Viruses, worms, and Trojan horses are types of malicious software threats. Antivirus programs aim to detect, remove, and prevent the spread of these threats. Computer Emergency Response Teams (CERTs) and the Forum of Incident Response and Security Teams (FIRST) were formed to assist in solving hacker attacks, sharing security information, and coordinating responses to incidents. Basic security tips include using up-to-date antivirus software, avoiding unknown emails, using strong passwords, installing firewalls, safe file sharing practices, and backing up data.

1. ANTIVIRUS PROGRAMS
PRESENTED
BY
ILAKIA

2. INTRODUCTION
One of the most high profile threats to information integrity is
Network viruses. Network viruses are software that behaves like
biological viruses—they attach themselves to a host and replicate,
spreading the infection. For a computer program to be classified as
a virus, it simply must replicate itself. In this paper (Antivirus
programs and Security Terms), I am presenting what are terms and
viruses, worms, security terms which are provide in
E-Commerce website to from hackers.

3. VIRUS
A self-replicating program.
A piece of software code that inserts itself into a host,
including the operating systems, in order to propagate; it
requires that its host program be run to activate it
Often Viruses require a host, and their goal is to infect other
files so that the virus can live longer.

4. WORMS
A software program that runs independently, consuming the
resources of its host in order to maintain itself, that is capable
of propagating a complete working version of itself onto
another machine.

5. Worms are insidious because they rely less (or not at all) upon
human behavior in order to spread themselves from one
computer to others.
Especially JAVA – BASED applets found on web sites could
easily contain viruses.

6. TORJAN HORSE
A program that appears to have a useful function but that
contains a hidden function that presents a security risk.
A new variant of a Trojan program that stole tens of thousands of
stolen identities from 125 countries that the victims believed were
collected by a legitimate company

7. THE NATURE OF VIRUSES
 A computer virus carries in its instructional code the capability
for making copies of itself.
 The typical virus takes temporary control of a computer’s disk
OS.
 Whenever the infected computer comes into contact with an
uninfected piece of software, a fresh copy of the virus passes
into the new program.
 The infection can be spread from computer to computer by
unsuspecting user, who access the website and send programs
on a network.

8.  The virus can do anything that other program do;
 The only difference is that it attaches itself to another program
and executes secretly every time when the host program is run.
 Unfortunately, after a virus is executing, it can perform any
function, such as erasing files and programs.
 The simple virus only infect the programs might work something
like this:

9.  Find the first program instruction.
 Replace it with a jump to the memory location following the
last instruction in program.
 Insert a copy of the virus code at that location.
 Have the virus simulate the instruction replace by jump.
 Jump back to the second instruction of the host program.
 Finish executing the host program.

10. COUNTERING THE THREAT
OF VIRUS
 The basic solution for the thread of viruses is prevention:
do not allow a virus to get into the system in the first place.
 This goal is impossible to achieve, although prevention can
reduce the number of successful viral attacks.
 The next best approach is to do following:

11.  DETECTION
After the infection has occurred, determine that it
has occurred and locate the virus.

12.  PURGING
Remove the virus from all infected systems so that
the disease cannot spread further.

13.  RECOVERY
Recover any lost data or programs from the user
host system

15. SECURITY TEAMS
 The issue of network and internet security have become
increasingly more important as more and more businesses and people
go on-line.
 Teams of people have formed to assist on solving hacker attacks
and to disseminate information on security attacks and how to
prevent them.

16.  Two such teams are
 Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT)
 Forum of Incident Response and Security Teams
(FIRST)

17. COMPUTER EMERGENCY
RESPONSE TEAM (CERT)
 The Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT) exists as a
point of contact for suspect security problems related to the
Internet.
 CERT can help determine the scope of the threat and
recommend and appropriate response.
 A World Wide Web page supplied by the Software
Engineering Institute Posts CERT advisories.

18.  The Web Page is located at http://www.sei.cmu.edu.
 CERT can also be accessed via anonymous FTP from
info.cert.org.
 If you choose, you can also be added to Cert’s mailing list;
send mail to cert-advisory-request@cert.org.

19. FORUM OF INCIDENT RESPONSE AND
SECURITY TEAMS (FIRST)
 Security threats are problem that affect computers and networks
around the world.
 FIRST is made up of a variety of Computer Emergency Response
Teams including teams from government, business and academic sectors.
 FIRST plan to cultivate cooperation and coordination between teams
in a attempt to decrease reaction time to security incidents and promote
information sharing among team members.
 The FIRST is made up of the following teams.

20. CERT-NT SURFnet Response Netherlands
Team
AUSCERT Australian Computer Australia
Emergency Response
Team
DFN-CERT German Federal USA
Networks CERT
CIAC DOE Computer USA
Incident Advisory
Capability
NASIRC NASA Automated USA
Systems Incident
Response Capability

21. VA U.S. Veterans Health USA
Administration
SWITCH-CERT Swiss Academic and Switzerland
Research Network
CERT
SUNSeT Stanford University USA
Security Team
PCERT Purdue University USA
Computer
Emergency Response
Team
CERT Coordination CERT Coordination USA
Center Center

22. SECURITY TIPS
 Use protection software "anti-virus software" and keep it up to
date.
 Don't open email from unknown sources.
 Use hard-to-guess passwords.
 Protect your computer from Internet intruders -- use "firewalls".
 Don't share access to your computers with strangers. Learn about file
sharing risks.
 Back up your computer data.