madina _book _handouts.pdf

1. HANDOUTS
For
Madina Book 1
Prepared by
The Institute of the Language of the Qur’an
(Toronto)
(NO Copy rights reserved)
Subject Page
Parts of the Speech ……………………. 1
The Arabic Alphabet …………………. 2
Arabic Nouns Have Endings …………. 3
Nominal Sentence ……………………... 4
Cases Exercises ………………………... 5
Sound Triliteral Verbs ………………... 6
Jarun Wa Majroorun From Qur’an … 8
Pronouns ………………………………. 9
Pronouns-01-solved …………………… 10
Pronouns-01 …………………………… 12
Mudafu Mudafu Alei …………………. 14
Mudafu Mudafu Alei From Qur’an … 15
Mudafu Mudafu Alei - Examples ……. 16
Phrases ………………………………… 17
Feminine Gender ……………………… 18
Adjectives ……………………………… 19
Nominal Sentences From Qur’an ……. 22
Grammatical Analysis ………………… 23
Dual and Sound Plurals ………………. 27
Broken Plurals ………………………… 29
Singular-Dual-Plural …………………. 33
Singular-Dual-Plural-Solved ………… 35
Numbers ……………………………….. 37
Types of Khabar ………………………. 39
Do you desire that you could understand the Book of Allah without a translation?
Do you wish to learn the language of the Qur’an?
You do not have to go to the Middle East to learn Arabic!
Now you can learn the language of the Qur’an from the comfort of your home, at your convenience.
Visit www.LQToronto.com, watch/download the DVDs, textbooks, solutions to the exercises and more of
the Madina Books Arabic Language Course, for free!
www.LQToronto.com email: info@lqtoronto.com

2. Parts of the Speech Page 1
Parts of the Speech
In English language there are 8 Parts of Speech namely:
Noun Pronoun
Verb Adjective
Adverb Preposition
Conjunction Interjection
In Arabic language there are 3 Parts of Speech:
‫اﺳﻢ‬
ٌ ْ
ِ = Noun ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬
ٌ ْ
ِ = Verb ‫ﺣﺮف‬
ٌ َْ = Particle
But these three Parts encompass all eight Parts of Speech of the English Language.
Parts of Speech in Arabic Language
Particle ‫ﺣﺮف‬
ٌ َْ Verb ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬
ٌ ْ
ِ Noun ‫اﺳﻢ‬
ٌ ْ
ِ
Preposition = ‫ﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮف‬
‫ﱟ‬َ َ
ُ ْ Verb (same as in English) Noun = ‫اﺳﻢ‬
ٌ ْ
ِ
Conjunction = ‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺣﺮف‬
َ ُ َْ
‫ﻄﻒ‬
ٍ ْ Pronoun = ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺿﻤ‬
ٌِْ َ
Adjective = ‫ـﻌﺖ‬‫ﻧ‬
ٌ َْ
/
‫ﺻﻔﺔ‬
ٌَِ
Adverb = ‫ﻇﺮف‬
ٌ َْ
Interjection = ‫اﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬ ‫اﺳﻢ‬
ِ ْ
ِ
ُ ْ
ِ

3. The Arabic Alphabet Page 2
The Arabic Alphabet and Vowel Signs
The Arabic letters of the alphabet are twenty nine (29) in number, all of which, with exception of
Alif, are consonants.
Consonants means it has speech sound.
There are three vowel signs in Arabic.
FATAH )
‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬َ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
( denoting “a” e.g. ‫د‬
َ = da ‫ر‬
َ = ra
KASRAH )
‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ِ
‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
( denoting “i” e.g. ‫د‬
ِ = di ‫ر‬
ِ = ri
DUMMA )
‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ُ
‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
( denoting “u” e.g. ‫د‬
ُ = du ‫ر‬
ُ = ru
SUKUN )
‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ْ
‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
( it is the sign denoting absence of a vowel.
A consonant that does not carry any vowel is marked by a Sukun.
In Arabic there are three (3) parts of speech.
‫اﺳﻢ‬
ٌ ْ
ِ (Noun) ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬
ٌ ْ
ِ (Verb) ‫ﺣﺮف‬
ٌ َْ (Particle)
Arabic ‫ا‬
ِ
‫ﺳﻢ‬
ٌ ْ includes English nouns, pronouns, adjectives and adverbs.
Arabic ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬
ٌ ْ
ِ is co-extensive with English verbs.
All words besides ‫اﺳﻢ‬
ٌ ْ
ِ and ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬
ٌ ْ
ِ are ‫ﺣﺮف‬
ٌ َْ - Particles.
‫اﺳﻢ‬
ٌ ْ
ِ (noun) may be indefinite )
‫ﻧﻜﺮة‬
ٌَ
ِ َ
( or definite )
‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬
ٌََِْ
( .
There are no definite or indefinite articles in Arabic language equivalent to English a, an, the.
Indefiniteness of ‫اﺳﻢ‬
ٌ ْ
ِ is indicated by ‫ـﻨﻮﻳﻦ‬‫ﺗ‬
َِْْ ( nunation at the end of the noun ) which means the
vowel sign is doubled at the end of the word.
Definiteness is indicated by ‫ال‬
َْ prefixed to the noun.
‫ﻛﺘﺎب‬
ٌ َِ a book ‫ـﻠﻢ‬‫ﻗ‬
ٌََ a pen
‫ْﻜﺘﺎب‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
ُ َِ the book ‫ْﻘﻠﻢ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
ُ ََ the pen
Since ‫اﺳﻢ‬
ٌ ْ
ِ cannot at the same time be definite and indefinite, ‫ـﻨﻮﻳﻦ‬‫ﺗ‬
َِْْ and ‫ال‬
َْ do not coexist.
‫ْﻜﺘﺎب‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
ٌ َِ and ‫ْﻘﻠﻢ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
ٌََ will be incorrect.
Tanween is also used with proper nouns i.e. ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ،‫ﺧﺎﻟﺪ‬ ،‫ﻳﺪ‬‫ز‬
ٌ ٌ ٌ
‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ
ِ َ َْ . Even though there is a
tanween at the end of the noun, these proper nouns are definite.

4. Arabic Nouns Have Endings Page 3
Arabic nouns have ENDINGS
to show their functions in a sentence.
Just like us, when we go to office, Bank or factory for work we have work cloths or uniforms, when we
go for formal functions like weddings, Valimas or reception, we dress accordingly. When we are at
home, we wear different cloths and when we retire for the night to sleep, we put on sleeping dress.
In short, we dress according to what the occasion or function demands.
Similarly, the Nouns have different endings to show their function in a sentence. It can be a subject
( Nominative case or ‫ﻣﺮﻓﻮ‬
َُْ
‫ع‬
ٌ ending ) or it can be an object of a verb ( Accusative case or ‫ﻣﻨﺼﻮ‬
ُ َْ
‫ب‬
ٌ ending )
or it can be a possessor of a thing or come after a preposition or an adverb ( Genitive case or ‫ﻣﺠﺮو‬
ُْ َ
‫ر‬
ٌ
ending ).
There are three endings of Noun (the vowel sign on the last letter of the noun).
1. Dammah ‫ب‬
ٌ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ،
َ ‫ب‬
ُ ‫ْﺒﺎ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ،
َ ‫ﺪ‬
ٌ‫ﻣﺤﻤ‬ ،
‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ ‫ب‬
ٌ ‫ﻛﺘﺎ‬،
َِ ‫ب‬
ُ ‫اﻟﻜﺘﺎ‬
َِ
2. Fatah ‫ﺑﺎ‬
ً‫ﺑﺎ‬ ،
َ ‫ب‬
َ ‫اﻟﺒﺎ‬ ،‫ﺪا‬
ً‫ﻣﺤﻤ‬ ،‫ﺑﺎ‬
ً‫ﻛﺘﺎ‬،‫ب‬
َ ‫اﻟﻜﺘﺎ‬
3. Kasrah ‫ب‬
ٍ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ،‫ب‬
ِ ‫اﻟﺒﺎ‬ ،‫ﺪ‬
ٍ ‫ﻣﺤﻤ‬ ،‫ب‬
ٍ ‫ﻛﺘﺎ‬،‫ب‬
ِ ‫اﻟﻜﺘﺎ‬
1. When the last letter of a noun has a DAMMAH
It is said to be ‫ع‬
ٌ‫ﻣﺮﻓﻮ‬
َُْ (it indicates Nominative Case)
.ٌ‫ﺟﻤﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺖ‬
ٌ ‫ﺑﻨ‬ ُ‫آﻣﻨﺔ‬ . ‫ﺪ‬
ٌ‫ﻣﺠﺘﻬ‬
َِْ ُ ‫ﺐ‬
ٌ ‫ﻃﺎﻟ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻣﺪ‬
ٌ . ‫ق‬
ِ‫اﻟﺴﻮ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬
‫ﱡ‬ ‫ﺪ‬
ٌ‫ﻣﺤﻤ‬ ‫ذﻫﺐ‬
َ ََ
2. When the last letter of a noun has a FATAH
It is said to be ‫ب‬
ٌ ‫ﻣﻨﺼﻮ‬
ُ َْ (it indicates Accusative Case)
.‫ورﺳﻮﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪﻩ‬
ُُ ُ ََ ُُ َ ‫ا‬
ً‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫أﺷﻬﺪ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ ْ . ‫ك‬
َ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬
َِْ ‫ا‬
ً‫دوﻻر‬ ‫ﻛﻢ‬
ُْ ْ َ . ‫ق‬
ِ‫اﻟﺴﻮ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﱡ‬ ‫ا‬
ً‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﺖ‬
ُ ْ‫أ‬
َ‫ر‬
َ
3. When the last letter of a noun has a KASRAH
It is said to be ‫ر‬
ٌ‫ﻣﺠﺮو‬
ُْ َ (it indicates Genitive Case)
‫؟‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬ ‫ﺮ‬
ٍ‫ﺷﻬ‬ ‫أي‬
ْ َ ‫ﱡ‬ ‫؟‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬ ‫م‬ٍ‫ﻳﻮ‬ ‫أي‬
َ ‫ﱡ‬ .‫ﺮ‬
ِ‫ﻳ‬‫ﺮ‬‫اﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ‬
ِ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
َُ ‫ا‬ . ‫ﺪ‬
ٍ ‫ﻣﺤﻤ‬ ‫ﺎب‬
ُ ‫ﺘ‬
َ‫ﻛ‬‫ﻫﺬا‬
ِ
Please memorize the above ARABIC TERMS and watch carefully the
ENDING VOWEL SIGNS ON NOUNS TO KNOW ITS FUNCTION IN
THE SENTENCE.

5. Nominal Sentence Page 4
Nominal Sentence )
‫ْﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
َُْ ُ َ
‫ا‬
‫ﻻ‬
‫ﺳﻤﻴﺔ‬
ُ‫ﱠ‬ِ ْ
(
What is a sentence?
Sentence is a group of words which make complete sense.
Muhammad is a student.
Hamid is sick.
The core ingredients of any sentence are a subject and a predicate. The subject names a person, a place
or a thing we are talking about. The predicate makes a statement about the subject. In other words the
predicate is the part of a sentence which expresses what is said about the subject.
In the above two sentences Muhammad and Hamid are subjects and “is a student” and “is sick” are
predicates.
In Arabic language there are two kinds of sentences.
The one which begins with a noun )
‫اﺳﻢ‬
ٌ ْ
ِ
( is called nominal sentence ْ‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
‫ﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬
َُْ ُ
‫اﻻ‬
‫ﺳﻤﻴﺔ‬
ُ‫ﱠ‬ِ ْ
And the one which begins with a verb )
‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬
ٌ ْ
ِ
( is called verbal sentence ْ‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
‫ﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬
َُْ ُ
ْ‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
‫ﻔﻌﻠﻴﺔ‬
ُ‫ﱠ‬ِ
ْ
ِ
We shall discuss here only the nominal sentence.
A simple nominal sentence is of this form:
Zayd is learned. ‫ﻋﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﺪ‬‫ز‬
ٌ
ِ
َ ٌَْ
Fatimah is learned. ‫ﻓﺎﻃﻤﺔ‬
ُ َ
ِ َ
‫ﻋﺎﻟﻤﺔ‬
َ
ِ
َ
ٌ
The boy is intelligent. ‫ْﻮ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
َ َ
‫ذﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﺪ‬
‫ﱞ‬ َِ َُ
The girl is beautiful. ‫ـﻠﺔ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺟﻤ‬ ‫ْﺒﻨﺖ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
ٌَِْ
َ ُ ِْ َ
Just like in English, a nominal sentence in Arabic has two parts:
Subject ( ‫ْﻤﺒﺘﺪأ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
ََُُْ َ ) and Predicate ( ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ْﺨ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
ََُ َ )
The noun with which the nominal sentence begins is called )
‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪأ‬
ٌََُْ
( subject, and the other part
which says something about it is called )
‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬
ٌََ
( predicate.
Usually, the subject of a nominal sentence is a definite noun, either a proper noun like Zayd and
Fatimah , a noun with the definite article like ‫ْﻮﻟﺪ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
ََُ َ and ‫ْﺒﻨﺖ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
ُ ِْ َ or a pronoun.
The predicate is usually indefinite, and agrees in gender with the subject.
Both the subject and the predicate are marfu ‫ﻣﺮﻓﻮ‬
َُْ
‫ع‬
ٌ , that is, it will have one dumma or tanween
(double) dumma.

6. Cases Exercises Page 5
Put the following nouns into their respective “cases”. First as indefinite then as definite nouns;
then change them into feminine nouns and do like wise. Do as shown in the examples.
FEMININE MASCULINE
Genitive
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬
ٌ ُْ َ
Accusative
‫ﻣﻨﺼﻮب‬
ٌ ُ َْ
Nominative
‫ﻣ‬
َ
‫ﺮﻓﻮع‬
ٌ ُْ
Genitive
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬
ٌ ُْ َ
Accusative
‫ﻣﻨﺼﻮب‬
ٌ ُ َْ
Nominative
‫ﻣﺮﻓﻮع‬
ٌ َُْ
‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺔ‬
ٍ
َ ْ
ِ
ُ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺔ‬
ً َ ْ
ِ
ُ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺔ‬
ٌ َ ْ
ِ
ُ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬
ٍِ
ْ ُ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤ‬
ِ
ْ ُ
‫ﺎ‬
ً ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬
ٌ
ِ
ْ ُ
‫ﺻﺎدق‬
ٌ ِ
َ
‫ﻋﺎﻟﻢ‬
ٌ
ِ َ
‫ﻣﺆﻣﻦ‬
ٌ
ُِْ
‫ﻣﺪرس‬
ٌ ‫ﱢ‬ َ ُ
‫ﻛﺎﻓﺮ‬
ٌ
ِ
‫ﻛﺎذب‬
ٌ
ِ
‫ﻣﺸﺮك‬
ٌِ ْ ُ
‫ﻃﺎﻟﺐ‬
ٌ
ِ
‫ﻃ‬
َ
‫ﺒ‬
ِ
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺐ‬
ٌ
‫اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﺔ‬
ِ
َ ْ ُ
ِ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﺔ‬
َ َ ْ ُ
ِ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﺔ‬
ُ َ ْ ُ
ِ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻢ‬
ِِ
ْ ُ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻢ‬
َ
ِ
ْ ُ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻢ‬
ُ
ِ
ْ ُ

7. Sound Triliteral Verbs 6
Paradigm of the Unaugmented Triliteral Verb ‫اﻟﺜ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬ ‫أﺑﻮاب‬
‫ﱡ‬ ِ ْ
ِ
ُ َْ
‫ﻼ‬
َ
‫اﻟﻤﺠﺮد‬ ‫ﺛﻲ‬
ِ‫ﱠ‬َ ُ ‫ﱢ‬ِ
Group I - I Group I - A Group U - U Group A - A Group A - I Group A - U
(‫)ح‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﺎب‬
َ
ِ
َ (‫)س‬ ‫ﺳﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﺎب‬
َ َ
ِ (‫)ك‬ ‫ﻛﺮم‬‫ﺑﺎب‬
ََُ (‫)ف‬ ‫ـﺘﺢ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺑﺎب‬
َ ََ (‫)ض‬ ‫ﺿﺮب‬ ‫ﺑﺎب‬
َ ََ (‫)ن‬ ‫ﻧﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎب‬
ََ َ
‫ﺣ‬
َ
‫ﺴﺐ‬
َ
ِ
:
‫ﻳﺤﺴﺐ‬
ُ
ِ
ْ َ ‫ﺳﻤﻊ‬
َ َ
ِ
:
‫ﻳﺴﻤﻊ‬
ُ َ ْ َ ‫ﻛﺮم‬
ََُ
:
‫ﻳﻜﺮم‬
ُُ ْ َ ‫ـﺘﺢ‬‫ﻓ‬
َ ََ
:
‫ـﻔﺘﺢ‬‫ﻳ‬
ُ ََْ ‫ﺿﺮب‬
َ ََ
:
‫ﻳﻀﺮب‬
ُ ِ ْ َ ‫ﻧﺼﺮ‬
ََ َ
:
‫ـﻨﺼﺮ‬‫ﻳ‬
ُُ َْ
He
thought ‫ﺣﺴﺐ‬
َ
ِ
َ He heard ‫ﺳﻤﻊ‬
َ َ
ِ He became
noble ‫ﻛﺮم‬
ََُ He
opened ‫ـﺘﺢ‬‫ﻓ‬
َ ََ He struck
or hit ‫ﺿﺮب‬
َ ََ He helped ‫ﻧﺼﺮ‬
ََ َ
He
inherited ‫ورث‬
َ َِ
He
understood ‫ﻓﻬﻢ‬
َ َِ He moved
away ‫ـﻌﺪ‬‫ﺑ‬
ََُ He went ‫ذﻫﺐ‬
َ ََ He sat ‫ﺟﻠﺲ‬
َ ََ He wrote ‫ﻛﺘﺐ‬
َ ََ
He played ‫ﻟﻌﺐ‬
َ
َِ
He became
larger,
bigger
‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﻛ‬
ََُ
He
bowed
down
‫ﻛﻊ‬
‫ر‬
َ ََ
He
washed ‫ﻏﺴﻞ‬
َ َ َ He entered ‫دﺧﻞ‬
َ َ َ
He
memorized,
protected
‫ﺣﻔﻆ‬
َ ِ
َ
He
approached ‫ـﺮب‬‫ﻗ‬
َ َُ He
raised ‫رﻓﻊ‬
َ ََ
He
returned ‫رﺟﻊ‬
َ ََ He seeked ‫ﻃﻠﺐ‬
َ ََ
He drank ‫ﺷﺮب‬
َ ِ َ He did ‫ـﻌﻞ‬‫ﻓ‬
َ ََ He
descended ‫ـﺰل‬‫ﻧ‬
َََ
He
prostrated ‫ﺳﺠﺪ‬
َ َ َ
He
laughed ‫ﺿﺤﻚ‬
َ ِ َ
He
searched ‫ﺑﺤﺚ‬
َ َ َ He broke ‫ﻛﺴﺮ‬
ََ َ He killed ‫ـﺘﻞ‬‫ﻗ‬
َ ََ
He
became
happy
‫ﻓﺮح‬
َ َِ He cut ‫ﻗﻄﻊ‬
ََ َ He knew ‫ﻋﺮف‬
َ ََ He studied ‫در‬
ََ
‫س‬
َ
He rode ‫ﻛﺐ‬
‫ر‬
َ
ِ
َ
He
gathered ‫ﺟﻤﻊ‬
َ َ َ He lied ‫ﻛﺬب‬
َ َ َ He lived ‫ﺳﻜﻦ‬
َ َ َ
He
worked ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬
َ
َِ
He
prevented ‫ﻣﻨﻊ‬
َ ََ
He was
patient ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺻ‬
َََ
He
thanked ‫ﺷﻜﺮ‬
ََ َ
He knew ‫ﻋﻠﻢ‬
َ
َِ
He
explained ‫ﺷﺮح‬
َ ََ
He
triumphed ,
overpowered
‫ﻏﻠﺐ‬
َ ََ He cooked ‫ﻃﺒﺦ‬
َ ََ
He showed
mercy upon ‫رﺣﻢ‬
َ
ِ
َ
He
succeeded ‫ﻧﺠﺢ‬
َ َ َ He carried ‫ﺣﻤﻞ‬
َ َ َ He created ‫ﺧﻠﻖ‬
َ ََ
He
followed ‫ﺗﺒﻊ‬
َ َِ
He
benefited ‫ـﻔﻊ‬‫ﻧ‬
َ ََ He looked ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬
ََ َ
He
began ‫ﺑﺪأ‬
َََ He left ‫ـﺮك‬‫ﺗ‬
َ ََ
He asked ‫ﺳﺄل‬
َََ
He
attended ‫ﺣﻀﺮ‬
ََ َ
He read ‫أ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻗ‬
َََ He failed ‫رﺳﺐ‬
َ َ َ
He
provided ,
bestowed or
blessed
‫رزق‬
َ ََ
He
remembered
or mentioned
‫ذﻛﺮ‬
َََ
He
worshipped ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬
َََ
He came
out or
exited
‫ﺧﺮج‬
َ ََ
He
ordered ‫أﻣﺮ‬
ََ
He ate ‫أﻛﻞ‬
َ َ
He took ‫أﺧ‬
َ
‫ﺬ‬
َ

