﻣ ﻤﺪ ﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﹶﻌﺒ ﹸ ﺑﻴ ﺍﷲِ ﺔ ﺖ ﺍﻟ ﹸﺮﺁ ﹸ ﻛﺘﺎ ﺍﷲِ ﻘ ﻥ ﺏ ﻖ ﻗﹶﻮ ﹸ ﺍﻟ ﻮﻝﹺ ﺣ ﻝ ﺮﺳ ﺏ ﺃﹶﺻﺤﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﹶﻬﻒ ﺷﺒﺎ ﺏ ﻢ ﻓﹶﻀ ﹸ ﺍﷲِ ﻋﻈﻴ ﻞ ﺍﻟ ﻴﻄﹶﺎ ﹸ ﻋ ﺍﻹِﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺸ ﻥ ﺪﻭ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻓﹶﻀﻞ ﻛﹶﻼﻡﹺ ﺍﷲِ ﹸ ﻢ ﺑﻴ ﺍﷲِ ﻋﻈﻴ ﺖ ﻮ ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ﻳﻮﻡﹺ ﺍﻟ ﻳﻦﹺ ﺪ ﻫ ﺔ ﻃﹶﻠﹶ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﹾﻢﹺ ﻓﹶﺮﹺﻳﻀ ﹲ ﺐ ﺍﷲ ُ ﺳﺮﹺﻳ ﺍﳊﺴﺎﺏﹺ ﻊ ﺍﻟ ﻧﻴﺎ ﻣﺰﺭﻋ ﹸ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ ﺔ ﺪ ﺍﷲ ُ ﺭ ﺍﻟﺎﺱﹺ ﺏ ﻨ ﺍﷲ ُ ﻣﻠ ﺍﻟﺎﺱﹺ ﻚ ﻨ ﺍﷲ ُ ﺇﹺﻟﹶ ﺍﻟﺎﺱﹺ ﻪ ﻨ ﹸ ﱡ ﻧﻔﹾﺲﹴ ﺫﺍﺋﻘﹶ ﹸ ﺍﳌﹶﻮﺕ ﺔ ﻛﻞ ﻳﻮ ﺍ ﹸﻤﻌﺔ ﻳﻮ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺪ ﻡ ﻡ ﳉ ﺃﹶﻓﹾﻀ ﹸ ﺍﻟ ﱢﻛﹾﺮﹺ ﻻﺇﹺﻟﹶﻪ ﺇﹺ ﱠ ﺍﷲ ُ ﻭﺃﹶﻓﹾﻀ ﹸ ﺍﻟ ﻋﺎﺀِ ﺍﳊﹶﻤِ ﷲِ ﺪ ﻞ ﺪ ﻻ ﻞ ﺬ 41 Page Mudafu Mudafu Alei.doc
- 16. References from theNoble Quran for - ﺎﻑ ﺇﹶﻟﻴﻪ ﺍﹾﻟﻤ ﺎﻑ ﺍﹾﻟﻤ ﹺ ﻀ ﻭ ﻀ 114:1 Say you, I seek refuge in the Lord of all mankind. 110:1 When the help of Allah comes 97:3 The Night of Power is better than a thousand months. 78:37 From Him Who is the Lord of the universe and the earth and all that is in between them. 12:38 That is a grace of Allah upon us and upon mankind. ﺎﺱﻗﻞ ﹶﺃﻋﻮﺫ ﹺﺑﺮﺏ ﺍﻟ ﻨ ﹺ ﹸ ﹸ ﹾ ِﻧﺼﺮ ﺍﷲ ﺎﺀﹺﺇﺫﹶﺍ ﺟ َ ﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﹶﺃﹾﻟﻒ ﺷﻬﺮﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﹾﻟﻘﺪﺭ ﺧﹶﻟ ﹴ ﹺ ﹶﹸ ﹶ ﺎﻨﻬﻤﻴﺑ ﺎﻮﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﻣﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﻤ ﹺ ﺎﺱﺎ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻴﻨﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻀﻞ ﺍﷲِ ﻋﻠﺫ ﻨ ﹺ ﹶ ﹺ ﹶ ﹶ 85:10 and for them is the torment of fire ﻳﻖﻭﹶﻟﻬﻢ ﻋﺬﹶﺍﺏ ﺍﹾﻟﺤﺮ ﹺ ﹺ 2:39 They are the people of the hell. ﺎﺭﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺌﻚ ﹶﺃﺻﺤﻟﹸﺃﻭ ﻨﹺ 24:35 Allah is the light of the heavens and the earth. ﺍﻷﺭﺽﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻤٰﻮﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﹺ َ ﻧﱠ 50:42 This is the day of coming forth from the graves. ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﹾﻟﺨﺮﻭﺝ ﻟﻚﺫ ﹺ ﹶ 7:73 This is the she camel of Allah. 9:30 and the Christians said “Masih (Christ) is the son of Allah”. 6:127 For them is the home of safety. ِﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﷲﻫﺬﻩ ﻧ ﹶ ﹸ ِﺑﻦ ﺍﷲﻴﺢ ﭐﻯ: ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺴﺎﺭﻨﺼﻭﻗﹶﺎﹶﻟﺖ ﺍﻟ ِ ﻼﻡ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻟﻬﻢ ﺩﺍ ﺭ ﺴ ﹺ 39:10 and Allah’s earth is spacious. ﺍﺳﻌﺔﻭﹶﺃﺭﺽ ﺍﷲِ ﻭ ﹲ 48:29 Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. ِﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﹸ 2:252 These are the verses (Signs, Portents) of Allah. 10:25 and Allah calls towards the home of peace. 40:55/77 Therefore have patience (O Muhammad). Lo (surely,certainly)! The promise of Allah is true. Mudafu Mudafu Alei From Qur'an.doc ِﺗﻠﻚ ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﷲ ﹾ ﻼﻡ ﺍﺭﹺﺍﻟﺍ ﺇﹺﱃ ﺩﻳﺪﻋﻮ ُ ﺍﷲﻭ ﺴ ﹺ ﻓﭑﺻﹺﺒﺮ ﹺﺇﻥ ﻭﻋﺪ ﺍﷲِ ﺣﻖ ﱠ Page 15
- 17. Some Complex Examplesof ﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪﺎﻑ ﻭﻣﻀ ﻣﻀPlease analyze them ﻳﺮ ﺟﻤﻴﻞﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺑﻴﺖ ﺍ ﺑﺎﺏ ﹲ ﹺ ﹺ ﹺ ﺮﺓﺎﺟﺪ ﺍﷲِ ﻛﺒﻴﻮﺍﺏ ﻣﺴﹶﺃﺑ ﹶﹺ ﹲ ﹺ ِﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﷲ ﻟﺤ ﺫﻫﺐ ﺣﺎﻣﺪ ﺞ ﹶ Mudafu Mudafu Alei - Examples.doc Page 16
- 18. ﺷﺒﻪ ﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ ﹶ ﹸ The Phrase ﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪَﻇﺮﻑ ﻭﻣﻀ ﻭﺭ ﻭﻣﺠ ﺟﺎ ﺮ ﺭ ( ) ﻇﺮﻑ + ِﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﹶ ( + ِﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ) ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟ ﺮ Adverbial Phrase (adverb followed by a noun or pronoun) Prepositional Phrase (preposition followed by a noun or pronoun) ﻇﺮﻑ ﹶ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟ ﺮ Adverb Preposition ﺎﻡﺃﻣ ﻓﻮﻕ ﹶ ﻲﻓ ﺇﱃ ِﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﹶﻰ in front above in to from on ﺧﻠ ﻒ ﹾ ﺗﺤﺖ ِﺑـ ِﻟـ ﻋﻦ behind under by for away from . ﺠﺮﺓ ﻋﺼﻔﻮ ١( ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟ ﺭ ﹸ ﺸ ﹶ .ﲎﺎﺀ ﺍﳊﺴ١( ِﻟﻠﹼﻪ ﺍﻷﺳﻤ ُ ﹸ .ﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﻛِﺒﻴﺮ ﹲ٢( ﺃﻣ ﺓ ﹲ َﹶ .ﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺭﺟ ﹲ٢( ﻓ ﻞ . ﺎﺭﺓ ﻛﻠﺐ ﺻﻐﻴ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺍﻟ (٣ ﺮ ﹶ ﹾ ﺴﻴ .ﺔٌ ﺟﻤﻴﻠ ﹲﺎﻋﻳِﺮ ﺳ٣( ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﺮ ﹶﺔ ﹺ .ﺱ ﺳﺒﻮﺭ ﹲ ٤( ﺧﻠﻒ ﺍﳌﺪ ﺓ ﺭ ﹺ ﹸ ﹾ . ﻳﺎﺏ ﺟﺪ٤( ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺐ ﻛﺘ ﺪ ﹺ ﹶ ﹾ Please remember that ( ِﺷﺒﻪ ﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔPhrase), such as ﹶ ﹸ ﻭﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ( ﺟﺎPrepositional phrases ) and ﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ( ﻇﺮﻑ ﻭﻣﻀAdverbial phrases ), ﺭ ﹶ can never be ﺪﹲﺃﻣﺒﺘ (Subject ) even though a sentence may begin with it. The subject of a nominal sentence must be a noun or pronoun. Phrases.doc Page 17
