This document discusses computer viruses and malware. It defines viruses, trojans, worms, spyware, and adware. It describes how viruses spread and the signs of infection. It then discusses the history of antivirus software and how it functions to prevent, quarantine, and repair infections through updating virus definitions. Popular antivirus programs from 2012 are listed.

1. University of Salahaddin /Hawler, College of Science/
Computer Department
Supervisor
Dr.sarah
Prepared by
Hemn amin abduljabar
hemnamin10@gmail.com

2. Virus is a computer program that can copy
itself and infect computer without
permission or knowledge of the user. A virus
can only spread from one computer to
another when its host is taken to the
uninfected computer, for instance by a user
sending it over a network or the Internet, or
by carrying it on a removable medium such
as a floppy disk, CD, or USB drive.

3. Going back to the origin of viruses, it was in
1949 that Mathematician John Von Neumann
described self-replicating programs which could
resemble computer viruses as they are known
today. In that decade, a group of programmers
developed a game called Core Wars, which
could reproduce every time it was run, and even
saturate the memory of other players'
computers. The creators of this peculiar game
also created the first antivirus, an application
named Reaper, which could destroy copies
created by Core Wars.

4. The term Malware is derived from two different
words - "malicious" and "software.
Indeed, Malware is a general term for any kind of
program that is designed to harm your computer.
Adware, Spyware, Trojans, Viruses and tracking
cookies are all types of Malware.

5.  Virus
A Computer Virus is that it attaches
itself to a legitimate program or file
to perform its damage. Viruses can
copy themselves and spread quickly.
 Trojans
A Trojan is a type of malware that appears utterly
innocuous; many times, In the worst case scenario, a
Trojan can create a "backdoor" on your PC that a
hacker can use to get into your system. though,
Trojans cannot replicate or duplicate themselves.

6.  Worms
A Worm is also a type of computer Malware. As such it
can replicate itself with ease. though, is that they can
do so without human assistance. Worms travel across
computer networks . They suck up a lot of system
memory and are known to crash entire networks.

7.  Spyware
Spyware is a kind of malware; it has a specific
objective, though: Running in the background
to gather information from your computer
system. Needless to say, spyware isn't
something that you want running on your
computer.
 Adware
Adware is a word formed from combining
"Advertising" and "Software." In essence Adware is
advertising-supported software. Adware is more
annoying than harmful on its own.

8.  They are transmitted through
computer networks, the Internet
and portable media like USB
drives, DVDs and CDs. You can
receive computer viruses via
email or by copying a program
onto a CD and installing it onto
your PC.

9.  Applications that don't work properly.
 Disks can't be accessed.
 Printing doesn't work correctly.
 File size changes for no apparent reason.
 Date of last access does not match date of last
use.
 An increase in the number of files on the system
when nothing has been added
 Unusual error messages.
 System slows down, freezes or crashes.

10.  Best way to protect yourself
is to prepare your computer
anti viruses in advance. One
way to protect you
computer is to use updated
anti-virus program.

11. Antivirus programs were initially introduced
in the mid-1980s and became popular in
1988. During this time, many computer
hackers released viruses.

12. Significance of Anti-virus
Antivirus software protects your computer from
harmful software.
Function of Anti-virus
Quarantine
Prevention Repair
or Removal

13. Types of Anti-virus
Anti-virus
Anti-virus
Internet security
Anti-virus Update
 Viruses can change and become undetected by
certain programs. This can be prevented by updating
the virus definitions offered by the software
company.

14.  BitDefender Antivirus 2012
 Norton Antivirus 2012
 Perfect Antivirus 2012
 Vipre Antivirus 2012
 ESET Antivirus 2012
 Kaspersky Antivirus 2012
 F-Secure Antivirus 2012
 TrendMicro Antivirus 2012
 ZoneAlarm Antivirus 2012
 Panda Antivirus 2012