8. Sound Triliteral Verbs 7
The Conjugation of the Past Tense - ‫ْﻤﺎﺿﻲ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫ْﻔﻌﻞ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
ِ
َ ُ ْ
ِ
Please remember that in Arabic Verbs the doer of the action (‫ْﻔﺎﻋﻞ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
ُ
ِ َ ) is ALWAYS present. Either in
attached form or in its hidden form.
‫ْﻔﺎﻋﻞ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
ُ
ِ َ Suffix
He went ‫ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ‬
ٌ
َِْ ُ NIL ‫ذﻫﺐ‬
َ ََ ‫ﻫﻮ‬
َُ
They (2 men) went
‘Alif’ of
Dual ‫ﱠﻰ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺜ‬‫اﻟﻤ‬
َُ ‫أﻟﻒ‬
ُ َِ ‫ا‬
)
‫أﻟﻒ‬
ٌ َِ
( ‫ا‬ ‫ذﻫﺒﺎ‬
َََ ‫ﻫﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ
They (more than 2 men) went
‘Waw’ of
Plural ‫اﻟﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫واو‬
َِ َ ُ
َ ‫و‬
)
‫واو‬
( ‫وا‬
ْ ‫ـﻮا‬‫ﺒ‬‫ذﻫ‬
ََُْ ‫ﻫﻢ‬
ْ ُ
She went
‘Ta’ is the
sign of
feminine
‫اﻟﺘﺄﻧﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﺗﺎء‬
ِ ِْْ‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ‬
ٌ
َِْ ُ ‫ت‬
ْ ‫ذﻫ‬
ََ
‫ﺒﺖ‬
ْ َ ‫ﻫﻲ‬
َ
ِ
They (2 women) went ‫ا‬
)
‫أﻟﻒ‬
ٌ َِ
( ‫ت‬
ْ
+
‫ا‬ ‫ـﺎ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ذﻫ‬
ََََ ‫ﻫﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ
They (more than 2 women) went
‘Nun’ of the
Feminine
Plural
‫اﻟﻨﺴﻮة‬ ‫ﻧﻮن‬
ِ
َْ ‫ﱢ‬ ُ ُ ‫ن‬
َ ‫ن‬
َ ‫ـﻦ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ذﻫ‬
َ ََْ ‫ﻫﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ
You (man) went ‫ت‬
َ ‫ت‬
َ ‫ـﺖ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ذﻫ‬
َ ََْ ‫أ‬
َ
‫ﻧﺖ‬
َ ْ
You (2 men) went ‫ﺗﻤﺎ‬
َُ ‫ﺗﻤﺎ‬
َُ ‫ـ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ذﻫ‬
ََْ
‫ـﺘﻤﺎ‬‫ـ‬
َُ ‫أ‬
َ
‫ـﺘﻤﺎ‬‫ﻧ‬
َُْ
You (more than 2 men) went ‫ﺗﻢ‬
ُْ ‫ﺗﻢ‬
ُْ ‫ـﺘﻢ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ذﻫ‬
ْ ُ ََْ ‫أ‬
َ
‫ـﺘﻢ‬‫ﻧ‬
ْ ُْ
You (woman) went ‫ت‬
ِ ‫ت‬
ِ ‫ـﺖ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ذﻫ‬
ِ ََْ ‫أ‬
َ
‫ﻧﺖ‬
ِ ْ
You (2 women) went ‫ﺗﻤﺎ‬
َُ ‫ﺗﻤﺎ‬
َُ ‫ـﺘﻤﺎ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ذﻫ‬
َُ ََْ ‫أ‬
َ
‫ـﺘﻤﺎ‬‫ﻧ‬
َُْ
You (more than 2 women) went ‫ﺗﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ُ ‫ﺗﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ُ ‫ـﺘﻦ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ذﻫ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ ََْ ‫أ‬
َ
‫ـﺘﻦ‬‫ﻧ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُْ
I (male or female) went ‫ت‬
ُ ‫ت‬
ُ ‫ـﺖ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ذﻫ‬
ُ ََْ ‫أ‬
َ
‫ﻧﺎ‬
َ
We (male or female) went ‫ﻧﺎ‬
َ ‫ﻧﺎ‬
َ ‫ـﻨﺎ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ذﻫ‬
َ ََْ ‫ﻧﺤﻦ‬
ُ ْ َ
‫ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ‬
ٌ
َِْ ُ - hidden, implied, understood, tacit. ‫ْﻔﺎﻋﻞ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
ُ
ِ َ - The subject, i.e., “the doer of the action”.
The ‫أﻟﻒ‬
ٌ َِ of the third form (‫ﻫﻢ‬
ْ ُ) is not pronounced, though it must be written. It is called ‫ـﺔ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻳ‬‫ْﻮﻗﺎ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫أﻟﻒ‬
ِ
َ َِ ُ َِ
(the alif of protection). It ‘protects’ verbs like ‫أﺧﺬوا‬
ُْ َ َ (they took) where the ‫و‬ is not joined to the body of
the verb and therefore may be mistaken for the conjunction ‫و‬
َ meaning ‘and’.
Out of the fourteen forms, in 12 forms the ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬
ٌ
ِ َ (the doer of action) is attached “pronoun” (‫ﻣﺘﺼﻞ‬
ٌ
ِ ‫ﱠ‬ُ ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺿﻤ‬
ٌِْ َ ).
Only in two forms, i.e., ‫ﻫﻮ‬
َُ and ‫ﻫﻲ‬
َ
ِ the ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬
ٌ
ِ َ can be hidden or it can come after the verb in the sentence.

9. Jarun wa Majroorun from Qur’an Page 8
References from the Noble Quran for ‫وﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫ﺟﺎر‬
ٌُْْ َ َ
َ ‫ﱞ‬
‫ﺑ‬
ِ
‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
by, at, in
‫ﻟ‬
ِ
‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬
belongs to,
for
‫ﻋﻦ‬
ْ َ
away from
‫ﻓﻲ‬
ِ
in
‫إﻟﻰ‬
to
‫ﻣ‬
ِ
‫ﻦ‬
ْ
from
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
ََ
on
2:8 And there are people (from men are) who say,
“We believe in God and (in) the Last Day” ‫اﻷﺧﺮ‬
ِ َِ ‫ـﻮم‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻟ‬
ِ
َْْ‫ﺑﺎ‬
ِ‫و‬
َ ِ‫ﷲ‬‫ﺑﺎ‬
ِ ‫ﱠﺎ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ءاﻣ‬ ‫ـﻘﻮل‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
َ ْ َ
َ ُ ُ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﺎس‬
ِ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻨ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
َ
ِ ‫و‬
َ
17:1 From the Inviolable House of Worship [at
Mecca] to the far distant Place of Worship [at
Jerusalem]
‫اﻷﻗﺼﺎ‬
َ َْ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ‬
ِ ِ
ْ َْ ‫إﻟﻰ‬
َ ‫ام‬‫ﺮ‬‫اﳊ‬
ِ
ََْ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ‬
ِ ِ
ْ َْ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
َ
ِ
24:58 before the prayer of daybreak ‫اﻟﻔﺠﺮ‬ ‫ة‬
ِ ْ َْ ِ‫ﺻﻠﻮ‬
ََٰ ‫ـﺒﻞ‬‫ﻗ‬
َِْ ‫ﻦ‬
ْ ‫ﻣ‬
ِ
24:58 and after the prayer of night fall ‫اﻟﻌﺸﺂء‬ ‫ة‬
ِ ِْ ِ‫ﺻﻠﻮ‬
ََٰ ‫ـﻌﺪ‬‫ﺑ‬
ِ
َْ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
ْ
ِ ‫و‬
َ
2:10 In their hearts is a disease ‫ﻣﺮض‬
ٌ ََ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ـﻠﻮ‬‫ﻗ‬
ْ
ِِ
ُُْ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
ِ
2:17 and leaves them in utter darkness ‫ﻇﻠﻤﺎت‬
ٍ
َُُ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
ِ ‫ﻛﻬﻢ‬
‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺗ‬‫و‬
ْ ُ ََََ
2:27 and spread corruption in the earth ‫اﻷرض‬
ِ َْ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
ِ ‫ـﻔﺴﺪون‬‫ﻳ‬‫و‬
َ ُْ ِ َُْ
2:256 There shall be no coercion in matters of faith ‫اﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬
ِ ْ‫ﱢ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
ِ ‫اﻩ‬‫ﺮ‬‫إﻛ‬ ‫ﻵ‬
َ َْ
2:284 Unto God belongs all that is in the heavens and
all that is in the earth. ‫اﻷرض‬
ِ َْ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
ِ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫و‬
َ َ ‫ات‬‫ﻮ‬
ِ ‫اﻟﺴﻤ‬
ٰ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
ِ ‫ﻣﺎ‬
َ ِ‫ﷲ‬ِ
3:6 He is Who shapes you in the wombs ‫اﻷرﺣﺎم‬
ِ
َ َْ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
ِ ‫ﻛﻢ‬
‫ﻳﺼﻮر‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬
ْ ُُ‫ﱢ‬َ ُ ‫ﱠ‬
َُ
3:46 and he shall speak unto men in his cradle ‫اﻟﻤﻬﺪ‬
ِ
ْ َْ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
ِ ‫ﱠﺎس‬‫ﻨ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫وﻳﻜﻠﻢ‬
َ ُ
‫ﱢ‬ََُ
3:85 and in the life to come he shall be among (from)
the lost ‫ﻳﻦ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﺳ‬
َِْ ِ‫اﳋﺎ‬
ْ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
َ
ِ ‫اﻵﺧﺮة‬
ِ
َ
ِ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
ِ ‫وﻫﻮ‬
ََُ
5:41 Theirs shall be (to them belongs) ignominy in
this world, and (to them belongs) awesome suffering
in the life to come
‫ﻋﻈﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﺬاب‬
ٌْ
ِ
َ َ
ٌ َ ‫اﻵﺧﺮة‬
ِ
َ
ِ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
ِ ‫ﻟﻬﻢ‬
ْ َُ‫و‬ ، ‫ﺧﺰي‬
َ ٌ ْ
ِ ‫ـﻴﺎ‬‫ﻧ‬‫اﻟﺪ‬
َْ‫ﱡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
ِ ‫ﻟﻬﻢ‬
ْ َُ
5:54 who strive hard in God’s cause ِ‫ﷲ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﺳﺒﻴﻞ‬
ِ ِ
َ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
ِ ‫ﳚﺎﻫﺪون‬
َ ُْ ِ
َُ

10. Pronouns Page 9
‫ﻣﻨﺼﻮب‬
ٌ ُْ َْ and ‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬
ٌْ َ
ُْ Form ‫ع‬
‫ـﻮ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﻣﺮ‬
ٌ َُْْ Form
Pronouns of Nasb and Jarr
the attached form
‫ﻣﺘﺼﻞ‬ ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺿﻤ‬
ٌ
ِ ‫ﱠ‬ُ ٌِْ َ
Pronouns of Raf’
the separate form
‫ـﻔﺼﻞ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺿﻤ‬
ٌ
ِ َُْ ٌِْ َ
Nasb ‫ﻧﺼﺐ‬
ٌ ْ َ means they are ‫ﻣﻨﺼﻮب‬
ٌ ُْ َْ
Jarr ‫ﺟﺮ‬
‫ﱞ‬َ means they are ‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬
ٌ َ
ُْ ْ
Raf’ ‫رﻓﻊ‬
ٌ َْ means they are ‫ـﻮع‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﻣﺮ‬
ٌ َُْْ
‫ه‬
ُ ‫ﻫﻮ‬
َُ
‫ﻫﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ ‫ﻫﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ
‫ﻫﻢ‬
ْ ُ ‫ﻫﻢ‬
ْ ُ
‫ﻫﺎ‬
َ ‫ﻫﻲ‬
َ
ِ
‫ﻫﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ ‫ﻫﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ
‫ﻫﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ ‫ﻫﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ
‫ك‬
َ ‫أﻧﺖ‬
َ ْ
‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ ‫ـﺘﻤﺎ‬‫ﻧ‬‫أ‬
َُْ
‫ﻛﻢ‬
ْ ُ ‫ـﺘﻢ‬‫ﻧ‬‫أ‬
ْ ُْ
‫ك‬
ِ ‫أﻧﺖ‬
ِ ْ
‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ ‫ـﺘﻤﺎ‬‫ﻧ‬‫أ‬
َُْ
‫ﻛﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ ‫ـﺘﻦ‬‫ﻧ‬‫أ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُْ
‫ي‬
ْ
* ‫أﻧﺎ‬
َ
‫ﻧﺎ‬
َ ‫ﻧﺤﻦ‬
ُ ْ َ
* this is known as ‫ْﻤﺘﻜﻠﻢ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻳﺎء‬
ِ‫ﱢ‬َ َُ ُ – Ya of the first person
Kinds of Pronouns ‫ﺿﻤﺎﺋﺮ‬
ُ
ِ
َ َ (Plural) / ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺿﻤ‬
ٌِْ َ (Singular)
Pronouns are either separate ‫ـﻔﺼﻞ‬‫ﻨ‬‫اﻟﻤ‬
ُ
ِ َُْْ
or attached ‫اﻟﻤﺘﺼﻞ‬
ُ
ِ ‫ﱠ‬ُْ .
The separate pronouns, also called
detached pronouns,‫ـﻔﺼﻞ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺿﻤ‬
ٌ
ِ َُْ ٌِْ َ are
independent and are not attached to any
other word.
The attached pronouns ‫ﻣﺘﺼﻞ‬ ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺿﻤ‬
ٌ
ِ ‫ﱠ‬ُ ٌِْ َ
are not independent, but are always
attached to other words.
In the beginning of our studies we will
learn the basic forms. As we progress we
will learn them in greater details
in book III ‫اﻟﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﺎء‬ ‫إن‬
ُ‫ﱠ‬
َ َ ْ ِ .
The pronouns are ‫ﻣﺒﻨﻲ‬
‫ﱞ‬ َِْ (fixed), i.e.,
they are not declinable. They remain
stationary in one FORM.
But they do have one fixed form when
they are ‫ع‬
‫ـﻮ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﻣﺮ‬
ٌ َُْْ and another fixed form
when they are ‫ﻣﻨﺼﻮب‬
ٌ ُْ َْ or ‫ﻣﺠ‬
ْ َ
‫ﺮور‬
ٌُْ .
For ‫ﻣﻨﺼﻮب‬
ٌ ُْ َْ and ‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬
ٌُْْ َ there is only
one form for attached pronouns which
we will study here.

