The document discusses the three types of pronouns in Arabic: separate pronouns, attached pronouns, and hidden object pronouns. Separate pronouns can occur at the beginning of sentences and as object pronouns before verbs. Attached pronouns are suffixes added to the ends of nouns, verbs, and particles. Hidden object pronouns are only used when emphasizing an object of a verb. Examples of different pronoun forms are provided for the first, second, and third person singular, dual, and plural.

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ٌ‫ل‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻤ‬
Connected
Attached to
verbs showing
the subject
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ARABIC PRONOUNS
‫ﺭ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫ﺍﻝ‬
The Pronoun
ٌ‫ل‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻤ‬
Connected
Attached to
nouns,verbs
& particles
‫ﺭ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻤ‬
Hidden
Object
Pronoun
Page 1
ٌ‫ل‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻤ‬
Separate
Object
Pronoun
Subject
Pronouns

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In Arabic we have 3 types of pronouns: separate, attached and hidden.
1- The Separate Pronoun ٌ‫ل‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺭ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬
We call them separate as they occur separated, i.e. not connected to a noun, or
a verb or a particle. They are of two forms:
First form: Separate pronouns which are very common and come mostly at
the beginning of a sentence ٌ‫ﺃ‬‫ﺩ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﻤ‬
ٍ
(1st
person)
The person who speaks
‫ﻡ‬‫ﱢ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬
I m/f. s َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﹶﺎ‬‫ﻨ‬
We m/f. d/p ‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺤ‬‫ﻥ‬
(2nd person)
The person you speak to
‫ﺏ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻁ‬‫ﹶﺎ‬‫ﺨ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬
You m. s َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺕ‬
You f. s َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺕ‬
You m/f. d َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬
You m. p َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻡ‬
You f. p َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻥ‬
(3rd person)
The person you speak about
‫ﺏ‬ِ‫ﺌ‬‫ﹶﺎ‬‫ﻐ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬
He/ it m. s ‫ﻫ‬‫ﻭ‬
She/ it f. s ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻫ‬
They m/f. d ‫ﻫ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺎ‬
They m. p ‫ﻫ‬‫ﻡ‬
They f. p ‫ﻥ‬‫ﻫ‬
Masculine (m.) ‫ﱠﺭ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺫ‬‫ﻤ‬
Feminine (f.) ‫ﻤ‬‫ﹲ‬‫ﺙ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺅ‬
Singular (s.) ‫ﺩ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﻤ‬
Dual (d.) ‫ﱠﻰ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﻤ‬
Plural (p.) ‫ﻊ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺠ‬

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Second form: They come only as the object of a verb, if we want to
emphasize that object, by putting it before the verb.
(1st
person)
The person who speaks
‫ﻡ‬‫ﱢ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬
I m/f. s ‫ﻱ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﺇ‬
We m/f. d/p ‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﺇ‬‫ﺎ‬
(2nd person)
The person you speak to
‫ﺏ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻁ‬‫ﹶﺎ‬‫ﺨ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬
You m. s ‫ﻙ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﺇ‬
You f. s ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﺇ‬‫ﻙ‬
You m/f. d ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﺇ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﺎ‬
You m. p ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﺇ‬‫ﻡ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻜ‬
You f. p ‫ﻥ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﺇ‬
(3rd person)
The person you speak about ‫ﺏ‬ِ‫ﺌ‬‫ﹶﺎ‬‫ﻐ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬
He/ it m. s ‫ﻩ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﺇ‬
She/ it f. s ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﺇ‬‫ﻫ‬‫ﺎ‬
They m/f. d ‫ﻤ‬‫ﻫ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﺇ‬‫ﺎ‬
They m. p ‫ﻡ‬‫ﻫ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﺇ‬
They f. p ‫ﻥ‬‫ﻫ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﺇ‬
x8$§ƒÎ)߉ç7÷ètΡx8$§ƒÎ)uρÚÏètGó¡nΣ∩∈∪〈Ex.
You (Alone) we worship, and You (Alone) we ask for help (for each and
everything)