- 19. Feminine Gender (ﺚ)ﺍﳌﺆ ﻧﹸ ﹸ a) The usual feminine ending, as said in the first lesson, is ﺓ ( closed Ta – ﻮﻃﺔ , ) ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺮe.g. ﺑﻘﺮﺓ , ﻓﹶﺎﻃﻤﺔ a cow, ﻳﺔ ﻗﺮa village, ﺳﻼﻣﺔsafety. ﺑ ﹶ ﹸ ُ ﹶ ﹸ ﹲ ﹶ ﹲﹶ ﹲ ﹶ However, two feminine nouns have a long ( ﺕopen Ta – ُﺔﻮﺣ) ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﺍﹶﳌﻔﺘ ُ ﹾ at the end. They are: ﹸﺃﺧﺖsister, ﹺﺑﻨﺖdaughter. b) The second feminine ending is known as alif maqşũrah ( ﻮﺭﺓ ﻒ ﻣﻘ) ﺃﻟ ﹾﺼ short alif which is ﻯpronounced as ã , e.g. ﻰ , ﹶﻟﻴﻠﹶﻰ ( ﺳﻠﻤnames of ﹾ women ), ﻯ ( ﺻﻐﺮsmaller,f. ), ﻯ ( ﻛﺒﺮgreater,f. ). ﹸ c) The third feminine ending is called alif mamdũdah ( ﺓﻭﺩ ﻒ ﻣﻤ, ) ﺃﻟ ﺪ long alif which is hamzah preceded by alif, e.g. ﺎﺀ ( ﺃﺳﻤname of a ُ ُ ُ woman ), ﺎﺀ ( ﻋﻤﻴblind woman ), ﺎﺀ ( ﺣﺴﻨbeautiful woman ). d) There are, however, feminine nouns that do not have any of these endings. They may be classified in the following categories: 1. Names of women, e.g. ﻳﻢﻳﻨﺐ ، ﻫﻨﺪ ، ﻣﺮﺯ 2. Females, e.g. ﹸﺍﻡmother, ﻭﺱ ﻋbride, ﺮ ﺎﻥ ﹶﺍﺗshe ass. ﹲ 3. Parts of the body that are double, e.g. ﻋﻴﻦeye, ﻳﺪ hand, ﹸﺍﺫﻥear, ﹸﹲ ﺭﺍﻉ ﺫarm, ﺭﺟﻞfoot, leg ﹲ ﹺ ﺎﻕ ﺳshank. 4. Names of towns and countries, e.g. ﻣﺼﺮEgypt, ﺎﻮﺭ Syria, ﺳ ﹺﻳ ﺍﳍﻨﺪIndia. 5. Some everyday words, e.g. ﺩﺍﺭhouse, ﺎﺭ ﻧfire, ﻳﺢ ﺭwind, ﹺ ﺎﺀ ﺳﻤsky, ٌ ﺷﻤﺲsun, ﺣﺮﺏwar, ﹶﺍﺭﺽearth, ﻧﻔﺲ soul, ﹾ ﻳﻖ ﻃﺮway,path. ﹶﹺ All the nouns that do not fall in these categories are masculine. You may also say that all nouns are masculine except those that belong to these categories. Feminine Gender.doc Page 18
- 20. Some Examples ofAdjectives ﻧﻌﺖ ﻭﻣﻨ ﻮﺕ ﻌ Please analyze them carefully and try to figure out the and then translate them into English ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﺍﳊﺴﻦ ﹶ ﻣﺤ ﺪ ﺍﳊﺴﻦ ﻤ ﹶ ﻭﹶﻟﺪ ﺣﺴﻦ ﺍﷲ ُ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ ﺻﺮﺍﻁ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﹲ ﺍﻟ ﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﱘ ﺮﺳ ﹸ ﺣﺎﻣﺪ ﺭﺟﻞ ﻃﺐ ﹲ ﹶﻴ ﺣﺎﻣﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﺭﺟﻞ ﻃﺐ ﹲ ﹶﻴ ﻭﹶﻟﺪ ﺍﳌﻌ ﱢﻢ ﺍﻟ ﺎﻟﺢ ﹸ ﻠ ﹺ ﺼ ﻭﹶﻟﺪ ﺍﳌﻌ ﱢﻢ ﺍﻟ ﺎﻟﺢ ﹸ ﻠ ﹺ ﺼ ﹺ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺣﺎﻣﺪ ﺍﻟ ﺎﺩﻕ ﺼ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺣﺎﻣﺪ ﺍﻟ ﺎﺩﻕ ﺼﹺ ﺑﻴﻨﺎ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪ ﺘ ﹶﺃﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻚ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴ ؟ ﹶ ﹺ ﺮ ﹶﺃﻳﻦ ﻗﻠﻤﻪ ﺍﳌﻜ ﻮ ؟ ﹶ ﹶ ﹶ ﹾﺴ ﺭ ﻗﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻘﻴﺒﺘﻚ ﺍﻟ ﻐﻴﺮﺓ ﹶ ﹶ ﹶ ﺼ ﺳﺎﺭﺗﻚ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﺟﻤﻴﻠﺔ ﻴ ﹶ ﹸ ﹶ ﹲ ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪ ﹶﺃﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﹶ ﹸ ﹶ ﹶ ﹾ ﻧ ﱠﺎﺭﺗﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﻤﺔ ﻣﻜﺴﻮﺭﺓ ﹲ ﻈ ﹶ ﹸ ﺍﺑﻨﻪ ﺍﻷ ﻝ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺱ َ ﻭ ﹸ 91 Page Adjectives.doc
- 21. The Exercises inthe Adjectives – Translate into Arabic 1. A big book and a small pen. 2. The big book and the small pen. 3. A new desk and the old school. 4. A small pen and the small book. 5. The old house and a new door. 6. The tall boy and a short girl. 7. The tall girl and the small boy. 8. An old chair and the new room. 9. The big girl and the small boy. 10. The short chair and a long desk. 11. A big book. On a big book. 12. The small school. In the small school. 13. From the old desk. On the new chair. 14. An old house. In the new school. 15. A big knife and the long key. 16. On the short boy. From an old friend. 17. The big room. On the big mountain. 18. A long street. In the small car. 19. The big book is on the new desk. 20. Hamid is a short boy and Khadijah is a tall girl. 21. Hamid is in the big house and Khadijah is in the old car. 22. The pen is on the new desk and the book is on the old chair. Adjectives.doc Page 20
- 22. Some references fromthe Qur’an for Adjectives ( ﻨﻌ)ﺍﻟ ﺖ 5:15 Undoubtedly, there has to come to you from Allah light and a luminous Book. 4:13 And that is the great success. 12:40 This is the right religion 45:10 And for them is a great torment. 49:3 For them is forgiveness and a great reward. . ﺒﻴ ﺘﺎﺏﻧﻮﺭ ﻭﻛ ﻗﹶﺪ ﺟﺎﺀﻛﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟ ﹼﻪ ﻦ ﻣ ﹺ ﻠ َ ﹸ . ﻟﻚ ﺍﹾﻟﻔﻮﺯ ﺍﹾﻟﻌﻈﻴﻭ ﺫ ﻢ ﹶ ﹶ ﻢﻳﻦ ﺍﹾﻟﻘ ﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺫ ﹶﻴ ﺪ ﹶ . ﻭ ﹶﻟﻬﻢ ﻋﺬﹶﺍﺏ ﻋﻈﻴ ﻢ . ﻐﻔﺮﺓ ﻭﹶﺃﺟﺮ ﻋﻈﻴ ﹶﻟﻬﻢ ﻢ ﹲ ﻣ 68:4 And undoubtedly, you possess excellent manners. .ﻠﻰ ﺧﻠﻖ ﻋﻈﻴﻢﹴﻚ ﹶﻟﻌﻭ ﹺﺇ ﹸ ﹴ ﻧ 8:74 For them is forgiveness and honourable provision. . ﻳﹶﻟﻬﻢ ﻣﻐﻔﺮﺓ ﻭﺭﺯﻕ ﻛﺮ ﹶ ﹺ ﻢ ﹺ ﹲ 44:17 and an honourable Messenger came to them. 2:219 in both there is great sin . ﻳﺎﺀﻫﻢ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﻛﺮﻭﺟ ﹲ ﹶﹺﻢ َ ﺎ ﹺﺇﹾﺛﻢ ﻛﺒﻴﺮﻓﻴﻬﻤ ﹶﹺ ﹺ 28:23 and our father is very old. . ﺎ ﺷﻴﺦ ﻛﺒﻴﺑﻮﻧﻭﹶﺃ ﺮ ﹶ ﹺ 1:5 Guide us in the straight path. .ﺍﻁ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢﺮ ﺎ ﺍﻟﺍﻫﺪﻧ ﺼ ﹶ 42:26 And for the infidels there is a severe torment. . ﻳﺍﻟﻜﹶﺎﻓﺮﻭﻥ ﹶﻟﻬﻢ ﻋﺬﹶﺍﺏ ﺷﺪﻭ ﺪ ﹶ 85:21 22 But it is a glorious Quran. In well guarded tablet. .ﺤﻔﻮﻅ . ﻓﻲ ﹶﻟﻮﺡ ﺁﻥ ﻣﺠﻴﺑﻞ ﻫﻮ ﻗﺮ ﹸ ﹴ ﻣ ﺪ ﹺ ﹸ ﹲ ﹾ 61:13 help from Allah and a near victory 26:195 In plain Arabic speech. 24:12 and say: it is a manifest untruth. 41:44 They are like those who are called from a far off place. 18:46 The wealth and sons are an adornment of the worldly life 18:46 and the good deeds that endure are better in the sight of your Lord for reward and better in respect of hope. 59:24 His are the Most beautiful names. Adjectives.doc ﻳﺐﻧﺼﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟ ﹼﻪ ﻭﻓﺘﺢ ﻗﺮ ﹶ ﹺ ﹶ ﻠ . ﻣﺒﻴﻦﹴ ﺎﻥ ﻋﺮﹺﺑﹺﺑﻠﺴ ﹺ ﻲ . ﺬﺍ ﹺﺇﻓﻚ ﻣﺒﻴﺍ ﻫﻭﻗﹶﺎﹸﻟﻮ ﻦ ﹺ ﹾ .ﺑﻌﻴﺪ ﻜﹶﺎﻥ ﺎﺩﻭﻥ ﻣﻦﻳﻨ ﹸﻭﹶﻟﺌﻚ ﻣ ﹶ ﺃ ﺎﻧﻴ ﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﳊﻴٰﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﺍﹾﻟﺒﻨﻮﻥ ﺯﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﹶﹾﻟﻤ ﺪ ﹸ ﹶ ﹶ ﹺ ﹸ ﺎ ﻭﺧﻴﺮﺍﺑﻚ ﹶﺛﻮﺤﺎﺕ ﺧﻴﺮ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻟﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗ ﺑ .ﹶﺃﻣﻼﹰ .ﻰﺎﺀ ﺍﹾﻟﺤﺴﻨﹶﻟﻪ ﺍﻷﺳﻤ ُ Page 21
- 23. Examples of SimpleSentences from Qur’an 85:21 It is a glorious Qur'an 21:24 This is a reminder 21:50 This is a blessed reminder 20:112 He is a believer 6:16 He is one God 19:36 This is a straight way ﻫﻮ ﹸﺮﺁﻥ ﻣﺠﻴﺪ ﹺ ﻗ ﹲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺫﻛﺮ ﹾ ﺎﺭﻙﻫﺬﺍ ﺫﻛﺮ ﻣﺒ ﹾ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺆﻣﻦ ﻫﻮ ﺇﹺﻟﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺮﺍﻁ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢﻫﺬﺍ ﺻ ﹲ 11:77 This is a day ﻳﻮﻡ ﻫﺬﺍ 11:103 That is a day ﻳﻮﻡ ﻟﻚﺫ 2:2 That is the Book ﺎﺏﻟﻚ ﺍﹾﻟﻜﺘﺫ 43:30 They said: “This is sorcery (mere magic)” 44:44 This (will be) a painful torment 46:12 This is a confirming Scripture 50:2 The disbelievers say: “This is a strange thing.” 53:56 This is a warner 54:8 The disbelievers will say: “This is a hard day.” 77:38 This is the Day of Decision ﺍ: ﻫﺬﺍ ﺳﺤﺮﻗﹶﺎﹸﻟﻮ ﻟﻴﻢﺬﺍﺏ ﹶﺃﻫﺬﺍ ﻋ ﻕ ﺎﺏ ﻣﺼﻫﺬﺍ ﻛﺘ ﺪ ﻓﻘﹶﺎﻝ ﺍﹾﻟﻜﹶﺎﻓﺮﻭﻥ: ﻫﺬﺍ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻋﺠﻴﺐ ﹺ ٌ ﹶ ﹶ ﻳﺮﻧﺬ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﻮﻡ ﻋﺴﺮ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﹾﻜﺎﻓﺮﻭﻥ: ﻫﺬﺍ ِ ﹶ ﹸ ﹸ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﹾﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﹺ ﹶ 11:103 That (will be) a Day of Testimony ﻮﺩ ﻳﻮﻡ ﻣﺸ ﻟﻚﺫ ﻬ ﹶ 16:116 This is lawful and this is forbidden ﺍﻡﻼﻝ ﻭ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺣﺮﻫﺬﺍ ﺣ ﹲ 14:52 This is a Message for mankind Nominal Sentence From Qur'an.doc ﺎﺱﻠﺑﻼﻍ ﻟ ﻫﺬﺍ ﹶﹲ ﻨ ﹺ Page 22
- 24. Some Examples ofSimple Grammatical Analysis of Sentences ﻫﺬﺍ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ .This IS a book ﺍﹾﻟﻘﻠﻢ ﻣﻜﺴﻮﺭ ﹶﹶ ﹾ ﻫﺬﺍ = ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ِ ﺍﹾﻟﻘﻠﻢ = ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ﹶﹶ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ = ﺧﺒﺮ .The pen IS broken ﻣﻜﺴﻮﺭ = ﺧﺒﺮ ﹾ ﺍﹾﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﻜﺘﺐ ﹾ ﹺ .The book IS on the desk ﺍﹾﻟﺤﻘﻴﺒﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﻜﺘﺐ ﹸ ﹾ ﹺ .The bag IS under the desk ﺍﹾﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ = ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ﺍﹾﻟﺤﻘﻴﺒﺔ = ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ﹸ ﻋﻠﻰ = ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟ ﺮ ﺗﺤﺖ = ﻇﺮﻑ - ﺷﺒﻪ ﺍﹾﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺧﺒﺮ ﹶ ﹶ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﻜﺘﺐ = ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﹾ ﹺ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﻜﺘﺐ = ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﹶﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﹾ ﹺ ) ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﻜﺘﺐ ( ﺷﺒﻪ ﺍﹾﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺧﺒﺮ ﹾ ﹺ ﹶ ﺍﹾﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻛﺎﺏ ﺍﷲِ ﹸ ﹸ ﺘ .The Quran IS the book of Allah ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺎﺟﺮ ﹶﺃﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ ﺘ ﹺﹺ ﹺ The merchant’s house IS in .front of the Mosque ﺍﹾﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ = ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ﹸ ﹸ ﺑﻴﺖ = ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ = ﺧﺒﺮ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﺎﺟﹺﺮ ِ = ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﹶﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﺘ ﺍﷲِ = ﹶﻟﻔﻆ ﺍﳉﻼﹶﻟﺔ - ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﹶﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﹾ ﹸ ﹶ ﹶ ﹶﺃﻣﺎﻡ = ﻇﺮﻑ - ﺷﺒﻪ ﺍﹾﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺧﺒﺮ ﹶ ﹶ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ = ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﹶﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﹺ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﹾﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﻟﻠﻤﺪ ﺱ ﹾ ﺭ ﹺ This house belongs to (IS .for) the teacher ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟ ﺍﺟﺔ ِﻻﺑﻦ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺆ ﱢﻥ ﺪﺭ ﹸ ﹺ ﺫ ﻫﺬﺍ = ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ِ ﻫﺬﻩ = ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ِ ﺍﹾﻟﺒﻴﺖ = ﺑﺪﻝ ﹲ ﺍﻟ ﺍﺟﺔ = ﺑﺪﻝ ﺪﺭ ﹸ ﹲ ِﻝ = ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟ ﺮ ِﻝ = ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟ ﺮ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺪ ﺱ = ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﺭ ﹺ ﺍﺑﻦ = ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﹺ ) ﻟﻠﻤﺪ ﺱ ( ﺷﺒﻪ ﺍﹾﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺧﺒﺮ ﹾ ﺭ ﹺ ﹶ This bicycle belongs to (IS for) the son of the .mu’adhdhin ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺆ ﱢﻥ = ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﹶﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ. ﺫ ) ِﻻﺑﻦ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺆ ﱢﻥ ( ﺷﺒﻪ ﺍﹾﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺧﺒﺮ ﹺ ﺫ ﹶ ﺍﹾﻟﻌﺮﹺﺑﺔ ﹸﻟﻐﺔ ﺳﻬﻠﺔ ﻴ ﹸ ﹲ ﹶ ﹲ .THE ARABIC IS an easy language ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﹾﻟﻌﺮﹺﺑﺔ ﺳﻬﻠﺔ ﱡ ﹸ ﻴ ﹸ ﹶ ﹲ ﺍﹾﻟﻌﺮﹺﺑﺔ = ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ﻴ ﹸ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ = ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ﱡ ﹸ ﹸﻟﻐﺔ = ﺧﺒﺮ ﹲ ﺍﹾﻟﻌﺮﹺﺑﺔ = ﻧﻌﺖ ﻴﹸ ﺳﻬﻠﺔ = ﻧﻌﺖ ﹶ ﹲ .THE ARABIC LANGUAGE IS easy ﺳﻬﻠﺔ = ﺧﺒﺮ ﹶ ﹲ 32 Page Grammatical Analysis.doc
- 25. Some Examples ofSimple Grammatical Analysis of Sentences ﺍﹾﻟﻜﺮﺳ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﻜﺴﻮﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﹾﻟﻐﺮﻓﺔ ﹸ ﻲ ﹾ ﹾ ﹶ The broken chair .IS in that room ﺍﹾﻟﻜﺮﺳ = ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ﹸ ﻲ ﹶﺃﺑﹺﻲ ﺗﺎﺟﺮ ﻛﺒﻴﺮ ﹺ ﹶﹺ .My father IS a big merchant ﹶﺃﺏ = ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﻜﺴﻮﺭ = ﻧﻌﺖ ﹾ ﻱ = ﻳﺎﺀ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺘﻜ ﱢﻢ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﹶﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ُ ﹶﻠ ﹺ ﻓﻲ = ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟ ﺮ ﺗﺎﺟﺮ = ﺧﺒﺮ ﹺ ﺗﻠﻚ = ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ِ ﹾ ﻛﺒﻴﺮ = ﻧﻌﺖ ﹶﹺ ﺍﹾﻟﻐﺮﻓﺔ = ﺑﺪﻝ. ﹶ ﹲ ) ﻓﻲ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﹾﻟﻐﺮﻓﺔ ( ﺷﺒﻪ ﺍﹾﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺧﺒﺮ ﹾ ﹶ ﹶ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﺳﺎﺭﺓ ﻴ ﹲ . )He has a car (a car IS with him ﻏﺮﻓﺔ ﹶﺃﺧﻲ ﹶﺃﻣﺎﻡ ﻏﺮﻓﺘﻲ ﹸ ﹶ ﹸ ﹶ ﹸ My brother’s room IS in front of .my room ﻋﻨﺪ = ﻇﺮﻑ - ﺷﺒﻪ ﺍﹾﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺧﺒﺮ ﻣﻘ ﻡ ﹶ ﹶ ﹶﺪ ﻏﺮﻓﺔ = ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﹸ ﹶ ﹸ ﺳﺎﺭﺓ = ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ﻣﺆ ﺮ ﻴ ﹲ ﺧ ﻱ = ﻳﺎﺀ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺘﻜ ﱢﻢ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﹶﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ُ ﹶﻠ ﹺ ﻩ = ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﹶﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ. ﹶﺃﺥ = ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﹶﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﹺ ﹶﺃﻣﺎﻡ = ﻇﺮﻑ - ﺷﺒﻪ ﺍﹾﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺧﺒﺮ ﹶ ﹶ ﻫ ﻻﺀ ﻣﺪ ﺳﻮﻥ ﺆ ِ ﺭ ﹶ .These ARE teachers ﻫ ﻻﺀ = ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ِ ﺆ ِ ﻏﺮﻓﺔ = ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﹶﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﹸ ﹶ ﻱ = ﻳﺎﺀ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺘﻜ ﱢﻢ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﹶﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ. ُ ﹶﻠ ﹺ ﻣﺪ ﺳﻮﻥ = ﺧﺒﺮ ﺭ ﹶ ﻟﻲ ﹶﺃﺥ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ I have one brother (belongs to me .)one brother ﺃﹶﻧﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺪﺭﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﱠﺎﻧﻮﺔ ﺜ ﹺﻳ ِﻝ = ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟ ﺮ ﺃﹶﻧﺎ = ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ﻱ = ﻳﺎﺀ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺘﻜ ﱢﻢ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ . ُ ﹶﻠ ﹺ ﻓﻲ = ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟ ﺮ ﹶﺃﺥ = ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ﻣﺆ ﺮ ﺧ .I AM in the secondary school ﺍﻟﱠﺎﻧﻮﺔ = ﻧﻌﺖ. ﺜ ﹺﻳ ) ﻟﻲ ( ﺷﺒﻪ ﺍﹾﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺧﺒﺮ ﻣﻘ ﻡ ﹶ ﹶﺪ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺪﺭﺳﺔ = ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ = ﻧﻌﺖ ) ﻓﻲ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺪﺭﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﱠﺎﻧﻮﺔ ( ﺷﺒﻪ ﺍﹾﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺧﺒﺮ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﺜ ﹺﻳ ﹶ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻀﻞ ﺍﷲِ ﹶ ﹺ ﺇﹺﻃﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟ ﻮﻝ ﺇﹺﻃﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﷲِ ﹸ ﺮﺳ ﹺ ﹸ ﻫﺬﺍ = ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ِ ﺇﹺﻃﺎﻋﺔ = ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﹸ ﻓﻀﻞ = ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﹶ ﹺ ﺇﹺﻃﺎﻋﺔ = ﺧﺒﺮ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﹸ ﻣﻦ = ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟ ﺮ ﺍﷲِ = ﹶﻟﻔﻆ ﺍﳉﻼﹶﻟﺔ - ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﹶﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ. ﹾ ﹸ ﹶ ﹶ ) ﻣﻦ ﻓﻀﻞ ﺍﷲِ ( ﺷﺒﻪ ﺍﹾﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺧﺒﺮ ﹶ ﹶ ﹺ 42 Page ﺍﻟ ﻮﻝ = ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﹶﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﺮﺳ ﹺ ﺍﷲِ = ﹶﻟﻔﻆ ﺍﳉﻼﹶﻟﺔ - ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﹶﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﹾ ﹸ ﹶ ﹶ Grammatical Analysis.doc