11. Pronouns-01-solved Page 10
‫ﺿ‬
َ
‫ﻤ‬
َ
‫ﺎﺋ‬
ِ
‫ﺮ‬
ُ
(plural)
‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺿﻤ‬
ٌِْ َ
(singular)
Pronouns
‫ﻣ‬
َ
‫ﻨ‬ْ
‫ﺼﻮب‬
ٌ ُْ
‫وﻣ‬
ََ
‫ﺠ‬
ْ
‫ﺮ‬
ُ
‫و‬
ْ
‫ر‬
ٌ
‫ﻣ‬
َ
‫ﺮ‬
ْ
‫ـ‬‫ﻓ‬
ُ
‫ﻮ‬
ْ
‫ع‬
ٌ
‫ﻋ‬
َ
‫ﻠ‬
َ
‫ﻰ‬
on
‫ﻓ‬
ِ
‫ﻲ‬
in
‫إﻟﻰ‬
َ
to
‫ﻣ‬
ِ
‫ﻦ‬
ْ
from
‫ﻓ‬
ِ
ِ‫ﻲ‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎب‬
ِ َ
‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬
ٍ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ
in Muhammad’s
book
=
‫ﻓ‬
ِ
‫ﻲ‬
‫ﻛ‬
ِ
‫ﺘﺎﺑ‬
ِ َ
‫ﻪ‬
ِ
in his book
‫ﻛ‬
ِ
‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﺘﺎب‬
ٍ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ ُ َ
Muhammad’s
book
=
‫ﻛ‬
ِ
‫ﺘﺎﺑﻪ‬
ُُ َ
his book
in the accusative
and genitive
cases
in the
nominative
case
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
ِ
ََْ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬
ِ
ْ
ِ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬
ِ
َِْ ‫ﻣﻨﻪ‬
ُِْ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬
ِ ِ
ِ َ ْ
ِ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ‬
ُ َ
ُ
ِ ‫ه‬
ُ ‫ﻫﻮ‬
َُ
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎ‬
َ ََِْ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﻤﺎ‬
َ ِْ
ِ ‫إﻟﻴﻬﻤﺎ‬
َ َِِْ ‫ـﻬﻤﺎ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻣ‬
َ ُ ِْ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻬﻤﺎ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬
َ ِِ َِ
ْ
ِ ‫ـﻬﻤﺎ‬‫ﺑ‬‫ﻛﺘﺎ‬
َ ُُ َِ ‫ﻫﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ ‫ﻫﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‬
ْ ََِْ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﻢ‬
ْ ِْ
ِ ‫إﻟﻴﻬ‬
َِِْ
‫ﻢ‬
ْ ‫ـﻬﻢ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻣ‬
ْ ُ ِْ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻬﻢ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬
ْ ِِ َِ
ْ
ِ ‫ـﻬﻢ‬‫ﺑ‬‫ﻛﺘﺎ‬
ْ ُُ َِ ‫ﻫﻢ‬
ْ ُ ‫ﻫﻢ‬
ْ ُ
‫ـﻬﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻋﻠ‬
َ ََْ ‫ـﻬﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻓ‬
َ ْ
ِ ‫ـﻬﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬‫إﻟ‬
َ َِْ ‫ـﻬﺎ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻣ‬
َ ِْ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻬﺎ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬
َِ َِ
ْ
ِ ‫ـﻬﺎ‬‫ﺑ‬‫ﻛﺘﺎ‬
َُ َِ ‫ﻫﺎ‬
َ ‫ﻫﻲ‬
َ
ِ
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎ‬
َ ََِْ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﻤﺎ‬
َ ِْ
ِ ‫إﻟﻴﻬﻤﺎ‬
َ َِِْ ‫ـﻬﻤﺎ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻣ‬
َ ُ ِْ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻬﻤﺎ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬
َ ِِ َِ
ْ
ِ ‫ـﻬﻤﺎ‬‫ﺑ‬‫ﻛﺘﺎ‬
َ ُُ َِ ‫ﻫﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ ‫ﻫﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ََِْ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ِْ
ِ ‫إﻟﻴﻬﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ َِِْ ‫ـﻬﻦ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻣ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ ِْ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻬﻦ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ِِ َِ
ْ
ِ ‫ـﻬﻦ‬‫ﺑ‬‫ﻛﺘﺎ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُُ َِ ‫ﻫﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ ‫ﻫﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻚ‬
َ ََْ ‫ﻓﻴﻚ‬
َ ْ
ِ ‫إﻟﻴﻚ‬
َ َِْ ‫ﻣﻨﻚ‬
َ ِْ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻚ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬
َ ِ َِ
ْ
ِ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻚ‬
َ ُ َِ ‫ك‬
َ ‫أﻧﺖ‬
َ ْ
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ ََْ ‫ﻓﻴﻜﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ ْ
ِ ‫إﻟﻴﻜﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ َِْ ‫ﻣﻨﻜﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ ِْ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻜﻤﺎ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬
َ ُ ِ َِ
ْ
ِ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻜﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ ُ َِ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ ‫ـﺘﻤﺎ‬‫ﻧ‬‫أ‬
َُْ
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ‬
ْ ُ ََْ ‫ﻓﻴﻜﻢ‬
ْ ُ ْ
ِ ‫إﻟﻴﻜﻢ‬
ْ ُ َِْ ‫ﻣﻨﻜﻢ‬
ْ ُ ِْ ‫ﻛﺘ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬
َِ
ْ
ِ
‫ﺎﺑﻜﻢ‬
ْ ُ ِ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻜﻢ‬
ْ ُ ُ َِ ‫ﻛﻢ‬
ْ ُ ‫ـﺘﻢ‬‫ﻧ‬‫أ‬
ْ ُْ
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻚ‬
ِ ََْ ‫ﻓﻴﻚ‬
ِ ْ
ِ ‫إﻟﻴﻚ‬
ِ َِْ ‫ﻣﻨﻚ‬
ِ ِْ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻚ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬
ِ ِ َِ
ْ
ِ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻚ‬
ِ
ُ َِ ‫ك‬
ِ ‫أﻧﺖ‬
ِ ْ
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ ََْ ‫ﻓﻴﻜﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ ْ
ِ ‫إﻟﻴﻜﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ َِْ ‫ﻣﻨﻜﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ ِْ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻜﻤﺎ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬
َ ُ ِ َِ
ْ
ِ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻜﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ ُ َِ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ ‫ـﺘﻤﺎ‬‫ﻧ‬‫أ‬
َُْ
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ ََْ ‫ﻓﻴﻜﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ ْ
ِ ‫إﻟﻴﻜﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ َِْ ‫ﻣﻨﻜﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ ِْ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻜﻦ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ ِ َِ
ْ
ِ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻜﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ ُ َِ ‫ﻛﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ ‫ـﺘﻦ‬‫ﻧ‬‫أ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُْ
‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ََ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ِ ‫إﻟﻲ‬
‫ﱠ‬ َِ ‫ﻣﻨﻲ‬
ْ ‫ﱢ‬ِ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻲ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬
ْ ْ
ِ َِ ِ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻲ‬
ْ
ِ َِ ‫ي‬
ْ ‫أﻧﺎ‬
َ
‫ـﻨﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻋﻠ‬
َ َ
َْ ‫ـﻨﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻓ‬
َْ
ِ ‫ـﻨﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬‫إﻟ‬
ََِْ ‫ﱠﺎ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻣ‬
ِ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻨﺎ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬
َِ َِ
ْ
ِ ‫ـﻨﺎ‬‫ﺑ‬‫ﻛﺘﺎ‬
َُ َِ ‫ﻧﺎ‬
َ ‫ﻧﺤﻦ‬
ُ ْ َ
Please note: When a word ends with ‫ي‬
ْ and we attach to it the pronoun ‫ي‬
ْ (of the speaker) it results in ‫ي‬
‫ﱠ‬
...
‫ي‬
ْ
+
‫ي‬
ْ
)
‫اﻟﻤﺘﻜﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﺎء‬
ِ‫ﱢ‬َ َُْ ُ َ
... = (
‫ي‬
‫ﱠ‬

12. Pronouns-01-solved Page 11
‫ﺿ‬
َ
‫ﻤ‬
َ
‫ﺎﺋ‬
ِ
‫ﺮ‬
ُ
(plural)
‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺿﻤ‬
ٌِْ َ
(singular)
Pronouns
‫ﻣ‬
َ
‫ﻨ‬ْ
‫ﺼﻮب‬
ٌ ُْ
‫ﻣ‬ ‫و‬
َ َ
‫ﺠ‬
ْ
‫ﺮ‬
ُ
‫و‬
ْ
‫ر‬
ٌ
‫ﻣ‬
َ
‫ﺮ‬
ْ
‫ـ‬‫ﻓ‬
ُ
‫ع‬
‫ﻮ‬
ٌ ْ
‫ﻣﻊ‬
َ َ
with
‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬
َِْ
at, by, near, at
the time when
‫ﻋﻦ‬
ْ َ
from, off,
about,
away from,
concerning
‫ﺑ‬
ِ
‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
with, by,
in, at, on
‫ﻟ‬
ِ
‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
for
‫ﻓ‬
ِ
‫ﻲ‬
ْ
‫ـﻴﺖ‬‫ﺑ‬
ِ َْ
‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬
ٍ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ
in Muhammad’s
house
=
‫ﻓ‬
ِ
‫ﻲ‬
ْ
‫ـﻴﺘ‬‫ﺑ‬
َِْ
‫ﻪ‬
ِ
in his house
‫ـﻴﺖ‬‫ﺑ‬
ُ َْ
‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬
ٍ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ
Muhammad’s
house
=
‫ـﻴﺘ‬‫ﺑ‬
َُْ
‫ﻪ‬
ُ
his house
in the
accusative
and genitive
cases
in the
nominati
ve
case
‫ﻣﻌﻪ‬
ََُ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻩ‬
ُ َِْ ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬
َُْ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
ِِ ‫ﻟﻪ‬
َُ ‫ـﻴﺘﻪ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
ِِ
َْ ْ
ِ ‫ـﻴﺘﻪ‬‫ﺑ‬
َُُْ ‫ه‬
ُ ‫ﻫﻮ‬
َُ
‫ﻣﻌﻬﻤﺎ‬
َ ََُ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ َِْ ‫ـﻬﻤﺎ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻋ‬
َ ُ َْ ‫ﺑﻬﻤﺎ‬
َ ِِ ‫ﻟﻬﻤﺎ‬
َ َُ ‫ـﻴﺘﻬﻤﺎ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
َ َِِْ ْ
ِ ‫ـﻬﻤﺎ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ـﻴ‬‫ﺑ‬
َ َُُْ ‫ﻫﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ ‫ﻫﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ
‫ﻣﻌﻬﻢ‬
ْ ََُ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ‬
ْ ُ َِْ ‫ـﻬﻢ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻋ‬
ْ ُ َْ ‫ﺑﻬﻢ‬
ْ ِِ ‫ﻟﻬﻢ‬
ْ َُ ‫ـﻴﺘﻬﻢ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
ْ َِِْ ْ
ِ ‫ـﻬﻢ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ـﻴ‬‫ﺑ‬
ْ َُُْ ‫ﻫﻢ‬
ْ ُ ‫ﻫﻢ‬
ْ ُ
‫ﻣﻌﻬﺎ‬
َََ ‫ﻋﻨ‬
ِْ
‫ﺪﻫﺎ‬
َ َ ‫ـﻬﺎ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻋ‬
َ َْ ‫ﺑﻬﺎ‬
َِ ‫ﻟﻬﺎ‬
ََ ‫ـﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
ََِْ ْ
ِ ‫ـﻬﺎ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ـﻴ‬‫ﺑ‬
ََُْ ‫ﻫﺎ‬
َ ‫ﻫﻲ‬
َ
ِ
‫ﻣﻌﻬﻤﺎ‬
َ ََُ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ َِْ ‫ـﻬﻤﺎ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻋ‬
َ ُ َْ ‫ﺑﻬﻤﺎ‬
َ ِِ ‫ﻟﻬﻤﺎ‬
َ َُ ‫ـﻴﺘﻬﻤﺎ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
َ َِِْ ْ
ِ ‫ـﻬﻤﺎ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ـﻴ‬‫ﺑ‬
َ َُُْ ‫ﻫﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ ‫ﻫﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ
‫ﻣﻌﻬﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ََُ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ َِْ ‫ـﻬﻦ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻋ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ َْ ‫ﺑﻬﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ِِ ‫ﻟﻬﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ َُ ‫ـﻴﺘﻬﻦ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﱠ‬ َِِْ ْ
ِ ‫ـﻬﻦ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ـﻴ‬‫ﺑ‬
‫ﱠ‬ َُُْ ‫ﻫﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ ‫ﻫﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ
‫ﻣﻌﻚ‬
َ ََ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬
َِْ
‫ك‬
َ ‫ﻋﻨﻚ‬
َ َْ ‫ﺑﻚ‬
َ ِ ‫ﻟﻚ‬
َ َ ‫ـﻴﺘﻚ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
َ َِْ ْ
ِ ‫ـﻴﺘﻚ‬‫ﺑ‬
َ َُْ ‫ك‬
َ ‫أﻧﺖ‬
َ ْ
‫ﻣﻌﻜﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ ََ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻛﻤﺎ‬
َ َُِْ ‫ﻋﻨﻜﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ َْ ‫ﺑﻜﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ ِ ‫ﻟﻜﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ َ ‫ـﻴﺘﻜﻤﺎ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
َ ُ َِْ ْ
ِ ‫ـﻴﺘﻜﻤﺎ‬‫ﺑ‬
َ ُ َُْ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ ‫ـﺘﻤﺎ‬‫ﻧ‬‫أ‬
َُْ
‫ﻣﻌﻜﻢ‬
ْ ُ ََ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻛﻢ‬
ْ َُِْ ‫ﻋﻨﻜﻢ‬
ْ ُ َْ ‫ﺑﻜﻢ‬
ْ ُ ِ ‫ﻟﻜﻢ‬
ْ ُ َ ‫ـﻴﺘﻜﻢ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
ْ ُ َِْ ْ
ِ ‫ـﻴﺘﻜﻢ‬‫ﺑ‬
ْ ُ َُْ ‫ﻛﻢ‬
ْ ُ ‫ـﺘﻢ‬‫ﻧ‬‫أ‬
ْ ُْ
‫ﻣﻌﻚ‬
ِ
ََ ‫ﻋﻨﺪك‬
ِ َِْ ‫ﻋﻨﻚ‬
ِ َْ ‫ﺑﻚ‬
ِ ِ ‫ﻟﻚ‬
ِ َ ‫ـﻴﺘﻚ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
ِ َِْ ْ
ِ ‫ـﻴﺘﻚ‬‫ﺑ‬
ِ َُْ ‫ك‬
ِ ‫أﻧﺖ‬
ِ ْ
‫ﻣﻌﻜﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ ََ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻛﻤﺎ‬
َ َُِْ ‫ﻋﻨﻜﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ َْ ‫ﺑﻜﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ ِ ‫ﻟﻜﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ َ ‫ـﻴﺘﻜﻤﺎ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
َ ُ َِْ ْ
ِ ‫ـﻴﺘﻜﻤﺎ‬‫ﺑ‬
َ ُ َُْ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ ‫ـﺘﻤﺎ‬‫ﻧ‬‫أ‬
َُْ
‫ﻣﻌﻜﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ ََ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻛﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ َُِْ ‫ﻋﻨﻜﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ َْ ‫ﺑﻜﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ ِ ‫ﻟﻜﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ ‫ـﻴﺘﻜﻦ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ َِْ ْ
ِ ‫ـﻴﺘﻜﻦ‬‫ﺑ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ َُْ ‫ﻛﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ ‫ـﺘﻦ‬‫ﻧ‬‫أ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُْ
‫ﻣﻌﻲ‬
ْ
ِ
َ ‫ﻋﻨﺪي‬
ْ
ِ ِْ ‫ﻋﻨﻲ‬
ْ ‫ﱢ‬َ ‫ﺑﻲ‬
ْ
ِ ‫ﻟﻲ‬
ْ
ِ ‫ـﻴﺘﻲ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
ْ ْ
َِْ
ِ ‫ـﻴﺘﻲ‬‫ﺑ‬
ْ
َِْ ‫ي‬
ْ ‫أﻧﺎ‬
َ
‫ﻣﻌﻨﺎ‬
َََ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ‬
ََِْ ‫ﱠﺎ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻋ‬
َ ‫ﺑﻨﺎ‬
َِ ‫ﻟﻨﺎ‬
ََ ‫ـﻴﺘﻨﺎ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
ََِْ ْ
ِ ‫ـﻨﺎ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ـﻴ‬‫ﺑ‬
ََُْ ‫ﻧﺎ‬
َ ‫ﻧﺤﻦ‬
ُ ْ َ

13. Pronouns-01 Page 12
‫ﺿ‬
َ
‫ﻤ‬
َ
‫ﺎﺋ‬
ِ
‫ﺮ‬
ُ
(plural)
‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺿﻤ‬
ٌِْ َ
(singular)
Pronouns
‫ﻣ‬
َ
‫ﻨ‬ْ
‫ﺼﻮب‬
ٌ ُْ
‫وﻣ‬
ََ
‫ﺠ‬
ْ
‫ﺮ‬
ُ
‫و‬
ْ
‫ر‬
ٌ
‫ﻣ‬
َ
‫ﺮ‬
ْ
‫ـ‬‫ﻓ‬
ُ
‫ﻮ‬
ْ
‫ع‬
ٌ
‫ﻋ‬
َ
‫ﻠ‬
َ
‫ﻰ‬
on
‫ﻓ‬
ِ
‫ﻲ‬
in
‫إﻟﻰ‬
َ
to
‫ﻣ‬
ِ
‫ﻦ‬
ْ
from
‫ﻓ‬
ِ
ِ‫ﻲ‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎب‬
ِ َ
‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬
ٍ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ
in Muhammad’s
book
=
‫ﻓ‬
ِ
‫ﻲ‬
‫ﻛ‬
ِ
‫ﺘﺎﺑ‬
ِ َ
‫ﻪ‬
ِ
in his book
‫ﻛ‬
ِ
‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﺘﺎب‬
ٍ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ ُ َ
Muhammad’s
book
=
‫ﻛ‬
ِ
‫ﺘﺎﺑﻪ‬
ُُ َ
his book
in the accusative
and genitive
cases
in the
nominative
case
‫ه‬
ُ ‫ﻫﻮ‬
َُ
‫ﻫﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ ‫ﻫﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ
‫ﻫﻢ‬
ْ ُ ‫ﻫﻢ‬
ْ ُ
‫ﻫﺎ‬
َ ‫ﻫﻲ‬
َ
ِ
‫ﻫﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ ‫ﻫﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ
‫ﻫﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ ‫ﻫﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ
‫ك‬
َ ‫أﻧﺖ‬
َ ْ
‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ ‫ـﺘﻤﺎ‬‫ﻧ‬‫أ‬
َُْ
‫ﻛﻢ‬
ْ ُ ‫ـﺘﻢ‬‫ﻧ‬‫أ‬
ْ ُْ
‫ك‬
ِ ‫أﻧﺖ‬
ِ ْ
‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ ‫ـﺘﻤﺎ‬‫ﻧ‬‫أ‬
َُْ
‫ﻛﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ ‫ـﺘﻦ‬‫ﻧ‬‫أ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُْ
‫ي‬
ْ ‫أﻧﺎ‬
َ
‫ﻧﺎ‬
َ ‫ﻧﺤﻦ‬
ُ ْ َ
Please note: When a word ends with ‫ي‬
ْ and we attach to it the pronoun ‫ي‬
ْ (of the speaker) it results in ‫ي‬
‫ﱠ‬
...
‫ي‬
ْ
+
‫ي‬
ْ
)
‫اﻟﻤﺘﻜﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﺎء‬
ِ‫ﱢ‬َ َُْ ُ َ
... = (
‫ي‬
‫ﱠ‬

14. Pronouns-01 Page 13
‫ﺿ‬
َ
‫ﻤ‬
َ
‫ﺎﺋ‬
ِ
‫ﺮ‬
ُ
(plural)
‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺿﻤ‬
ٌِْ َ
(singular)
Pronouns
‫ﻣ‬
َ
‫ﻨ‬ْ
‫ﺼﻮب‬
ٌ ُْ
‫ﻣ‬ ‫و‬
َ َ
‫ﺠ‬
ْ
‫ﺮ‬
ُ
‫و‬
ْ
‫ر‬
ٌ
‫ﻣ‬
َ
‫ﺮ‬
ْ
‫ـ‬‫ﻓ‬
ُ
‫ع‬
‫ﻮ‬
ٌ ْ
‫ﻣﻊ‬
َ َ
with
‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬
َِْ
at, by, near, at
the time when
‫ﻋﻦ‬
ْ َ
from, off,
about,
away from,
concerning
‫ﺑ‬
ِ
‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
with, by,
in, at, on
‫ﻟ‬
ِ
‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
for
‫ﻓ‬
ِ
‫ﻲ‬
ْ
‫ـﻴﺖ‬‫ﺑ‬
ِ َْ
‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬
ٍ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ
in Muhammad’s
house
=
‫ﻓ‬
ِ
‫ﻲ‬
ْ
‫ـﻴﺘ‬‫ﺑ‬
َِْ
‫ﻪ‬
ِ
in his house
‫ـﻴﺖ‬‫ﺑ‬
ُ َْ
‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬
ٍ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ
Muhammad’s
house
=
‫ـﻴﺘ‬‫ﺑ‬
َُْ
‫ﻪ‬
ُ
his house
in the
accusative
and genitive
cases
in the
nominati
ve
case
‫ه‬
ُ ‫ﻫﻮ‬
َُ
‫ﻫﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ ‫ﻫﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ
‫ﻫﻢ‬
ْ ُ ‫ﻫﻢ‬
ْ ُ
‫ﻫﺎ‬
َ ‫ﻫﻲ‬
َ
ِ
‫ﻫﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ ‫ﻫﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ
‫ﻫﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ ‫ﻫﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ
‫ك‬
َ ‫أﻧﺖ‬
َ ْ
‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ ‫ـﺘﻤﺎ‬‫ﻧ‬‫أ‬
َُْ
‫ﻛﻢ‬
ْ ُ ‫ـﺘﻢ‬‫ﻧ‬‫أ‬
ْ ُْ
‫ك‬
ِ ‫أﻧﺖ‬
ِ ْ
‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ ‫ـﺘﻤﺎ‬‫ﻧ‬‫أ‬
َُْ
‫ﻛﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ ‫ـﺘﻦ‬‫ﻧ‬‫أ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُْ
‫ي‬
ْ ‫أﻧﺎ‬
َ
‫ﻧﺎ‬
َ ‫ﻧﺤﻦ‬
ُ ْ َ