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2- The Attached Pronoun ٌ‫ل‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺭ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬
They are also called “Pronouns Suffixes” as they come at the end of the word.
The Attached Pronoun in Arabic is of two forms:
First form: Attached to nouns, verbs and particles
ٌ‫ل‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ل‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﹺﺎ‬‫ﺒ‬
‫ﻥ‬ِ‫ﺈ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﺒ‬ ٌ‫ل‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫ل‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﺭ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﻑ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺤ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﺒ‬
ٌ‫ل‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﹺ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﹴ‬‫ﻡ‬‫ﺎﺴ‬
‫ﺭ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫ﺍﻝ‬
‫ل‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬
‫ﺭ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫ﺍﻝ‬
ُ‫ل‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬
Object
attached
to
the verb
Attached
to ِ‫ﺇ‬‫ﻥ‬
Attached to
prepositions
Attached
to nouns Attached
Pronoun
Separate
Pronoun
‫ﻡ‬‫ﱢ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬
(1st
person)
‫ﻨ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻝ‬َ‫ﺄ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻲ‬ ِ‫ﻨ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻨ‬ِ‫ﺇ‬‫ﻲ‬/‫ﱢ‬‫ﻨ‬ِ‫ﺇ‬‫ﻲ‬ ِ‫ﻝ‬‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﹺ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺘﺎ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﻲ‬ ...‫ِﻲ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﺎ‬ I m/f. s
‫ﹸ‬‫ﻝ‬َ‫ﺄ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻨ‬ِ‫ﺇ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺎ‬/‫ﺇ‬‫ﱠﺎ‬‫ﻨ‬ ‫ﹶ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺒ‬‫ﺘﺎ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺎ‬ ...‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﺤ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬ We m/f. d/p
‫ﺏ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻁ‬‫ﹶﺎ‬‫ﺨ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬
(2nd
person)
‫ﹸ‬‫ﻝ‬َ‫ﺄ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻙ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻨ‬ِ‫ﺇ‬‫ﻙ‬ ‫ﹶ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﻙ‬ ‫ﺒ‬‫ﺘﺎ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﻙ‬ ...‫ﻙ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ﹶ‬‫ﺕ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬ You m. s
‫ﹸ‬‫ﻝ‬َ‫ﺄ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻙ‬ ِ‫ﺇ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻙ‬ ‫ﹶ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﻙ‬ ‫ﺒ‬‫ﺘﺎ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﻙ‬ ...‫ﻙ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ﺕ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬ You f. s
‫ﹸ‬‫ﻝ‬َ‫ﺄ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﹸﻤﺎ‬‫ﻜ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻨ‬ِ‫ﺇ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﹶ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺒ‬‫ﺘﺎ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﺎ‬ ...‫ﻤ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﹸﻤﺎ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬ You m/f. d
‫ﹸ‬‫ﻝ‬َ‫ﺄ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻡ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻜ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻨ‬ِ‫ﺇ‬‫ﻡ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻜ‬ ‫ﹶ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﻡ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻜ‬ ‫ﺒ‬‫ﺘﺎ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﻡ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻜ‬ ...‫ﻡ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ﻡ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬ You m. p
‫ﹸ‬‫ﻝ‬َ‫ﺄ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻜ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻨ‬ِ‫ﺇ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻜ‬ ‫ﹶ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻜ‬ ‫ﺒ‬‫ﺘﺎ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻜ‬ ...‫ﻥ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬ You f. p
‫ﺏ‬ِ‫ﺌ‬‫ﹶﺎ‬‫ﻐ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬ (3rd
person)
‫ﹸ‬‫ﻝ‬َ‫ﺄ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻪ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻨ‬ِ‫ﺇ‬‫ﻪ‬ ‫ﹶ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﻪ‬ ‫ﺒ‬‫ﺘﺎ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﻪ‬ ...‫ﻪ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﻫ‬ He/ it m. s
‫ﹸ‬‫ﻝ‬َ‫ﺄ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻬ‬‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻨ‬ِ‫ﺇ‬‫ﻬ‬‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﹶ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺒ‬‫ﺘﺎ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﻬ‬‫ﺎ‬ ...‫ﻬ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻫ‬ She/ it f. s
‫ﹸ‬‫ﻝ‬َ‫ﺄ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻬ‬‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻨ‬ِ‫ﺇ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻬ‬‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﹶ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻬ‬‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺒ‬‫ﺘﺎ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻬ‬‫ﺎ‬ ...‫ﻤ‬‫ﻬ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻫ‬ They m/f. d
‫ﹸ‬‫ﻝ‬َ‫ﺄ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻡ‬‫ﻬ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻨ‬ِ‫ﺇ‬‫ﻡ‬‫ﻬ‬ ‫ﹶ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﻡ‬‫ﻬ‬ ‫ﺒ‬‫ﺘﺎ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﻡ‬‫ﻬ‬ ...‫ﻡ‬‫ﻬ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ﻡ‬‫ﻫ‬ They m. p
‫ﹸ‬‫ﻝ‬َ‫ﺄ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﻬ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻨ‬ِ‫ﺇ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﻬ‬ ‫ﹶ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﻬ‬ ‫ﺒ‬‫ﺘﺎ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﻬ‬ ...‫ﻥ‬‫ﻬ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﻫ‬ They f. p