- 26. Some Examples ofSimple Grammatical Analysis of Sentences ﺁﻣﻨﺔ ﺫﻫﺒﺖ ﺇﱃ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺪﺭﺳﺔ ﹸ ﹶ .Amina WENT to the school ﺁﻣﻨﺔ = ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ﹸ ﺍﻟﻄ ﱠﺏ = ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ﱡﻼ ﺫﻫﺐ = ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﹶ ﹲ ﹴ ﺍﹾﻟﺠﺪﺩ = ﻧﻌﺖ ﺕ = ﺗﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﹺﻧﻴﺚ ُ ﹾ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ = ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ ) ﻫﻲ ( ﹲ ﺍﻟﻄ ﱠﺏ ﺍﹾﻟﺠﺪﺩ ﺫﻫﺒﻮﺍ ﺇﱃ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ ﹺ ﱞﻼ ﹶ The new students WENT to the .mosque ﺫﻫﺐ = ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﹶ ﹲ ﹴ Hidden Pronoun ﻭ = ﻓﺎﻋﻞ )ﻫﻢ( ﹲ ﺇﱃ = ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟ ﺮ ﺇﱃ = ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟ ﺮ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺪﺭﺳﺔ = ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ = ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﹺ ) ﺫﻫﺒﺖ ﺇﱃ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺪﺭﺳﺔ ( ﺍﹾﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﹾﻟﻔﻌﻠﺔ ﺧﺒﺮ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﹶ ﹸ ﻴ ﹸ ﹶ ) ﺫﻫﺒﻮﺍ ﺇﱃ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ ( ﺍﹾﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﹾﻟﻔﻌﻠﺔ ﺧﺒﺮ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﹺ ﹶ ﹸ ﻴ ﹸ ﹶ ﻫ ﻻﺀ ﺍﻟ ﺟﺎﻝ ﻓ ﱠﺣﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻳﺘﻲ ﺆ ِ ﺮ ﹸ ﹶﻼ ﹶ ﹶ These men ARE farmers from my .village ﹶﺃﻮﻫﻢ ﹺﺇﻣﺎﻡ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ ﹺ ﺑ ﻫ ﻻﺀ = ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ِ ﺆ ِ ﹶﺃﺏ = ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﻓ ﱠﺣﻮﻥ = ﺧﺒﺮ ﹶﻼ ﹶ Their father IS the IMAM of .this mosque ﹺﺇﻣﺎﻡ = ﺧﺒﺮ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﻫﻢ = ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﹶﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﺍﻟ ﺟﺎﻝ = ﺑﺪﻝ ﺮ ﹸ ﹲ ﻫﺬﺍ = ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﹶﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ِ ﻣﻦ = ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟ ﺮ ﻗﺮﻳﺖ = ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﹶ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ = ﺑﺪﻝ ﹺ ﹲ ﻱ = ﻳﺎﺀ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺘﻜ ﱢﻢ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﹶﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ُ ﹶﻠ ﹺ ﹸﺃﻭﻟﺌﻚ ﺍﻟ ﺟﺎﻝ ﺍﻟ ﱢﻮﺍﻝ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻮﻥ ﺟﺪﺩ ﺮ ﹸ ﻄ ﹸ ﹶ ﺍﻟ ﱠﺎﻟﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﹾﻟﺠﺪﺩ ﺫﻫﺒﻦ ﺇﱃ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﻄﻌﻢ ﹾ ﹺ ﻄ ﹶ The new students WENT to the .restaurant Those tall men ARE new .engineers ﹸﺃﻭﻟﺌﻚ = ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ِ ﺍﻟ ﱠﺎﻟﺒﺎﺕ = ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ﻄ ﺍﻟ ﺟﺎﻝ = ﺑﺪﻝ ﺮ ﹸ ﹲ ﺍﹾﻟﺠﺪﺩ = ﻧﻌﺖ ﺍﻟ ﱢﻮﺍﻝ = ﻧﻌﺖ ﻄ ﹸ ﺫﻫﺐ = ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﹶ ﹲ ﹴ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻮﻥ = ﺧﺒﺮ ﹶ ﺇﱃ = ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟ ﺮ ﻫ ﻻﺀ ﺍﹾﻟﻔﺘﻴﺔ ﺍﺧﻮﺓ ﺆ ِ ﹸ ﹲ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﻄﻌﻢ = ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﹾ ﹺ ﻫ ﻻﺀ = ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ِ ﺆ ِ ﻥ = ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ) ﻫ ( ﹲ ﻦ ﹶ ) ﺫﻫﺒﻦ ﺇﱃ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﻄﻌﻢ ( ﺍﹾﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﹾﻟﻔﻌﻠﺔ ﺧﺒﺮ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﹾ ﹺ ﹶ ﹸ ﻴ ﹸ ﹶ 52 Page ﺟﺪﺩ = ﻧﻌﺖ These young men ARE . brothers ﺍﹾﻟﻔﺘﻴﺔ = ﺑﺪﻝ ﹸ ﹲ ﺍﺧﻮﺓ = ﺧﺒﺮ ﹲ Grammatical Analysis.doc
- 27. Some Examples ofSimple Grammatical Analysis of Sentences ﻣﺜﻞ ﻮﺭﻩ ﻛﻤﺸـﻜﻮﺓ ﹶ ﹸ ﻧ ﹺ ﹶ ﺑﻴﺘﻨﺎ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪ ﻗﺮﻳﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﹶﻄﺎﺭ ﹶﹺ ﹺ ﺑﻴﺖ = ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﻣﺜﻞ = ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﹶ ﹸ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪ = ﻧﻌﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﻴﺖ ﹾ ﻩ = ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﹶﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﻧﺎ = ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﹶﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﻗﺮﻳﺐ = ﺧﺒﺮ ﹶ ﹺ ﻮﺭ = ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﹶﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﻧ ﹺ ﻛﹶـ = ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟ ﺮ ﻣﻦ = ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟ ﺮ ﻣﺸـﻜﻮﺓ = ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﺍﳌﹶﻄﺎﺭ = ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﹺ )ﻛﻤﺸـﻜﻮﺓ ( ﺷﺒﻪ ﺍﹾﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺧﺒﺮ ﹶ ﹶ ﻃﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻓﺮﻳﻀﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛ ﱢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ) ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ( ﹸﻞ ﹴ ﹶﹶ ﹾ ﹺ ﹶ ﹺ ﹲ ﻭ ِﷲِ ﻣﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﻭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭ ﺇﻟﹶﻰ ﺍﷲِ ﺍﳌﺼﻴﺮ ﹶ َ ﹺ ﹾ ﻃﻠﺐ = ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﹶ ﹶ ﻭ = ﺣﺮﻑ ﻋﻄﻒ ﹾ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ = ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﹶﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﹾ ﹺ ﻟـ = ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟ ﺮ ﻓﺮﻳﻀﺔ = ﺧﺒﺮ ﹶ ﹺ ﹲ ﺍﷲِ = ﹶﻟﻔﻆ ﺍﳉﻼﹶﻟﺔ - ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ. ﹾ ﹸ ﹶﹶ ) ِﷲ ِ ( ﺷﺒﻪ ﺍﹾﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺧﺒﺮ ﻣﻘ ﻡ ﹶ ﹶﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ = ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟ ﺮ ﻛ ﱢ = ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﹸﻞ ﻣﻠﻚ = ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ﻣﺆ ﺮ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﹾ ﺧ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ = ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﹶﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﹴ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﻭﺍﺕ = ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﹶﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺳﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻮ ﻄﺔ ﹶ ﹸ ﺳ ﹶ ﻭ = ﺣﺮﻑ ﻋﻄﻒ ﹾ ﺑﻌﺾ = ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ = ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ) ﻣﻌ ﹸﻮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﻭﺍﺕ ( ﻄ َ ﹺ ﻓﻲ = ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟ ﺮ ﺇﻟﹶﻰ = ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟ ﺮ ﻫﻢ = ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﹶﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﻭ = ﺣﺮﻑ ﻋﻄﻒ ﹾ ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺳﺔ = ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﹶ ﺍﷲِ = ﹶﻟﻔﻆ ﺍﳉﻼﹶﻟﺔ - ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﹾ ﹸ ﹶﹶ ﺍﳌﺘﻮ ﻄﺔ = ﻧﻌﺖ ﹸ ﺳ ﹶ ) ﺇﻟﹶﻰ ﺍﷲِ ( ﺷﺒﻪ ﺍﹾﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺧﺒﺮ ﻣﻘ ﻡ ﹶ ﹶﺪ ) ﻓﻲ ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺳﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻮ ﻄﺔ ( ﺷﺒﻪ ﺍﹾﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺧﺒﺮ ﹶ ﹸ ﺳ ﹶ ﹶ ﺍﳌﺼﻴﺮ = ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ﻣﺆ ﺮ ﹶ ﺧ ﺍﷲُ ﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﻭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺽ َ ﹺ ﻧ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻛﺘﺐ ﻗﻤﺔ ﹸ ﹶﻴ ﹲ ﺍﷲ ُ = ﹶﻟﻔﻆ ﺍﳉﻼﹶﻟﺔ - ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ﹾ ﹸ ﹶ ﹶ ﻓﻲ = ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟ ﺮ ﻮﺭ = ﺧﺒﺮ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﻧ ﻫﺎ = ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﻭﺍﺕ = ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﹶﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ) ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ( ﺷﺒﻪ ﺍﹾﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺧﺒﺮ ﻣﻘ ﻡ ﹶ ﹶﺪ ﻭ = ﺣﺮﻑ ﻋﻄﻒ ﹾ ﻛﺘﺐ = ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹲﺃ ﻣﺆ ﺮ ﹸ ﺧ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ = ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ) ﻣﻌ ﹸﻮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﻭﺍﺕ ( ﻄ َ ﹺ 62 Page ﻗﻤﺔ = ﻧﻌﺖ ﹶﻴ ﹲ Grammatical Analysis.doc
- 28. The Dual andthe Sound Masculine and Feminine Plurals Please change the following nouns into Dual and the Sound Masculine and Feminine Plurals and put them into their cases as shown in the example. Genitive FEMININE Accusative Nominative Genitive ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﻮﺏ ﻣﻨ ﺼ ﻣﺮ ﹸﻮﻉ ﻓ ﻭﺭ ﻣﺠ ﺮ ﻮﺏ ﻣﻨ ﺼ ﻣﺮ ﹸﻮﻉ ﻓ ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺔ ﹰ ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺔ ﹲ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﹴ ﺎﻣﺴﻠﻤ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻣﻔﹾﺮﺩ ـﻴﻦـﺘـﻴﻦ ﻣﺴﻠﻤـﺘـﺘـﺎﻥ ﻣﺴﻠﻤﻣﺴﻠﻤ ﹺ ﹺ ـﻴﻦﻣﺴﻠﻤ ﹺ ـﻴﻦﻣﺴﻠﻤ ﹺ ـﺎﻥﻣﺴﻠﻤ ﻰﻣﺜ ﹶﻨ ـﺎﺕﻣﺴﻠﻤ ـﻴﻦﻣﺴﻠﻤ ـﻴﻦﻣﺴﻠﻤ ـﻮﻥ ﻣﺴﻠ ﹶ ﻤ ﻊﺟﻤ ﻣﺆﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﹾﺮﺩ ـﺎﺕﻣﺴﻠﻤ ـﺎﺕﻣﺴﻠﻤ MASCULINE Accusative Nominative Singular Dual Plural ﻰﻣﺜ ﹶﻨ ﻊﺟﻤ ﺱ ﻣ ﺪ ﺭ ﻣﻔﹾﺮﺩ ﻰﻣﺜ ﹶﻨ ﻊﺟﻤ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺱ ﻣﻔﹾﺮﺩ ﻰﻣﺜ ﹶﻨ ﻊﺟﻤ ﻛﺎﻓﺮ ﻣﻔﹾﺮﺩ ﻰﻣﺜ ﹶﻨ ﻊﺟﻤ ﻓﺎﺳﻖ ﻣﻔﹾﺮﺩ ﻰﻣﺜ ﹶﻨ ﻊﺟﻤ Dual and Sound Plurals.doc Page 27
- 29. The Dual andthe Sound Masculine and Feminine Plurals Genitive FEMININE Accusative Nominative Genitive ﻭﺭ ﻣﺠ ﺮ ﻮﺏ ﻣﻨ ﺼ ﻣﺮ ﹸﻮﻉ ﻓ ﻭﺭ ﻣﺠ ﺮ ﻮﺏ ﻣﻨ ﺼ ﻣﺮ ﹸﻮﻉ ﻓ ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺔ ﹰ ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺔ ﹲ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﹴ ﺎﻣﺴﻠﻤ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻣﻔﹾﺮﺩ ـﻴﻦـﺘـﻴﻦ ﻣﺴﻠﻤـﺘـﺘـﺎﻥ ﻣﺴﻠﻤﻣﺴﻠﻤ ﹺ ﹺ ـﻴﻦﻣﺴﻠﻤ ﹺ ـﻴﻦﻣﺴﻠﻤ ﹺ ـﺎﻥﻣﺴﻠﻤ ﻰﻣﺜ ﹶﻨ ـﺎﺕﻣﺴﻠﻤ ـﻴﻦﻣﺴﻠﻤ ـﻴﻦﻣﺴﻠﻤ ـﻮﻥ ﻣﺴﻠ ﹶ ﻤ ﻊﺟﻤ ﺻﺎﺩﻕ ﻣﻔﹾﺮﺩ ـﺎﺕﻣﺴﻠﻤ ـﺎﺕﻣﺴﻠﻤ MASCULINE Accusative Nominative Singular Dual Plural ﻰﻣﺜ ﹶﻨ ﻊﺟﻤ ﻛﺎﺫﺏ ﻣﻔﹾﺮﺩ ﻰﻣﺜ ﹶﻨ ﻊﺟﻤ ﻣﺸﺮﻙ ﹺ ﻣﻔﹾﺮﺩ ﻰﻣﺜ ﹶﻨ ﻊﺟﻤ ﻧﺎﺟﺢ ﹺ ﻣﻔﹾﺮﺩ ﻰﻣﺜ ﹶﻨ ﻊﺟﻤ ﺭﺍﺳﺐ ﻣﻔﹾﺮﺩ ﻰﻣﺜ ﹶﻨ ﻊﺟﻤ Dual and Sound Plurals.doc Page 28
- 30. The Broken Plurals= ﻜﺴﻴﺮﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﺍﻟ ِ ﺘ ﹾ ﹶ ﻓﻌﻮﻝ ﹲ ﹸ ﺎﻝﹶﺃﻓﻌ ﹾ ﹲ ﺎﻝﻓﻌ ﹲ ﺎﻝ ﻓ ﹸﻌ ﹲ ﺷﻴﻮﺥ Sheik ﺷﻴﺦ ﺃﻭﻻﺩ ﹶ Child ﻭﹶﻟﺪ ﺎﻝﺭﺟ ﹺ ﹲ Man ﺭﺟ ﻞ ﹲ ﻃ ﱠﺏ ﹸﻼ Student ﻟﺐﻃﹶﺎ ﺿﻴﻮﻑ Guest ﺿﻴﻒ ﺎﺀﺑﻨﹶﺃ ٌ Son ﺑﻦﺍ ﺎﺭﻛﺒ Great Big ﻛﺒﻴﺮ ﹶﹺ ﺎﺭ ﺗ ﺠ Merchant ﺎﺟﺮﺗ ﹺ ﺣﻘﻮﻝ ﹲ ﹸ Field ﺣﻘﻞ ﹾ ﹲ ﺎﻡﹶﺃﻋﻤ Paternal Uncle ﻋ ﻢ ﺎﺭﺻﻐ Small ﺎﺝ ﺻﻐﻴﺮ ﺣ ﺠ Pilgrim ﺎﺣ ﺝ ﻗﻠﻮﺏ ﹸﹸ Heart ﻗﻠﺐ ﹶﹾ ﺍﺝﹶﺃﺯﻭ Spouse Husband ﺯﻭﺝ ﺎﺭﻗﺼ Short ﺭ ﱠﺎﺏ ﻗﺼﻴﺮ ﹶ ﻛ Rider Passenger ﺍﻛﺐﺭ ﻧﺠﻮﻡ Star ﻧﺠﻢ ﺎﺀﺁﺑ ٌ Father ﹶﺃﺏ ﺍﻝﻃﻮ ﹲ Tall ﻳﻞﻃﻮ ﹶﹺ ﹲ Unbeliever ﻛﹶﺎﻓﺮ ﺑﻴﻮﺕ House ﺑﻴﺖ ﹶﺃﻗﻼﻡ ﹾ ﹶ Pen ﻗﻠﻢ ﹶﹶ ﺎﻑﺿﻌ Weak Worker ﺎﻣﻞﻋ ﹲ ﺩﺭﻭﺱ Lesson ﺩﺭﺱ ﺍﺏﺑﻮﹶﺃ Door ﺎﺏﺑ ﺎﻝﺟﺒ ﹺ ﹲ Mountain ﺟﺒﻞ ﹲ ﻗﺮﻭﺵ ﹸ Monetary coin ﻗﺮﺵ ﻧﻬﺎﺭﹶﺃ River ﻧﻬﺮ ﻛﻼﺏ ﹶ Dog ﻛﻠﺐ ﹶﹾ ﺟﻴﻮﺏ Pocket ﺟﻴﺐ ﺎﻡﹶﺃ ﻳ Day ﻳﻮﻡ ﺎﺭﹺﺑﺤ Sea ﺑﺤﺮ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ Letter ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﻥﹶﺃﹾﻟﻮ ﹲ Colour ﹶﻟﻮﻥ ﹲ ﹺﺑﻼﺩ ﹶ Country ﺑﻠﺪ ﹶ ﻣﻠﻮﻙ ﹸ King ﻣﻠﻚ ﹶﺃﻣﻄﹶﺎﺭ Rain ﻣﻄ ﺮ ﹶ ﺎﺏﺻﻌ Difficult ﺻﻌﺐ ﺳﻴﻮﻑ Sword ﺳﻴﻒ ﹶﺃﻭﻗﹶﺎﺕ Time ﻭﻗ ﺖ ﹾ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﹸ Knowledge Companion ﺎﺣﺐﺻ ﻗﺼﻮﺭ ﹸ Palace ﺎﺀﹶﺃﺳﻤ ٌ Name ﺍﺳﻢ ﹶﺃﻃﻔﹶﺎﻝ ﹾ ﹲ Infant ﻃﻔﻞ ﹾ ﹲ ﹶﺃﻣﺜﹶﺎﻝ ﹲ Example ﻣﺜﹶﺎﻝ ﹲ ﺍﺭﻧﻮﹶﺃ Light ﻧﻮﺭ Broken Plurals.doc ﺎﺏ ﻋﻠﻢﹶﺃﺻﺤ ﹾ ﻗﺼﺮ ﹶ ﻛ ﱠﺎﺭ ﹸﻔ ﺎﻝ ﺿﻌﻴﻒ ﻋ ﻤ ﹲ Page 29