15. Mudafu Mudafu Alei Page 14
The Possessive (or Genitive) Case ‫اﻟﻤﻀﺎف‬
ُ َ ُْ
‫اﻟﻤﻀﺎف‬‫و‬
ُ َ ُ َ
ْ
‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬
ِ
َِْ
-
More Examples from Qur’an and Hadith
‫ا‬ ‫أﻣﺮ‬
َُْ
ِ‫ﷲ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻧﺼﺮ‬
ُْ َ
ِ‫ﷲ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫رﺳﻮل‬
ُ ُ َ
ِ‫ﷲ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ـﻴﺖ‬‫ﺑ‬
ُ َْ
ِ‫ﷲ‬
‫اﻟﻘﺪر‬ ‫ـﻠﺔ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻟ‬
ِ ْ َ ََُْ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ـﻮم‬‫ﻳ‬
ِ ْ َ ُ َْ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻗﺔ‬
َُ َ
ِ‫ﷲ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬
ُ َْ
ِ‫ﷲ‬
‫اﻟﻔﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﺻﺤﺎب‬
ِْ
ِ ِ َ ْ َِ ‫اﻟﻔﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﺑﺮب‬
ََِ ‫ﱢ‬ َ
ِ ‫ا‬ ‫دﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
ِ ْ
ِ
ْ
ِ
ِ‫ﷲ‬ ‫ذرة‬ ‫ـﻘﺎل‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﻣ‬
ٍ‫َﱠ‬ ُ َِْ
‫ا‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻢ‬
ِ ْ
ِ
ِ‫ﷲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﻜﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻃﻌﺎم‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
ِ ْ
ِ
ْ
ِ ِ ََ ََ
‫ا‬ ‫ﻋﺬاب‬
ُ َ
ِ‫ﷲ‬
‫ﺷﺪﻳﺪ‬
ٌْ
ِ َ ‫ا‬ ‫وﻋﺪ‬
ُ ْ َ
ِ‫ﷲ‬
‫ﺣﻖ‬
‫ﱞ‬ َ
‫ا‬ ‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬
ُ ُ َ ٌ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ
ِ‫ﷲ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻧﺼﺮ‬
ُْ َ
ِ‫ﷲ‬
‫ﻳﺐ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﻗ‬
ٌ َِْ
‫ا‬ ‫ـﻴﺖ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻌﺒﺔ‬
ُ َْ َُْ َ
ِ‫ﷲ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬
ُ َْ ٌ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ
ِ‫ﷲ‬
‫اﻟﺮﺳﻮل‬ ‫ـﻮل‬‫ﻗ‬
ِ ُ ْ
‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ
‫ﺣﻖ‬
‫ﱞ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎب‬‫اﻟﻘﺮآن‬
ُ َِ ُ ُ
ِ‫ﷲ‬
‫ا‬ ‫ﻓﻀﻞ‬
ُ ْ َ
ِ‫ﷲ‬
‫ﻋﻈﻴﻢ‬
ٌ ْ
ِ َ ‫ﺷﺒﺎب‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻬﻒ‬ ‫أﺻﺤﺎب‬
ٌ َ َ
َ ِ ْ َ ُ ْ َ
‫ا‬ ‫ﻛﻼم‬‫ﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬
ِ َ ُ ْ َ
ِ‫ﷲ‬ ‫اﻹﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫ﻋﺪو‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎن‬
ِ
َ ْ ُ
ِ ‫ﱡ‬ُ َ َ ْ‫ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ـﻮم‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬
ِ ْ‫ﱢ‬ ِ
َْ ُ ِ
َ َُ ‫ا‬ ‫ـﻴﺖ‬‫ﺑ‬
ُ َْ
ِ‫ﷲ‬
‫ﻋﻈﻴﻢ‬
ٌ ْ
ِ َ
‫ا‬
‫ﷲ‬
‫اﻟﺤﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻳﻊ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﺳ‬ ُ
ِ
َ
ِ
ُ َ
ِْ ‫ﻳﻀﺔ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻃﻠﺐ‬
ٌَ َِْ ِِْ
ُ ََ
‫ا‬
‫ﷲ‬
‫ﱠﺎس‬‫ﻨ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫رب‬ ُ
ِ ‫ﱡ‬ َ ‫اﻵﺧﺮة‬ ‫ﻣﺰرﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ‬
ِ
َ
ِ ُ ْ
َََْ ‫ﱡ‬
‫ا‬
‫ﷲ‬
‫ﱠﺎس‬‫ﻨ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫إﻟﻪ‬ ُ
ِ َُِ ‫ا‬
‫ﷲ‬
‫ﱠﺎس‬‫ﻨ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻚ‬ ُ
ِ ُ ِ
َ
‫اﻟﻌﻴﺪ‬ ‫ـﻮم‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ‬ ‫ـﻮم‬‫ﻳ‬
ِ
ْ
ِ
ُ َ ُ
ْ ْ
َ َ
ِ
ْ ُ ‫اﻟﻤﻮت‬ ‫ذاﺋﻘﺔ‬ ‫ـﻔﺲ‬‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬
ِ
َْ ُ َِ ٍ َْ ‫ﱡ‬ ُ
‫ا‬ ‫إﻻ‬ ‫ﻻإﻟﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﺬﻛﺮ‬ ‫أﻓﻀﻞ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ِ ِ
ََ ِ ْ‫ﱢ‬
ُ َ َْ
‫ﷲ‬
ِ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﻋﺎء‬ ‫وأﻓﻀﻞ‬ ُ
ُ ْ َ
ِ ‫ﱡ‬ ُ َ ََْ
ِ‫ﷲ‬

16. Mudafu Mudafu Alei From Qur’an Page 15
References from the Noble Quran for ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻀﺎف‬‫و‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻀﺎف‬
ِ
َِْ ُ ُ
َ َ
ُ َ ُ
ْ ْ
-
114:1 Say you, I seek refuge in the Lord of all
mankind. ‫ﱠﺎس‬‫ﻨ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺮب‬
ِ ‫ﱢ‬ َ‫ﺑ‬
ِ ‫أﻋﻮذ‬ ‫ﻗﻞ‬
ُ َُْ ْ ُ
110:1 When the help of Allah comes ِ‫ﷲ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻧﺼﺮ‬
ُْ َ ‫ﺟﺎء‬ ‫إذا‬
َ َ َِ
97:3 The Night of Power is better than a thousand
months. ‫ﺷﻬﺮ‬ ‫أﻟﻒ‬
ٍ ْ َ ِ َْ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺧ‬
ْ
ِ
ٌَْ ‫اﻟﻘﺪر‬ ‫ـﻠﺔ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻟ‬
ِ ْ َ ُ
ْ ََْ
78:37 From Him Who is the Lord of the universe
and the earth and all that is in between them. ‫ـﻬﻤﺎ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫وﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻷرض‬‫و‬
َ َ
ََُْ َ ِ ْ ‫ات‬‫ﻮ‬‫اﻟﺴﻤ‬ ‫رب‬
ِ
َ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱢ‬ َ
12:38 That is a grace of Allah upon us and upon
mankind. ‫ﱠﺎس‬‫ﻨ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫وﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ـﻨﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻋﻠ‬
ِ َََْ ِ‫ﷲ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻓﻀﻞ‬
ِ ْ َ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
ْ
ِ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬
َ
َِ
85:10 and for them is the torment of fire ‫ﻳﻖ‬‫ﺮ‬‫اﳊ‬ ‫ﻋﺬاب‬
َِِْْ ُ ََ ‫وﳍﻢ‬
ََُْ
2:39 They are the people of the hell. ‫ﱠﺎر‬‫ﻨ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫أﺻﺤﺎب‬
ِ ُ َ ْ َ ‫ﻟﺌﻚ‬‫و‬‫أ‬
َ ِ
ُْ
24:35 Allah is the light of the heavens and the
earth. ‫اﻷرض‬‫و‬
ِ َْ َ ‫ات‬‫ﻮ‬
ِ ‫اﻟﺴﻤ‬
ٰ َ ‫ﻧﻮر‬
ُ ُ ‫ﻪ‬
ُ‫اﻟﻠ‬
‫ﱠ‬
50:42 This is the day of coming forth from the
graves. ‫اﳋﺮوج‬ ‫ـﻮم‬‫ﻳ‬
ِ ُُْْ َُْ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬
َ
َِ
7:73 This is the she camel of Allah. ِ‫ﷲ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻗﺔ‬
ُ َ
َ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬
ِِ
َ
9:30 and the Christians said “Masih (Christ) is the
son of Allah”. ِ‫ﷲ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬
ُ ْ‫ٱ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﻴﺢ‬
ُ ْ
ِ
َْ :‫ﺎرى‬
َ ‫ﱠﺼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫وﻗﺎﻟﺖ‬
َ
ِ َ ََ
6:127 For them is the home of safety. ‫اﻟﺴﻼم‬‫ر‬‫دا‬
ِ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ ‫ﳍﻢ‬
َُْ
39:10 and Allah’s earth is spacious. ‫اﺳﻌﺔ‬‫و‬
ٌَ
ِ
َ ِ‫ﷲ‬‫ا‬ ‫أرض‬
ُ َْ‫و‬
َ
48:29 Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. ِ‫ﷲ‬‫ا‬ ‫رﺳﻮل‬
ُ ُْ َ ‫ﳏﻤﺪ‬
ٌ ‫ﱠ‬َُ
2:252 These are the verses (Signs, Portents) of
Allah. ِ‫ﷲ‬‫ا‬ ‫آﻳﺎت‬
ُ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬
َ ِْ
10:25 and Allah calls towards the home of peace. ‫اﻟﺴﻼم‬‫ر‬‫دا‬
ِ
ّ
ِ َ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ا‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﻳﺪﻋ‬ ُ
ِ
ُْ َْ ‫اﷲ‬‫و‬
َ
40:55/77 Therefore have patience (O Muhammad).
Lo (surely,certainly)! The promise of Allah is true. ‫ﺣﻖ‬
‫ﱞ‬ َ ِ‫ﷲ‬‫ا‬ ‫وﻋﺪ‬
َْ َ ‫إن‬ ‫ﺻﱪ‬
‫ﱠ‬ِ
ْ
ِْ ‫ﻓﭑ‬

17. Mudafu Mudafu Alei - Examples Page 16
Some Complex Examples of ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫وﻣﻀﺎف‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬
ِ ٌ ٌ
َ َ
ُ ُ
َ Please analyze them
‫ﺟﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﺮ‬‫ز‬‫اﻟﻮ‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫ـﻴﺖ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺑﺎب‬
ٌ ْ ْ
ِ
َ َ
ِْ ْ
َِ ِ ِ
ُ
‫ا‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺟﺪ‬ ‫أﺑﻮاب‬
ِ ِ
َ َ ُ َْ
ِ‫ﷲ‬
‫ﻛﺒﻴﺮة‬
ٌ َِْ
‫ا‬ ‫ـﻴﺖ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻟﺤﺞ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻣﺪ‬ ‫ذﻫﺐ‬
ِ َْ ‫ﱢ‬ َ
ِ ٌ ِ
َ ََ
ِ‫ﷲ‬

18. Phrases Page 17
‫اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻪ‬
ِ ِ
َْ ُ ُْ The Phrase
‫ﻇ‬
َ
‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫وﻣﻀﺎف‬ ‫ﺮف‬
ِ
ْ ٌ ٌ
َ َُ ْ
)
‫ﻇﺮف‬
ٌ َْ
+
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫ِاﺳﻢ‬
ٌُْْ َ ٌ ْ
(
Adverbial Phrase
(adverb followed by a noun or pronoun)
‫وﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫ﺟﺎر‬
ٌ ُْ ََ ‫ﱞ‬
)
‫ﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮف‬
‫ﱟ‬َ َ
ُ ْ
+
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫ِاﺳﻢ‬
ٌُْْ َ ٌ ْ
(
Prepositional Phrase
(preposition followed by a noun or pronoun)
‫ﻇﺮف‬
ٌ َْ
Adverb
‫ﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮف‬
‫ﱟ‬َ َ
ُ ْ
Preposition
‫أﻣﺎم‬
َ َ
in front
‫ـﻮق‬‫ﻓ‬
َ َْ
above
‫ﻓﻲ‬
ِ
in
‫إﻟﻰ‬
to
‫ﻣ‬
ِ
‫ﻦ‬
ْ
from
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
ََ
on
‫ﺧﻠﻒ‬
َ َْ
behind
‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬
َ ْ َ
under
‫ﺑ‬
ِ
‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
by
‫ﻟ‬
ِ
‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬
for
‫ﻋﻦ‬
ْ َ
away from
.‫ﻋﺼﻔﻮر‬
ٌُْْ ُ ‫اﻟﺸﺠﺮة‬ ‫ـﻮق‬‫ﻓ‬
ِ
ََ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َْ (١ .‫اﻟﺤﺴﻨﻰ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﻤﺎء‬
ْ ُ ُ َ ْ ‫ِﻟﻠﻪ‬
ِّ (١
.‫ـﺮة‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺒ‬
ٌَْ ‫ﻛ‬‫ﺷﺠﺮة‬
َ ٌََ َ ‫ﻴﺖ‬
ِ ْ‫ـ‬‫ﺒ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫أﻣﺎم‬
َ َ َ (٢ .‫رﺟﻞ‬
ٌ َُ ‫ـﻴﺖ‬‫ﺒ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
ِ َْ
ِ (٢
.‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺻﻐ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﺐ‬
ٌْ
ِ
َ ٌ َْ ‫اﻟﺴﻴﺎرة‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬
ِ
َ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﱠ‬ َ ْ َ (٣ .‫ـﻠﺔ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺟﻤ‬ ٌ‫ﺳﺎﻋﺔ‬
ٌَِْ
َ َ َ ‫ﺮ‬
ِ‫ﻳ‬‫ﺮ‬‫اﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
ِْ َ ََ (٣
.‫ـﻮرة‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺳ‬
ٌَ ْ َ
ُ ‫اﻟﻤﺪرس‬ ‫ﺧﻠﻒ‬
ِ ‫ﱢ‬ َ ُ َ َْ (٤ .‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎب‬
ٌْ
ِ
َ ٌ َِ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺐ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
ِ َْ َ ََ (٤
Please remember that ‫ﺷ‬
ِ
‫اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ‬
َِْ ُ ُْ ( Phrase), such as
‫وﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫ﺟﺎر‬
ٌْ َ
ُْ َ ‫ﱞ‬ ( Prepositional phrases ) and ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫وﻣﻀﺎف‬ ‫ﻇﺮف‬
ِ
ْ ٌ ٌ
َ َُ َْ ( Adverbial phrases ),
can never be ‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪأ‬
ٌ َُْ (Subject ) even though a sentence may begin with it.
The subject of a nominal sentence must be a noun or pronoun.

19. Feminine Gender Page 18
Feminine Gender )
‫اﻟﻤﺆﻧﺚ‬
ُ ‫ﱠ‬َُ
(
a) The usual feminine ending, as said in the first lesson, is ‫ة‬ ( closed Ta
– ‫ﺑﻮﻃﺔ‬‫ﺮ‬‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎء‬
َُ َُْ ُ ) , e.g. ‫ﻓﺎﻃﻤﺔ‬
ُ َ
ِ َ , ‫ـﻘﺮة‬‫ﺑ‬
ٌَََ a cow, ‫ﻳﺔ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻗ‬
ٌََْ a village, ‫ﺳﻼﻣﺔ‬
ٌََ َ safety.
However, two feminine nouns have a long ‫ت‬ (open Ta – ‫اﻟﻤﻔﺘﻮﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎء‬
ُ َ َُْ ُ )
at the end. They are: ‫أﺧﺖ‬
ٌ ْ ُ sister, ‫ﺑﻨﺖ‬
ٌ ِْ daughter.
b) The second feminine ending is known as alif maqşũrah )
‫ﻣﻘﺼﻮرة‬ ‫أﻟﻒ‬
ُ َْ
ِ
(
short alif which is ‫ى‬ pronounced as ã , e.g. ‫ـﻠﻰ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻟ‬
ََْ , ‫ﺳﻠﻤﻰ‬
ََْ ( names of
women ), ‫ﺻﻐﺮى‬
َْ ُ ( smaller,f. ), ‫ـﺮى‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﻛ‬
َُْ ( greater,f. ).
c) The third feminine ending is called alif mamdũdah )
‫ﻣﻤﺪودة‬ ‫أﻟﻒ‬
َ ُ ْ َ
ِ
( ,
long alif which is hamzah preceded by alif, e.g. ‫أﺳﻤﺎء‬
ُ َ ْ ( name of a
woman ), ‫ﻋﻤﻴﺎء‬
ُ َْ َ ( blind woman ), ‫ﺣﺴﻨﺎء‬
ُ َْ َ ( beautiful woman ).
d) There are, however, feminine nouns that do not have any of these
endings. They may be classified in the following categories:
1. Names of women, e.g.
‫ﻳﻢ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﻣ‬ ، ‫ﻫﻨﺪ‬ ، ‫ـﻨﺐ‬‫ﻳ‬‫ز‬
َُ َ
ْ ٌَ َ
ِ
ُ َْ
2. Females, e.g.
‫ام‬
ٌُ mother, ‫ﻋﺮوس‬
ٌ َُ bride, ‫اﺗﺎن‬
ٌ ََ she ass.
3. Parts of the body that are double, e.g.
‫ﻋﻴﻦ‬
ٌ َْ eye, ‫ﻳﺪ‬
ٌَ hand, ‫اذن‬
ٌ ُُ ear,
‫اع‬‫ر‬‫ذ‬
ٌ ِ arm, ‫رﺟﻞ‬
ٌ ْ ِ foot, leg ‫ﺳﺎق‬
ٌ َ shank.
4. Names of towns and countries, e.g.
‫ﻣﺼﺮ‬
ُْ
ِ Egypt, ‫ﻳﺎ‬‫ر‬‫ﺳﻮ‬
‫ﱠ‬ِ ُ Syria, ‫اﻟﻬﻨﺪ‬
ُ ِْ India.
5. Some everyday words, e.g.
‫دار‬
ٌ house, ‫ﻧﺎر‬
ٌ َ fire, ‫ﻳﺢ‬‫ر‬
ٌ ِْ wind,
‫ﺳﻤﺎء‬
ٌ َ َ sky, ‫ﺷﻤﺲ‬
ٌ ْ َ sun, ‫ﺣﺮب‬
ٌ َْ war,
‫ارض‬
ٌ َْ earth, ‫ـﻔﺲ‬‫ﻧ‬
ٌ َْ soul, ‫ﻳﻖ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﻃ‬
ٌ َِْ way,path.
All the nouns that do not fall in these categories are masculine. You may also say that all
nouns are masculine except those that belong to these categories.

20. Adjectives Page 19
Some Examples of Adjectives
Please analyze them carefully and try to figure out the ‫ـﻌﺖ‬‫ﻧ‬
ٌ َْ
‫ـﻌﻮت‬‫ﻨ‬‫وﻣ‬
ٌ ُ ََْ
and then translate them into English
‫اﻟﺤﺴﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬
ُ َ َ َ
ٌ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ ‫اﻟﺤﺴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻟﺪ‬
ُ َ َ ُ
‫ا‬
‫ﷲ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ‬ ُ
ُ ْ
ِ
َ ‫ﺣﺴﻦ‬ ‫وﻟﺪ‬
ٌ َ َ ٌََ
‫ﻳﻢ‬‫ﺮ‬‫اﻟﻜ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺳﻮل‬
ُ ُ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫اط‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﺻ‬
ٌ ْ
ِ
َْ ُ ٌ ِ
‫ﻃﻴﺐ‬ ‫رﺟﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻣﺪ‬
ٌ ‫ﱢ‬َ ٌ ُ
ُ َ
َ
ِ
َ ٌ ِ ‫ﻃﻴﺐ‬ ‫رﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻣﺪ‬
ٌ ‫ﱢ‬َ ٌ ُ َ ٌ ِ
‫اﻟﺼﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫وﻟﺪ‬
ِ ‫ﱠ‬
ِ ِ‫ﱢ‬َُ َ
َُ ‫اﻟﺼﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫وﻟﺪ‬
ُ
ِ ‫ﱠ‬ ِ‫ﱢ‬َُ َ
َُ
‫اﻟﺼﺎدق‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻣﺪ‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬
ِ ِ ‫ﱠ‬ ٍ
ُ ْ
ِ ‫اﻟﺼﺎدق‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻣﺪ‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬
ُ ِ ‫ﱠ‬ ٍ
ُ ْ
ِ
‫ـﺮ؟‬‫ﻴ‬‫اﻟﻜﺒ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻚ‬‫أﻳﻦ‬
َُِْ َ ُ َ
ِ
َ َْ ‫اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ـﻴﺘﻨﺎ‬‫ﺑ‬
ُْ
ِ
َُْ
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ـﻠﻤﻲ‬‫ﻗ‬
ِ ِ
ُْ َ ْ
ََِ
‫ـﺮة‬‫ﻴ‬‫اﻟﺼﻐ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻴﺒﺘﻚ‬
ِ
َْ ْ
ِ‫ﱠ‬ َ ِ
َ
ِ
َ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﺴﻮر؟‬ ‫ـﻠﻤﻪ‬‫ﻗ‬ ‫أﻳﻦ‬
ُ ُ ْ َ ُ
ُ ََ َ َْ
‫اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ‬ ‫أﻣﺎم‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎ‬
ِ ِ
َ َ
َْ َ َ ََ ُْ َُْ َ ‫اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪة‬ ‫ﺗﻚ‬‫ر‬‫ﺳﻴﺎ‬
ُ َْ
ِ
َ َ َُ ‫ﱠ‬َ
‫ـﻠﺔ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺟﻤ‬
ٌَِْ
َ
‫ﻣﻬﻨﺪس‬ ‫اﻷول‬ ‫ـﻨﻪ‬‫ﺑ‬‫ا‬
ٌ
ِ َُْ ُ ‫ﱠ‬َ ُُْ
ِ ‫ﻣﻜﺴﻮرة‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺪﻳﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻲ‬‫ر‬‫ﻧﻈﺎ‬
ٌ ُ َْ
ِ َ ِ
َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ

21. Adjectives Page 20
The Exercises in the Adjectives – Translate into Arabic
1. A big book and a small pen.
2. The big book and the small pen.
3. A new desk and the old school.
4. A small pen and the small book.
5. The old house and a new door.
6. The tall boy and a short girl.
7. The tall girl and the small boy.
8. An old chair and the new room.
9. The big girl and the small boy.
10. The short chair and a long desk.
11. A big book. On a big book.
12. The small school. In the small school.
13. From the old desk. On the new chair.
14. An old house. In the new school.
15. A big knife and the long key.
16. On the short boy. From an old friend.
17. The big room. On the big mountain.
18. A long street. In the small car.
19. The big book is on the new desk.
20. Hamid is a short boy and Khadijah is
a tall girl.
21. Hamid is in the big house and
Khadijah is in the old car.
22. The pen is on the new desk and the
book is on the old chair.

22. Adjectives Page 21
Some references from the Qur’an for Adjectives (‫ﱠﻌﺖ‬
‫ـ‬‫ﻨ‬‫اﻟ‬
ُ ْ )
5:15 Undoubtedly, there has to come to you from
Allah light and a luminous Book. .‫ﻣﺒﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎب‬
ٌ ِْ‫ﱡ‬ ٌ
ِ‫و‬
َ ‫ـﻮر‬‫ﻧ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
ٌُْ ِّ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ءﻛﻢ‬
ِ
ْ َُ‫ﺟﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬
َْ
4:13 And that is the great success. .‫ْﻌﻈﻴﻢ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫ْﻔﻮز‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
ُ ْ
ِ
َ ُ َْ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬
َ َِ َ
12:40 This is the right religion ‫ْﻘﻴﻢ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫اﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬
ُ ‫َﱢ‬ ُ ْ‫ﱢ‬ ‫ﻚ‬
َ ‫ذﻟ‬
َِ
45:10 And for them is a great torment. .‫ﻋﻈﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﺬاب‬
ٌ ْ
ِ َ َ
ٌ َ ‫وﻟﻬﻢ‬
ْ ََُ
49:3 For them is forgiveness and a great reward. .‫ﻋﻈﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺟﺮ‬
ٌ ٌ
ْ
ِ َ ْ ‫أ‬
َ‫و‬
َ ‫ﻣﻐﻔﺮة‬ ‫ﻟﻬﻢ‬
ٌَ
ِْ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ َُ
68:4 And undoubtedly, you possess excellent manners. .‫ﻋﻈﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻖ‬
ٍْ
ِ َ ٍ‫ﺧﻠ‬
ُُ ‫ﻟﻌﻠﻰ‬ ‫وإﻧﻚ‬
َ ََ َ ‫ﱠ‬َِ
8:74 For them is forgiveness and honourable provision. .‫ﻳﻢ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﻛ‬‫رزق‬
ٌِْ َ ٌ ِْ‫و‬
َ ‫ﻣﻐﻔﺮة‬ ‫ﻟﻬﻢ‬
ٌَ
ِْ َ ْ َُ
44:17 and an honourable Messenger came to them. .‫ﻳﻢ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﻛ‬‫رﺳﻮل‬
ٌِْ َ ٌ ُْ َ ‫وﺟﺎءﻫﻢ‬
ْ َُ َ َ
2:219 in both there is great sin ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻛﺒ‬‫إﺛﻢ‬
ٌ ٌ
َِْ ِْ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﻤﺎ‬
َ ِْ
ِ
28:23 and our father is very old. .‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻛﺒ‬‫ﺷﻴﺦ‬
ٌْ ْ
َِ ٌ َ ‫ـﻮﻧﺎ‬‫ﺑ‬‫وأ‬
َََُْ
1:5 Guide us in the straight path. .‫ْﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫اط‬‫ﺮ‬‫اﻟﺼ‬
َ َ
ْ
َِْ ُ َ ‫ﱢ‬ ‫اﻫﺪﻧﺎ‬
َِ ْ
ِ
42:26 And for the infidels there is a severe torment. .‫ﺷﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﺬاب‬
ٌْ
ِ َ ٌ َ َ ‫ﻟﻬﻢ‬ ‫واﻟﻜﺎﻓﺮون‬
ْ َُ َ ُْ
ِ َ َ
85:21 22 But it is a glorious Qur’an. In well guarded
tablet. .‫ﻣﺤﻔﻮظ‬ ‫ﻟﻮح‬
ٍ
ْ ْ
ُ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ٍ َ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
ْ
ِ .‫ﻣﺠﻴﺪ‬ ‫ـﺮآن‬‫ﻗ‬
ٌْ ِ
َ ٌ ُْ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬
َُ ْ َ
61:13 help from Allah and a near victory ‫ﻳﺐ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﻗ‬ ‫ـﺘﺢ‬‫ﻓ‬
ٌ َِْ ٌ َْ‫و‬
َ ‫اﻟﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
ِّ َ
ِ ‫ﻧﺼﺮ‬
ٌْ َ
26:195 In plain Arabic speech. .‫ﻣﺒﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻲ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻠﺴﺎن‬
ٍ ُِْ ‫ﱟ‬ََِ ٍ
َ
ِ‫ﺑ‬
ِ
24:12 and say: it is a manifest untruth. .‫ﻣﺒﻴﻦ‬ ‫إﻓﻚ‬
ٌ ُِْ ٌ ِْ ‫ﻫﺬا‬ ‫وﻗﺎﻟﻮا‬
َ ُْ ََ
41:44 They are like those who are called from a far off
place. .‫ﺑﻌﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎن‬
ٍ
ْ
ِ
َ
ٍ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ـﻨﺎدون‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫أوﻟﺌﻚ‬
ْ ُ
ِ َ َْ َ َ َِ ُ
18:46 The wealth and sons are an adornment of the
worldly life ‫ـﻴﺎ‬‫ﻧ‬‫اﻟﺪ‬
َّْ ‫ﻮة‬
ِ ‫ﻴ‬ٰ‫اﻟﺤ‬
َ ‫ـﻨﺔ‬‫ﻳ‬‫ز‬ ‫ـﻮن‬‫ﻨ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺒ‬ْ‫ﻟ‬‫وا‬ ‫ْﻤﺎل‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
ُ َ
َ ُ
ِْ ْ َ َ َ
ُ َ
18:46 and the good deeds that endure are better in the
sight of your Lord for reward and better in respect of
hope.
‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫وﺧ‬ ‫ـﻮاﺑﺎ‬‫ﺛ‬
ٌَْ َ ً ََ ‫ﺑﻚ‬‫ر‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺧ‬
َ ‫ﱢ‬َ َِْ
ٌَْ ‫ت‬
ُ ‫ﻟﺤﺎ‬
ِ‫اﻟﺼﺎ‬ ‫ت‬
ُ ‫ﻗﻴﺎ‬
ِ‫واﻟﺒﺎ‬
َ
.‫أﻣﻼ‬
ً ََ
59:24 His are the Most beautiful names. .‫ْﺤﺴﻨﻰ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻷﺳﻤﺎء‬
َْ ُ ُ َ ْ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬
َُ

23. Nominal Sentence From Qur’an Page 22
Examples of Simple Sentences from Qur’an
85:21 It is a glorious Qur'an
‫ﻣﺠﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﺮآن‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬
ٌْ ِ
َ ٌ ُ َُ
21:24 This is a reminder ‫ذﻛﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬
ٌْ ِ 
21:50 This is a blessed reminder ‫ﻣﺒﺎرك‬ ‫ذﻛﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬
ٌَ َُ ٌْ ِ 
20:112 He is a believer ‫ﻣﺆﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬
ٌ
ُِْ َُ
6:16 He is one God ‫إﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬
ٌ ِ َُ
‫واﺣﺪ‬
ٌ ِ 
19:36 This is a straight way ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫اط‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﺻ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬
ٌ ْ
َِْ ُ ٌ ِ 
11:77 This is a day ‫ـﻮم‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬
ٌ َْ 
11:103 That is a day ‫ـﻮم‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬
ٌَْ َ ِ 
2:2 That is the Book ‫ْﻜﺘﺎب‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬
ُ َِ َ ِ 
43:30 They said: “This is sorcery (mere magic)” ‫ﻗﺎﻟﻮا‬
ُْ َ
:
‫ﺳﺤﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬
ٌْ
ِ 
44:44 This (will be) a painful torment ‫أﻟﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﺬاب‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬
ٌ ْ
َِ ٌ َ 
46:12 This is a confirming Scripture ‫ﻣﺼﺪق‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎب‬‫ﻫﺬا‬
ٌ ‫ﱢ‬ َ ُ ٌ َِ 
50:2 The disbelievers say: “This is a strange thing.” ‫ْﻜﺎﻓﺮون‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬
َ ُْ
ِ َ َ َ
:
‫ﻫﺬا‬
‫ﺷﻲء‬
ٌ ْ َ
‫ﻋﺠﻴﺐ‬
ٌ ْ ِ َ 
53:56 This is a warner ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻳ‬‫ﻧﺬ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬
ٌْ
َِ 
54:8 The disbelievers will say: “This is a hard day.” ‫ْﻜﺎﻓﺮون‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫ـﻘﻮل‬‫ﻳ‬
َ ُْ
ِ ُ َُْ
:
‫ﻋﺴﺮ‬ ‫ـﻮم‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬
ٌ
ِ َ ٌَْ 
77:38 This is the Day of Decision ‫ـﻮم‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬
ُ َْ
‫ْﻔﺼﻞ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
ِ ْ َ 
11:103 That (will be) a Day of Testimony ‫ـﻮم‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬
ٌَْ َ َِ
‫ﻣﺸﻬﻮد‬
ٌ ُ ْ َ 
16:116 This is lawful and this is forbidden ‫ﺣﻼل‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬
ٌ َ
‫ام‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﺣ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬ ‫و‬
ٌ ََ َ 
14:52 This is a Message for mankind ‫ﱠﺎس‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻟﻠ‬ ‫ﺑﻼغ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬
ِ ِ ٌ َ َ 

24. Grammatical Analysis Page 23
Some Examples of Simple Grammatical Analysis of Sentences
The pen IS broken. ‫ﻣﻜﺴﻮ‬ ‫ْﻘﻠﻢ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
ُْ ْ َ ُ ََ
‫ر‬
ٌ This IS a book. ‫ﻛﺘﺎب‬‫ﻫﺬا‬
ٌ َ
ِ
‫ْﻘﻠﻢ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
ُ ََ
=
‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪأ‬
ٌ َُْ ‫ﻫﺬا‬
=
‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪأ‬ ‫اﻹﺷﺎرة‬ ‫اﺳﻢ‬
ٌ َُْ
ِ
َ َ ِ ُ ْ
‫ﻣﻜﺴﻮ‬
ُْ ْ َ
‫ر‬
ٌ
=
‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬
ٌََ ‫ﻛﺘﺎب‬
ٌ َِ
=
‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬
ٌََ
The bag IS under the desk. ‫ْﻤﻜﺘﺐ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬ ‫ْﺤﻘﻴﺒﺔ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
ِ َْ َ َ ْ ْ
َ َُ َ
ِ The book IS on the desk. ‫ْﻤﻜﺘﺐ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ْﻜﺘﺎب‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
ِ َ َ
ْ َ ُ
ِ
‫ْﺤﻘﻴﺒﺔ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
َُ َ
ْ
ِ
=
‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪأ‬
ٌ َُْ ‫ْﻜﺘﺎب‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
ُ َِ
=
‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪأ‬
ٌ َُْ
‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬
َ ْ َ
=
‫ﻇﺮف‬
ٌ َْ
-
‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬ ‫ْﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻪ‬
ٌَ ْ ُ
َ ِ ِ
َ ُْ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
=
‫ﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮف‬
‫ﱟ‬َ َ
ُ ْ
‫ْﻤﻜﺘﺐ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
ِ َْ َ
=
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬
ٌ َ ُ
ُْ ْ ْ
ِ َ ٌ َ ‫ا‬
‫ْﻤﻜﺘﺐ‬‫ﻟ‬
ِ َْ َ
=
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫اﺳﻢ‬
ٌ َ
ُْ ْ ٌ ْ
)
‫ْﻤﻜﺘﺐ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
ِ َْ َ
(
‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬ ‫ْﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻪ‬
ٌَ ْ ُ
َ ِ ِ
َ ُْ
The merchant’s house IS in
front of the Mosque. ‫ْﻤﺴﺠﺪ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫أﻣﺎم‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎﺟﺮ‬ ‫ـﻴﺖ‬‫ﺑ‬
ِ ِ ِ
ْ َ َ َ َ
َ ِ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ ْ The Quran IS the book of Allah. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎب‬‫ْﻘﺮآن‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
ُ َ
ِ ُ ُْ
ِ‫ﷲ‬
‫ـﻴﺖ‬‫ﺑ‬
ُ َْ
=
‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪأ‬
ٌ َُْ
‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬
ٌ َ ُ َُ َ ‫ْﻘﺮآن‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
ُ ُْ
=
‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪأ‬
ٌ َُْ
ِ‫اﻟﺘﺎﺟﺮ‬
ِ ‫ﱠ‬
=
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬
ٌ َ ُ
ُْ ْ ْ
ِ َ ٌ َ ‫ﻛﺘﺎب‬
ُ َِ
=
‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬ ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬
ٌ َ ُ َُ َ ٌََ
‫أﻣﺎم‬
َ ََ
=
‫ﻇﺮف‬
ٌ َْ
-
‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬ ‫ْﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻪ‬
ٌَ ْ ُ
َ ِ ِ
َ ُْ ‫ا‬
ِ‫ﷲ‬
=
‫اﻟﺠﻼﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﻆ‬
َِ َ
َ َ ُ ْ
-
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬
ٌ َ ُ
ُْ ْ ْ
ِ َ ٌ َ
‫ْﻤﺴﺠﺪ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
ِ ِ
ْ َ
=
‫ﻣﺠﺮ‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬
ُ ْ ْ
َ ُ
ِ َ ٌ َ
‫ور‬
ٌْ
This bicycle belongs to (IS
for) the son of the
mu’adhdhin.
‫ْﻤﺆذن‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫ِﻻﺑﻦ‬‫اﺟﺔ‬‫ر‬‫اﻟﺪ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬
ِ‫ﱢ‬ َُ ِ ْ ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﱠ‬ ِِ This house belongs to (IS
for) the teacher. ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺪرس‬ ‫ـﻴﺖ‬‫ﺒ‬ْ‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬
ِ ‫ﱢ‬ َ ُِْ ُ َْ
‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬
ِِ
=
‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪأ‬ ‫اﻹﺷﺎرة‬ ‫اﺳﻢ‬
ٌ َُْ
ِ
َ َ ِ ُ ْ ‫ﻫﺬا‬
=
‫ﻣ‬ ‫اﻹﺷﺎرة‬ ‫اﺳﻢ‬
ُ
ِ
َ َ ِ ُ ْ
‫ﺒﺘﺪأ‬
ٌ َْ
‫اﺟﺔ‬‫ر‬‫اﻟﺪ‬
ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
=
‫ﺑﺪل‬
ٌ ََ ‫ـﻴﺖ‬‫ﺒ‬ْ‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
ُ َْ
=
‫ﺑﺪل‬
ٌ ََ
‫ِل‬
=
‫ﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮف‬
‫ﱟ‬َ َ
ُ ْ ‫ِل‬
=
‫ﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮف‬
‫ﱟ‬َ َ
ُ ْ
‫اﺑﻦ‬
ِ ْ
=
‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫اﺳﻢ‬
ٌ َ ُ ٌ َ
َُ َ ٌ
ُْ ْ ْ ‫ْﻤﺪرس‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
ِ ‫ﱢ‬ َ ُ
=
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫اﺳﻢ‬
ٌ َ
ُْ ْ ٌ ْ
‫ْﻤﺆذن‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
ِ‫ﱢ‬ َُ
=
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬
ٌ َ ُ
ُْ ْ ْ
ِ َ ٌ َ
. )
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺪرس‬
ِ ‫ﱢ‬ َ ُِْ
(
‫ْﺠﻤﻠ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻪ‬
َْ ُ ُْ
ِ
‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬ ‫ﺔ‬
ٌََ ِ
)
‫ْﻤﺆذن‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫ِﻻﺑﻦ‬
ِ ‫ﱢ‬ َُ ِ ْ
(
‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬ ‫ْﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻪ‬
ٌَ ْ ُ
َ ِ ِ
َ ُْ
THE ARABIC LANGUAGE IS easy. ‫ﺳﻬﻠﺔ‬ ‫ْﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫اﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬
ٌَْ َ ُ ُ
‫ﱠ‬ََِ َ‫ﱡ‬ THE ARABIC IS an easy language. ‫ﺳﻬﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺔ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ْﻌ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
ٌ ٌ
َْ َ َُ ُ‫ﱠ‬ََِ
‫اﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬
َُ‫ﱡ‬
=
‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪأ‬
ٌ َُْ ‫ﺑﻴﺔ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ْﻌ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
ُ‫ﱠ‬ََِ
=
‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪأ‬
ٌ َُْ
ْ‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
‫ﺑﻴﺔ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﻌ‬
ُ‫ﱠ‬ََِ
=
‫ـﻌﺖ‬‫ﻧ‬
ٌ َْ ‫ﻟﻐﺔ‬
ٌَُ
=
‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬
ٌََ
‫ﺳﻬﻠﺔ‬
ٌَْ َ
=
‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬
ٌََ ‫ﺳﻬﻠﺔ‬
ٌَْ َ
=
‫ـﻌﺖ‬‫ﻧ‬
ٌ َْ

25. Grammatical Analysis Page 24
Some Examples of Simple Grammatical Analysis of Sentences
My father IS a big merchant. ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻛﺒ‬‫ﺗﺎﺟﺮ‬ ‫أﺑﻲ‬
ٌ ٌ
ِْ ِ
َ ِ َ َ The broken chair
IS in that room. ْ‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
‫ْﻤﻜﺴﻮ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻜﺮﺳﻲ‬
ُْ ْ َ ‫ﱡ‬ ِ
ُْ
‫ﺗﻠ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ر‬
ِْ ِ
ُ
‫ْﻐﺮﻓﺔ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻚ‬
َُِْ َ
‫أب‬
ُ َ
=
‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪأ‬
ٌ َ ُ ُ
َُ َ ٌ َْ ‫اﻟﻜﺮﺳﻲ‬
‫ﱡ‬ ِ
ُْ ْ
=
‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪأ‬
ٌ َُْ
‫ي‬
ْ
=
‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻜﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﺎء‬
ِ
َْ ٌ َ ُ َ
ِ‫ﱢ‬َ َُْ ُ
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬
ٌ َ
ُْْ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﺴﻮر‬
ُ َ
ُْ ْ ْ
=
‫ـﻌﺖ‬‫ﻧ‬
ٌ َْ
‫ﺗﺎﺟﺮ‬
ٌ
ِ َ
=
‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬
ٌََ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
ِ
=
‫ﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮف‬
‫ﱟ‬َ َ
ُ ْ
‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻛﺒ‬
ٌَِْ
=
‫ـﻌﺖ‬‫ﻧ‬
ٌ َْ ‫ﺗﻠ‬
ِْ
‫ﻚ‬
َ
=
‫ﻣ‬ ‫اﻹﺷﺎرة‬ ‫اﺳﻢ‬
َ
ِ
َ َ ِ ُ ْ
‫ﺠﺮور‬
ٌُْْ
‫اﻟﻐﺮﻓﺔ‬
َُِْْ
=
‫ﺑﺪل‬
ٌ ََ
.
)
‫ﺗﻠ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
ِْ ِ
‫اﻟﻐﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻚ‬
َُِْْ َ
(
‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻪ‬
ٌَ ْ ُ
َ ِ ِ
َ ْ ُْ
My brother’s room IS in front of
my room. ‫ﻏﺮﻓﺘﻲ‬ ‫أﻣﺎم‬ ‫أﺧﻲ‬ ‫ﻏﺮﻓﺔ‬
َِ َ
ْ ْ
ُ ُ
َ ََ َ
ِ ُ He has a car (a car IS with him) . ‫ﺳﻴﺎرة‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻩ‬
ٌ ‫ﱠ‬
َ َ ُ َِْ
‫ﻏﺮﻓﺔ‬
َُُْ
=
‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪأ‬
ٌ َ ُ ُ
َُ َ ٌ َْ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬
َِْ
=
‫ﻇﺮف‬
ٌ َْ
-
‫ﻣﻘﺪم‬ ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻪ‬
ٌ‫ﱠ‬ َُ ٌَ ْ ُ
َ ِ ِ
َ ْ ُْ
‫أخ‬
ِ َ
=
‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬
ٌ ٌ
َ َ
ُ ٌ َ ُ
َُ َ ُْ ْ ْ
ِ َ ‫ه‬
ُ
=
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬
ٌ َ ُ
ُْ ْ ْ
ِ َ ٌ َ
.
‫ي‬
ْ
=
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻜﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﺎء‬
ٌ َ ُ َ
ُْْ ْ
ِ َ ٌ َ ِ‫ﱢ‬َ َُْ ُ ‫ﺳﻴﺎرة‬
ٌَ ‫ﱠ‬َ
=
‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪأ‬
ُ ُ
ٌ َْ
‫ﺆﺧﺮ‬
ٌ‫ﱠ‬ َ
‫أﻣﺎم‬
َ ََ
=
‫ﻇﺮف‬
ٌ َْ
-
‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻪ‬
ٌَ ْ ُ
َ ِ ِ
َ ْ ُْ
‫ﻏﺮﻓﺔ‬
َُِْ
=
‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬
ٌ ٌ
َ َ
ُ ٌ َ ُ
َُ َ ُْْ ْ
ِ َ These ARE teachers. ‫ﻣﺪر‬ ‫ﻫﺆﻻء‬
‫ﱢ‬ َ ُ
ِ ُ
‫ﺳﻮن‬
َ ُْ
‫ي‬
ْ
=
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻜﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﺎء‬
ٌ َ ُ َ
ُْْ ْ
ِ َ ٌ َ ِ‫ﱢ‬َ َُْ ُ
. ‫ﻫﺆﻻء‬
ِ ُ
=
‫ﻣﺒﺘ‬ ‫اﻹﺷﺎرة‬ ‫اﺳﻢ‬
َُْ
ِ
َ َ ِ ُ ْ
‫ﺪأ‬
ٌ
‫ﻣﺪرﺳﻮن‬
َ ‫ﱢ‬
ُْ َُ
=
‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬
ٌََ
I AM in the secondary school. ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ْﻤﺪرﺳﺔ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫أﻧﺎ‬
ِ ِ ِ
‫ﱠ‬َِ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ْ َ َ I have one brother (belongs to me
one brother). ‫واﺣﺪ‬ ‫أخ‬ ‫ﻟﻲ‬
ٌ ِ ٌ َ ْ
ِ
‫أﻧﺎ‬
َ
=
‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪأ‬
ٌ َُْ ‫ِل‬
=
‫ﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮف‬
‫ﱟ‬َ َ
ُ ْ
‫ﻓﻲ‬
ِ
=
‫ﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮف‬
‫ﱟ‬َ َ
ُ ْ ‫ي‬
ْ
=
‫ا‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻜﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﺎء‬
ِ‫ﱢ‬َ َُْ ُ َ
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫ﺳﻢ‬
ٌ َ
ُْْ ٌ ْ
.
‫اﻟﻤﺪرﺳﺔ‬
ِ
َ َ َ
ْ ْ
=
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫اﺳﻢ‬
ٌ َ
ُْْ ٌ ْ )
‫ﻟﻲ‬
ْ
ِ
(
‫ﻣﻘﺪم‬ ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻪ‬
ٌ‫ﱠ‬ َُ ٌَ ْ ُ
َ ِ ِ
َ ْ ُْ
‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻮﻳﺔ‬
ِ‫ﱠ‬َِ ‫ﱠ‬
=
‫ـﻌﺖ‬‫ﻧ‬
ٌ َْ
. ‫أخ‬
ٌ َ
=
‫ﻣﺆﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪأ‬
ٌ‫ﱠ‬ َُ ُ
ٌ َْ
)
‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺪرﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
ِ ِ ِ
‫ﱠ‬َِ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ
ْ ْ
(
‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻪ‬
ُْ ْ
َُ ْ ُ
َ ِ ِ
َ ُْ
‫ﺒﺘﺪأ‬
َْ ‫واﺣﺪ‬
ٌ ِ
=
‫ـﻌﺖ‬‫ﻧ‬
ٌ َْ
‫إﻃﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺳﻮل‬ ‫إﻃﺎﻋﺔ‬
ُ ُ
َ َ
ِ ِ
ِ ُ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ا‬
ِ‫ﷲ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬
ِ ْ َ ْ
ِ
ِ‫ﷲ‬
‫إﻃﺎﻋﺔ‬
َُ ِ
=
‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪأ‬
ٌ َ ُ ُ
َُ َ ٌ َْ ‫ﻫﺬا‬
=
‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪأ‬ ‫اﻹﺷﺎرة‬ ‫اﺳﻢ‬
ٌ َُْ
ِ
َ َ ِ ُ ْ
‫اﻟﺮﺳﻮل‬
ِ ُ ‫ﱠ‬
=
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬
ٌ َ ُ
ُْ ْ ْ
ِ َ ٌ َ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
ْ
ِ
=
‫ﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮف‬
‫ﱟ‬َ َ
ُ ْ
‫إﻃﺎﻋﺔ‬
َُ ِ
=
‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬ ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬
ٌ َ ُ َُ َ ٌََ ‫ﻓﻀﻞ‬
ِ ْ َ
=
‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫اﺳﻢ‬
ٌ َ ُ ٌ َ
َُ َ ٌ
ُْ ْ ْ
‫ا‬
ِ‫ﷲ‬
=
‫اﻟﺠﻼﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﻆ‬
َِ َ
َ َ ُ ْ
-
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬
ٌ َ ُ
ُْْ ْ
ِ َ ٌ َ ‫ا‬
ِ‫ﷲ‬
=
‫اﻟﺠﻼﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﻆ‬
َِ َ
َ َ ُ ْ
-
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬
ٌ َ ُ
ُْ ْ ْ
ِ َ ٌ َ
.
)
‫ا‬ ‫ﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
ِ ْ َ ْ
ِ
ِ‫ﷲ‬
(
‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻪ‬
ٌَ ْ ُ
َ ِ ِ
َ ْ ُْ

26. Grammatical Analysis Page 25
Some Examples of Simple Grammatical Analysis of Sentences
The new students
WENT to the
mosque.
‫ْﻤﺴﺠﺪ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ـﻮا‬‫ﺒ‬‫ذﻫ‬ ‫ْﺠﺪد‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫اﻟﻄﻼب‬
ِ ِ
ْ َ ُْ ُ
ََ ُ ُ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱞ‬ Amina WENT to the school. ‫ْﻤﺪرﺳﺔ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ذﻫﺒﺖ‬ ‫آﻣﻨﺔ‬
ِ
َ َ ْ َ ْ َََ َُ
ِ
‫اﻟﻄﻼب‬
ُ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱡ‬
=
‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪأ‬
ٌ َُْ ‫آﻣﻨﺔ‬
َُ
ِ
=
‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪأ‬
ٌ َُْ
‫اﻟﺠﺪد‬
ُ ُ ُ ْ
=
‫ـﻌﺖ‬‫ﻧ‬
ٌ َْ ‫ذﻫﺐ‬
َ ََ
=
‫ﻣﺎض‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬
ٍ َ ٌ ْ
ِ
‫ذﻫﺐ‬
ُ ََ
=
‫ﻣﺎض‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬
ٍ َ ٌ ْ
ِ ‫ت‬
ْ
=
‫اﻟﺘﺄﻧﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﺗﺎء‬
ِ َِْْ ُ َ
‫و‬
ْ
=
‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬
ٌ
ِ
)
‫ﻫﻢ‬
ْ ُ
( Hidden Pronoun ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬
ٌ
ِ
=
‫ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ‬ ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺿﻤ‬
ٌ ْ ٌ
َِ ُ ِْ َ
)
‫ﻫﻲ‬
َ
ِ
(
‫إﻟﻰ‬
=
‫ﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮف‬
‫ﱟ‬َ َ
ُ ْ ‫إﻟﻰ‬
=
‫ﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮف‬
‫ﱟ‬َ َ
ُ ْ
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ‬
ِ ِ
ْ َْ
=
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫اﺳﻢ‬
ٌ َ
ُْْ ٌ ْ ‫اﻟﻤﺪرﺳﺔ‬
ِ
َ َ َ
ْ ْ
=
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫اﺳﻢ‬
ٌ َ
ُْ ْ ٌ ْ
)
‫اﻟﻤﺴ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ـﻮا‬‫ﺒ‬‫ذﻫ‬
ْ َْ ََُْ
‫ﺠﺪ‬
ِ ِ
(
‫اﻟﻤﺒﺘﺪأ‬ ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬
َُْْ ْ ْ
َُ ْ ُ
َ ُ ُ
‫ﱠ‬ِ
ْ
ِ َ )
‫اﻟﻤﺪرﺳﺔ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ذﻫﺒﺖ‬
ِ
َ َ َ
ْ ْ ْ َََ
(
‫اﻟﻤﺒﺘﺪأ‬ ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬
َُْْ ْ ْ
َُ ْ ُ
َ ُ ُ
‫ﱠ‬ِ
ْ
ِ َ
Their father IS the IMAM of
this mosque. ‫ْﻤﺴﺠﺪ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬ ‫إﻣﺎم‬ ‫أﺑﻮﻫﻢ‬
ِ ِ
ْ َ ُ َ ُ
ِ ْ ُ َ
These men ARE
farmers from my
village.
‫ﻫﺆﻻء‬
ِ ُ
‫ﻳﺘﻲ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻼﺣﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺟﺎل‬
ِ
َ ْ ُ َ
َْ ِ َ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ ‫ﱢ‬
‫أب‬
ُ َ
=
‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪأ‬
ٌ َ ُ ُ
َُ َ ٌ َْ ‫ﻫﺆﻻء‬
ِ ُ
=
‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪأ‬ ‫اﻹﺷﺎرة‬ ‫اﺳﻢ‬
ٌ َُْ
ِ
َ َ ِ ُ ْ
‫ﻫﻢ‬
ْ ُ
=
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬
ٌ َ ُ
ُْْ ْ
ِ َ ٌ َ ‫اﻟﺮﺟﺎل‬
ُ َ ‫ﱢ‬
=
‫ﺑﺪل‬
ٌ ََ
‫إﻣﺎم‬
ُ َِ
=
‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬ ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬
ٌ َ ُ َُ َ ٌََ ‫ﻓﻼﺣﻮن‬
َ ُْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ
=
‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬
ٌََ
‫ﻫﺬا‬
=
‫ﻣﻀ‬ ‫اﻹﺷﺎرة‬ ‫اﺳﻢ‬
َ ُ
ِ
َ َ ِ ُ ْ
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺎف‬
ٌ َ
ُْْ ْ
ِ َ ٌ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
ْ
ِ
=
‫ﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮف‬
‫ﱟ‬َ َ
ُ ْ
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ‬
ِ ِ
ْ َْ
=
‫ﺑﺪل‬
ٌ ََ ‫ﻳﺖ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻗ‬
ِ
ََْ
=
‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫اﺳﻢ‬
ٌ َ ُ ٌ َ
َُ َ ٌ
ُْ ْ ْ
Those tall
men ARE
new
engineers.
‫أو‬
ُْ
‫ﺟﺪد‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﻄﻮال‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺟﺎل‬ ‫ﻟﺌﻚ‬
ٌ ُ ُ ُ َ
َ ُْ
ِ َْ ُ ُ
َ‫ﱢ‬ ‫ﱢ‬ َ ِ ‫ي‬
ْ
=
‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻜﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﺎء‬
ِ
َْ ٌ َ ُ َ
ِ‫ﱢ‬َ َُْ ُ
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬
ٌ َ
ُْْ
‫أوﻟﺌﻚ‬
َ ِ
ُْ
=
‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪأ‬ ‫اﻹﺷﺎرة‬ ‫اﺳﻢ‬
ٌ َُْ
ِ
َ َ ِ ُ ْ
The new students
WENT to the
restaurant.
‫ْﻤﻄﻌﻢ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ذﻫﺒﻦ‬ ‫ْﺠﺪد‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻟﺒﺎت‬
َِْ َ َ ََْ ُ ُ ُ َ
ُ ِ ‫ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﺮﺟﺎل‬
ُ َ ‫ﱢ‬
=
‫ﺑﺪل‬
ٌ ََ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻟﺒﺎت‬
ُ َ
ِ ‫ﱠ‬
=
‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪأ‬
ٌ َُْ
‫اﻟﻄﻮال‬
ُ َ‫ﱢ‬
=
‫ـﻌﺖ‬‫ﻧ‬
ٌ َْ ‫اﻟﺠﺪد‬
ُ ُ ُ ْ
=
‫ـﻌﺖ‬‫ﻧ‬
ٌ َْ
‫ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻮن‬
َ ُْ
ِ َُْ
=
‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬
ٌََ ‫ذ‬
َ
‫ﻫﺐ‬
ْ َ
=
‫ﻣﺎض‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬
ٍ َ ٌ ْ
ِ
‫ﺟﺪد‬
ٌ ُ ُ
=
‫ـﻌﺖ‬‫ﻧ‬
ٌ َْ ‫ن‬
َ
=
‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬
ٌ
ِ
)
‫ﻫﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ
(
These young men ARE
brothers . ‫اﺧﻮة‬ ‫ـﻴﺔ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ْﻔ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻫﺆﻻء‬
ٌَْ ِ َُِْ ِ ُ ‫إﻟﻰ‬
=
‫ﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮف‬
‫ﱟ‬َ َ
ُ ْ
‫ﻫﺆﻻء‬
ِ ُ
=
‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪأ‬ ‫اﻹﺷﺎرة‬ ‫اﺳﻢ‬
ٌ َُْ
ِ
َ َ ِ ُ ْ ‫اﻟﻤﻄﻌﻢ‬
َِْ َْ
=
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫اﺳﻢ‬
ٌ َ
ُْْ ٌ ْ
‫ـﻴﺔ‬‫ﺘ‬‫اﻟﻔ‬
َُِْْ
=
‫ﺑﺪل‬
ٌ ََ )
‫ذﻫﺒ‬
ََْ
‫اﻟﻤﻄﻌﻢ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
َِْ َْ َ
(
‫اﻟﻤﺒﺘﺪأ‬ ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬
َُ ْ ُ
َ ُ ُ
‫ﱠ‬ِ
ْ
ِْ ْ
َ
‫اﺧﻮة‬
ٌَْ ِ
=
‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬
ٌََ

27. Grammatical Analysis Page 26
Some Examples of Simple Grammatical Analysis of Sentences
‫ـ‬‫ﺸ‬‫ﻛﻤ‬‫ﻧﻮرﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬
ْ ِ َ ِِ ُ ُ ََ
‫ﻜﻮ‬
‫ة‬
ٍ ‫اﻟﻤﻄﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﺐ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﻗ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ـﻨﺎ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ـﻴ‬‫ﺑ‬
ِ َ َ
ِ
ٌ ْ ْ
َِ ُ ِ ََُْ
‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬
ُ ََ
=
‫ﻣﻀﺎ‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪأ‬
َ ُ ُ
َُ َ ٌ َْ
‫ف‬
ٌ ‫ـﻴﺖ‬‫ﺑ‬
ُ َْ
=
‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪأ‬
ٌ َ ُ ُ
َُ َ ٌ َْ
‫ﻧﻮر‬
ِ ُ
=
‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬
ٌ ٌ
َ َ
ُ ٌ َ ُ
َُ َ ُْ ْ ْ
ِ َ ‫ﻧﺎ‬
َ
=
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬
ٌ َ ُ
ُْْ ْ
ِ َ ٌ َ
‫ه‬
ِ
=
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬
ٌ َ ُ
ُْْ ْ
ِ َ ٌ َ ‫اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ‬
ُْ
ِ
=
‫ـﻴﺖ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﻟﻠ‬ ‫ـﻌﺖ‬‫ﻧ‬
ِ َِْْ ٌ َْ
‫ـ‬‫ﻛ‬
َ
=
‫ﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮف‬
‫ﱟ‬َ َ
ُ ْ ‫ﻳﺐ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﻗ‬
ٌ َِْ
=
‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬
ٌََ
‫ـ‬‫ﺸ‬‫ﻣ‬
ْ ِ
‫ﻜﻮ‬
‫ة‬
ٍ
=
‫ﻣﺠﺮو‬ ‫اﺳﻢ‬
ُْْ َ ٌ ْ
‫ر‬
ٌ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
ْ
ِ
=
‫ﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮف‬
‫ﱟ‬َ َ
ُ ْ
)
‫ـ‬‫ﺸ‬‫ﻛﻤ‬
ْ ِ َ
‫ﻜﻮ‬
‫ة‬
ٍ
(
‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻪ‬
ٌَ ْ ُ
َ ِ ِ
َ ْ ُْ ‫اﻟﻤﻄﺎر‬
ِ َ
=
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫اﺳﻢ‬
ٌ َ
ُْ ْ ٌ ْ
ِ‫و‬
َ
ِ‫ﷲ‬
‫ا‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫و‬ ‫واﻷرض‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻤﺎوات‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻚ‬
َ َ َ
ِ َْ ِ
َ ُ ُْ
ِ‫ﷲ‬
‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫اﻟﻤﺼ‬
ُِْ
َ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﻀﺔ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻃﻠﺐ‬
ٍ ِ
ِ
ْ ُ ‫ﱢ‬ ُ ٌَ َِْ ِْ
ُ ََ
)
‫ﺣﺪﻳﺚ‬
ْ
ِ
َ
(
‫و‬
َ
=
‫ﻋﻄﻒ‬ ‫ﺣﺮف‬
ٍ ْ َ ُ َْ ‫ﻃﻠﺐ‬
ُ ََ
=
‫ﻣﺒﺘ‬
َُْ
‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﺪأ‬
ٌ َ ُ َُ َ ٌ
‫ـ‬‫ﻟ‬
ِ
=
‫ﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮف‬
‫ﱟ‬َ َ
ُ ْ ‫اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬
ِِْ
=
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬
ٌ َ ُ
ُْ ْ ْ
ِ َ ٌ َ
‫ا‬
ِ‫ﷲ‬
=
‫اﻟﺠﻼﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﻆ‬
َِ َ
َ َ ُ ْ
-
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫اﺳﻢ‬
ٌ َ
ُْْ ٌ ْ
. ‫ﻳﻀﺔ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﻓ‬
ٌَ َِْ
=
‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬
ٌََ
)
ِ
‫ﷲ‬
ِ
(
‫ﻣﻘﺪم‬ ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻪ‬
ٌ‫ﱠ‬ َُ ٌَ ْ ُ
َ ِ ِ
َ ْ ُْ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
=
‫ﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮف‬
‫ﱟ‬َ َ
ُ ْ
‫ﻣﻠﻚ‬
ُ ُْ
=
‫وﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪأ‬
َُ َ ٌ‫ﱠ‬ َُ ُ
ٌ َْ
‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬
ٌ َ ُ ‫ﻛﻞ‬
‫ﱢ‬ ُ
=
‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫اﺳﻢ‬
ٌ َ ُ ٌ َ
َُ َ ٌ
ُْْ ْ
‫اﻟﺴﻤﺎوات‬
ِ
َ
=
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬
ٌ َ ُ
ُْْ ْ
ِ َ ٌ َ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬
ٍِ
ْ ُ
=
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬
ٌ َ ُ
ُْْ ْ
ِ َ ٌ َ
‫و‬
َ
=
‫ﻋﻄﻒ‬ ‫ﺣﺮف‬
ٍ ْ َ ُ َْ ‫ـﻮﺳﻄﺔ‬‫ﺘ‬‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺪرﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ـﻌﻀﻬﻢ‬‫ﺑ‬
ِ ِ ِ
َ ‫ﱢ‬ ََُ َ َ
َ ْ ْ ُُ َْ
‫اﻷرض‬
ِ َْ
=
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫اﺳﻢ‬
ٌ َ
ُْْ ٌ ْ
)
‫اﻟﺴﻤﺎو‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻄﻮف‬
َ َ ٌ ُ َْ
‫ات‬
ِ
( ‫ـﻌﺾ‬‫ﺑ‬
ُ َْ
=
‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪأ‬
ٌ َ ُ ُ
َُ َ ٌ َْ
‫و‬
َ
=
‫ﻋﻄﻒ‬ ‫ﺣﺮف‬
ٍ ْ َ ُ َْ ‫ﻫﻢ‬
ْ ُ
=
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬
ٌ َ ُ
ُْْ ْ
ِ َ ٌ َ
‫إﻟﻰ‬
َ
=
‫ﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮف‬
‫ﱟ‬َ َ
ُ ْ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
ِ
=
‫ﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮف‬
‫ﱟ‬َ َ
ُ ْ
‫ا‬
ِ‫ﷲ‬
=
‫اﻟﺠﻼﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﻆ‬
َِ َ
َ َ ُ ْ
-
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫اﺳﻢ‬
ٌ َ
ُْْ ٌ ْ ‫اﻟﻤﺪرﺳﺔ‬
ِ
َ َ َ
ْ
=
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫اﺳﻢ‬
ٌ َ
ُْ ْ ٌ ْ
)
‫ا‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬
َ
ِ‫ﷲ‬
(
‫ﺧ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻪ‬
َ ِ ِ
َْ ُ ْ ُْ
‫ﻣﻘﺪم‬ ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬
ٌ‫ﱠ‬ َُ ٌَ ‫ـﻮﺳﻄﺔ‬‫ﺘ‬‫اﻟﻤ‬
َِ ‫ﱢ‬ ََُ
=
‫ـﻌﺖ‬‫ﻧ‬
ٌ َْ
‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫اﻟﻤﺼ‬
ُِْ
َ
=
‫ﻣﺆﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪأ‬
ٌ‫ﱠ‬ َُ ُ
ٌ َْ )
‫ـﻮﺳﻄﺔ‬‫ﺘ‬‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺪرﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
ِ ِ ِ
َ ‫ﱢ‬ ََُ َ َ
َ ْ
(
‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻪ‬
ٌَ ْ ُ
َ ِ ِ
َ ْ ُْ
‫ـﻴﻤﺔ‬‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺐ‬‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬
ٌ َ‫َﱢ‬ ٌ ُُ ْ
ِ ‫ا‬
ُ
‫ﷲ‬
‫واﻷرض‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻤﺎوات‬ ‫ﻧﻮر‬
ِ َْ َ
ِ
َ ُ ُ
‫ﻓﻲ‬
ِ
=
‫ﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮف‬
‫ﱟ‬َ َ
ُ ْ ‫ا‬
‫ﷲ‬
ُ
=
‫اﻟﺠﻼﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﻆ‬
َِ َ
َ َ ُ ْ
-
‫ﻣ‬
ُ
‫ﺒﺘﺪأ‬
ٌ َْ
‫ﻫﺎ‬
=
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫اﺳﻢ‬
ٌ َ
ُْ ْ ٌ ْ ‫ﻧﻮر‬
ُ ُ
=
‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬ ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬
ٌ َ ُ َُ َ ٌََ
)
‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬
ْ
ِ
(
‫ﻣﻘﺪم‬ ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻪ‬
ٌ‫ﱠ‬ َُ ٌَ ْ ُ
َ ِ ِ
َ ْ ُْ ‫اﻟﺴﻤﺎوات‬
ِ
َ
=
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎف‬
ٌ َ ُ
ُْْ ْ
ِ َ ٌ َ
‫ﻛﺘﺐ‬
ٌ ُُ
=
‫ﻣﺆﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪأ‬
ٌ‫ﱠ‬ َُ ُ
ٌ َْ ‫و‬
َ
=
‫ﻋﻄﻒ‬ ‫ﺣﺮف‬
ٍ ْ َ ُ َْ
‫ـﻴﻤﺔ‬‫ﻗ‬
ٌ َ‫َﱢ‬
=
‫ـﻌﺖ‬‫ﻧ‬
ٌ َْ ‫اﻷرض‬
ِ َْ
=
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬ ‫اﺳﻢ‬
ٌ َ
ُْ ْ ٌ ْ
)
‫اﻟﺴﻤﺎوات‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻄﻮف‬
ِ
َ َ ٌ ُ َْ
(

28. Dual and Sound Plurals Page 27
The Dual and the Sound Masculine and Feminine Plurals
Please change the following nouns into Dual and the Sound Masculine and Feminine Plurals and put them into their cases as
shown in the example.
FEMININE MASCULINE
Genitive
‫ﻣﺠﺮ‬
ُْ َ
‫ور‬
ٌ
Accusative
‫ﻣﻨﺼﻮب‬
ٌ ُ َْ
Nominative
‫ﻣﺮﻓﻮع‬
ٌ َُْ
Genitive
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬
ٌ َ
ُْ
Accusative
‫ﻣﻨﺼﻮب‬
ٌ ُ َْ
Nominative
‫ﻣﺮﻓﻮع‬
ٌ َُْ
Singular
Dual
Plural
‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺔ‬
ٍ
َ ْ
ِ
ُ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺔ‬
ً َ ْ
ِ
ُ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺔ‬
ٌ َ ْ
ِ
ُ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬
ٍِ
ْ ُ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺎ‬
ً ْ
ِ
ُ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬
ٌ
ِ
ْ ُ ‫ﻣﻔﺮد‬
ُْ
‫ـﻴﻦ‬
ِ ْ‫ـﺘ‬
َ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤ‬
َ ْ
ِ
ُ ‫ـﻴﻦ‬
ِ ْ‫ـﺘ‬
َ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤ‬
َ ْ
ِ
ُ ‫ﺎن‬
ِ ‫ـ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻣﺴﻠ‬
َ ْ
ِ
ُ ‫ـﻴﻦ‬
ِ ْ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤ‬
َ ْ
ِ
ُ ‫ـﻴﻦ‬
ِ ْ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤ‬
َ ْ
ِ
ُ ‫ـﺎن‬
ِ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤ‬
َ ْ
ِ
ُ ‫ﱠﻰ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﻣ‬
َُ
‫ت‬
ٍ ‫ـﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻣﺴﻠ‬
َ ْ
ِ
ُ ‫ت‬
ٍ ‫ـﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻣﺴﻠ‬
َ ْ
ِ
ُ ‫ت‬
ٌ ‫ـﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻣﺴﻠ‬
َ ْ
ِ
ُ ‫ـﻴﻦ‬
َ ْ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤ‬
ِِ
ْ ُ ‫ـﻴﻦ‬
َ ْ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤ‬
ِِ
ْ ُ ‫ـﻮن‬
َ ْ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤ‬
ُ ْ
ِ
ُ ‫ﺟﻤﻊ‬
ْ َ
‫ﻣﺆﻣﻦ‬
ٌ
ُِْ ‫ﻣﻔﺮد‬
ُْ
‫ﱠﻰ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﻣ‬
َُ
‫ﺟﻤﻊ‬
ْ َ
‫ﻣﺪرس‬
ٌ ‫ﱢ‬ َ ُ ‫ﻣﻔﺮد‬
ُْ
‫ﱠﻰ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﻣ‬
َُ
‫ﺟﻤﻊ‬
ْ َ
‫ﻣﻬﻨﺪس‬
ٌ
ِ َُْ ‫ﻣﻔﺮد‬
ُْ
‫ﱠﻰ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﻣ‬
َُ
‫ﺟﻤﻊ‬
ْ َ
‫ﻛﺎﻓﺮ‬
ٌ
ِ ‫ﻣﻔﺮد‬
ُْ
‫ﱠﻰ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﻣ‬
َُ
‫ﺟﻤﻊ‬
ْ َ
‫ﻓﺎﺳﻖ‬
ٌ ِ ‫ﻣﻔﺮد‬
ُْ
‫ﱠﻰ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﻣ‬
َُ
‫ﺟﻤﻊ‬
ْ َ

29. Dual and Sound Plurals Page 28
The Dual and the Sound Masculine and Feminine Plurals
FEMININE MASCULINE
Genitive
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬
ٌ َ
ُ ْ
Accusative
‫ﻣﻨﺼﻮب‬
ٌ ُ َْ
Nominative
‫ﻣﺮﻓﻮع‬
ٌ َُْ
Genitive
‫ﻣﺠﺮور‬
ٌ َ
ُْ
Accusative
‫ﻣﻨﺼﻮب‬
ٌ ُ َْ
Nominative
‫ﻣﺮﻓﻮع‬
ٌ َُْ
Singular
Dual
Plural
‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺔ‬
ٍ
َ ْ
ِ
ُ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺔ‬
ً َ ْ
ِ
ُ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺔ‬
ٌ َ ْ
ِ
ُ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬
ٍِ
ْ ُ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺎ‬
ً ْ
ِ
ُ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬
ٌ
ِ
ْ ُ ‫ﻣﻔﺮد‬
ُْ
‫ـﻴﻦ‬
ِ ْ‫ـﺘ‬
َ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤ‬
َ ْ
ِ
ُ ‫ـﻴﻦ‬
ِ ْ‫ـﺘ‬
َ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤ‬
َ ْ
ِ
ُ ‫ﺎن‬
ِ ‫ـ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻣﺴﻠ‬
َ ْ
ِ
ُ ‫ـﻴﻦ‬
ِ ْ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤ‬
َ ْ
ِ
ُ ‫ـﻴﻦ‬
ِ ْ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤ‬
َ ْ
ِ
ُ ‫ـﺎن‬
ِ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤ‬
َ ْ
ِ
ُ ‫ﱠﻰ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﻣ‬
َُ
‫ت‬
ٍ ‫ـﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻣﺴﻠ‬
َ ْ
ِ
ُ ‫ت‬
ٍ ‫ـﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻣﺴﻠ‬
َ ْ
ِ
ُ ‫ت‬
ٌ ‫ـﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻣﺴﻠ‬
َ ْ
ِ
ُ ‫ـﻴﻦ‬
َ ْ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤ‬
ِِ
ْ ُ ‫ـﻴﻦ‬
َ ْ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤ‬
ِِ
ْ ُ ‫ـﻮن‬
َ ْ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤ‬
ُ ْ
ِ
ُ ‫ﺟﻤﻊ‬
ْ َ
‫ﺻﺎدق‬
ٌ ِ ‫ﻣﻔﺮد‬
ُْ
‫ﱠﻰ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﻣ‬
َُ
‫ﺟﻤﻊ‬
ْ َ
‫ﻛﺎذب‬
ٌ
ِ ‫ﻣﻔﺮد‬
ُْ
‫ﱠﻰ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﻣ‬
َُ
‫ﺟﻤﻊ‬
ْ َ
‫ﻣﺸﺮك‬
ٌِ ْ ُ ‫ﻣﻔﺮد‬
ُْ
‫ﱠﻰ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﻣ‬
َُ
‫ﺟﻤﻊ‬
ْ َ
‫ﻧﺎﺟﺢ‬
ٌ
ِ ‫ﻣﻔﺮد‬
ُْ
‫ﱠ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﻣ‬
َُ
‫ﻰ‬
‫ﺟﻤﻊ‬
ْ َ
‫اﺳﺐ‬‫ر‬
ٌ
ِ ‫ﻣﻔﺮد‬
ُْ
‫ﱠﻰ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﻣ‬
َُ
‫ﺟﻤﻊ‬
ْ َ