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The pronouns of this form can come in different positions, for example:
1- Attached to nouns to show the possessor.
Ex. ‫ﹺ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺘﺎ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﻲ‬ The book of mine or my book.
2- Attached to prepositions ‫ﺭ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻑ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺤ‬
Ex. ‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻪ‬ From him.
3- Attached to the particle ‫ﻥ‬‫ﺇ‬ (Indeed)
Ex. ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺇ‬‫ﻙ‬ Indeed you (m. s)
4- Attached to verbs to show the object ‫ﻪ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﺒ‬ ٌ‫ل‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﻤ‬ .
Ex. ‫ﹸ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺄ‬‫ﺴ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﻪ‬ I ask him.

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Second form: Attached to verbs to show the subject
The subject here means: The one who does the verb ُ‫ل‬‫ﻋ‬‫ﹶﺎ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬.
ِA- Pronouns attached to the present tense verb
*The hidden pronoun will be explained later ُ‫ﷲ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺀ‬‫ﺸﺎ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﺇ‬
ُ‫ل‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﹾﻔ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺭ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫ﺍﻝ‬
Separate Pronoun
‫ﻉ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻀ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬
Present verb
ُ‫ل‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺭ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫ﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﺴﻡ‬‫ﺍ‬
Name of the
attached pronoun
‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﺎ‬َ‫ﺃ‬ُ‫ل‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻓ‬
‫ﺭ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺭ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬)‫ﹶﺎ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬(
Hidden pronoun*
‫ﻥ‬‫ﺤ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬ُ‫ل‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻤ‬)‫ﻥ‬‫ﺤ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬(
‫ﹶ‬‫ﺕ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬ُ‫ل‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻤ‬)‫ﹶ‬‫ﺕ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬(
‫ﺕ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻁ‬‫ﺨﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺀ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﹸﻤﺎ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﺍﻻ‬ ‫ﹸ‬‫ﻑ‬ِ‫ﻝ‬‫ﺃ‬
‫ﻡ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﻭﺍ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﻋ‬‫ﻤﺎ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬
‫ﻥ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺓ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﱢ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﹸﻭ‬‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻫ‬‫ﻴ‬ُ‫ل‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻤ‬)‫ﻭ‬‫ﻫ‬(
‫ﻲ‬‫ﻫ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬ُ‫ل‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻤ‬)‫ﻲ‬‫ﻫ‬(
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻫ‬‫ﺎ‬)‫ﺭ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺫ‬‫ﻤ‬(‫ﻴ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﺍﻻ‬ ‫ﹸ‬‫ﻑ‬ِ‫ﻝ‬‫ﺃ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻫ‬‫ﺎ‬)‫ﹲ‬‫ﺙ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺅ‬‫ﻤ‬(‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﺍﻻ‬ ‫ﹸ‬‫ﻑ‬ِ‫ﻝ‬‫ﺃ‬
‫ﻡ‬‫ﻫ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﻋ‬‫ﻤﺎ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭ‬
‫ﻥ‬‫ﻫ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺓ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﱢ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﹸﻭ‬‫ﻨ‬