- 31. The Broken Plurals= ﻜﺴﻴﺮﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﺍﻟ ِ ﺘ ﹾ ﹶ ﹶﺃﻓﻌﻼﺀ ُ ﹶﹾ ﻓﻌﻼﺀ ُ ﹶﹸ ﺮﻑ ﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻣﻤ ﺼ ﻨ ﺮﻑ ﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻣﻤ ﺼ ﻨ ﻓﻌﻞ ﹲﹸ ﻓﻌﻠﺔ ﹶ ﹲ ﺎﺀﹶﺃﻏﻨﻴ ُ ﹾﹺ Rich ﻏﻨ ﹶﹺ ﻲ ﺯﻣﻼﺀ ُ ﹶ Colleague ﺯﻣﻴﻞ ﹲ ﺟﺪﺩ New ﻳﺪﺟﺪ ﻓﺘﻴﺔ ﹲ Youth ﻰﻓﺘ ﹶ ﹶﺃﺻﺪﻗﹶﺎﺀ ُ Friend ﻳﻖﺻﺪ ﺍﺀﻓﻘﺮ ُ ﹸﹶ Poor ﻓﻘﻴﺮ ﹶ ﻛﺘﺐ ﹸ Book ﺎﺏﻛﺘ ﺍﺧﻮﺓ ﹲ Brother ﹶﺃﺥ ﺎﺀﹶﺃﻗﻮﻳ ُ ﹾﹺ Strong ﻗﻮ ﹶ ﹺﻱ ﺎﺀﻋﻠﻤ ُ ﹶ Learned ﻟﻢﺎﻋ ﺣﻤﺮ Donkey ﺣﻤﺎﺭ ﺎﺀﹶﺃﺫﻛﻴ ُ ﹾ Intelligent ﺫﻛ ﻲ ﹶ ﺍﺀﻭﺯﺭ ُ Minister ﻳﺮﻭﺯ ﹺ ﺳﺮﺭ Bed ﻳﺮﺳﺮ ﹺ ﺎﺀﻧﺒﻴﹶﺃ ُ ﹺ Prophet ﻧﺒ ﹺﻲ ﺍﺀﺳﻔﺮ ُ ﹶ Ambassador ﺳﻔﻴﺮ ﺭﺳ ﻞ ﹲ Messenger ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﹲ ﺎﺀﹶﺃﻗﺮﺑ ُ ﹾﹺ Near ﻳﺐﻗﺮ ﹶﹺ ﺍﺀﹸﺃﻣﺮ ُ Governor Chief ﹶﺃﻣﻴﺮ ﻣﺪﻥ ﹲ City ﻳﻨﺔﻣﺪ ﹲ ﺎﺀﹶﺃﻃ ُ ﺒ Doctor Grandson ﺣﻔﻴﺪ ﺳﻔﻦ ﹸ Ship ﺳﻔﻴﻨﺔ ﹲ ﻃﺮﻕ ﹸ Way ﻳﻖﻃﺮ ﹶﹺ ﺍﺀ ﻃﺒﻴﺐﺣﻔﺪ ﹶ ُ ﹶﹺ Broken Plurals.doc Page 30
- 32. The Broken Plurals= ﻜﺴﻴﺮﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﺍﻟ ِ ﺘ ﹾ ﹶ ﹶﺃﻓﻌﻞ ﹲﹾ ﹶﺃﺷﻬﺮ Month ﹶﺃﺭﺟﻞ ﹲ ﻣﻔﹶﺎﻋﻴﻞ ﹸ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﻔﹶﺎﻋﻞ ﹸ ُ ﺮﻑ ﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻣﻤ ﺼ ﻨ ﹶﺃﻓﻌﻠﺔ ﹶ ﹲ ﹾ ﺮﻑ ﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻣﻤ ﺼ ﻨ ﹶﺃﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﹶ ﹲ Question ﺍﻝﺗﻴﺢ ﺳﺆﻣﻔﺎ ﹲ ﹶ Key ﺎﺡﻣﻔﺘ ﹾ ﺗﺮﺩﻓﹶﺎ Notebook ﺩﻓﺘﺮ ﹾ Leg Foot ﺑﺔ ﺭﺟﻞﹶﺃﺟﻮ ﹲ ﹺ ﹲ ﹺ Answer ﻮﺍﺏﻳﻞ ﺟﺎﺩﻣﻨ ﹸ Kerchief ﻳﻞﻣﻨﺪ ﹲ ﺗﺐﻣﻜﹶﺎ Desk ﻣﻜﺘﺐ ﹾ ﻧﻔﺲﹶﺃ ﹸ Soul Self ﻧﻔﺲ ﹾ Example Cup ﺎﻥﻓﻨﺠ ﹲ ﺎﺩﻕﻓﻨ ﹶ Hotel ﻓﻨﺪﻕ ﹶ ﹶﺃﺫﺭﻉ ﹾ Arm ﺍﻉﹶﺃﻃﻌﻤﺔ ﺫﺭ ﹲ ﹾ Masjid ﻣﺴ ﺠ ﺪ ﹺ ﻣﻼﹺﺑﺲ ﹶ Garment ﻣﻠﺒﺲ ﹾ ﺎﻃﺮﻣﺴ Ruler ﻣﺴ ﻄ ﺮ ﺓ ﹲ ﹶ ﺍﺭﺱﻣﺪ ﹺ School ﻣﺪﺭﺳﺔ ﹲ ﺋﻖﺩﻗﹶﺎ Minute ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﹶ ﹲ ﺎﺯﻝﻣﻨ ﹺﹸ Residence Dwelling ﻣﻨﺰﻝ ﹺ ﹲ ﺎﹺﻧﻊﻣﺼ Factory ﻣﺼﻨﺢ ﺍﻛﺐﻛﻮ ﹶ Planet ﻛﻮﻛﺐ ﹶﹶ ﻟﺲﺎﻣﺠ Assembly ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺍﻫﺮﺟﻮ Essence Substance ﺟﻮﻫﺮﺓ ﹲ ﺎﺭﺏﺗﺠ ﹺ Experiment ﺑﺔﺗﺠﺮ ﹲ ﹶﺃﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﹶ ﹲ ﹶﺃﻋﻤﺪﺓ ﹲ Broken Plurals.doc ﻣﺜﹶﺎﻝ ﹲ ﺎﺟﻴﻦﻓﻨ ﹶ ﹺ Food ﺎﻡﻳﻖ ﻃﻌﺎﺩﺻﻨ ﹶ Box Crate Column ﻋﻤﻮﺩ ﺍﺳﻛﺮ ﻲ ﹶ Chair ﺎﺟﺪ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕﻣﺴ ﹺ ﻛ ﺮﺳ ﻲ ﹸ Page 31
- 33. The Broken Plurals= ﻜﺴﻴﺮﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﺍﻟ ِ ﺘ ﹾ ﹶ ﻓﻌﻼﻥ ﹶ ﹲﹸ ﺎﻥﻗﻤﺼ ﹲﹸ ﻗﻤﻴﺺ ﹶ ﺍﻥﺑﻠﺪ ﹾ ﹲ Broken Plurals.doc Shirt Country ﺑﻠﺪ ﹶ Page 32
- 34. ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﹶﻟﺪ ﺻﺎﻟﺢ. Singular,Dual and Plural ﻫﺬﺍ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ. ﻫﺬﺍﻥ ﻭﹶﻟﺪﺍﻥ ﺻﺎﻟﺤﺎﻥ. ﻫﺬﺍﻥ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺎﻥ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺍﻥ. ﻫ ﻻﺀ ﹶﺃﻭﻻﺩ ﺻﺎﻟ ﻮﻥ. ﺆ ِ ﺤ ﹶ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ. ﹸ ﹲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﺪ ﺱ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ. ﺭ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺳﺎﻋﺔ ﺟﻤﻴﻠﺔ. ﹲ ﹶ ﹲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺱ ﻛﺒﻴﺮ. ﹶﹺ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻣﺪﺭﺳﺔ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﺔ. ﹲ ﹶ ﹲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻋﻴﻦ ﺟﻤﻴﻠﺔ. ﹶ ﹲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻗﻠﻢ ﻣﻜ ﻮﺭ. ﹶ ﹶ ﹾﺴ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻃﻔﻠﺔ ﺟﻤﻴﻠﺔ. ﹾﹶ ﹲ ﹶ ﹲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﹺﺑﻨﺖ ﻃﻮﻳﻠﺔ. ﹶ ﹺ ﹶﹲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻃﹶﺎﻟﺐ ﻣﺠﺘﻬﺪ. ﹺ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻃﹶﺎﻟﺒﺔ ﻣﺠﺘﻬﺪﺓ. ﹲ ﹺ ﹲ 33 Page Singular-Dual-Plural.doc
- 35. ﻫﺬﻩ ﻣﺪ ﺳﺔﺻﺎﻟﺤﺔ. ﹲ ﺭ ﹲ Singular, Dual and Plural ﻫﺬﻩ ﺳﺎﺭﺓ ﺳﺮﻳﻌﺔ. ﻴ ﹲ ﹺ ﹲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺻﻐﻴﺮ. ﻫﺬﺍ ﻗﻤﻴﺺ ﻧﻈﻴﻒ. ﹶ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﻨﺪﻳﻞ ﻭﺳﺦ. ﹲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺳ ﺟﻤﻴﻞ. ﻦ ﹲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻣﻤ ﺿﺔ ﻧﺸﻴﻄﺔ. ﺮ ﹲ ﹶ ﹲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻃﺒﻴﺐ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ. ﹶﹺ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺣﺪﻳﻘﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﻌﺔ. ﹶﹲ ﹲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻃﺎﺥ ﻣﺎﻫﺮ. ﹶﺒ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻛﻠﺐ ﻗﺼﻴﺮ. ﹶ ﹾ ﹶ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﹾﺤﺎ ﺍﹾﻟﻘﺼﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﹾﻴﺎﺑﺎﻥ. ﺝ ﹶ 43 Page Singular-Dual-Plural.doc
- 36. Numbers from 1to 10 in Arabic Rule # 1 Numbers 1 (one) and 2 (two) always come as adjectives ﻧﻌﺖ ﻟﺒﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓﻃﺎ ﹲ ﹲ ﺎﻥﺎﻥ ﭐﹾﺛﻨﺘﻟﺒﺘﻃﺎ Rule # 2 ﻃﺎﹶﻟﺐ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺎﻥﺎﻥ ﭐﹾﺛﻨﻟﺒﻃﺎ The numbers from 3 to 10 The things counted Rule # 3 From #3 to #10 the ( ) ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ( ) ﺍﳌﻌﺪﻭﺩ ﹶ come as come as ﺎﻑﻣﻀ ﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪﻣﻀ ( ﺍﳌﻌﺪﻭﺩthe things counted ) ﹶ will always be plural – If the thing counted ( ) ﺍﳌﻌﺪﻭﺩ ﹶ is masculine , the number ( If the thing counted ( Rule # 4 ) ﺍﳌﻌﺪﻭﺩ ﹶ is feminine, the number ) ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ( ) ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﺟﻤﻊ will be feminine. will be masculine. ﺍﺕ ، ﺛﹶﻼﺙ ﺳﺎﻋﺎﺕﺎﺭﺛﹶﻼﹶﺛﺔ ﹶﺃﻗﻼﻡ ، ﺛﹶﻼﹶﺛﺔ ﻛﺘﺐ ﻭﺛﹶﻼﺙ ﺳ ﹸ ﹸ ﻴ ﹴﹸ ﹸ ﹸ ﹾ ﹶﹴ With feminine ﺍﳌﻌﺪﻭﺩ ﹶ (the thing counted) With masculine ﺍﳌﻌﺪﻭﺩ ﹶ Counting without Feminine (the thing counted) 1 2 ﺛﹶﻼﺙ ﹸ ﺛﹶﻼﹶﺛﺔ ﹸ 3 ﺑﻊﹶﺃﺭ ﺑﻌﺔﹶﺃﺭ ﹸ 4 ﺧﻤﺲ ﺧﻤﺴﺔ ﹸ 5 ﺳ ﺖ ﺔﺳ ﺘ ﹸ 6 ﺳﺒﻊ ﺳﺒﻌﺔ ﹸ 7 ﺎﻧﹺﻲﹶﺛﻤ ﺎﹺﻧﻴﺔﹶﺛﻤ ﹸ 8 ﺗﺴﻊ ﺗﺴﻌﺔ ﹸ 9 ﻋﺸﺮ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﹸ 10 Numbers.doc ﹲ ١ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ٢ ﺎﻥﻨﺘﭐﹾﺛ ﹲ ٣ ﺛﹶﻼﺙ ٤ ﺑﻊﹶﺃﺭ ٥ ﺧﻤﺲ ﺖ ٦ ﺳ ٧ ﺒﻊ ﺳ ٨ ﺎﻥﹶﺛﻤ ٩ ﺗﺴﻊ ١٠ ﻋﺸﺮ Page 35 ﺍﳌﻌﺪﻭﺩ ﹶ Masculine ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺎﻥﭐﹾﺛﻨ ﺛﹶﻼﹶﺛﺔ ﹲ ﺑﻌﺔﹶﺃﺭ ﹲ ﺧﻤﺴﺔ ﹲ ﺔﺳ ﺘ ﹲ ﺳﺒﻌﺔ ﹲ ﺎﹺﻧﻴﺔﹶﺛﻤ ﹲ ﺗﺴﻌﺔ ﹲ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﹲ
- 37. ) ﺁﻳﺘﻚ ( Examples of Numbers from 3 to 10 from the Qur’an ﺛﹶﻼﺙ ﻗﹶﺎﻝ ﺀَﺍﻳﺘﻚ ﹶﺃ ﱠ ﺗﻜ ﱢﻢ ﺍﻟﺎﺱ ﺛﹶﻼﺙ ﻟﹶﻴﺎﻝ ﺳﻮﺎ ﹲ ﹶ ﻻ ﹶﻠ ﻨ ﹶ ﹴ ﹺﻳ :91 01 ﺛﹶﻼﹶﺛﺔ ﻓﻘﹶﺎﻝ ﺗﻤ ﻮﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﻛﻢ ﺛﹶﻼﹶﺛﺔ ﹶﺃﺎﻡ ﹺﹸ ﹶ ﻳ ﹴ ﹲ ﹶ ﹶ ﺘﻌ :11 56 ﹶﺃﺭﺑﻊ ﻓﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ ﹶﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﹶﺃﺭﺑﻊ ﺷﻬﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺑﹺﺎﷲِ ﹺﺇﻪ ﹶﻟﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺼٰﺪﻗﻴﻦ ﻧ ﹶ ﹸ :42 6 ﹶﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﻓﺴﻴ ﻮﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﹶﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﹶﺃﺷﻬﺮ َ ﹺ ﹶ ﹴ ﹲ ﹶ ِ ﺤ 2:9 ﺧﻤﺴﺔ ﻳﻤﺪﺩﻛﻢ ﺭﻜﻢ ﹺﺑﺨﻤﺴﺔ ﺁﻻﻑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻼ ِﺋﻜﺔ ﻣﺴ ﻣﻴﻦ ﹶ ﹶ ﹶ ﻮ ﹲ ﹸ ﺑ ﹸ :3 521 ﺳﺘﺔ ﹲ ﹺﺇ ﱠ ﺭﻜﻢ ﺍﷲُ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺧﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﻤٰﻮﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻓﻲ ﺳﺔ ﹶﺃﺎﻡ ﹶ َ ﺘ ﻳ ﹴ ﻥ ﺑ ﹸ :7 45 ﺳﺒ ﻊ ﻭﻗﹶﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﹺﺇﻲ ﹶﺃﺭﻯ ﺳﺒﻊ ﺑﻘﺮﺍﺕ ﺳﻤﺎﻥ ﻳﺄﻛﻠﻬ ﺳﺒﻊ ﻋﺠﺎﻑ ﹶ ﹾ ﹸ ﹸ ﻦ ﹶ ﻧ :21 34 ﺳﺒﻌﺔ ﹶﻟﻬﺎ ﺳﺒﻌﺔ ﹶﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﻟﻜ ﱢ ﺑﺎﺏ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺟﺰﺀ ﻣﻘ ﻮﻡ ﹴ ﹸﻞ ﹴ ٌ ﹾﺴ ﹸ ﹲ :51 44 ﺛ ﺎﻧﻲ ﹺﺇﻲ ﹸﺃﺭﻳﺪ ﹶﺃﻥ ﹸﺃﻧﻜﺤﻚ ﹺﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﭐﺑﻨﺘ ﻫﺎﺗﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﹶﺃﻥ ﺗﺄﺟﺮﻧﹺﻲ ﹶﺛﻤﺎﹺﻧﻲ ﺣﺠﺞ ﹴ ﻲ ﹺ ﹾ ﹾ ﻧ ﹺ ﹾ ﹶﻤ ﹺ :82 72 ﹶﺛﻤﺎﹺﻧﻴﺔ ﺳ ﺮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﺳﺒﻊ ﻟﻴﺎﻝ ﻭﹶﺛﻤﺎﹺﻧﻴﺔ ﹶﺃﺎﻡ ﺣ ﻮﻣﺎ ﹲ ﺨ ﹶ ﹺ ﹴ ﹶ ﻳ ﹴ ﺴ :96 7 ﻭﹶﻟﻘﺪ ﺀَﺍﺗﻴﻨﺎ ﻮﺳﻰ ﺗﺴﻊ ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﺑﻨﺎﺕ ﻴ ﹶ ﻣ :71 101 ﺗﺴﻊ ﺗﺴﻌﺔ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺗﺴﻌﺔ ﺭﻫﻂ ﻳﻔﺴﺪﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ َ ﹺ ﹶ ﹸ ﹶ ِ ﹶ ﹲ :72 84 ﻋﺸﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺎﺀ ﺑﹺﺎﹾﻟﺤﺴﻨﺔ ﻓﻠﻪ ﻋﺸﺮ ﹶﺃﻣﺜﹶﺎﻟﻬﺎ َ ﹶ ﹶ :6 061 ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﻓﻜ ﱠﺎﺭﺗﻪ ﹺﺇﻃﻌﺎﻡ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﻣﺴﺎﻛﻴﻦ ﹲ ﹶ ﹶﻔ ﹾ :5 98 63 Page Numbers.doc
- 38. ﺍﺣﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﹾﻟﺨﺒﺮ ﹸ ﹺ ﻣﻔﺮﺩ ﹾ )One Word (Not a sentence ﻣﺤ ﺪ ﻃﺎﻟ . ﻤ ﺐ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺆﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﺁﺓ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺆﻣﻦﹺ. ﹸ Type of Khabar ﺍﹾﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻤﺔ ﹶ ﹸ ﻴ ﹸ Nominal Sentence ﹺﺑﻼﻝ ﹶﺃﻮﻩ ﻭﺯﻳ . ﹶ ﹲ ﺑ ﹺ ﺮ ﻓﹶﺎﻃﻤﺔ ﳍﺎ ﻃﻔﻞ ﺻﻐﻴ . ﹸ ﹾ ﹲ ﺮ ﺍﹾﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﹾﻟﻔﻌﻠﺔ ﹶ ﹸ ﻴ ﹸ Verbal Sentence ﺣﺎﻣﺪ ﺫﻫﺐ ﺇﱃ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺪﺭﺳﺔ. ﹶ ﺍﻟ ﱡﻼﺏ ﺫﻫﺒﻮﺍ ﺇﱃ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﻠﻌﺐﹺ. ﹾ ﻄ ﹶ ﺷﺒﻪ ﺍﹾﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺧﺒﺮ ﹶ The Phrase coming as a Khabar ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟ + ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﺮ ﻇﺮﻑ ﹶ Prepositional Phrase Adverbial Phrase ﺍﹾﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﻜﺘﺐﹺ. ﹾ ﺍﹾﻟﺤﻤﺪ ِﷲ ِ. 73 Page ﺍﹾﻟﺠﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺃﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷ ﻬﺎﺕ. ﻨ ﹸ ﹾ ﹺ ُﻣ ﺍﹾﻟﺤﻘﻴﺒﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﻜﺘﺐﹺ. ﹸ ﹾ Types of Khabar
- 39. )(Verb ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ: )(Root letters ofthe verb ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺠﺰﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﺍﹾﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﹾﺤﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻴﺔ : ) ﺍﻟﹾﻤﻨﺼﻮﺏ Must do ﺍﻷﻣﺮ Don’t do Didn’t do Will not do ﻻﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻻ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻫﻴﺔ ﱂ ﻟﻦ :(Group ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ : ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺠﻬﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺬﻛﺮ ﻫﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺋﺐ ﻫﻢ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺆﻧﺚ ﻫﻤﺎ ﻫ ﻦ ﹶﺃﻧﺖ ﹶﺃﻧﺘﻢ ﹶﺃﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺆﻧﺚ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺨﺎﻃﺐ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺬﻛﺮ ﹶﺃﻧﺘﻤﺎ ﹶﺃﻧﺘﻤﺎ ﹶﺃﻧﺘ ﻦ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺘﻜﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺬﻛﺮ ﻭ ﺍﻟﹾﻤﺆﻧﺚ ﹶﺃﻧﺎ ﻧﺤﻦ )(Active Participle 83 Page ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ : )(Passive Participle ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ : )(Verbal Noun ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ : Blank Verb Conjugation Sheet