30. Broken Plurals Page 29
The Broken Plurals = ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫اﻟﺘﻜﺴ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻊ‬
ُْ
ِ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ ْ َ
‫ـﻌﻮل‬‫ﻓ‬
ٌ ُُْ ‫ـﻌﺎل‬‫ﻓ‬‫أ‬
ٌ َ
َْ ‫ﻓﻌﺎل‬
ٌ َ
ِ ‫ـﻌﺎل‬‫ﻓ‬
ٌ ‫ﱠ‬ُ
‫ـﻮخ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺷ‬
ٌ ُُْ Sheik ‫ﺷﻴﺦ‬
ٌ َْ ‫أوﻻد‬
ٌَ ْ Child ‫وﻟﺪ‬
ٌََ ‫رﺟﺎل‬
ٌ َِ Man ‫رﺟﻞ‬
ٌ َُ ‫ﻃﻼب‬
ٌ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ Student ‫ﻃﺎﻟﺐ‬
ٌ
ِ َ
‫ـﻮف‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺿ‬
ٌ ُُْ Guest ‫ﺿﻴﻒ‬
ٌ َْ ‫ـﻨﺎء‬‫ﺑ‬‫أ‬
ٌ ََْ Son ‫اﺑﻦ‬
ٌ ْ
ِ ‫ﻛﺒﺎر‬
ٌ َ
ِ Great
Big ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻛﺒ‬
ٌَِْ ‫ﺗﺠﺎر‬
ٌ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ Merchant ‫ﺗﺎﺟﺮ‬
ٌ
ِ َ
‫ﺣﻘﻮل‬
ٌ ُُْ Field ‫ﺣﻘﻞ‬
ٌ َْ ‫أﻋﻤﺎم‬
ٌ َ ْ َ Paternal
Uncle ‫ﻋﻢ‬
‫ﱞ‬ َ ‫ﺻﻐﺎر‬
ٌ َ ِ Small ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺻﻐ‬
ٌْ
ِ
َ ‫ﺣﺠﺎج‬
ٌ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ Pilgrim ‫ﺣﺎج‬
‫ﱞ‬ َ
‫ـﻠﻮب‬‫ﻗ‬
ٌ ُُْ Heart ‫ـﻠﺐ‬‫ﻗ‬
ٌ َْ ‫أزواج‬
ٌ ََْ Spouse
Husband ‫زوج‬
ٌ َْ ‫ﻗﺼﺎر‬
ٌ َ
ِ Short ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻗﺼ‬
ٌِْ َ ‫ﻛﺎب‬
‫ر‬
ٌ ‫ﱠ‬
ُ
Rider
Passenger ‫اﻛﺐ‬‫ر‬
ٌ
ِ
َ
‫ﻧﺠﻮم‬
ٌ ُْ ُ Star ‫ﻧﺠﻢ‬
ٌ ْ َ ‫آﺑﺎء‬
ٌ َ Father ‫أب‬
ٌ َ ‫ﻃﻮال‬
ٌ َ
ِ Tall ‫ﻃﻮﻳﻞ‬
ٌ َِْ ‫ﻛﻔﺎر‬
ٌ ‫ﱠ‬ُ Unbeliever ‫ﻛﺎﻓﺮ‬
ٌ
ِ َ
‫ـﻮت‬‫ﻴ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺑ‬
ٌ ُُْ House ‫ـﻴﺖ‬‫ﺑ‬
ٌ َْ ‫أﻗﻼم‬
ٌَ َْ Pen ‫ـﻠﻢ‬‫ﻗ‬
ٌََ ‫ﺿﻌﺎف‬
ٌ َ
ِ Weak ‫ﺿﻌﻴﻒ‬
ٌ ْ
َِ ‫ﻋﻤﺎل‬
ٌ ‫ﱠ‬ُ Worker ‫ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‬
ٌ
ِ
َ
‫دروس‬
ٌ ُُْ Lesson ‫درس‬
ٌ َْ ‫ـﻮاب‬‫ﺑ‬‫أ‬
ٌ ََْ Door ‫ﺑﺎب‬
ٌ َ ‫ﺟﺒﺎل‬
ٌ َ
ِ Mountain ‫ﺟﺒﻞ‬
ٌ ََ
‫ـﺮوش‬‫ﻗ‬
ٌ ُُْ Monetary
coin ‫ﻗﺮش‬
ٌ ْ
ِ ‫ـﻬ‬‫ﻧ‬‫أ‬
ََْ
‫ﺎر‬
ٌ River ‫ـﻬﺮ‬‫ﻧ‬
ٌَْ ‫ﻛﻼب‬
ٌ َ ِ Dog ‫ﻛﻠﺐ‬
ٌ َْ
‫ـﻮب‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺟ‬
ٌ ُُْ Pocket ‫ﺟﻴﺐ‬
ٌ َْ ‫أﻳﺎم‬
ٌ ‫ﱠ‬َ Day ‫ـﻮم‬‫ﻳ‬
ٌ َْ ‫ﺑﺤﺎر‬
ٌ َ ِ Sea ‫ﺑﺤﺮ‬
ٌْ َ
‫ﺣﺮوف‬
ٌ ُُْ Letter ‫ﺣﺮف‬
ٌ َْ ‫ْﻮان‬‫ﻟ‬‫أ‬
ٌ َ َ Colour ‫ﻟﻮن‬
ٌ َْ ‫ﺑﻼد‬
ٌَ ِ Country ‫ـﻠﺪ‬‫ﺑ‬
ٌََ
‫ﻣﻠﻮك‬
ٌ ُُْ King ‫ﻣﻠﻚ‬
ٌ ِ
َ ‫أﻣﻄﺎر‬
ٌ َ َْ Rain ‫ﻣﻄﺮ‬
ٌَ َ ‫ﺻﻌﺎب‬
ٌ َ
ِ Difficult ‫ﺻﻌﺐ‬
ٌ َْ
‫ـ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺳ‬
ُُ
‫ﻮف‬
ٌ ْ Sword ‫ﺳﻴﻒ‬
ٌ َْ ‫أوﻗﺎت‬
ٌ َ َْ Time ‫وﻗﺖ‬
ٌ ْ َ
‫ﻋﻠﻮم‬
ٌ ُُْ Knowledge ‫ﻋﻠﻢ‬
ٌ ِْ ‫أﺻﺤﺎب‬
ٌ َ ْ َ Companion ‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ‬
ٌ
ِ
َ
‫ﻗﺼﻮر‬
ٌُْ ُ Palace ‫ﻗﺼﺮ‬
ٌْ َ ‫أﺳﻤﺎء‬
ٌ َ ْ َ Name ‫اﺳﻢ‬
ٌ ْ
ِ
‫أﻃﻔﺎل‬
ٌ َ
َْ Infant ‫ﻃﻔﻞ‬
ٌ ِْ
‫أﻣﺜﺎل‬
ٌ َ
َْ Example ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬
ٌ َِ
‫ـﻮار‬‫ﻧ‬‫أ‬
ٌ ََْ Light ‫ـﻮر‬‫ﻧ‬
ٌُْ

31. Broken Plurals Page 30
The Broken Plurals = ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫اﻟﺘﻜﺴ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻊ‬
ُْ
ِ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ ْ َ
‫أﻓﻌﻼء‬
َُ َِْ
‫اﻟﺼﺮف‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﻨﻮع‬
ِ
ْ‫ﱠ‬ َ
ِ ٌ ُْ َ
‫ـﻌﻼء‬‫ﻓ‬
َُ َُ
‫اﻟﺼﺮف‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﻨﻮع‬
ِ
ْ‫ﱠ‬ َ
ِ ٌ ُْ َ
‫ـﻌﻞ‬‫ﻓ‬
ٌ ُُ ‫ﻓﻌﻠﺔ‬
ٌَْ
ِ
‫أﻏﻨ‬
ِْ َ
‫ﻴﺎء‬
ُ َ Rich ‫ﻏﻨﻲ‬
‫ﱞ‬ َِ ‫زﻣﻼء‬
َُ َُ Colleague ‫زﻣﻴﻞ‬
ٌ ْ
َِ ‫ﺟﺪد‬
ٌ ُ ُ New ‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬
ٌْ
ِ
َ ‫ـﻴﺔ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻓ‬
ٌَِْ Youth ‫ـﺘﻰ‬‫ﻓ‬
ًَ
‫أﺻﺪﻗﺎء‬
ُ َ ِ
ْ َ Friend ‫ﺻﺪﻳﻖ‬
ٌ ْ
ِ
َ ‫اء‬‫ﺮ‬‫ـﻘ‬‫ﻓ‬
ُ ََُ Poor ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻓﻘ‬
ٌْ
َِ ‫ﻛﺘﺐ‬
ٌ ُُ Book ‫ﻛﺘﺎب‬
ٌ َِ ‫اﺧﻮة‬
ٌَْ ِ Brother ‫أخ‬
ٌ َ
‫أﻗﻮﻳﺎء‬
ُ ََِْ Strong ‫ﻗﻮي‬
‫ﱞ‬ َِ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﺎء‬
ُ ََُ Learned ‫ﻋﺎﻟﻢ‬
ٌ
ِ َ ‫ﺣﻤﺮ‬
ٌُ ُ Donkey ‫ﺣﻤ‬
َ
ِ
‫ﺎر‬
ٌ
‫أذﻛﻴﺎء‬
ُ َ
ِْ َ Intelligent ‫ذﻛﻲ‬
‫ﱞ‬ َِ ‫اء‬‫ر‬‫وز‬
ُ َ ُ
َ Minister ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻳ‬‫ز‬‫و‬
ٌ َ
ِْ ‫ﺳﺮر‬
ٌُُ Bed ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻳ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﺳ‬
ٌِْ َ
‫أﻧﺒﻴﺎء‬
ُ ََِْ Prophet ‫ﻧﺒﻲ‬
‫ﱞ‬ َِ ‫اء‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﺳﻔ‬
ُ ََُ Ambassador ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺳﻔ‬
ٌْ
ِ
َ ‫رﺳﻞ‬
ٌ ُ ُ Messenger ‫رﺳﻮل‬
ٌ ُْ َ
‫ﺑﺎء‬‫ﺮ‬‫أﻗ‬
ُ ََِْ Near ‫ﻳﺐ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﻗ‬
ٌ َِْ ‫اء‬‫ﺮ‬‫أﻣ‬
ُ ََُ Governor
Chief ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫أﻣ‬
ٌْ
َِ ‫ﻣﺪن‬
ٌ ُ ُ City ‫ﻣﺪ‬
ِ
َ
‫ـﻨﺔ‬‫ﻳ‬
ٌَْ
‫أﻃﺒﺎء‬
ُ ‫ﱠ‬ِ َ Doctor ‫ﻃﺒﻴﺐ‬
ٌ َِْ ‫ﺣﻔﺪاء‬
ُ َ َُ Grandson ‫ﺣﻔﻴﺪ‬
ٌْ
ِ
َ ‫ﺳﻔﻦ‬
ٌ ُُ Ship ‫ـﻨﺔ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺳﻔ‬
ٌَْ
ِ
َ
‫ﻃﺮق‬
ٌ ُُ Way ‫ﻳﻖ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﻃ‬
ٌ َِْ

32. Broken Plurals Page 31
The Broken Plurals = ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫اﻟﺘﻜﺴ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻊ‬
ُْ
ِ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ ْ َ
‫ـﻌﻞ‬‫ﻓ‬‫أ‬
ٌ ُ َْ ‫أﻓﻌﻠﺔ‬
ٌََِْ
‫ﻣﻔﺎﻋﻴﻞ‬
ُ ْ
ِ ََ
‫اﻟﺼﺮف‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﻨﻮع‬
ِ
ْ‫ﱠ‬ َ
ِ ٌ ُْ َ
‫ﻣﻔﺎﻋﻞ‬
ُ
ِ ََ
‫اﻟﺼﺮف‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﻨﻮع‬
ِ
ْ‫ﱠ‬ َ
ِ ٌ ُْ َ
‫أﺷﻬﺮ‬
ٌُ ْ َ Month ‫ﺷﻬﺮ‬
ٌْ َ ‫أﺳﺌﻠﺔ‬
ٌَِْ َ Question ‫ﺳﺆال‬
ٌ َُ ‫ﻣﻔ‬
ََ
‫ﺎﺗﻴﺢ‬
ُ ِْ Key ‫ﻣﻔﺘﺎح‬
ٌ َِْ ‫دﻓﺎﺗﺮ‬
ُ
ِ ََ Notebook ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻓ‬‫د‬
ٌََْ
‫أرﺟﻞ‬
ٌ ُ َْ Leg
Foot ‫رﺟﻞ‬
ٌ ِْ ‫أﺟﻮﺑﺔ‬
ٌَِ ْ َ Answer ‫ﺟﻮاب‬
ٌ َ ‫ﻣﻨﺎدﻳﻞ‬
ُ ْ
ِ ََ Kerchief ‫ﻣﻨﺪﻳﻞ‬
ٌ ْ
ِ ِْ ‫ﻣﻜﺎﺗﺐ‬
ُ
ِ َ َ Desk ‫ﻣﻜﺘﺐ‬
ٌ َْ َ
‫ـﻔﺲ‬‫ﻧ‬‫أ‬
ٌ َُْ Soul
Self ‫ـﻔﺲ‬‫ﻧ‬
ٌ َْ ‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ‬
ٌََِْ Example ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬
ٌ َِ ‫ـﻨﺎﺟﻴﻦ‬‫ﻓ‬
ُ ْ ِ ََ Cup ‫ﻓﻨﺠﺎن‬
ٌ َ ِْ ‫ـﻨﺎدق‬‫ﻓ‬
ُ ِ ََ Hotel ‫ـﻨ‬‫ﻓ‬
َْ
‫ﺪق‬
ٌ ُ
‫أذرع‬
ٌَُْ Arm ‫اع‬‫ر‬‫ذ‬
ٌ َ
ِ ‫أﻃﻌﻤﺔ‬
ٌ َ
ِْ َ Food ‫ﻃﻌﺎم‬
ٌ ََ ‫ﺻﻨﺎدﻳﻖ‬
ُ ْ
ِ ََ
Box
Crate ‫ﺻﻨﺪوق‬
ٌ ُْ َْ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺟﺪ‬
ُ ِ
َ َ Masjid ‫ﻣﺴﺠﺪ‬
ٌ ِ
ْ َ
‫أﻋﻤﺪة‬
ٌَ ِ ْ َ Column ‫ﻋﻤﻮد‬
ٌ َُْ ‫اﺳﻲ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﻛ‬
‫ﱡ‬ ِ
ََ Chair ‫ﻛﺮﺳﻲ‬
‫ﱞ‬ ِ
ُْ ‫ﻣﻼﺑﺲ‬
ُ
َِ َ Garment ‫ﻣﻠﺒﺲ‬
ٌ ََْ
‫ﻣﺴﺎﻃﺮ‬
ُ
ِ
َ َ Ruler ‫ﻣﺴﻄﺮة‬
ٌََ ْ
ِ
‫ﻣﺪارس‬
ُ ِ َ َ School ‫ﻣﺪرﺳﺔ‬
ٌَ َ ْ َ
‫دﻗﺎﺋﻖ‬
ُ ِ ََ Minute ‫ـﻘﺔ‬‫ﻴ‬‫دﻗ‬
ٌَْ
َِ
‫ﻣﻨﺎزل‬
ُِ ََ
Residence
Dwelling ‫ﻣﻨﺰل‬
ٌَِْ
‫ﻣﺼﺎﻧﻊ‬
ُ
ِ
َ َ Factory ‫ﻣﺼﻨﺢ‬
ٌ َْ َ
‫ﻛﻮاﻛﺐ‬
ُ َ
ِ َ Planet ‫ﻛﺐ‬
‫ﻛﻮ‬
ٌ َ َ
ْ
‫ﻣﺠﺎﻟﺲ‬
ُ
ِ
َ َ Assembly ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ‬
ٌ
ِ
ْ َ
‫ﺟﻮاﻫﺮ‬
ُ
ِ
ََ
Essence
Substance ‫ﺟﻮﻫ‬
َ َْ
‫ﺮة‬
ٌَ
‫ﺗﺠﺎرب‬
ُ ِ َ َ Experiment ‫ﺑﺔ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﺗﺠ‬
ٌََْ َ

33. Broken Plurals Page 32
The Broken Plurals = ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫اﻟﺘﻜﺴ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻊ‬
ُْ
ِ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ ْ َ
‫ـﻌﻼن‬‫ﻓ‬
ٌَ ُْ
‫ﻗﻤﺼﺎن‬
ٌ َ ُْ Shirt ‫ﻗﻤﻴﺺ‬
ٌ َِْ
‫ـﻠﺪان‬‫ﺑ‬
ٌ َُْ Country ‫ـﻠﺪ‬‫ﺑ‬
ٌََ

34. Singular-Dual-Plural Page 33
Singular, Dual and Plural
‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎب‬‫ﻫﺬا‬
ٌْ
ِ
َ ٌ َِ
. ‫ﺻﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫وﻟﺪ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬
ٌ
ِ
َ ٌََ
.
‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪان‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺎن‬‫ﻫﺬان‬
ِ ِ ِ
ْ
ِ
َ َ َِ
. ‫ﺻﺎﻟﺤﺎن‬ ‫وﻟﺪان‬ ‫ﻫﺬان‬
ِ ِ ِ
ِ
َ َََ
.
‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪة‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺐ‬‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬
ٌَْ
ِ ِ
َ ٌ ُُ ِ
. ‫ﺻﺎﻟﺤﻮن‬ ‫أوﻻد‬ ‫ﻫﺆﻻء‬
َ ُ
ِ
َ ٌ َْ ِ ُ
.
‫ـﻠﺔ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺟﻤ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬
ٌ ٌ
َِْ
َ َ ِِ
. ‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺪرس‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬
ٌْ
ِ
َ ُ
ٌ ‫ﱢ‬ َ
.
‫ﻣﺪرﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬
ٌَ َ ْ َ
ِِ
‫ﻗﺪﻳﻤﺔ‬
ٌ َْ
َِ
. ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻛﺒ‬‫ﻣﻬﻨﺪس‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬
ٌَِْ ٌ
ِ َُْ
.
‫ﻣﻜﺴﻮر‬ ‫ـﻠﻢ‬‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬
ٌ ُ ْ َ ٌََ
. ‫ـﻠﺔ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺟﻤ‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬
ٌَْ ْ
ِ
َ ٌ َ ِِ
.
‫ـﻠﺔ‬‫ﻳ‬‫ﻃﻮ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬
ٌََِْ ٌ ِْ ِِ
. ‫ـﻠﺔ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺟﻤ‬ ‫ﻃﻔﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬
ٌ ٌ
َ َ
ِْ
َ ِْ ِِ
.
‫ﻣﺠﺘﻬﺪة‬ ‫ﻃﺎﻟﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬
ٌَ َِْ ُ ٌَ
ِ َ ِِ
. ‫ﻣﺠﺘﻬﺪ‬ ‫ﻃﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬
ٌ َِْ ُ ٌ
ِ َ
.

35. Singular-Dual-Plural Page 34
Singular, Dual and Plural
‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬
ِِ
‫ـﻌﺔ‬‫ﻳ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎرة‬
ٌَِْ َ َ
ٌ ‫ﱠ‬
َ
. ‫ﺻﺎﻟﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺪرﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬
ٌ ٌ
َ
ِ
َ َ ‫ﱢ‬ َ ُ َِ
.
‫ﻧﻈﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﻗﻤﻴﺺ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬
ٌ ْ ْ
َِ ٌ َِ
. ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺻﻐ‬ ‫ـﻴﺖ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬
ٌْ ْ
ِ
َ ٌ َ
.
‫ﺟﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬
ٌ ِْ
َ ‫ﱞ‬ ِ
. ‫وﺳﺦ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺪﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬
ٌ ِ
َ ٌ ْ
ِ ِْ
.
‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻃﺒﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬
ٌ
ِ
ْ ُ ٌ َِْ
. ‫ﻧﺸﻴﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺮﺿﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬
ٌ ٌ
َ ْ
ِ َ َ ‫ﱢ‬َُ
ِِ
.
‫ﻣﺎﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﻃﺒﺎخ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬
ٌ
ِ ٌ ‫َﱠ‬
. ‫ـﻘ‬‫ﻳ‬‫ﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬
َْ
ِ ِ
َ
ِ
‫واﺳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺔ‬
ٌ ٌ
َ
ِ
.
‫ْﻴﺎﺑﺎن‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ْﻘﺼ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫ْﺤﺎج‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬
ِ
َ
ِ
ُِْ َ ‫ﱡ‬
. ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻗﺼ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﺐ‬‫ﻫﺬا‬
ٌِْ َ ٌ َْ
.