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Important comments about the present tense verb:
1- The present tense verb has to start with one of the four following letters:
‫ﺕ‬ ،‫ﻱ‬ ،‫ﻥ‬ ،‫ﺃ‬ They are called ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻋ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻀ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﹸ‬‫ﻑ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺤ‬ (letters for the present)
a. The prefix ‫ﺃ‬ represents (I).
b. The prefix ‫ﻥ‬ represents (We).
c. The prefix ‫ﺕ‬ represents the 2nd
person
d. The prefix ‫ﻱ‬ represents the 3rd
person.
(With the exception of the 3rd
person f. s. ‫ﻫ‬‫ﻲ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬ُ‫ل‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬ and the 3rd
person f. d.
‫ﻫ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﻥ‬ they take the prefix ‫ﺕ‬ )
Important note:
These prefixes are not pronouns; they are only signs for the present tense verb.
The pronouns come only at the end of the word.
2- The present tense verb can come without a pronoun suffix, in that case
the first letter of the verb will be a sign that shows the subject (The one who did
the verb)
Ex. ‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬ُ‫ل‬‫ﹸﻭ‬‫ﻘ‬ means “we say” notice that no pronoun suffix attached to that verb for
(we). In such cases we say that the pronoun is hidden.
Important note:
The present verb for (she) and (you m. s.) are similar ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻫ‬ً‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬ُ‫ل‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬=‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺕ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬ُ‫ل‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬
3- The present tense verb can come with a pronoun suffix:
a. The pronoun suffix ‫ﻱ‬ called ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺀ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻁ‬‫ﺨﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺔ‬ (Yaa' of the spoken to f. s.):
comes only with you f. s. Ex. ‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﺕ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻥ‬
b. The pronoun suffix ‫ﺍ‬ called ‫ﹸ‬‫ﻑ‬ِ‫ﻝ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﺍﻻ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﻥ‬ (Alif of two): comes with the dual of the
2nd
and 3rd
person
Ex. ‫ﻤﺎ‬‫ﻫ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﻥ‬–‫ﻤﺎ‬‫ﻫ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﻥ‬ ‫ﻤ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﻥ‬-

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Important note:
The present verb for (they f. d.) and (you m. d.) is similar
Ex. ‫ﻤﺎ‬‫ﻫ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﻥ‬–‫ﻤ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﻥ‬
c. The pronoun suffix‫ﻭ‬ called ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻋ‬‫ﻤﺎ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﻭﺍ‬ (Waaw of group): comes with
masculine plural of the 2nd
and 3rd
person
Ex. ‫ﻡ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﻥ‬-‫ﻡ‬‫ﻫ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﻥ‬
d. The pronoun suffix ‫ﻥ‬ called ‫ﺓ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﱢ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﹸﻭ‬‫ﻨ‬ (Noon of women): comes with
feminine plural 2nd
and 3rd
person
Ex. ‫ﻥ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﻥ‬-‫ﻥ‬‫ﻫ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﻥ‬
Important note:
The letter ‫ﻥ‬ that sometimes comes at the end of the present as in
‫ﻡ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﻥ‬-‫ﻡ‬‫ﻫ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﻥ‬ is not a pronoun, it is related to the conjugation of the
verbs that we will study in coming lessons ‫ﹶ‬‫ﺸ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﺇ‬ُ‫ﷲ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺀ‬‫ﺎ‬ .

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B- Pronouns attached to the past tense verb
ُ‫ل‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﹾﻔ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺭ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫ﺍﻝ‬
Separate Pronoun
ُ‫ل‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻲ‬‫ﻀ‬‫ﹾﻤﺎ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬
Past verb
ُ‫ل‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺭ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫ﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﺴﻡ‬‫ﺍ‬
Name of the
attached pronoun
‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺕ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺀ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻔ‬ِ‫ل‬‫ﻋ‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻥ‬‫ﺤ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻋ‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﹶ‬‫ﺕ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺕ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺀ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻔ‬ِ‫ل‬‫ﻋ‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﺕ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﺕ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺀ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻔ‬ِ‫ل‬‫ﻋ‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﹸﻤﺎ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺀ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻔ‬ِ‫ل‬‫ﻋ‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻡ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﻡ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺀ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻔ‬ِ‫ل‬‫ﻋ‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻥ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺀ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻔ‬ِ‫ل‬‫ﻋ‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻫ‬َ‫ل‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻤ‬)‫ﻭ‬‫ﻫ‬(
‫ﻲ‬‫ﻫ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﺕ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻤ‬)‫ﻲ‬‫ﻫ‬(
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻫ‬‫ﺎ‬)‫ﺭ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺫ‬‫ﻤ‬(‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﺍﻻ‬ ‫ﹸ‬‫ﻑ‬ِ‫ﻝ‬‫ﺃ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻫ‬‫ﺎ‬)‫ﹲ‬‫ﺙ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺅ‬‫ﻤ‬(‫ﹶ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﺍﻻ‬ ‫ﹸ‬‫ﻑ‬ِ‫ﻝ‬‫ﺃ‬
‫ﻡ‬‫ﻫ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﻭﺍ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﻋ‬‫ﻤﺎ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬
‫ﻥ‬‫ﻫ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺓ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﱢ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﹸﻭ‬‫ﻨ‬

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Important comments about the past tense verb:
1- There is no prefix attached to the past tense verb.
2- The past tense verb comes without a pronoun suffix only in two cases:
a. The 3rd
person (m. s.) ‫ﻭ‬‫ﻫ‬َ‫ل‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬
b. The 3rd
person (f. s.) ‫ﹶ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻫ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﺕ‬ ends with ‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺀ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺙ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻨ‬ْ‫ﺄ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺍﻝ‬ (it is a ‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺎﺀ‬ with Sukoon at
the end of the past tense verb and it is a sign of femininity not a pronoun).
Also ‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺀ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺙ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻨ‬ْ‫ﺄ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺍﻝ‬ appears at the end of 3rd
person (d. f.) ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻫ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺎ‬ before the
pronoun ‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﹺ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﺍﻻ‬ ‫ﹸ‬‫ﻑ‬ِ‫ﻝ‬َ‫ﺃ‬ but we had to put Fat-hah on if due to Alif Maddiyyah
following it.
3- The past tense verb can come with a pronoun suffix:
a. The pronoun suffix ِ‫ل‬‫ﻋ‬‫ﹾﻔﺎ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺀ‬‫ﺘﺎ‬ comes with the singular of the 1st
person and
with all the subjects of the 2nd
person.
‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺕ‬–‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺕ‬-‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﺕ‬–‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﹸﻤﺎ‬‫ﺘ‬-‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﻡ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬–‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬
* Notice that the ending of the verbs in 2nd
person is the same as the ending of
the separate pronoun of that group. You can say them together as a rhyme.
b. The pronoun suffix ‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻨﺎ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻋ‬‫ﹾﻔﺎ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬ (Naa of the doers) comes with the dual and
the plural of the 1st
person ‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﹶﺎ‬‫ﻨ‬
‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺕ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺕ‬
‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﺕ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﺕ‬
‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﹸﻤﺎ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﹸﻤﺎ‬‫ﺘ‬
‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﻡ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﻡ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬
‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬

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c. The pronoun suffix ‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﹺ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﺍﻻ‬ ‫ﹸ‬‫ﻑ‬ِ‫ﻝ‬َ‫ﺃ‬ (Alif of two) comes with the dual of the
3rd
person ‫ﹶ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺎ‬ – ‫ﻼ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬
d. The pronoun suffix ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﻋ‬‫ﺎ‬ (Waaw of group) comes with masculine
plural of 3rd
person ‫ﹸ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﺍ‬
(The Alif that comes after that Waaw is not pronounced)
e. The pronoun suffix ‫ﻥ‬ ‫ﺓ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﱢ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﹸﻭ‬‫ﻨ‬ (Noon of women): comes with feminine
plural of the 3rd
person ‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﻥ‬
C - Pronouns attached to the Command Verb
Important comments about the command verb
1- The Command Verb is used for command ‫ﺭ‬‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺃ‬, request ‫ﺏ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻁ‬ and
supplication ‫ﺀ‬‫ﻋﺎ‬‫ﺩ‬ .
2- It is used for the 2nd
person only
3- It uses the same pronouns used with the 2nd
persons of present.
ُ‫ل‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﹾﻔ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺭ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬
Separate Pronoun
‫ﹺ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﻷ‬‫ﺍ‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﻓ‬
Command verb
‫ﹶ‬‫ﺕ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬ْ‫ل‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﺍ‬
‫ﺕ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻲ‬
‫ﹸﻤﺎ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﺍ‬
‫ﻡ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﺍ‬
‫ﻥ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻥ‬

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The verbs in the different tenses
ُ‫ل‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺭ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫ﺍﻝ‬
Separate Pronoun
‫ﻉ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﻀﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬
Present Tense
‫ﻲ‬‫ﻀ‬‫ﹾﻤﺎ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬
Past tense
‫ﹺ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﻷ‬‫ﺍ‬ ُ‫ل‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﻓ‬
Command verb
‫ﹶﺎ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬َ‫ﺃ‬ُ‫ل‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺕ‬
‫ﻥ‬‫ﺤ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬ُ‫ل‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﹶ‬‫ﺕ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬ُ‫ل‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺕ‬ْ‫ل‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﺍ‬
‫ﺕ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﺕ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻲ‬
‫ﹸﻤﺎ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﺍ‬
‫ﻡ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﻡ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﺍ‬
‫ﻥ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻥ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻫ‬‫ﻴ‬ُ‫ل‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬َ‫ل‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬
‫ﻲ‬‫ﻫ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬ُ‫ل‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﺕ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻫ‬‫ﺎ‬)‫ﺭ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺫ‬‫ﻤ‬(‫ﻴ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻫ‬‫ﺎ‬)‫ﹲ‬‫ﺙ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺅ‬‫ﻤ‬(‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻡ‬‫ﻫ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﺍ‬
‫ﻥ‬‫ﻫ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﻥ‬
‫ﺭ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﻋ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻀ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﹸ‬‫ﻑ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺤ‬‫ﺙ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻨ‬ْ‫ﺄ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﹶﺎﺀ‬‫ﺘ‬

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3- The Hidden Pronoun ‫ﺭ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻤ‬
The Hidden Pronoun can come in different positions in the sentence; for
example; it comes after some verbs to show the subject, as mentioned in page
6 & in page 9 before.
Ex. َ‫ﺃ‬ُ‫ل‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻓ‬ (I do) the subject is contained in the verb, and it is understood that the
one who did the verb is I or me.
Conjugation of the Arabic pronouns:
We already know that nouns might change of form after the change of the
position of that word in the sentences e. g. ‫ﺩ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﻭ‬–‫ﺩ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﻭ‬–‫ﺍ‬‫ﺩ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﻭ‬
But the Arabic pronouns do not change of form in any situation, they are built on
one form ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﻤ‬. You will never see a word like ‫ﻥ‬‫ﺤ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬ except like that with Dammah
at the end. Never ‫ﻥ‬‫ﺤ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬–‫ﹺ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺤ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬
If the pronoun is ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﻤ‬ as mentioned above, why does the attached pronoun ‫ـﻪ‬
comes sometimes with Kasrah and others with Dammah?
This is not due to the change of position of the word in the sentence, but to
letter that precedes it.
If it is preceded with ‫ﺓ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻜ‬ or long vowel َُ‫ء‬ it will have ‫ﹲ‬‫ﺓ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻜ‬ .
Ex. -‫ﻪ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻪ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﻬ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﻭ‬
Otherwise, it will have ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬
Ex. -‫ﻪ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻗ‬–‫ﻩ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺃ‬-‫ﻩ‬‫ﹶﺎ‬‫ﺨ‬َ‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻪ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻋ‬